Reduced intensity conditioning is effective for hematopoietic SCT in dyskeratosis congenita-related BM failure

BM failure (BMF) is a major and frequent complication of dyskeratosis congenita (DKC). Allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (allo-HSCT) represents the only curative treatment for BMF associated with this condition. Transplant-related morbidity/mortality is common especially after myeloablative conditioning regimens. Herein, we report nine cases of patients with DKC who received an allo-SCT at five different member centers within the Eastern Mediterranean Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry. Between October 1992 and February 2011, nine DKC patients (male, 7 and female, 2), with a median age at transplantation of 19.1 (4.9-31.1) years, underwent an allo-HSCT from HLA-matched, morphologically normal-related donors (100%). Preparative regimens varied according to different centers, but was reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) in eight patients. Graft source was unstimulated BM in five cases (56%) and G-CSF-mobilized PBSCs in four (44%) cases. The median stem cell dose was 6.79 (2.06-12.4) × 10(6) cells/kg body weight. GVHD prophylaxis consisted of CsA in all nine cases; MTX or mycophenolate mofetil were added in five (56%) and two (22%) cases, respectively. Anti-thymocyte globulin was administered at various doses and scheduled in four (44%) cases. Median time-to-neutrophil engraftment was 21 (17-27) days. In one case, late graft failure was noted at 10.4 months post allo-HSCT. Only one patient developed grade II acute GVHD (11%). Extensive chronic GVHD was reported in one case, whereas limited chronic GVHD occurred in another four cases. At a median follow-up of 61 (0.8-212) months, seven (78%) patients were still alive and transfusion independent. One patient died of metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma and graft failure was the cause of death in another patient. This study suggests that RIC preparative regimens are successful in inducing hematopoietic cell engraftment in patients with BMF from DKC. Owing to the limited sample size, the use of registry data and heterogeneity of preparative as well as GVHD prophylaxis regimens reported in this series, we are unable to recommend a particular regimen to be considered as the standard for patients with this disease.

Road traffic injuries and data systems in Egypt: addressing the challenges

OBJECTIVE

Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major cause of global mortality and morbidity, killing approximately 1.3 million people and injuring 20 to 50 million each year. The significance of this public health threat is most pronounced in low- and middle-income countries where 90 percent of the world's road traffic-related fatalities take place. Current estimates for Egypt show a road traffic fatality rate of 42 deaths per 100,000 population-one of the highest in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. RTIs are also responsible for 1.8 percent of all deaths and 2.4 percent of all disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost in the country. Despite this, studies surrounding this topic are scarce, and reliable data are limited. The overall goal of this article is to define the health impact of RTIs in Egypt and to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each data source for the purpose of improving the current RTI data systems.

METHODS

A 2-pronged approach was undertaken to assess the burden of RTIs in Egypt. First, a thorough literature review was performed using PubMed, Embase, ISIS Web of Knowledge, and Scopus databases. Articles pertaining to Egypt and road traffic injuries were selected for screening. With assistance from Egyptian colleagues, a comprehensive exploration of data sources pertaining to RTIs in Egypt was undertaken and secondary data from these sources were procured for analysis.

RESULTS

The literature review yielded a total of 20 studies, of which 6 were multi-country and 5 were hospital-based studies. None examined risk factors such as speeding, alcohol, or seat belt use. Secondary data sources were acquired from national hospital-based injury surveillance; a community-based health survey; pre-hospital injury surveillance; the Ministry of Transport; the General Authority for Roads, Bridges and Land Transport; death certificates; and the central agency for public motorization and statistics. Risk factor data are also limited from these sources.

CONCLUSION

The results of this article clearly highlight the significant burden that road traffic injuries pose on the health of the Egyptian population. The hospital-based injury surveillance system that has been established in the country and the use of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) coding brings the system very closely in line with international guidelines. There is, however, some considerable room for improvement, including the need to extend the coverage of the surveillance system, the inclusion of injury severity scores and disability indicators, and standardization of the sometimes rather disparate sources from various sectors in order to maximally capture the true burden of RTIs.

