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Hassink SG, de Lancey E, Sheslow DV, Smith-Kirwin SM, O'Connor DM, Considine RV, Opentanova I, Dostal K, Spear ML, Leef K, Ash M, Spitzer AR, Funanage VL. Placental leptin: an important new growth factor in intrauterine and neonatal development? Pediatrics 1997; 100:E1. [PMID: 9200375 DOI: 10.1542/peds.100.1.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptin, the protein product of the ob gene, is produced by the adipocyte and seems to function as a link between adiposity, satiety, and activity. Leptin has also been found to be necessary for pubertal development, conception, and pregnancy in mice, and is increased in prepubertal children, independent of adiposity, suggesting a role in childhood growth and development. This study investigated 100 mother/newborn pairs to determine the role of leptin in neonatal development. Placental tissue was assayed for leptin mRNA to evaluate it as a source of leptin production in utero. METHODS One hundred mother/newborn pairs were enrolled in this study. Radioimmunoassay was performed for leptin on maternal venous and newborn cord blood. Leptin concentrations were measured in 43 children in Tanner stages 1 and 2 as a control group. Placental tissue was obtained from five mothers and assayed for leptin mRNA by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR). Human placental cell lines JAR and JEG-3 were also assayed for leptin mRNA expression. RESULTS Leptin was present in all newborns studied at a mean concentration of 8.8 ng/mL (+/-9.6 standard deviations). Leptin concentrations in cord blood correlated with newborn weight (r = .51), body mass index (BMI) (r = .48), and arm fat (r = .42). There was no correlation between leptin and insulin. When statistically covarying for adiposity for newborns and Tanner stages 1 and 2 children, newborns had greater concentrations of leptin (mean, 10.57 ng/mL) than children (mean, 3.04 ng/mL). Leptin was present in all mothers at a mean value of 28.8 ng/mL (+/-22.2 standard deviations). Leptin concentration correlated with prepregnancy BMI (r = .56), BMI at time of delivery (r = .74), and arm fat (r = .73). Maternal leptin correlated with serum insulin (r = .49). There was no correlation between maternal and newborn leptin concentrations. Thirteen percent of newborns had higher leptin concentrations than their mothers. Placental tissue from five separate placentas expressed leptin mRNA at comparable or greater levels than adipose tissue. Two human trophoblastic placental cell lines, JAR and JEG-3, also expressed leptin mRNA. CONCLUSIONS The correlation between leptin and adiposity found in children and adults was also found in newborns. Serum leptin concentrations in newborns were increased more than three-fold compared with children in Tanner stages 1 and 2 when controlling for adiposity, suggesting that leptin concentrations in the newborn are not explained by adiposity alone. Maternal leptin concentrations correlated with measures of adiposity at delivery but did not correlate with newborn adiposity or leptin. Leptin mRNA was expressed both in placental tissue and in two human placental cell lines. These data suggest that leptin has a role in intrauterine and neonatal development and that the placenta provides a source of leptin for the growing fetus.
