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Han X, Clark JJ, Sharma P, Bentley EG, Kipar A, Alsayer M, Ren X, Robinson A, Alaidarous S, Mu Y, Sun Y, Hiscox JA, Zhou EM, Stewart JP, Zhao Q. Amino acids 1811-1960 of myosin heavy chain 9 is involved in murine gammaherpesvirus 68 infection. Virology 2023; 587:109849. [PMID: 37515945 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) has been identified as a crucial factor in gammaherpesvirus infection. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) was used as an appropriate viral model for investigating gammaherpesviruses in vivo and developing antiviral treatments. However, the roles of MYH9 in MHV-68 infection have not been documented. In the study, the relationship between the expression of MYH9 and MHV-68 infection and MYH9 as the antiviral target were analyzed. The results revealed that MYH9 was enriched on the cell surface and co-localized with MHV-68 upon viral infection. Knocking down MYH9 with siRNA or using the specific inhibitor of MYH9 activity, Blebbistatin, resulted in the decreasing of MHV-68 infection. Furthermore, polyclonal antibodies against MYH9 reduced infection by approximately 74% at a dose of 100 μg/ml. The study determined that MYH9 contributes to MHV-68 infection by interacting with viral glycoprotein 150 (gp150) in the BHK-21 cell membrane. The specific region of MYH9, amino acids 1811-1960 (C-150), was identified as the key domain involved in the interaction with MHV-68 gp150 and was found to inhibit MHV-68 infection. Moreover, C-150 was also shown to decrease HSV-1 infection in Vero cells by approximately 73%. Both C-150 and Blebbistatin were found to inhibit MHV-68 replication and reduce histopathological lesions in vivo in C57BL/6J mice. Taken together, these findings suggested that MYH9 is crucial for MHV-68 infection through its interaction with viral gp150 and that C-150 may be a promising antiviral target for inhibiting MHV-68 infection in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximeng Han
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi, 712100, China; Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - Jordan J Clark
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - Parul Sharma
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor G Bentley
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Kipar
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom; Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mohammed Alsayer
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaolei Ren
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi, 712100, China
| | - Amy Robinson
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - Sondus Alaidarous
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - Yang Mu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi, 712100, China
| | - Yani Sun
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi, 712100, China
| | - Julian A Hiscox
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - En-Min Zhou
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi, 712100, China.
| | - James P Stewart
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, United Kingdom.
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi, 712100, China.
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