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Yuki Y, Kurokawa S, Sugiura K, Kashima K, Maruyama S, Yamanoue T, Honma A, Mejima M, Takeyama N, Kuroda M, Kozuka-Hata H, Oyama M, Masumura T, Nakahashi-Ouchida R, Fujihashi K, Hiraizumi T, Goto E, Kiyono H. MucoRice-CTB line 19A, a new marker-free transgenic rice-based cholera vaccine produced in an LED-based hydroponic system. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1342662. [PMID: 38559768 PMCID: PMC10978600 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1342662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We previously established the selection-marker-free rice-based oral cholera vaccine (MucoRice-CTB) line 51A for human use by Agrobacterium-mediated co-transformation and conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase I trial in Japan and the United States. Although MucoRice-CTB 51A was acceptably safe and well tolerated by healthy Japanese and U.S. subjects and induced CTB-specific antibodies neutralizing cholera toxin secreted by Vibrio cholerae, we were limited to a 6-g cohort in the U.S. trial because of insufficient production of MucoRice-CTB. Since MucoRice-CTB 51A did not grow in sunlight, we re-examined the previously established marker-free lines and selected MucoRice-CTB line 19A. Southern blot analysis of line 19A showed a single copy of the CTB gene. We resequenced the whole genome and detected the transgene in an intergenic region in chromosome 1. After establishing a master seed bank of MucoRice-CTB line 19A, we established a hydroponic production facility with LED lighting to reduce electricity consumption and to increase production capacity for clinical trials. Shotgun MS/MS proteomics analysis of MucoRice-CTB 19A showed low levels of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor-like proteins (major rice allergens), which was consistent with the data for line 51A. We also demonstrated that MucoRice-CTB 19A had high oral immunogenicity and induced protective immunity against cholera toxin challenge in mice. These results indicate that MucoRice-CTB 19A is a suitable oral cholera vaccine candidate for Phase I and II clinical trials in humans, including a V. cholerae challenge study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- R&D department, HanaVax Inc., Chiba, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotomi Sugiura
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Kashima
- Technical Research Institute, Asahi Kogyosha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Maruyama
- Technical Research Institute, Asahi Kogyosha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yamanoue
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayaka Honma
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Takeyama
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Department, Nisseiken Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- Division of Genome Editing Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kozuka-Hata
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oyama
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Masumura
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rika Nakahashi-Ouchida
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Future Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development Synergy Institute, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Fujihashi
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Future Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development Synergy Institute, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Takashi Hiraizumi
- Technical Research Institute, Asahi Kogyosha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Goto
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- R&D department, HanaVax Inc., Chiba, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Mucosal Immunology and Allergy Therapeutics, Institute for Global Prominent Research, Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University Future Medicine Education and Research Organization, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- CU-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccine (cMAV), Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Yuki Y, Nojima M, Hosono O, Tanaka H, Kimura Y, Satoh T, Imoto S, Uematsu S, Kurokawa S, Kashima K, Mejima M, Nakahashi-Ouchida R, Uchida Y, Marui T, Yoshikawa N, Nagamura F, Fujihashi K, Kiyono H. Oral MucoRice-CTB vaccine for safety and microbiota-dependent immunogenicity in humans: a phase 1 randomised trial. The Lancet Microbe 2021; 2:e429-e440. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(20)30196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Azegami T, Yuki Y, Sawada S, Mejima M, Ishige K, Akiyoshi K, Itoh H, Kiyono H. Nanogel-based nasal ghrelin vaccine prevents obesity. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:1351-1360. [PMID: 28120848 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with multiple comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases and has a huge economic impact on the health-care system. However, the treatment of obesity remains insufficient in terms of efficacy, tolerability, and safety. Here we created a nasal vaccine against obesity for the first time. To avoid the injectable administration-caused pain and skin-related adverse event, we focused on the intranasal route of antigen delivery. We developed a vaccine antigen (ghrelin-PspA (pneumococcal surface protein A)), which is a recombinant fusion protein incorporating ghrelin, a hormone that stimulates food intake and decreases energy expenditure, and PspA, a candidate of pneumococcal vaccine as a carrier protein. Ghrelin-PspA antigen was mixed with cyclic di-GMP adjuvant to enhance the immunogenicity and incorporated within a nanometer-sized hydrogel for the effective antigen delivery. Intranasal immunization with ghrelin-PspA vaccine elicited serum immunoglobulin G antibodies against ghrelin and attenuated body weight gain in diet-induced obesity mice. This obesity-attenuating effect was caused by a decrease in fat accumulation and an increase in energy expenditure that was partially due to an increase in the expression of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue. The development of this nasal vaccine provides a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Azegami
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Sawada
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), The Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Katura Int' Tech Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Mejima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Ishige
- Biochemicals Division, Yamasa Corporation, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), The Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Katura Int' Tech Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yuki Y, Kurokawa S, Kozuka-Hata H, Tokuhara D, Mejima M, Kuroda M, Oyama M, Nishimaki-Mogami T, Teshima R, Kiyono H. Differential analyses of major allergen proteins in wild-type rice and rice producing a fragment of anti-rotavirus antibody. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 76:128-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kashima K, Yuki Y, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Suzuki Y, Minakawa S, Takeyama N, Fukuyama Y, Azegami T, Tanimoto T, Kuroda M, Tamura M, Gomi Y, Kiyono H. Good manufacturing practices production of a purification-free oral cholera vaccine expressed in transgenic rice plants. Plant Cell Rep 2016; 35:667-79. [PMID: 26661780 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1911-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The first Good Manufacturing Practices production of a purification-free rice-based oral cholera vaccine (MucoRice-CTB) from transgenic plants in a closed cultivation system yielded a product meeting regulatory requirements. Despite our knowledge of their advantages, plant-based vaccines remain unavailable for human use in both developing and industrialized countries. A leading, practical obstacle to their widespread use is producing plant-based vaccines that meet governmental regulatory requirements. Here, we report the first production according to current Good Manufacturing Practices of a rice-based vaccine, the cholera vaccine MucoRice-CTB, at an academic institution. To this end, we established specifications and