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Clinical Trial |
28 |
164 |
2
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Mazzone E, De Sanctis R, Fanelli L, Bianco F, Main M, van den Hauwe M, Ash M, de Vries R, Fagoaga Mata J, Schaefer K, D'Amico A, Colia G, Palermo C, Scoto M, Mayhew A, Eagle M, Servais L, Vigo M, Febrer A, Korinthenberg R, Jeukens M, de Viesser M, Totoescu A, Voit T, Bushby K, Muntoni F, Goemans N, Bertini E, Pane M, Mercuri E. Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale and Motor Function Measure-20 in non ambulant SMA patients. Neuromuscul Disord 2014; 24:347-52. [PMID: 24491485 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this prospective longitudinal multi centric study was to evaluate the correlation between the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale and the 20 item version of the Motor Function Measure in non ambulant SMA children and adults at baseline and over a 12 month period. Seventy-four non-ambulant patients performed both measures at baseline and 49 also had an assessment 12 month later. At baseline the scores ranged between 0 and 40 on the Hammersmith Motor function Scale and between 3 and 45 on the Motor Function Measure 20. The correlation between the two scales was 0.733. The 12 month changes ranged between -11 and 4 for the Hammersmith and between -11 and 7 for the Motor Function Measure 20. The correlation between changes was 0.48. Our results suggest that both scales provide useful information although they appeared to work differently at the two extremes of the spectrum of abilities. The Hammersmith Motor Function Scale appeared to be more suitable in strong non ambulant patients, while the Motor Function Measures appeared to be more sensitive to capture activities and possible changes in the very weak patients, including more items capturing axial and upper limb activities. The choice of these measures in clinical trials should therefore depend on inclusion criteria and magnitude of expected changes.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
11 |
41 |
3
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Mazzone E, Bianco F, Main M, van den Hauwe M, Ash M, de Vries R, Fagoaga Mata J, Stein S, De Sanctis R, D'Amico A, Palermo C, Fanelli L, Scoto MC, Mayhew A, Eagle M, Vigo M, Febrer A, Korinthenberg R, de Visser M, Bushby K, Muntoni F, Goemans N, Sormani MP, Bertini E, Pane M, Mercuri E. Six minute walk test in type III spinal muscular atrophy: a 12month longitudinal study. Neuromuscul Disord 2013; 23:624-8. [PMID: 23809874 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our longitudinal multicentric study was to establish the changes on the 6min walk test (6MWT) in ambulant SMA type III children and adults over a 12month period. Thirty-eight ambulant type III patients performed the 6MWT at baseline and 12months after baseline. The distance covered in 6min ranged between 75 and 510m (mean 294.91, SD 127) at baseline and between 50 and 611m (mean 293.41m, SD 141) at 12months. The mean change in distance between baseline and 12months was -1.46 (SD 50.1; range: -183 to 131.8m). The changes were not correlated with age or baseline values (p>.05) even though younger patients reaching puberty, had a relatively higher risk of showing deterioration of more than 30m compared to older patients. Our findings provide the first longitudinal data using the 6MWT in ambulant SMA patients.
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Multicenter Study |
12 |
37 |
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Grumbach K, Ash M, Seago JA, Spetz J, Coffman J. Measuring shortages of hospital nurses: how do you know a hospital with a nursing shortage when you see one? Med Care Res Rev 2001; 58:387-403. [PMID: 11759196 DOI: 10.1177/107755870105800401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lack of clarity in definitions of shortages of hospital registered nurses may cause problems for effective policy making, particularly if different measures for identifying a nurse shortage lead to different conclusions about which hospitals and regions are experiencing a shortage. The authors compared different methods of identifying hospitals and regions with a shortage of registered nurses, including both relatively subjective measures (e.g., a hospital administrator's report of a nurse shortage) and more objective measures (e.g., number of registered nurses per inpatient year). Associations were strongest between self-reported shortage status and nursing vacancy rates and weaker for self-reported shortage status and registered nurses per inpatient year and overall regional supply of nurses. Different definitions of nursing shortage are not equally reliable in discriminating between hospitals and regions with and without nursing shortages. When faced with reports sounding an alarm about a hospital nursing shortage, policy makers should carefully consider the definition of shortage being used.
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5
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Ozer EA, Simons LM, Adewumi OM, Fowotade AA, Omoruyi EC, Adeniji JA, Olayinka OA, Dean TJ, Zayas J, Bhimalli PP, Ash MK, Maiga AI, Somboro AM, Maiga M, Godzik A, Schneider JR, Mamede JI, Taiwo BO, Hultquist JF, Lorenzo-Redondo R. Multiple expansions of globally uncommon SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Nigeria. Nat Commun 2022; 13:688. [PMID: 35115515 PMCID: PMC8813984 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Disparities in SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance have limited our understanding of the viral population dynamics and may delay identification of globally important variants. Despite being the most populated country in Africa, Nigeria has remained critically under sampled. Here, we report sequences from 378 SARS-CoV-2 isolates collected in Oyo State, Nigeria between July 2020 and August 2021. In early 2021, most isolates belonged to the Alpha "variant of concern" (VOC) or the Eta lineage. Eta outcompeted Alpha in Nigeria and across West Africa, persisting in the region even after expansion of an otherwise rare Delta sub-lineage. Spike protein from the Eta variant conferred increased infectivity and decreased neutralization by convalescent sera in vitro. Phylodynamic reconstructions suggest that Eta originated in West Africa before spreading globally and represented a VOC in early 2021. These results demonstrate a distinct distribution of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Nigeria, and emphasize the need for improved genomic surveillance worldwide.
