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Cuahtecontzi Delint R, Jaffery H, Ishak MI, Nobbs AH, Su B, Dalby MJ. Mechanotransducive surfaces for enhanced cell osteogenesis, a review. Biomater Adv 2024; 160:213861. [PMID: 38663159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Novel strategies employing mechano-transducing materials eliciting biological outcomes have recently emerged for controlling cellular behaviour. Targeted cellular responses are achieved by manipulating physical, chemical, or biochemical modification of material properties. Advances in techniques such as nanopatterning, chemical modification, biochemical molecule embedding, force-tuneable materials, and artificial extracellular matrices are helping understand cellular mechanotransduction. Collectively, these strategies manipulate cellular sensing and regulate signalling cascades including focal adhesions, YAP-TAZ transcription factors, and multiple osteogenic pathways. In this minireview, we are providing a summary of the influence that these materials, particularly titanium-based orthopaedic materials, have on cells. We also highlight recent complementary methodological developments including, but not limited to, the use of metabolomics for identification of active biomolecules that drive cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Cuahtecontzi Delint
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Hussain Jaffery
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mohd I Ishak
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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Ishak MI, Delint RC, Liu X, Xu W, Tsimbouri PM, Nobbs AH, Dalby MJ, Su B. Nanotextured titanium inhibits bacterial activity and supports cell growth on 2D and 3D substrate: A co-culture study. Biomater Adv 2024; 158:213766. [PMID: 38232578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Medical implant-associated infections pose a significant challenge to modern medicine, with aseptic loosening and bacterial infiltration being the primary causes of implant failure. While nanostructured surfaces have demonstrated promising antibacterial properties, the translation of their efficacy from 2D to 3D substrates remains a challenge. Here, we used scalable alkaline etching to fabricate nanospike and nanonetwork topologies on 2D and laser powder-bed fusion printed 3D titanium. The fabricated surfaces were compared with regard to their antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and mesenchymal stromal cell responses with and without the presence of bacteria. Finite elemental analysis assessed the mechanical properties and permeability of the 3D substrate. Our findings suggest that 3D nanostructured surfaces have potential to both prevent implant infections and allow host cell integration. This work represents a significant step towards developing effective and scalable fabrication methods on 3D substrates with consistent and reproducible antibacterial activity, with important implications for the future of medical implant technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd I Ishak
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK; School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Rosalia Cuahtecontzi Delint
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Xiayi Liu
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Wei Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing, Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Penelope M Tsimbouri
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK.
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Liu X, Ishak MI, Ma H, Su B, Nobbs AH. Bacterial Surface Appendages Modulate the Antimicrobial Activity Induced by Nanoflake Surfaces on Titanium. Small 2024:e2310149. [PMID: 38233200 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Bioinspired nanotopography is a promising approach to generate antimicrobial surfaces to combat implant-associated infection. Despite efforts to develop bactericidal 1D structures, the antibacterial capacity of 2D structures and their mechanism of action remains uncertain. Here, hydrothermal synthesis is utilized to generate two 2D nanoflake surfaces on titanium (Ti) substrates and investigate the physiological effects of nanoflakes on bacteria. The nanoflakes impair the attachment and growth of Escherichia coli and trigger the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), potentially contributing to the killing of adherent bacteria. E. coli surface appendages type-1 fimbriae and flagella are not implicated in the nanoflake-mediated modulation of bacterial attachment but do influence the bactericidal effects of nanoflakes. An E. coli ΔfimA mutant lacking type-1 fimbriae is more susceptible to the bactericidal effects of nanoflakes than the parent strain, while E. coli cells lacking flagella (ΔfliC) are more resistant. The results suggest that type-1 fimbriae confer a cushioning effect that protects bacteria upon initial contact with the nanoflake surface, while flagella-mediated motility can lead to elevated membrane abrasion. This finding offers a better understanding of the antibacterial properties of nanoflake structures that can be applied to the design of antimicrobial surfaces for future medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayi Liu
- Bristol Dental School Research Laboratories, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1, 3NY, UK
| | - Mohd I Ishak
- Bristol Dental School Research Laboratories, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1, 3NY, UK
| | - Huan Ma
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry and Centre for Protolife Research, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School Research Laboratories, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1, 3NY, UK
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School Research Laboratories, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1, 3NY, UK