methods for the master seed bank (MSB) of MucoRice-CTB, which was previously generated as a selection-marker-free line, evaluated its propagation, and given that the stored seeds must be renewed periodically. The production of MucoRice-CTB incorporated a closed hydroponic system for cultivating the transgenic plants, to minimize variations in expression and quality during vaccine manufacture. This type of molecular farming factory can be operated year-round, generating three harvests annually, and is cost- and production-effective. Rice was polished to a ratio of 95 % and then powdered to produce the MucoRice-CTB drug substance, and the identity, potency, and safety of the MucoRice-CTB product met pre-established release requirements. The formulation of MucoRice-CTB made by fine-powdering of drug substance and packaged in an aluminum pouch is being evaluated in a physician-initiated phase I study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kashima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Engineering Headquarters, Asahi Kogyosha Co., Ltd., 3-13-12, Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0073, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Mio Mejima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Seto Center, Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, 4-1-70, Seto-Cho, Kanonji, Kagawa, 768-0065, Japan
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Seto Center, Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, 4-1-70, Seto-Cho, Kanonji, Kagawa, 768-0065, Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Seto Center, Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, 4-1-70, Seto-Cho, Kanonji, Kagawa, 768-0065, Japan
| | - Satomi Minakawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Seto Center, Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, 4-1-70, Seto-Cho, Kanonji, Kagawa, 768-0065, Japan
| | - Natsumi Takeyama
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Research Department, Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1, Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo, 198-0024, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Fukuyama
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Azegami
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanimoto
- Seto Center, Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, 4-1-70, Seto-Cho, Kanonji, Kagawa, 768-0065, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- Crop Development Division, NARO Agriculture Research Center, 1-2-1, Inada, Joetsu-shi, Niigata, 943-0193, Japan
| | - Minoru Tamura
- Engineering Headquarters, Asahi Kogyosha Co., Ltd., 3-13-12, Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0073, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Gomi
- Seto Center, Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, 4-1-70, Seto-Cho, Kanonji, Kagawa, 768-0065, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
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Takeyama N, Yuki Y, Tokuhara D, Oroku K, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Kuroda M, Kodama T, Nagai S, Ueda S, Kiyono H. Oral rice-based vaccine induces passive and active immunity against enterotoxigenic E. coli-mediated diarrhea in pigs. Vaccine 2015; 33:5204-11. [PMID: 26254309 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes severe diarrhea in both neonatal and weaned pigs. Because the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) has a high level of amino acid identity to the ETEC heat-labile toxin (LT) B-subunit (LTB), we selected MucoRice-CTB as a vaccine candidate against ETEC-induced pig diarrhea. When pregnant sows were orally immunized with MucoRice-CTB, increased amounts of antigen-specific IgG and IgA were produced in their sera. CTB-specific IgG was secreted in the colostrum and transferred passively to the sera of suckling piglets. IgA antibodies in the colostrum and milk remained high with a booster dose after farrowing. Additionally, when weaned minipigs were orally immunized with MucoRice-CTB, production of CTB-specific intestinal SIgA, as well as systemic IgG and IgA, was induced. To evaluate the cross-protective effect of MucoRice-CTB against ETEC diarrhea, intestinal loop assay with ETEC was conducted. The fluid volume accumulated in the loops of minipigs immunized with MucoRice-CTB was significantly lower than that in control minipigs, indicating that MucoRice-CTB-induced cross-reactive immunity could protect weaned pigs from diarrhea caused by ETEC. MucoRice-CTB could be a candidate oral vaccine for inducing both passive and active immunity to protect both suckling and weaned piglets from ETEC diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Takeyama
- Research Department, Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Japan; Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Tokuhara
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazuki Oroku
- Research Department, Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- Rice Physiology Research Team, National Agriculture Research Center, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kodama
- Research Department, Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Japan
| | - Shinya Nagai
- Research Department, Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Japan; Nisseiken Co. Ltd., Japan
| | - Susumu Ueda
- Research Department, Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan; International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Kashima K, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Kuroda M, Kiyono H, Yuki Y. Comparative whole-genome analyses of selection marker-free rice-based cholera toxin B-subunit vaccine lines and wild-type lines. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:48. [PMID: 25653106 PMCID: PMC4320824 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have developed a rice-based oral cholera vaccine named MucoRice-CTB (Cholera Toxin B-subunit) by using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens–mediated co-transformation system. To assess the genome-wide effects of this system on the rice genome, we compared the genomes of three selection marker–free MucoRice-CTB lines with those of two wild-type rice lines (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare). Mutation profiles of the transgenic and wild-type genomes were examined by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Results Using paired-end short-read sequencing, a total of more than 300 million reads for each line were obtained and mapped onto the rice reference genome. The number and distribution of variants were similar in all five lines: the numbers of line-specific variants ranged from 524 to 842 and corresponding mutation rates ranged from 1.41 × 10−6 per site to 2.28 × 10−6 per site. The frequency of guanine-to-thymine and cytosine-to-adenine transversions was higher in MucoRice-CTB lines than in WT lines. The transition-to-transversion ratio was 1.12 in MucoRice-CTB lines and 1.65 in WT lines. Analysis of variant-sharing profiles showed that the variants common to all five lines were the most abundant, and the numbers of line-specific variant for all lines were similar. The numbers of non-synonymous amino acid substitutions in MucoRice-CTB lines (15 to 21) were slightly higher than those in WT lines (7 or 8), whereas the numbers of frame shifts were similar in all five lines. Conclusions We conclude that MucoRice-CTB and WT are almost identical at the genomic level and that genome-wide effects caused by the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for marker-free MucoRice-CTB lines were slight. The comparative whole-genome analyses between MucoRice-CTB and WT lines using NGS provides a reliable estimate of genome-wide differences. A similar approach may be applicable to other transgenic rice plants generated by using this Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1285-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kashima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Asahi Kogyosha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mio Mejima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- Crop Development Division, NARO Agriculture Research Center, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Tokuhara D, Nochi T, Matsumura A, Mejima M, Takahashi Y, Kurokawa S, Kiyono H, Yuki Y. Specific expression of apolipoprotein A-IV in the follicle-associated epithelium of the small intestine. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59:2682-92. [PMID: 24838500 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3203-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peyer's patches (PPs), which are covered by specialized follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) including M cells, play a central role in immune induction in the gastrointestinal tract. This study is to investigate a new molecule to characterize PPs. METHODS We generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb 10-15-3-3) that specifically reacts to the epithelium of PPs and isolated lymphoid follicles. Target antigen was analyzed by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. Localization and expression of target antigen were evaluated by immunofluorescence, in situ hybridization and real-time PCR. RESULTS Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry revealed that mAb 10-15-3-3 recognized apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV), a well-known lipid transporter; this finding was confirmed by the specific reactivity of mAb 10-15-3-3 to cells transfected with the murine ApoA-IV gene. Immunofluorescence using mAb 10-15-3-3 showed intestinal localization of ApoA-IV, in which strong expression of the ApoA-IV protein occurred throughout the entire intestinal epithelium during developing period before weaning but was restricted to the FAE in adult mice. In support of these findings, in situ hybridization showed strong expression of the ApoA-IV gene throughout the entire intestinal epithelium during developing period before weaning, but this expression was restricted to the FAE predominantly and the tips of villi to a lesser extent in adult mice. Deficiency of ApoA-IV had no effect on the organogenesis of PP in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our current results reveal ApoA-IV as a novel FAE-specific marker especially in the upper small intestine of adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tokuhara
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
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Abe M, Yuki Y, Kurokawa S, Mejima M, Kuroda M, Park EJ, Scheller J, Nakanishi U, Kiyono H. A rice-based soluble form of a murine TNF-specific llama variable domain of heavy-chain antibody suppresses collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J Biotechnol 2014; 175:45-52. [PMID: 24548461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) plays a pivotal role in chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Although anti-TNF antibody therapy is now commonly used to treat patients suffering from these inflammatory conditions, the cost of treatment continues to be a concern. Here, we developed a rice transgenic system for the production of a llama variable domain of a heavy-chain antibody fragment (VHH) specific for mouse TNF in rice seeds (MucoRice-mTNF-VHH). MucoRice-mTNF-VHH was produced at high levels in the rice seeds when we used our most recent transgene-overexpression system with RNA interference technology that suppresses the production of major rice endogenous storage proteins while enhancing the expression of the transgene-derived protein. Production levels of mTNF-VHH in rice seeds reached an average of 1.45% (w/w). Further, approximately 91% of mTNF-VHH was released easily when the powder form of MucoRice-mTNF-VHH was mixed with PBS. mTNF-VHH purified by means of single-step gel filtration from rice PBS extract showed high neutralizing activity in an in vitro mTNF cytotoxicity assay using WEHI164 cells. In addition, purified mTNF-VHH suppressed progression of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. These results show that this rice-expression system is useful for the production of neutralizing VHH antibody specific for mTNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Abe
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; MG Pharma Inc., 7-7-25, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- Crop Development Division, NARO Agriculture Research Center, 1-2-1, Inada, Joetsu, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eun Jeong Park
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | | | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Kurokawa S, Kuroda M, Mejima M, Nakamura R, Takahashi Y, Sagara H, Takeyama N, Satoh S, Kiyono H, Teshima R, Masumura T, Yuki Y. RNAi-mediated suppression of endogenous storage proteins leads to a change in localization of overexpressed cholera toxin B-subunit and the allergen protein RAG2 in rice seeds. Plant Cell Rep 2014; 33:75-87. [PMID: 24085308 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RNAi-mediated suppression of the endogenous storage proteins in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi seeds affects not only the levels of overexpressed CTB and RAG2 allergen, but also the localization of CTB and RAG2. A purification-free rice-based oral cholera vaccine (MucoRice-CTB) was previously developed by our laboratories using a cholera toxin B-subunit (CTB) overexpression system. Recently, an advanced version of MucoRice-CTB was developed (MucoRice-CTB-RNAi) through the use of RNAi to suppress the production of the endogenous storage proteins 13-kDa prolamin and glutelin, so as to increase CTB expression. The level of the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor-like protein RAG2 (a major rice allergen) was reduced in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi seeds in comparison with wild-type (WT) rice. To investigate whether RNAi-mediated suppression of storage proteins affects the localization of overexpressed CTB and major rice allergens, we generated an RNAi line without CTB (MucoRice-RNAi) and investigated gene expression, and protein production and localization of two storage proteins, CTB, and five major allergens in MucoRice-CTB, MucoRice-CTB-RNAi, MucoRice-RNAi, and WT rice. In all lines, glyoxalase I was detected in the cytoplasm, and 52- and 63-kDa globulin-like proteins were found in the aleurone particles. In WT, RAG2 and 19-kDa globulin were localized mainly in protein bodies II (PB-II) of the endosperm cells. Knockdown of glutelin A led to a partial destruction of PB-II and was accompanied by RAG2 relocation to the plasma membrane/cell wall and cytoplasm. In MucoRice-CTB, CTB was localized in the cytoplasm and PB-II. In MucoRice-CTB-RNAi, CTB was produced at a level six times that in MucoRice-CTB and was localized, similar to RAG2, in the plasma membrane/cell wall and cytoplasm. Our findings indicate that the relocation of CTB in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi may contribute to down-regulation of RAG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
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11
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Yuki Y, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Hiroiwa T, Takahashi Y, Tokuhara D, Nochi T, Katakai Y, Kuroda M, Takeyama N, Kashima K, Abe M, Chen Y, Nakanishi U, Masumura T, Takeuchi Y, Kozuka-Hata H, Shibata H, Oyama M, Tanaka K, Kiyono H. Induction of toxin-specific neutralizing immunity by molecularly uniform rice-based oral cholera toxin B subunit vaccine without plant-associated sugar modification. Plant Biotechnol J 2013; 11:799-808. [PMID: 23601492 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants have been used as expression systems for a number of vaccines. However, the expression of vaccines in plants sometimes results in unexpected modification of the vaccines by N-terminal blocking and sugar-chain attachment. Although MucoRice-CTB was thought to be the first cold-chain-free and unpurified oral vaccine, the molecular heterogeneity of MucoRice-CTB, together with plant-based sugar modifications of the CTB protein, has made it difficult to assess immunological activity of vaccine and yield from rice seed. Using a T-DNA vector driven by a prolamin promoter and a signal peptide added to an overexpression vaccine cassette, we established MucoRice-CTB/Q as a new generation oral cholera vaccine for humans use. We confirmed that MucoRice-CTB/Q produces a single CTB monomer with an Asn to Gln substitution at the 4th glycosylation position. The complete amino acid sequence of MucoRice-CTB/Q was determined by MS/MS analysis and the exact amount of expressed CTB was determined by SDS-PAGE densitometric analysis to be an average of 2.35 mg of CTB/g of seed. To compare the immunogenicity of MucoRice-CTB/Q, which has no plant-based glycosylation modifications, with that of the original MucoRice-CTB/N, which is modified with a plant N-glycan, we orally immunized mice and macaques with the two preparations. Similar levels of CTB-specific systemic IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies with toxin-neutralizing activity were induced in mice and macaques orally immunized with MucoRice-CTB/Q or MucoRice-CTB/N. These results show that the molecular uniformed MucoRice-CTB/Q vaccine without plant N-glycan has potential as a safe and efficacious oral vaccine candidate for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Tokuhara D, Álvarez B, Mejima M, Hiroiwa T, Takahashi Y, Kurokawa S, Kuroda M, Oyama M, Kozuka-Hata H, Nochi T, Sagara H, Aladin F, Marcotte H, Frenken LGJ, Iturriza-Gómara M, Kiyono H, Hammarström L, Yuki Y. Rice-based oral antibody fragment prophylaxis and therapy against rotavirus infection. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:3829-38. [PMID: 23925294 DOI: 10.1172/jci70266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus-induced diarrhea is a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals and in children in developing countries. We have developed a system for prophylaxis and therapy against rotavirus disease using transgenic rice expressing the neutralizing variable domain of a rotavirus-specific llama heavy-chain antibody fragment (MucoRice-ARP1). MucoRice-ARP1 was produced at high levels in rice seeds using an overexpression system and RNAi technology to suppress the production of major rice endogenous storage proteins. Orally administered MucoRice-ARP1 markedly decreased the viral load in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. The antibody retained in vitro neutralizing activity after long-term storage (>1 yr) and boiling and conferred protection in mice even after heat treatment at 94°C for 30 minutes. High-yield, water-soluble, and purification-free MucoRice-ARP1 thus forms the basis for orally administered prophylaxis and therapy against rotavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tokuhara
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Kurokawa S, Nakamura R, Mejima M, Kozuka-Hata H, Kuroda M, Takeyama N, Oyama M, Satoh S, Kiyono H, Masumura T, Teshima R, Yuki Y. MucoRice-cholera toxin B-subunit, a rice-based oral cholera vaccine, down-regulates the expression of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor-like protein family as major rice allergens. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:3372-82. [PMID: 23763241 DOI: 10.1021/pr4002146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To develop a cold chain- and needle/syringe-free rice-based cholera vaccine (MucoRice-CTB) for human use, we previously advanced the MucoRice system by introducing antisense genes specific for endogenous rice storage proteins and produced a molecularly uniform, human-applicable, high-yield MucoRice-CTB devoid of plant-associated sugar. To maintain the cold chain-free property of this vaccine for clinical application, we wanted to use a polished rice powder preparation of MucoRice-CTB without further purification but wondered whether this might cause an unexpected increase in rice allergen protein expression levels in MucoRice-CTB and prompt safety concerns. Therefore, we used two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis and shotgun MS/MS proteomics to compare rice allergen protein expression levels in MucoRice-CTB and wild-type (WT) rice. Both proteomics analyses showed that the only notable change in the expression levels of rice allergen protein in MucoRice-CTB, compared with those in WT rice, was a decrease in the expression levels of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor-like protein family such as the seed allergen protein RAG2. Real-time PCR analysis showed mRNA of RAG2 reduced in MucoRice-CTB seed. These results demonstrate that no known rice allergens appear to be up-reregulated by genetic modification of MucoRice-CTB, suggesting that MucoRice-CTB has potential as a safe oral cholera vaccine for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Kurokawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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14
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Yuki Y, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Hiroiwa T, Kong IG, Kuroda M, Takahashi Y, Nochi T, Tokuhara D, Kohda T, Kozaki S, Kiyono H. RNAi suppression of rice endogenous storage proteins enhances the production of rice-based Botulinum neutrotoxin type A vaccine. Vaccine 2012; 30:4160-6. [PMID: 22554467 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 04/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal vaccines based on rice (MucoRice) offer a highly practical and cost-effective strategy for vaccinating large populations against mucosal infections. However, the limitation of low expression and yield of vaccine antigens with high molecular weight remains to be overcome. Here, we introduced RNAi technology to advance the MucoRice system by co-introducing antisense sequences specific for genes encoding endogenous rice storage proteins to minimize storage protein production and allow more space for the accumulation of vaccine antigen in rice seed. When we used RNAi suppression of a combination of major rice endogenous storage proteins, 13 kDa prolamin and glutelin A in a T-DNA vector, we could highly express a vaccine comprising the 45 kDa C-terminal half of the heavy chain of botulinum type A neurotoxin (BoHc), at an average of 100 μg per seed (MucoRice-BoHc). The MucoRice-Hc was water soluble, and was expressed in the cytoplasm but not in protein body I or II of rice seeds. Thus, our adaptation of the RNAi system improved the yield of a vaccine antigen with a high molecular weight. When the mucosal immunogenicity of the purified MucoRice-BoHc was examined, the vaccine induced protective immunity against a challenge with botulinum type A neurotoxin in mice. These findings demonstrate the efficiency and utility of the advanced MucoRice system as an innovative vaccine production system for generating highly immunogenic mucosal vaccines of high-molecular-weight antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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15
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Yuki Y, Kong I, Sato A, Nochi T, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Hiroiwa T, Fukuyama Y, Sawada S, Takahashi H, Akiyoshi K, Kiyono H. Adjuvant-free nanogel-based PspA nasal vaccine for the induction of protective immunity against Pneumococcus (166.7). The Journal of Immunology 2012. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.166.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
To establish strategically effective and attractive vaccine against pneumococcal respiratory infections, combining the current knowledge and technology for common antigen throughout pneumococcal strains and the new delivery system is essential. Here, we introduce a new pneumococcal nasal vaccine using the advantages of Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) antigen and a new adjuvant-free intranasal vaccine-delivery system with a nanometer-sized hydrogel (nanogel) consisting of a cationic type of cholesteryl group-bearing pullulan (cCHP). Nanogel-based PspA nasal vaccination induced high levels of antigen-specific serum IgG, and nasal and bronchial secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies. The levels of PspA-specific antibodies were as high as those in mice nasally immunized with PspA and mucosal adjuvant, cholera toxin. The nanogel induced PspA-specific immune responses provided protective immunity against the lethal challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae Xen10. Nanogel-PspA vaccinated group thus had less numbers of pneumococcus on the surface of the bronchial mucosa, and perfectly protected from the pneumococcal invasion of the lung parenchyma. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the nanogel-based PspA nasal vaccine system as an adjuvant free mucosal vaccine against the respiratory infection of pneumococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Yuki
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Il Kong
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayuko Sato