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
3 |
22 |
6
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Melani RD, Des Soye BJ, Kafader JO, Forte E, Hollas M, Blagojevic V, Negrão F, McGee JP, Drown B, Lloyd-Jones C, Seckler HS, Camarillo JM, Compton PD, LeDuc RD, Early B, Fellers RT, Cho BK, Mattamana BB, Goo YA, Thomas PM, Ash MK, Bhimalli PP, Al-Harthi L, Sha BE, Schneider JR, Kelleher NL. Next-Generation Serology by Mass Spectrometry: Readout of the SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Repertoire. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:274-288. [PMID: 34878788 PMCID: PMC8673472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Methods of antibody detection are used to assess exposure or immunity to a pathogen. Here, we present Ig-MS, a novel serological readout that captures the immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoire at molecular resolution, including entire variable regions in Ig light and heavy chains. Ig-MS uses recent advances in protein mass spectrometry (MS) for multiparametric readout of antibodies, with new metrics like Ion Titer (IT) and Degree of Clonality (DoC) capturing the heterogeneity and relative abundance of individual clones without sequencing of B cells. We applied Ig-MS to plasma from subjects with severe and mild COVID-19 and immunized subjects after two vaccine doses, using the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 as the bait for antibody capture. Importantly, we report a new data type for human serology, that could use other antigens of interest to gauge immune responses to vaccination, pathogens, or autoimmune disorders.
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
3 |
21 |
7
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51 |
18 |
8
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Ash MK, Bhimalli PP, Cho BK, Mattamana BB, Gambut S, Tarhoni I, Fhied CL, Reyes AF, Welninski SJ, Arivalagan J, Negrão F, Goel R, Beck TL, Hope TJ, Sha BE, Goo YA, Al-Harthi L, Mamede JI, Borgia JA, Kelleher NL, Schneider JR. Bulk IgG glycosylation predicts COVID-19 severity and vaccine antibody response. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111799. [PMID: 36493786 PMCID: PMC9678812 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although vaccination efforts have expanded, there are still gaps in our understanding surrounding the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Measuring IgG Fc glycosylation provides insight into an infected individual's inflammatory state, among other functions. We set out to interrogate bulk IgG glycosylation changes from SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination, using plasma from mild or hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and from vaccinated individuals. Inflammatory glycans are elevated in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and increase over time, while mild patients have anti-inflammatory glycans that increase over time, including increased sialic acid correlating with RBD antibody levels. Vaccinated individuals with low RBD antibody levels and low neutralization have the same IgG glycan traits as hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In addition, a small vaccinated cohort reveals a decrease in inflammatory glycans associated with peak IgG concentrations and neutralization. This report characterizes the bulk IgG glycome associated with COVID-19 severity and vaccine responsiveness and can help guide future studies into SARS-CoV-2 protective immunity.