Long-range transfer of electron-phonon coupling in oxide superlattices

The electron-phonon interaction is of central importance for the electrical and thermal properties of solids, and its influence on superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance and other many-body phenomena in correlated-electron materials is the subject of intense research at present. However, the non-local nature of the interactions between valence electrons and lattice ions, often compounded by a plethora of vibrational modes, presents formidable challenges for attempts to experimentally control and theoretically describe the physical properties of complex materials. Here we report a Raman scattering study of the lattice dynamics in superlattices of the high-temperature superconductor YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) (YBCO) and the colossal-magnetoresistance compound La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO(3) that suggests a new approach to this problem. We find that a rotational mode of the MnO(6) octahedra in La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO(3) experiences pronounced superconductivity-induced line-shape anomalies, which scale linearly with the thickness of the YBCO layers over a remarkably long range of several tens of nanometres. The transfer of the electron-phonon coupling between superlattice layers can be understood as a consequence of long-range Coulomb forces in conjunction with an orbital reconstruction at the interface. The superlattice geometry thus provides new opportunities for controlled modification of the electron-phonon interaction in complex materials.

Indicators of Risk for Dental Caries in Children: A Holistic Approach

BACKGROUND

Dental caries in children is a major public health problem worldwide, with a multitude of determinants acting upon children to different degrees in different communities. The objective of this study was to determine maternal, environmental, and intraoral indicators of dental caries experience in a sample of 6- to 7-y-old children in South East Queensland, Australia.

METHODS

A total of 174 mother-child dyads were recruited for this cross-sectional study from the Griffith University Environments for Healthy Living birth cohort study. Maternal education, employment status, and prepregnancy body mass index were maternal indicators, and annual household income was taken as a proxy for environmental indicators. These were collected as baseline data of the study. Clinical data on children's dental caries experience, saliva characteristics of buffering capacity, stimulated flow rate, and colony-forming units per milliliter of salivary mutans streptococci were collected for the oral health substudy. Univariate analysis was performed with 1-way analysis of variance and chi-square tests. Caries experience was the outcome, which was classified into 4 categories based on the number of carious tooth surfaces. Ordinal logistic regression was used to explore the association of risk indicators with caries experience.

RESULTS

Age (P = 0.021), low salivary buffering capacity (P = 0.001), reduced levels of salivary flow rate (P = 0.011), past caries experience (P = 0.001), low annual household income; <$30,000 (P = 0.050) and <$60,000 (P = 0.033) and maternal employment status (P = 0.043) were associated with high levels of dental caries.

CONCLUSION

These data support the evidence of associations between maternal, environmental, and children's intraoral characteristics and caries experience among children in a typical Western industrialized country. All of these need to be considered in preventative strategies within families and communities.

KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT

The results of this study can be used by clinicians, epidemiologists, and policy makers to identify children who are at risk of developing dental caries. With consideration of costs for treatment for the disease, this information could be used to plan cost-effective and patient-centered preventive care.

Is cisplatin required for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer? Experience and preliminary results of a phase I/II trial with topotecan and vinorelbine

Platinum-based chemotherapy is considered standard treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, toxicity of most platinum-based regimens is substantial and requires close monitoring and supportive care. Over the past decade, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, gemcitabine, irinotecan, and topotecan have been introduced into the clinic. These newer agents have shown promising activity against NSCLC with a favorable toxicity profile as single agents. For patients with metastatic NSCLC, palliation is the main goal of therapy. Therefore, treatment should be easy to administer on an outpatient basis. We explored a novel combination therapy avoiding platinum. Patients with recurrent or metastatic NSCLC were treated with intravenous (i.v.) topotecan (0.5-1.0 mg/m(2)/day x 5) and i.v. vinorelbine (20-30 mg/m(2)/day on day 1 and day 5) in 21-day cycles. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined separately with or without the addition of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support. Twenty-nine patients have been enrolled to date. At i.v. topotecan doses of 0.75-1.0 mg/m(2)/day and i.v. vinorelbine of 25 mg/m(2)/day, neutropenia was frequent but of short duration (<7 days). The DLT of i.v. topotecan (0.85 mg/m(2)) in the absence of G-CSF support was based on myelosuppression with neutropenic fever. With the addition of G-CSF, a DLT has not been reached. Nonhematologic toxicities included mild to moderate fatigue and constipation. An overall clinical response rate of 42% was achieved, with responses noted at all dose levels. At a short median follow-up of 15 months, the median survival for all patients is 13 months. In conclusion, the combination regimen of topotecan and vinorelbine is feasible for outpatient administration and is well tolerated with less toxicity than platinum-based regimens. Preliminary response data demonstrate good tumor activity, suggesting that this regimen could make an excellent palliative treatment for advanced NSCLC.