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hiroiwa
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Fukuyama
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sawada
- 2Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto university graduate school of engineering, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruko Takahashi
- 2Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto university graduate school of engineering, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- 2Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto university graduate school of engineering, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- 1The institute of medical science, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Yuki Y, Nochi T, Harada N, Katakai Y, Mejima M, Tokuhara D, Kurokawa S, Takahashi Y, Shibata H, Kohda T, Kozaki S, Tsukada H, Kiyono H. In vivo molecular imaging for a nasal botulism vaccine in mice and nonhuman primates (53.8). The Journal of Immunology 2011. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.53.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Nasal administration is an effective route for a needle-free vaccine. However, safety concerns were raised by the potential of nasally administered antigens to reach the central nervous system. We tested the real-time quantitative tracking of a nasal vaccine candidate for botulism, which is a recombinant nontoxic fragment of botulinus toxin A (BoHc/A), by using a newly established in vivo imaging method, [18F]-labeled BoHc/A-positron emission tomography (PET). This method provides results that are consistent with direct counting of [18F] radioactivity or the traditional [111In]-radiolabel method in dissected tissues of mice and non-human primates. In addition, no deposition of BoHc/A in the cerebrum and olfactory bulb was found after nasal administration of [18F]-BoHc/A in mice and non-human primates. We also established a real-time quantitative profile of elimination of this nasal vaccine candidate and demonstrated that it induces highly protective immunity against botulism in non-human primates. These results demonstrate a new way to use in vivo imaging for safety evaluation of nasal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Yuki
- 1Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- 1Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Harada
- 2PET Center, Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuko Katakai
- 3Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- 1Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tokuhara
- 1Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- 1Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Takahashi
- 1Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shibata
- 3Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kohda
- 4Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunji Kozaki
- 4Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Tsukada
- 2PET Center, Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- 1Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Tokuhara D, Gonzalez B, Mejima M, Takahashi Y, Kurokawa S, Hiroiwa T, Kuroda M, Oyama M, Kozuka-Hata H, Nochi T, Aladin F, Marcotte H, Frenken L, Iturriza M, Kiyono H, Hammarstrom L, Yuki Y. Passive oral rice-based antibody prophylaxis and therapy against rotavirus infection (106.19). The Journal of Immunology 2011. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.106.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Rotavirus-induced diarrhea is a life-threatening disease in children in developing countries. We have developed a novel system for prophylaxis and therapy against rotavirus using transgenic rice expressing the neutralizing variable domain of llama heavy-chain antibody fragments against rhesus-monkey rotavirus serotype G3P (MucoRice-ARP1). MucoRice-ARP1 was produced at high levels in rice seeds using an overexpression system and RNAi technology to suppress the production of major rice endogenous storage proteins. MucoRice-ARP1 was water-soluble and expressed in protein body II as a rice storage organelle and cytoplasm between protein bodies of in rice. We confirmed the full sequence of 123 amino acids of ARP1 by mass spectrometry. MucoRice-ARP1 neutralized human RV strains (ST-3 G4P[6], 69M G8P[10], F45 G9P[8], P G3P[8] and Va70 G4P[8]) in vitro. When administered orally, MucoRice-ARP1 markedly decreased the prevalence of diarrhea and viral load in a murine pup model. Long-term storage (>1yr) at room temperature of MucoRice-ARP1 did not impair its in vivo neutralizing activity. Oral MucoRice-ARP1 thus offer a novel cost-effective approach to prevent and treat rotavirus-induced diarrhea not only in children but also in adults who would not be expected to respond to the live attenuated vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tokuhara
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Beatriz Gonzalez
- 2Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mio Mejima
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Takahashi
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hiroiwa
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuroda
- 3Rice Physiology Research Team, National Agriculture Research Center, Joetsu, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oyama
- 4Medical Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kozuka-Hata
- 4Medical Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Farah Aladin
- 5Enteric Virus Unit, Virus Reference Department, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harold Marcotte
- 2Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Leon Frenken
- 6Unilever Foods and Health Research Institute, Vlaardingen, Netherlands
| | - Miren Iturriza
- 5Enteric Virus Unit, Virus Reference Department, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lennart Hammarstrom
- 2Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Yuki Y, Nochi T, Harada N, Katakai Y, Shibata H, Mejima M, Kohda T, Tokuhara D, Kurokawa S, Takahashi Y, Ono F, Kozaki S, Terao K, Tsukada H, Kiyono H. In vivo molecular imaging analysis of a nasal vaccine that induces protective immunity against botulism in nonhuman primates. J Immunol 2010; 185:5436-43. [PMID: 20881188 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nasal administration is an effective route for a needle-free vaccine. However, nasally administered Ags have the potential to reach the CNS directly from the nasal cavity, thus raising safety concerns. In this study, we performed real-time quantitative tracking of a nasal vaccine candidate for botulism, which is a nontoxic subunit fragment of Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin (BoHc/A) effective in the induction of the toxin-neutralizing immune response, by using (18)F-labeled BoHc/A-positron-emission tomography, an in vivo molecular imaging method. This method provides results that are consistent with direct counting of [(18)F] radioactivity or the traditional [(111)In]-radiolabel method in dissected tissues of mice and nonhuman primates. We found no deposition of BoHc/A in the cerebrum or olfactory bulb after nasal administration of (18)F-labeled BoHc/A in both animals. We also established a real-time quantitative profile of elimination of this nasal vaccine candidate and demonstrated that it induces highly protective immunity against botulism in nonhuman primates. Our findings demonstrate the efficiency and safety of a nasal vaccine candidate against botulism in mice and nonhuman primates using in vivo molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Yuki
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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19