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research-article |
3 |
17 |
9
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Ozer EA, Simons LM, Adewumi OM, Fowotade AA, Omoruyi EC, Adeniji JA, Dean TJ, Zayas J, Bhimalli PP, Ash MK, Godzik A, Schneider JR, Mamede JI, Taiwo BO, Hultquist JF, Lorenzo-Redondo R. Coincident rapid expansion of two SARS-CoV-2 lineages with enhanced infectivity in Nigeria. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021:2021.04.09.21255206. [PMID: 33880483 PMCID: PMC8057251 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.09.21255206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants with enhanced transmissibility or decreased susceptibility to immune responses is a major threat to global efforts to end the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Disparities in viral genomic surveillance capabilities and efforts have resulted in gaps in our understanding of the viral population dynamics across the globe. Nigeria, despite having the largest population of any nation in Africa, has had relatively little SARS-CoV-2 sequence data made publicly available. Here we report the whole-genome sequences of 74 SARS-CoV-2 isolates collected from individuals in Oyo State, Nigeria in January 2021. Most isolates belonged to either the B.1.1.7 Alpha "variant of concern" or the B.1.525 Eta lineage, which is currently considered a "variant of interest" containing multiple spike protein mutations previously associated with enhanced transmissibility and possible immune escape. Nigeria has the highest reported frequency of the B.1.525 lineage globally with phylogenetic characteristics consistent with a recent monophyletic origin and rapid expansion. Spike protein from the B.1.525 lineage displayed both increased infectivity and decreased neutralization by convalescent sera compared to Spike proteins from other clades. These results, along with indications that the virus is outpacing the B.1.1.7 lineage in Nigeria, suggest that the B.1.525 lineage represents another "variant of concern" and further underline the importance of genomic surveillance in undersampled regions across the globe.
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Preprint |
4 |
17 |
10
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Xu L, Ash M, Abdel-aleem S, Lowe JE, Badr M. Hyperinsulinemia inhibits hepatic peroxisomal beta-oxidation in rats. Horm Metab Res 1995; 27:76-8. [PMID: 7759061 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Studies show that insulin deficiency enhances peroxisomal enzyme activities. It is not known, however, whether hyperinsulinemia exerts the opposite effect on peroxisomes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were infused with normal saline, glucose or galactose for 7 days. Only glucose caused an increase in serum insulin levels. The increase in insulin secretion, in response to glucose, was blocked with diazoxide. Data show an inverse relationship between serum insulin levels and hepatic peroxisomal beta-oxidation (r2 = 0.90, p < 0.01). While hyperinsulinemic rats had diminished peroxisomal beta-oxidation, lowering serum insulin restored peroxisomal enzyme activity to normal levels. These effects were independent of blood glucose levels (r2 = 0.35). In addition to decreasing peroxisomal beta-oxidation, hyperinsulinemia was accompanied by accelerated animal mortality, an effect which was also prevented by lowering serum insulin levels. Peroxisomal deficit may be a potentially lethal consequence of hyperinsulinemia.
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30 |
15 |
11
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53 |
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12
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Tallgren A, Christiansen RL, Ash M, Miller RL. Effects of a myofunctional appliance on orofacial muscle activity and structures. Angle Orthod 1998; 68:249-58. [PMID: 9622762 DOI: 10.1043/0003-3219(1998)068<0249:eoamao>2.3.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of an oral shield treatment on orofacial muscle activity and facial morphology in children with lip and/or tongue dysfunction. The sample consisted of 7 girls and 2 boys, 7 to 12 years old. EMG recordings with and without the shield in situ were obtained when the shield was placed, and 3, 6, and 12 months later. Lateral cephalograms were obtained at the initial and 1-year stages. The lip muscles showed dominant activity when the subjects were sucking on an empty straw and during swallowing; this was strongest during the first 3 months. The mentalis, buccinator, and digastric muscles generally showed weaker activity. The anterior temporal muscle showed dominant activity during maximal clench, but after the 3-month stage a significant decrease was noted. After 1 year of treatment, no significant changes in overjet or overbite were observed. Most of the craniofacial growth changes were normal for the age group. The results indicate that treatment with an oral shield caused a decrease in orofacial muscle activity during oral functions. Although there was a slight average retraction of the maxillary incisors, the change in position was not statistically significant.