Synthesis and photoluminescence characteristics of Dy incorporated MoO3 phosphor: Suppression concentration quenching

A series of MoO₃:Dy³⁺ phosphors have been synthesized via the gel-combustion method. The X-ray and photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra were employed to characterize the obtained phosphors. The prepared samples were characterized through XRD measurements and exhibited that Dy³⁺ ions can be successfully incorporated into the host material. The PL emission bands of Dy³⁺ doped MoO₃ were observed at 486 nm, 574 nm and 666 nm which are assigned to the transitions of ⁴F_9/2 → ⁶H_15/2, ⁴F_9/2 → ⁶H_13/2 and ⁴F_9/2 → ⁶H_11/2, respectively. Concentration quenching were largely taken into consideration as one of the crucial aspects limiting the application range of phosphors in today's modern world. An abnormal thermal quenching dependence was reported when Dy³⁺ ions were incorporated into MoO₃ host matrix. In order to understand the origin of this beneficial behaviour, energy transfer processes occurring via radiative and nonradiative mechanisms were investigated to elucidate this suppression of the concentration quenching.

Neurolymphomatosis of the median nerve, optic nerve, L4 spinal nerve root and cauda equina in patients with B-cell malignancies: a case series

BACKGROUND

Neurolymphomatosis is rare. Neoplastic lymphocytes are seen to invade nerves (cranial or peripheral), nerve roots or other related structures in patients with hematological malignancy. It is a separate entity from central nervous system lymphoma. Neurolymphomatosis has most commonly been described in association with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Neurolymphomatosis in the context of Burkitt lymphoma and the post-renal transplant setting has not been described before.

CASE REPORTS

We report for the first time in the Arabian Gulf countries and nearby Arab states four cases of neurolymphomatosis (one Asian, and the other 3 are from Arabic nationals) occurring between 2012 and 2017 involving the median nerve, optic nerve, nerve root and cauda equina in patients with Burkitt lymphoma, Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

CONCLUSIONS

Neurolymphomatosis is rare and can be difficult to diagnose by biopsy but reliably confirmed by a combined imaging approach. Prior treatment with high-dose dexamethasone might suppress 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) activity and decrease the sensitivity of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). The prognosis is generally poor but using high-dose methotrexate as well as high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation may be an effective way to treat neurolymphomatosis.

Statistical modelling for a new family of generalized distributions with real data applications

The modern trend in distribution theory is to propose hybrid generators and generalized families using existing algebraic generators along with some trigonometric functions to offer unique, more flexible, more efficient, and highly productive G-distributions to deal with new data sets emerging in different fields of applied research. This article aims to originate an odd sine generator of distributions and construct a new G-family called "The Odd Lomax Trigonometric Generalized Family of Distributions". The new densities, useful functions, and significant characteristics are thoroughly determined. Several specific models are also presented, along with graphical analysis and detailed description. A new distribution, "The Lomax cosecant Weibull" (LocscW), is studied in detail. The versatility, robustness, and competency of the LocscW model are confirmed by applications on hydrological and survival data sets. The skewness and kurtosis present in this model are explained using modern graphical methods, while the estimation and statistical inference are explored using many estimation approaches.

Feedback effect on high-energy magnetic fluctuations in the model high-temperature superconductor HgBa2CuO(4+δ) observed by electronic Raman scattering

We use electronic Raman scattering to study the model single-layer cuprate superconductor HgBa(2)CuO(4+δ). In an overdoped sample, we observe a pronounced amplitude enhancement of a high-energy peak related to two-magnon excitations in insulating cuprates upon cooling below the critical temperature T(c). This effect is accompanied by the appearance of the superconducting gap and a pairing peak above the gap in the Raman spectrum, and it can be understood as a hitherto-undetected feedback effect on the high-energy magnetic fluctuations due to the Cooper pairing interaction. This implies a direct involvement of the high-energy magnetic fluctuations in the pairing mechanism. All of these effects occur already above T(c) in two underdoped samples, demonstrating a related feedback mechanism associated with the pseudogap.

Highly anisotropic anomaly in the dispersion of the copper-oxygen bond-bending phonon in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 from inelastic neutron scattering

Motivated by predictions of a substantial contribution of the "buckling" vibration of the CuO(2) layers to d-wave superconductivity in the cuprates, we have performed an inelastic neutron scattering study of this phonon in an array of untwinned crystals of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7). The data reveal a pronounced softening of the phonon at the in-plane wave vector q=(0,0.3) upon cooling below ~105 K, but no corresponding anomaly at q=(0.3,0). Based on the observed in-plane anisotropy, we argue that the electron-phonon interaction responsible for this anomaly supports an electronic instability associated with a uniaxial charge-density modulation and does not mediate d-wave superconductivity.