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Nochi T, Yuki Y, Takahashi H, Sawada SI, Mejima M, Kohda T, Harada N, Kong IG, Sato A, Kataoka N, Tokuhara D, Kurokawa S, Takahashi Y, Tsukada H, Kozaki S, Akiyoshi K, Kiyono H. Nanogel antigenic protein-delivery system for adjuvant-free intranasal vaccines. Nat Mater 2010; 9:572-578. [PMID: 20562880 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an innovative method of freely controlling nanometre-sized materials. Recent outbreaks of mucosal infectious diseases have increased the demands for development of mucosal vaccines because they induce both systemic and mucosal antigen-specific immune responses. Here we developed an intranasal vaccine-delivery system with a nanometre-sized hydrogel ('nanogel') consisting of a cationic type of cholesteryl-group-bearing pullulan (cCHP). A non-toxic subunit fragment of Clostridium botulinum type-A neurotoxin BoHc/A administered intranasally with cCHP nanogel (cCHP-BoHc/A) continuously adhered to the nasal epithelium and was effectively taken up by mucosal dendritic cells after its release from the cCHP nanogel. Vigorous botulinum-neurotoxin-A-neutralizing serum IgG and secretory IgA antibody responses were induced without co-administration of mucosal adjuvant. Importantly, intranasally administered cCHP-BoHc/A did not accumulate in the olfactory bulbs or brain. Moreover, intranasally immunized tetanus toxoid with cCHP nanogel induced strong tetanus-toxoid-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses. These results indicate that cCHP nanogel can be used as a universal protein-based antigen-delivery vehicle for adjuvant-free intranasal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Nochi
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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20
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Tokuhara D, Yuki Y, Nochi T, Kodama T, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Takahashi Y, Nanno M, Takaiwa F, Honda T, Kiyono H. Secretory IgA responses induced by rice-based oral cholera toxin B subunit vaccine are solely responsible for antibody-mediated long-standing cross-protection against Vibrio cholerae - and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli -induced diarrhea (46.3). The Journal of Immunology 2010. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.46.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: We investigated whether the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB)-specific secretory IgA (SIgA) induced by rice-based oral vaccine expressing CTB (MucoRice-CTB) gives long-term protection against V. cholerae - and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced diarrhea. Methods: Mice were orally immunized with MucoRice-CTB, which stored at room temperature for 3 years, and then evaluated for induction of SIgA-mediated protective immunity against CT or heat-labile enterotoxin (LT). The role of CTB-specific SIgA was also examined in polyimmunoglobulin receptor (pIgR)-deficient mice. Long-term immune memory was evaluated 6 months after final primary immunization. In vivo V. cholerae (El Tor O1 Inaba) and ETEC challenge was performed in the intestinal loops of immunized mice. Results: Oral MucoRice-CTB immunization provided SIgA-mediated protection against LT- or CT-induced diarrhea. This protection was impaired in pIgR-deficient mice. The vaccine offered long-lasting protection against toxin-induced diarrhea (for at least 6 months after primary immunization), and a single booster immunization extended the length of protective immunity for at least 4 more months. In the intestinal loop assay, MucoRice-CTB vaccination inhibited diarrhea in the face of V. cholerae and ETEC challenge. Conclusion: MucoRice-CTB is an effective cold-chain-free oral vaccine inducing CTB-specific SIgA-mediated long-term protection against V. cholerae - or ETEC-induced diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tokuhara
- 1Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- 1Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- 1Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Kodama
- 2Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- 1Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Kurokawa
- 1Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Takahashi
- 1Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanobu Nanno
- 3Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Takaiwa
- 4Transgenic Crop Research and Development Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Honda
- 2Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- 1Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yuki Y, Nochi T, Katakai Y, Shibata H, Tokuhara D, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Takahashi Y, Hatai H, Chubachi A, Nakanishi U, Terao K, Kiyono H. A rice-based oral cholera vaccine induces macaque-specific systemic neutralizing Abs but does not influence natural intestinal immunity (46.4). The Journal of Immunology 2010. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.46.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We previously showed that oral immunization of mice with a rice-based vaccine expressing cholera toxin (CT) B subunit (MucoRice-CT-B) induced CT-specific immune responses with toxin-neutralizing activity in both systemic and mucosal compartments. Here, we examined whether the rice-based vaccine can induce CT-specific Ab responses in nonhuman primates. Orally administered MucoRice-CT-B induced high levels of CT-neutralizing serum IgG Abs in the 3 cynomolgus macaques we immunized. Although the Ab level gradually decreased, detectable levels were maintained for at least 6 months, and high titers were rapidly recovered after an oral booster dose of the rice-based vaccine. In contrast, no serum IgE Abs against rice storage protein were induced even after multiple immunizations. Interestingly, the macaques harbored naturally acquired intestinal secretory IgA (SIgA) Abs that were capable of reacting with CT and homologous heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) produced by enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and that had toxin-neutralizing activity. The SIgA Abs were present in macaques 1 month to 29 years old, and the level was not enhanced after oral vaccination with MucoRice-CT-B or after subsequent exposure to the native form of CT. These results show that oral MucoRice-CT-B can effectively induce CT-specific, neutralizing, serum IgG Ab responses even in the presence of pre-existing, naturally occurring CT- and LT-reactive SIgA Abs in nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Yuki
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Katakai
- 2The Corporation for Production and Research of Laboratory Primates, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shibata
- 3Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tokuhara
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shio Kurokawa
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Takahashi
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Hatai
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Chubachi
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ushio Nakanishi
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Terao
- 3Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- 1The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Nochi T, Yuki Y, Takahashi H, Sawada S, Mejima M, Kohda T, Harada N, Kataoka N, Kong IG, Sato A, Tokuhara D, Kurokawa S, Takahashi Y, Tsukada H, Kozaki S, Akiyoshi K, Kiyono H. Nanogel antigen delivery system for adjuvant-free intranasal vaccines (46.16). The Journal of Immunology 2010. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.46.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an innovative method of freely controlling nanometer-sized materials. The recent outbreak of mucosal infectious diseases have increased the demands for development of mucosal vaccines because they induce antigen-specific both mucosal and systemic immune responses. However because of lacking the effective antigen delivery system to aero-digestive mucosa, co-administration of mucosal adjuvant mediating protective but also undesired immunity is continuously needed. Here we developed a novel intranasal vaccine-delivery system with a nanometer-sized hydrogel (“nanogel”) consisting of a cationic type of cholesteryl group-bearing pullulan (cCHP). A nontoxic subunit fragment of Clostridium botulinum type-A neurotoxin BoHc/A administered intranasally with cCHP nanogel (cCHP-BoHc/A) continuously adhered to the nasal epithelium and was effectively taken up by mucosal dendritic cells (DCs) after its release from the cCHP nanogel. Vigorous botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A)-neutralizing serum IgG and secretory IgA antibody responses were induced without co-administration of mucosal adjuvant. Importantly, intranasally administered cCHP-BoHc/A did not accumulate in the olfactory bulbs or brain. Moreover, intranasally immunized tetanus toxoid (TT) with cCHP nanogel induced strong TT-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses. These results indicate that cCHP nanogel can be used as a universal protein-based antigen-delivery vehicle for adjuvant-free intranasal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Nochi