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13
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Demetriou NA, Ramfjord SP, Ash M. Keratinization related to premitotic labeling and inflammation of gingiva and alveolar mucosa in rhesus monkeys. J Periodontol 1971; 42:338-40. [PMID: 4996664 DOI: 10.1902/jop.1971.42.6.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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54 |
5 |
14
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Case Reports |
37 |
1 |
15
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Hughes D, Dailianis A, Ash M. Comparison of Modified TECRA Visual Immunoassay with AOAC Method 989.14 and Reference Culture Methods 967.25–967.28 for Detection of Salmonella in Foods and Related Samples. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/79.6.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A validation study was conducted to compare a new modified version of the TECRA Salmonella Visual Immunoassay (Mod. VIA) with the original immunoassay (AOAC Method 989.14) and the reference culture methods (967.25–967.28). The Mod. VIA was supplemented with polyclonal antibodies to Salmonella pullorum and S. galllnarum, and compared favorably with AOAC Method 989.14 in sensitivity, inclusivity, and exclusivity studies. The ability of the Mod. VIA to recover Salmonella from artificially contaminated samples was not significantly different from that of the reference method. It is recommended that the Mod. VIA be adopted as Official First Action.
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16
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Knight MT, Newman MC, Benzinger MJ, Agin JR, Ash M, Sims P, Hughes D. TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA) for detection of Listeria in foods: collaborative study. J AOAC Int 1996; 79:1083-94. [PMID: 8823917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A collaborative study involving 26 laboratories and 5 food types was performed to compare the TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA) with standard culture methods. Three foods (lettuce, ice cream, and fish fillets), under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and 2 foods (cooked chicken and cooked ground turkey), under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, were used to determine the effectiveness of the TLVIA. Of the 900 samples tested, 300 were inoculated with low levels (1-5 cells/25 g) of Listeria spp. and 300 were inoculated with high levels of Listeria spp. (10-50 cells/25 g). Method agreement between the conventional culture methods and TLVIA (visual) was 94.7%. Method agreement between the conventional culture methods and TLVIA (reader) was 93.6%. The colorimetric polyclonal enzyme immunoassay (TLVIA) for detection of Listeria in foods has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Multicenter Study |
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17
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Ash M. [Freedom in centric. A practical occlusion concept]. PHILLIP JOURNAL FUR RESTAURATIVE ZAHNMEDIZIN 1987; 4:7-14. [PMID: 3037597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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38 |
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18
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Ash M. Freud on feminine identity and female sexuality. Psychiatry 1971; 34:322-7. [PMID: 5571705 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.1971.11023678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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54 |
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19
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Narasipura SD, Zayas JP, Ash MK, Reyes A, Shull T, Gambut S, Schneider JR, Lorenzo-Redondo R, Al-Harthi L, Mamede JI. HIV-1 infection promotes neuroinflammation and neuron pathogenesis in novel microglia-containing cerebral organoids. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.13.598579. [PMID: 38915632 PMCID: PMC11195220 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.598579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral organoids (COs) are a valuable tool to study the intricate interplay between glial cells and neurons in brain development and disease, including HIV-associated neuroinflammation. We developed a novel approach to generate microglia containing COs (CO-iMs) by co-culturing hematopoietic progenitors and induced pluripotent stem cells. This approach allowed for the differentiation of microglia within the organoids concomitantly to the neuronal progenitors. CO- iMs exhibited higher efficiency in generation of CD45 + /CD11b + /Iba-1 + microglia cells compared to conventional COs with physiologically relevant proportion of microglia (∼7%). CO-iMs exhibited substantially higher expression of microglial homeostatic and sensome markers as well as markers for the complement cascade. CO-iMs showed susceptibility to HIV infection resulting in a significant increase in several pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and compromised neuronal function, which were abrogated by addition of antiretrovirals. Thus, CO-iM is a robust model to decipher neuropathogenesis, neurological disorders, and viral infections of brain cells in a 3D culture system.