Introducing novel arc cosine-Ψ class of distribution with theory and data evaluation related to coronavirus

In recent years, integrating trigonometric techniques into probability models has garnered significant interest. This paper presents a novel trigonometric generator based on the Arc cosine function, referred to as the Arc cos-Ψ distribution. The proposed distribution demonstrates unique and flexible patterns in its probability density function (PDF) and hazard rate function (HRF), showcasing its ability to effectively model both symmetrical and asymmetrical data behaviors. Key mathematical properties of the distribution are thoroughly investigated, including moments, extremum behavior of the PDF and HRF, incomplete moments, quantile function, and entropies. Parameter estimation is carried out using various methods, and their performance is assessed through comprehensive numerical studies. Additionally, a simulation study is conducted to further validate the distribution's properties and estimation techniques. The practical utility and adaptability of the model are demonstrated using two real-world datasets, including COVID-19 data, where the distribution provides an exceptional fit and reveals unique data characteristics. This underscores its potential for modeling complex datasets with intricate structures, making it a valuable addition to the statistical toolkit.

Human scabies acquired from a pet puppy

Scabies is a very old contagious skin disease caused by itch mite, Sarcoptes scabiei which burrows into the stratum corneum. Nowadays, human scabies is one of the health problems among the school children. This paper dealt with a case of scabies in a preschool aged child who acquired the infestation from his pet puppy.

Flea ectoparasites of commensal rodents in Shebin El Kom, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt

Rodents population are widely distributed in some Egyptian Governorates, particularly those in the Nile Delta. Generally speaking, rodents particularly those living in close association with man, play a major role in human health, welfare and economy. Besides, their arthropod ectoparasites are important vectors of pathogenic agents as well as they themselves are causative agents of many allergic disorders. No doubt, the increase in rodent population is followed by an increase in many zoonotic diseases. In Shebin El Kom city, the capital of Menoufia Governorate three commensal rodents were identified. They were Mus musculus (house mouse), Rattus rattus (black rat) and Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat). The maximal rat index was in Autumn (0.69) and minimal was in Winter (0.2). Five species of fleas were collected from the rodents. They were Xenopsylla cheopis (57.7%), Xenopsylla ramesis. (12.7%), Pulex irritans (12.7%), Leptopsylla segnis (11.3%) and Ctenocephalides felis (5.6%). The maximal flea index was in Spring (1.02) and the minimal was in Winter (zero) The highly infested rodent species was R. rattus (0.65/rat), R. norvegicus (0.62/rat) and the lowest was M. musculus (0.45/mouse). The overall flea index was 0.59. The role of fleas in disease transmission was included. No doubt, to carry out feasible control measures against rodents and their ectoparasites complete understanding of their bionomics must be well studied.

Design based synthetic imputation methods for domain mean

In real life, situations may arise when the available data are insufficient to provide accurate estimates for the domain, the small area estimation (SAE) technique has been used to get accurate estimates for the variable under study. The problem of missing data is a serious problem that has an impact on sample surveys, but small area estimates are especially prone to it. This paper is a basic effort that suggests design based synthetic imputation methods for the domain mean estimation using simple random sampling in order to address the issue of missing data under SAE. The expression of the mean square error for the proposed imputation methods are obtained up to first order approximation. The efficiency conditions are determined and a thorough simulation study is carried out using artificially generated data sets. An application is included with real data that further supports this study.

A study on the new logarithmic-G family with statistical properties, simulations, and different data analysis

In probability theory, it is acknowledged that traditional probability distributions often struggle to represent real-world data characterized by non-monotonic hazard rate behaviour accurately. Researchers are actively working to enhance these distributions to better capture real-life datasets' complexities. This study presents an innovative modelling technique that utilizes logarithmic functions within a family of distributions, providing greater adaptability and potential. Various mathematical properties were investigated and defined for the proposed methodology. Several estimation methods were employed to estimate the model parameters. To assess the effectiveness of these estimators, a comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation was conducted, focusing on bias, mean square error and mean relative error. The New Log-Weibull (NLW) distribution was then applied to analyze multiple COVID-19 and engineering datasets and compare its performance against alternative distributions.