- 1The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- 2The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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23
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Nochi T, Yuki Y, Katakai Y, Shibata H, Tokuhara D, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Takahashi Y, Nakanishi U, Ono F, Mimuro H, Sasakawa C, Takaiwa F, Terao K, Kiyono H. A rice-based oral cholera vaccine induces macaque-specific systemic neutralizing antibodies but does not influence pre-existing intestinal immunity. J Immunol 2009; 183:6538-44. [PMID: 19880451 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that oral immunization of mice with a rice-based vaccine expressing cholera toxin (CT) B subunit (MucoRice-CT-B) induced CT-specific immune responses with toxin-neutralizing activity in both systemic and mucosal compartments. In this study, we examined whether the vaccine can induce CT-specific Ab responses in nonhuman primates. Orally administered MucoRice-CT-B induced high levels of CT-neutralizing serum IgG Abs in the three cynomolgus macaques we immunized. Although the Ab level gradually decreased, detectable levels were maintained for at least 6 mo, and high titers were rapidly recovered after an oral booster dose of the rice-based vaccine. In contrast, no serum IgE Abs against rice storage protein were induced even after multiple immunizations. Additionally, before immunization the macaques harbored intestinal secretory IgA (SIgA) Abs that reacted with both CT and homologous heat-labile enterotoxin produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and had toxin-neutralizing activity. The SIgA Abs were present in macaques 1 mo to 29 years old, and the level was not enhanced after oral vaccination with MucoRice-CT-B or after subsequent oral administration of the native form of CT. These results show that oral MucoRice-CT-B can effectively induce CT-specific, neutralizing, serum IgG Ab responses even in the presence of pre-existing CT- and heat-labile enterotoxin-reactive intestinal SIgA Abs in nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Nochi
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Yuki Y, Tokuhara D, Nochi T, Yasuda H, Mejima M, Kurokawa S, Takahashi Y, Kataoka N, Nakanishi U, Hagiwara Y, Fujihashi K, Takaiwa F, Kiyono H. Oral MucoRice expressing double-mutant cholera toxin A and B subunits induces toxin-specific neutralising immunity. Vaccine 2009; 27:5982-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Yuki Y, Nochi T, Mejima M, Kataoka N, Takahashi H, Sawada S, Kohda T, Kazaki S, Akiyoshi K, Kiyono H. A novel nanosize protein-carrier for the development of adjuvant- free nasal vaccine (39.33). The Journal of Immunology 2009. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.39.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Most of inactivated or subunit type vaccines are poor immunogens to both systemic and mucosal immune compartments when given mucosally without mucosal adjuvant. We developed an effective intracellular vaccine delivery system with self-assembled nanosize cationic hyrogels (nanogel), which composed of a polysaccharide with ethylendiamine group of cholesteryl group-bearing pullulan. When hold protein antigen in a segregated nanomatrix, the nanogel acts as artificial chaperones, which protect against the aggregation of denature proteins and assist in the refolding of protein after release. In this study, we demonstrated that nasally administered nanogel holding a subunit type of C. botulinum antigen (BoHc-nanogel) was effectively taken up by nasophalynx-associated lymphoid tissue and induced brisk levels of antigen-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses even in the absence of mucosal adjuvant. In contrast, nasal administration with commercialized cationic liposome (Pro-ject) holding the same amount of BoHc without adjuvant induces antigen-specific low systemic and no mucosal antibody immune responses. In addition, mice nasally immunized with BoHc-nanogel protected not only systemically challenged but also nasally challenged botulinum toxin. These data suggest that nanogel-based mucosal vaccination is a novel strategy for the induction of protective immunity without the use of mucosal adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Yuki
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Mejima
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kataoka
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruko Takahashi
- 2Department of Organic Materials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sawada
- 2Department of Organic Materials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kohda
- 3Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Shunji Kazaki
- 3Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- 2Department of Organic Materials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Terahara K, Yoshida M, Igarashi O, Nochi T, Pontes GS, Hase K, Ohno H, Kurokawa S, Mejima M, Takayama N, Yuki Y, Lowe AW, Kiyono H. Comprehensive gene expression profiling of Peyer's patch M cells, villous M-like cells, and intestinal epithelial cells. J Immunol 2008; 180:7840-6. [PMID: 18523247 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.12.7840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Separate populations of M cells have been detected in the follicle-associated epithelium of Peyer's patches (PPs) and the villous epithelium of the small intestine, but the traits shared by or distinguishing the two populations have not been characterized. Our separate study has demonstrated that a potent mucosal modulator cholera toxin (CT) can induce lectin Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1 and our newly developed M cell-specific mAb NKM 16-2-4-positive M-like cells in the duodenal villous epithelium. In this study, we determined the gene expression of PP M cells, CT-induced villous M-like cells, and intestinal epithelial cells isolated by a novel approach using FACS. Additional mRNA and protein analyses confirmed the specific expression of glycoprotein 2 and myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS)-like protein by PP M cells but not CT-induced villous M-like cells. Comprehensive gene profiling also suggested that CT-induced villous M-like cells share traits of both PP M cells and intestinal epithelial cells, a finding that is supported by their unique expression of specific chemokines. The genome-wide assessment of gene expression facilitates discovery of M cell-specific molecules and enhances the molecular understanding of M cell immunobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Terahara
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Nochi T, Yuki Y, Mejima M, Ono F, Katakai Y, Shibata H, Kohda T, Kozaki S, Terao K, Kiyono H. A subunit type of botulinum mucosal vaccine effectively induces protective immunity in non‐human primates. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.853.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Nochi
- The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Mio Mejima
- The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Fumiko Ono
- The Corporation for Production and Research of Laboratory PrimatesTukubaJapan
| | - Yuko Katakai
- The Corporation for Production and Research of Laboratory PrimatesTukubaJapan
| | | | | | | | | | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- The Institute of Medical ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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28
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Nochi T, Yuki Y, Matsumura A, Mejima M, Terahara K, Kim DY, Fukuyama S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kawaoka Y, Kohda T, Kozaki S, Igarashi O, Kiyono H. A novel M cell–specific carbohydrate-targeted mucosal vaccine effectively induces antigen-specific immune responses. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2007. [DOI: 10.1083/jcb1794oia8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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29