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Jenkins J, Ishak MI, Eales M, Gholinia A, Kulkarni S, Keller TF, May PW, Nobbs AH, Su B. Resolving physical interactions between bacteria and nanotopographies with focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy. iScience 2021; 24:102818. [PMID: 34355148 PMCID: PMC8319809 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To robustly assess the antibacterial mechanisms of nanotopographies, it is critical to analyze the bacteria-nanotopography adhesion interface. Here, we utilize focused ion beam milling combined with scanning electron microscopy to generate three-dimensional reconstructions of Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli interacting with nanotopographies. For the first time, 3D morphometric analysis has been exploited to quantify the intrinsic contact area between each nanostructure and the bacterial envelope, providing an objective framework from which to derive the possible antibacterial mechanisms of synthetic nanotopographies. Surfaces with nanostructure densities between 36 and 58 per μm2 and tip diameters between 27 and 50 nm mediated envelope deformation and penetration, while surfaces with higher nanostructure densities (137 per μm2) induced envelope penetration and mechanical rupture, leading to marked reductions in cell volume due to cytosolic leakage. On nanotopographies with densities of 8 per μm2 and tip diameters greater than 100 nm, bacteria predominantly adhered between nanostructures, resulting in cell impedance. Bacteria-nanotopography interactions can be quantified using FIB-SEM Envelope penetration and cell impedance are influenced by nanotopography density Low density nanotopographies (8 per μm2) mediate cell impedance High-density nanotopographies (36–137 per μm2) mediate deformation and penetration
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Jenkins
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mohd I Ishak
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Marcus Eales
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ali Gholinia
- School of Materials Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Thomas F Keller
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany.,Physics Department, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul W May
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Ishak MI, Jenkins J, Kulkarni S, Keller TF, Briscoe WH, Nobbs AH, Su B. Insights into complex nanopillar-bacteria interactions: Roles of nanotopography and bacterial surface proteins. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 604:91-103. [PMID: 34265695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanopillared surfaces have emerged as a promising strategy to combat bacterial infections on medical devices. However, the mechanisms that underpin nanopillar-induced rupture of the bacterial cell membrane remain speculative. In this study, we have tested three medically relevant poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanopillared-surfaces with well-defined nanotopographies against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and contact mechanics analysis were utilised to understand the nanobiophysical response of the bacterial cell envelope to a single nanopillar. Given their importance to bacterial adhesion, the contribution of bacterial surface proteins to nanotopography-mediated cell envelope damage was also investigated. We found that, whilst cell envelope deformation was affected by the nanopillar tip diameter, the nanopillar density affected bacterial metabolic activities. Moreover, three different types of bacterial cell envelope deformation were observed upon contact of bacteria with the nanopillared surfaces. These were attributed to bacterial responses to cell wall stresses resulting from the high intrinsic pressure caused by the engagement of nanopillars by bacterial surface proteins. Such influences of bacterial surface proteins on the antibacterial action of nanopillars have not been previously reported. Our findings will be valuable to the improved design and fabrication of effective antibacterial surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd I Ishak
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK; School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK; Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia
| | - J Jenkins
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - S Kulkarni
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - T F Keller
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany; Physics Department, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wuge H Briscoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK.
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Ishak MI, Dobryden I, Martin Claesson P, Briscoe WH, Su B. Friction at nanopillared polymer surfaces beyond Amontons' laws: Stick-slip amplitude coefficient (SSAC) and multiparametric nanotribological properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 583:414-424. [PMID: 33011410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Frictional and nanomechanical properties of nanostructured polymer surfaces are important to their technological and biomedical applications. In this work, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces with a periodic distribution of well-defined nanopillars were fabricated through an anodization/embossing process. The apparent surface energy of the nanopillared surfaces was evaluated using the Fowkes acid-base approach, and the surface morphology was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The normal and lateral forces between a silica microparticle and these surfaces were quantified using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM). The friction-load relationship followed Amonton's first law, and the friction coefficient appeared to scale linearly with the nanopillar height. Furthermore, all the nanopillared surfaces showed pronounced frictional instabilities compared to the smooth sliding friction loop on the flat control. Performing the stick-slip amplitude coefficient (SSAC) analysis, we found a correlation between the frictional instabilities and the nanopillars density, pull-off force and work of adhesion. We have summarised the dependence of the nanotribological properties on such nanopillared surfaces on five relevant parameters, i.e. pull-off force fp, Amontons' friction coefficient μ, RMS roughness Rq, stick-slip amplitude friction coefficient SSAC, and work of adhesion between the substrate and water Wadh in a radar chart. Whilst demonstrating the complexity of the frictional behaviour of nanopillared polymer surfaces, our results show that analyses of multiparametric nanotribological properties of nanostructured surfaces should go beyond classic Amontons' laws, with the SSAC more representative of the frictional properties compared to the friction coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd I Ishak
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK; School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK; Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Illia Dobryden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; School of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Per Martin Claesson
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wuge H Briscoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK.
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