Effect of spdC gene expression on virulence and antibiotic resistance in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates

Surface protein display C (SpdC) protein was described as a novel virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus that affects biofilm formation and pathogenesis and favors resistance to antimicrobials targeting cell wall. We evaluated the possible correlation between spdC gene expression level and virulence as well as antibiotic resistance phenotypes in S. aureus clinical isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus clinical isolates (n = 100) was determined by the disk diffusion method. Vancomycin susceptibility was determined by the broth microdilution method. The level of the extracellular proteases and delta-hemolysin was evaluated by measuring the proteolysis and hemolysis zone diameters in skim milk and blood agar plates, respectively. Biofilm formation was assayed using the 96-well microtiter plate method. Most of the isolates (81%) were multidrug-resistant and about half of the isolates (49%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Hemolysin, protease, and biofilm production were detectable in 79%, 71%, and 96% of the isolates. No significant correlation was detectable between the level of spdC gene expression and the activity of tested virulence factors or the antimicrobial resistance phenotype. Therefore, the role of SpdC protein as a virulence regulator in S. aureus needs further evaluation together with the determination of the predominant regulators for each virulence factor.

A new unit distribution: properties, estimation, and regression analysis

This research commences a unit statistical model named power new power function distribution, exhibiting a thorough analysis of its complementary properties. We investigate the advantages of the new model, and some fundamental distributional properties are derived. The study aims to improve insight and application by presenting quantitative and qualitative perceptions. To estimate the three unknown parameters of the model, we carefully examine various methods: the maximum likelihood, least squares, weighted least squares, Anderson-Darling, and Cramér-von Mises. Through a Monte Carlo simulation experiment, we quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of these estimation methods, extending a robust evaluation framework. A unique part of this research lies in developing a novel regressive analysis based on the proposed distribution. The application of this analysis reveals new viewpoints and improves the benefit of the model in practical situations. As the emphasis of the study is primarily on practical applications, the viability of the proposed model is assessed through the analysis of real datasets sourced from diverse fields.

Use of improved memory type control charts for monitoring cancer patients recovery time censored data

Control charts are a statistical approach for monitoring cancer data that can assist discover patterns, trends, and unusual deviations in cancer-related data across time. To detect deviations from predicted patterns, control charts are extensively used in quality control and process management. Control charts may be used to track numerous parameters in cancer data, such as incidence rates, death rates, survival time, recovery time, and other related indicators. In this study, CDEC chart is proposed to monitor the cancer patients recovery time censored data. This paper presents a composite dual exponentially weighted moving average Cumulative sum (CDEC) control chart for monitoring cancer patients recovery time censored data. This approach seeks to detect changes in the mean recovery time of cancer patients which usually follows Weibull lifetimes. The results are calculated using type I censored data under known and estimated parameter conditions. We combine the conditional expected value (CEV) and conditional median (CM) approaches, which are extensively used in statistical analysis to determine the central tendency of a dataset, to create an efficient control chart. The suggested chart's performance is assessed using the average run length (ARL), which evaluates how efficiently the chart can detect a change in the process mean. The CDEC chart is compared to existing control charts. A simulation study and a real-world data set related to cancer patients recovery time censored data is used for results illustration. The proposed CDEC control chart is developed for the data monitoring when complete information about the patients are not available. So, instead of doping the patients information we can used the proposed chart to monitor the patients information even if it is censored. The authors conclude that the suggested CDEC chart is more efficient than competitor control charts for monitoring cancer patients recovery time censored data. Overall, this study introduces an efficient new approach for cancer patients recovery time censored data, which might have significant effect on quality control and process improvement across a wide range of healthcare and medical studies.

Effect of toxoplasmosis on experimental schistosomiasis

One hundred and twenty Swiss albino mice were infected with avirulent strain of Toxoplasma gondii (Czechoslovakian strain) challenged with Schistosoma mansoni at different intervals of one week, one month, and two months. Worm load, egg count, oogram pattern and liver and spleen weight were assessed for each mouse. Toxoplasmosis induced a significant resistance to Schistosoma mansoni challenge infection as evidenced by the reduction in worm load, egg count and changes in oogram pattern. The mean liver weights of concomitantly infected mice was increased which was not significantly different from their corresponding Schistosoma infected controls but the increase in spleen weight was significant.

Power modified XLindley distribution: Statistical properties and applications

This research introduces a novel two-parameter distribution, the power-modified XLindley distribution, developed through the application of power transformation techniques to the existing modified XLindley distribution. This new distribution enhances flexibility and adaptability in statistical modeling. We conduct a thorough examination of its statistical properties, exploring its potential to improve data fitting and modeling accuracy. To assess the effectiveness of the model, we employ multiple estimation techniques and evaluate their performance through extensive simulation experiments. Our findings indicate that the maximum product of the spacings method is particularly effective for parameter estimation. To demonstrate the practical utility of the proposed model, we apply it to two real-world datasets: one related to flood data and the other to reliability engineering. The results underscore the distribution's superior ability to capture the characteristics of these datasets compared to existing models, highlighting its significance for applications in natural disaster analysis and reliability studies.