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Nochi T, Yuki Y, Matsumura A, Mejima M, Terahara K, Kim DY, Fukuyama S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kawaoka Y, Kohda T, Kozaki S, Igarashi O, Kiyono H. A novel M cell-specific carbohydrate-targeted mucosal vaccine effectively induces antigen-specific immune responses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 204:2789-96. [PMID: 17984304 PMCID: PMC2118513 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20070607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mucosally ingested and inhaled antigens are taken up by membranous or microfold cells (M cells) in the follicle-associated epithelium of Peyer's patches or nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue. We established a novel M cell–specific monoclonal antibody (mAb NKM 16–2-4) as a carrier for M cell–targeted mucosal vaccine. mAb NKM 16–2-4 also reacted with the recently discovered villous M cells, but not with epithelial cells or goblet cells. Oral administration of tetanus toxoid (TT)– or botulinum toxoid (BT)–conjugated NKM 16–2-4, together with the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin, induced high-level, antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G and mucosal IgA responses. In addition, an oral vaccine formulation of BT-conjugated NKM 16–2-4 induced protective immunity against lethal challenge with botulinum toxin. An epitope analysis of NKM 16–2-4 revealed specificity to an α(1,2)-fucose–containing carbohydrate moiety, and reactivity was enhanced under sialic acid–lacking conditions. This suggests that NKM 16–2-4 distinguishes α(1,2)-fucosylated M cells from goblet cells containing abundant sialic acids neighboring the α(1,2) fucose moiety and from non-α(1,2)-fucosylated epithelial cells. The use of NKM 16–2-4 to target vaccine antigens to the M cell–specific carbohydrate moiety is a new strategy for developing highly effective mucosal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Nochi
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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Nochi T, Takagi H, Yuki Y, Yang L, Masumura T, Mejima M, Nakanishi U, Matsumura A, Uozumi A, Hiroi T, Morita S, Tanaka K, Takaiwa F, Kiyono H. Rice-based mucosal vaccine as a global strategy for cold-chain- and needle-free vaccination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:10986-91. [PMID: 17573530 PMCID: PMC1904174 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0703766104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Capable of inducing antigen-specific immune responses in both systemic and mucosal compartments without the use of syringe and needle, mucosal vaccination is considered ideal for the global control of infectious diseases. In this study, we developed a rice-based oral vaccine expressing cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) under the control of the endosperm-specific expression promoter 2.3-kb glutelin GluB-1 with codon usage optimization for expression in rice seed. An average of 30 mug of CTB per seed was stored in the protein bodies, which are storage organelles in rice. When mucosally fed, rice seeds expressing CTB were taken up by the M cells covering the Peyer's patches and induced CTB-specific serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies with neutralizing activity. When expressed in rice, CTB was protected from pepsin digestion in vitro. Rice-expressed CTB also remained stable and thus maintained immunogenicity at room temperature for >1.5 years, meaning that antigen-specific mucosal immune responses were induced at much lower doses than were necessary with purified recombinant CTB. Because they require neither refrigeration (cold-chain management) nor a needle, these rice-based mucosal vaccines offer a highly practical and cost-effective strategy for orally vaccinating large populations against mucosal infections, including those that may result from an act of bioterrorism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Nochi
- *Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takagi
- Transgenic Crop Research and Development Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- *Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Lijun Yang
- Transgenic Crop Research and Development Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Takehiro Masumura
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seika-cho, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan; and
| | - Mio Mejima
- *Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ushio Nakanishi
- *Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Akiko Matsumura
- *Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Akihiro Uozumi
- *Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takachika Hiroi
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 113-8613, Japan
| | - Shigeto Morita
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seika-cho, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan; and
| | - Kunisuke Tanaka
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
- Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seika-cho, Kyoto 619-0244, Japan; and
| | - Fumio Takaiwa
- Transgenic Crop Research and Development Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- *Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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31
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Nochi T, Yuki Y, Takagi H, Yang L, Masumura T, Mejima M, Nakanishi U, Matsumura A, Hiroi T, Morita S, Tanaka K, Takaiwa F, Kiyono H. Development of needle-free vaccine: rice-based oral vaccine induced protective immunity against cholera toxin (41.4). The Journal of Immunology 2007. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Capable of inducing antigen-specific immune responses in both systemic and mucosal compartments without the use of syringe and needle, mucosal vaccination is considered ideal for the global control of infectious diseases. In this study, we developed a rice-based oral vaccine expressing cholera toxin B subunit (CTB). An average of 30 μg of CTB per seed was stored in the protein body, a rice storage organelle. When orally fed, rice seeds expressing CTB were taken up by the M cells covering the Peyer′s patches (PPs), inducing toxin-specific serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies with neutralizing activity. When expressed in rice, CTB was protected from pepsin digestion in vitro. Rice-expressed CTB also remained stable and thus maintained immunogenicity at room temperature for more than 1.5 years, meaning that antigen-specific mucosal immune responses were induced at much lower doses than were necessary with purified recombinant CTB. Because they would require neither needles nor refrigeration (cold-chain management), these rice-based oral vaccines offer a highly practical as well as cost-effective strategy for orally vaccinating large populations against mucosal infections, including those which may result from an act of bioterrorism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Nochi
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan,
| | - Yoshikazu Yuki
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan,
| | - Hidenori Takagi
- 2National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305-8602, Japan,
| | - Lijun Yang
- 2National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305-8602, Japan,
| | - Takehiro Masumura
- 3Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1 Shimogamohangicho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan,
| | - Mio Mejima
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan,
| | - Ushio Nakanishi
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan,
| | - Akiko Matsumura
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan,
| | - Takachika Hiroi
- 4The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8613, Japan
| | - Shigeto Morita
- 3Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1 Shimogamohangicho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan,
| | - Kunisuke Tanaka
- 3Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1 Shimogamohangicho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan,
| | - Fumio Takaiwa
- 2National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305-8602, Japan,
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- 1Division of Mucosal Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan,
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