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Preprint |
1 |
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20
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Melani RD, Soye BJD, Kafader JO, Forte E, Hollas M, Blagojevic V, Negrão F, McGee JP, Drown B, Lloyd-Jones C, Seckler HS, Camarillo JM, Compton PD, LeDuc RD, Early B, Fellers RT, Cho BK, Mattamana BB, Goo YA, Thomas PM, Ash MK, Bhimalli PP, Al-Harthi L, Sha BE, Schneider JR, Kelleher NL. Next-generation Serology by Mass Spectrometry: Readout of the SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Repertoire. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [PMID: 34268518 DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.06.21259226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Methods of antibody detection are used to assess exposure or immunity to a pathogen. Here, we present Ig-MS , a novel serological readout that captures the immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoire at molecular resolution, including entire variable regions in Ig light and heavy chains. Ig-MS uses recent advances in protein mass spectrometry (MS) for multi-parametric readout of antibodies, with new metrics like Ion Titer (IT) and Degree of Clonality (DoC) capturing the heterogeneity and relative abundance of individual clones without sequencing of B cells. We apply Ig-MS to plasma from subjects with severe & mild COVID-19, using the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 as the bait for antibody capture. Importantly, we report a new data type for human serology, with compatibility to any recombinant antigen to gauge our immune responses to vaccination, pathogens, or autoimmune disorders.
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Preprint |
4 |
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21
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Ash M. Tricyclic antidepressants. JAMA 1979; 242:511. [PMID: 448973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Letter |
46 |
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22
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Ash M. Occlusion as taught at the University of Michigan. J Dent Educ 1969; 33:83-8. [PMID: 5249611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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56 |
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23
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Narasipura SD, Zayas JP, Ash MK, Reyes AF, Shull T, Gambut S, Szczerkowski JLA, McKee C, Schneider JR, Lorenzo-Redondo R, Al-Harthi L, Mamede JI. Inflammatory responses revealed through HIV infection of microglia-containing cerebral organoids. J Neuroinflammation 2025; 22:36. [PMID: 39930449 PMCID: PMC11808982 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-025-03353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Cerebral organoids (COs) are valuable tools for studying the intricate interplay between glial cells and neurons in brain development and disease, including HIV-associated neuroinflammation. We developed a novel approach to generate microglia containing COs (CO-iMs) by co-culturing hematopoietic progenitors and inducing pluripotent stem cells. This approach allowed for the differentiation of microglia within the organoids concomitantly with the neuronal progenitors. Compared with conventional COs, CO-iMs were more efficient at generating CD45+/CD11b+/Iba-1+ microglia and presented a physiologically relevant proportion of microglia (~ 7%). CO-iMs presented substantially increased expression of microglial homeostatic and sensome markers as well as markers for the complement cascade. CO-iMs are susceptible to HIV infection, resulting in a significant increase in several pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, which are abrogated by the addition of antiretrovirals. Thus, CO-iM is a robust model for deciphering neuropathogenesis, neuroinflammation, and viral infections of brain cells in a 3D culture system.
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research-article |
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24
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Ash M, Ash CM, Ash JL, Ash GM. [Temporomandibular joint and hearing therapy. Limits of therapy]. PHILLIP JOURNAL 1991; 8:287-90. [PMID: 1668030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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34 |
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Seago JA, Ash M, Spetz J, Coffman J, Grumbach K. Hospital registered nurse shortages: environmental, patient, and institutional predictors. Health Serv Res 2001; 36:831-52. [PMID: 11666106 PMCID: PMC1089263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the characteristics of acute-care hospitals that report registered nurse shortages when a widespread shortage exists and when a widespread shortage is no longer evident. DATA SOURCE Secondary data from the American Hospital Association's Nursing Personnel Survey from 1990 and 1992 were used. The study population was all acute-care hospitals in the United States. STUDY DESIGN Outcome variables included whether a hospital experienced a shortage in 1990, when many hospitals reported a nursing shortage, or whether a hospital reported a shortage in both 1990 and 1992. Predictor variables included environmental, patient, and institutional characteristics. Associations between predictor and outcome variables were investigated using probit analyses. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Location in the South, a high percentage of nonwhite county residents, a high percentage of patients with Medicaid or Medicare as payer, a higher patient acuity, and use of team or functional nursing care delivery consistently predicted hospitals reporting shortages both when there was a widespread shortage and when there was no widespread shortage. CONCLUSIONS Although some characteristics under the direct control of hospitals, such as nursing care delivery model, are associated with their reporting a shortage of nurses, shortage is also strongly associated with broader population characteristics such as minority communities and a public insurance payer mix. Awareness of these broader factors may help inform policies to improve the distribution of nurse supply.
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