Sine π -power odd-G family of distributions with applications

This paper investigates a novel category of probability distributions and a specific member within this category. We have formulated a new family of trigonometric distributions by utilizing the odds ratio derived from the distribution function of a base distribution. This newly devised distribution family termed the "Sine pie-power odd-G family" of distributions, is constructed through a transformation involving the sine function. The paper presents an overview of the fundamental characteristics inherent to this proposed distribution family. Using the Weibull distribution as a base reference, we have introduced a member belonging to the proposed distribution family. This member demonstrates various hazard functions such as j, reverse-j, increasing, decreasing, or bathtub shapes. The paper examines essential statistical attributes of this newly introduced distribution. The estimation of the distribution's parameters is carried out via the maximum likelihood estimation method. The accuracy of the parameter estimation procedure is validated through Monte Carlo simulations. The outcomes of these simulations reveal a reduction in biases and mean square errors as sample sizes increase, even for small samples. Two sets of real-engineering data are considered to demonstrate the proposed distribution's applicability. The performance of the suggested distribution is evaluated using some model selection criteria and goodness-of-fit test statistics. Empirical evidence from these evaluations substantiates that the proposed model outperforms six existing models.

An enhanced nonparametric quality control chart with application related to industrial process

In various practical situations, the information about the process distribution is sometimes partially or completely unavailable. In these instances, practitioners prefer to use nonparametric charts as they don't restrict the assumption of normality or specific distribution. In this current article, a nonparametric double homogeneously weighted moving average control chart based on the Wilcoxon signed-rank statistic is developed for monitoring the location parameter of the process. The run-length profiles of the newly developed chart are obtained by using Monte Carlo simulations. Comparisons are made based on various performance metrics of run-length distribution among proposed and existing nonparametric counterparts charts. The extra quadratic loss is used to evaluate the overall performance of the proposed and existing charts. The newly developed scheme showed comparatively better results than its existing counterparts. For practical implementation of the suggested scheme, the real-world dataset related to the inside diameter of the automobile piston rings is also used.

Sero diagnosis of hydatid disease

Two serological test, double agar gel diffusion test (DD5T) and indirect haemagglutination test (IHAT) were performed for diagnosis of hydatid disease. Correlation of their results with eosinophilia were also made. DD5T gave higher sensitivity (100%) than IHAT which gave 95%. Out of the serologically positive patients, only 50% had eosinophilia. Sheep hydatid antigen was more potent than camel antigen. The supernatant lyophilized sheep antigen was the best antigen used.

A novel extension of half-logistic distribution with statistical inference, estimation and applications

In the present study, we develop and investigate the odd Frechet Half-Logistic (OFHL) distribution that was developed by incorporating the half-logistic and odd Frechet-G family. The OFHL model has very adaptable probability functions: decreasing, increasing, bathtub and inverted U shapes are shown for the hazard rate functions, illustrating the model's capacity for flexibility. A comprehensive account of the mathematical and statistical properties of the proposed model is presented. In estimation viewpoint, six distinct estimation methodologies are used to estimate the unknown parameters of the OFHL model. Furthermore, an extensive Monte Carlo simulation analysis is used to evaluate the effectiveness of these estimators. Finally, two applications to real data are used to demonstrate the versatility of the suggested method, and the comparison is made with the half-logistic and some of its well-known extensions. The actual implementation shows that the suggested model performs better than competing models.

Amputated life-testing based on extended Dagum percentiles for type of group inspection plans: optimal sample sizes, termination time ratios analysis

This paper introduces a novel approach to life-testing using Extended Dagum (EXD) percentiles within the framework of group inspection plans. The methodology focuses on optimizing sample sizes and analyzing termination time ratios to enhance the reliability of quality control procedures. By leveraging the flexibility of the EXD distribution, the proposed approach accurately models complex survival data, accommodating heavy-tailed characteristics often encountered in practice. The study presents a detailed analysis of optimal sample sizes and the critical termination time ratios that balance producer and consumer risks. Through comprehensive simulations and real applications, the paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in ensuring robust and efficient life-testing strategies, offering valuable insights for practitioners in industries such as manufacturing, engineering, and reliability analysis.