Tachygastria in Preterm Infants: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

OBJECTIVES

Tachygastria is a gastric dysrhythmia (>4 to ≤9 cycles per minute, cpm) associated with gastric hypomotility and gastrointestinal disorders. Healthy preterm infants spend more time in tachygastria than adults; however, normative values are not defined. We sought to determine the percent of time preterm infants spend in tachygastria.

METHODS

We conducted a longitudinal, prospective cohort study with weekly electrogastrography (EGG) recordings in 51 preterm <34 weeks' gestation and 5 term (reference) infants. We calculated percentage recording time in tachygastria (% tachygastria) and determined the mean ± standard deviation (SD) across EGG sessions. Mixed effects model was performed to test weekly variance in % tachygastria and gestational age effect. Successive pre- and post-prandial measurements were obtained to assess reproducibility of % tachygastria. We compared time to achieve full feeds between subjects with % tachygastria within 1 SD from the mean versus % tachygastria >1 SD from mean.

RESULTS

Three hundred seventy-six EGG sessions were completed (N = 56). Mean % tachygastria was 40% with SD ±5%. We demonstrated no change in % tachygastria across 9 postnatal weeks (P = 0.70) and no gestational age effect. No difference was demonstrated between successive pre- (P = 0.91) and post-prandial (P = 0.96) % tachygastria. Infants with 35%-45% tachygastria (within 1 SD from mean) had higher gestational age and less time to achieve full feeds than infants with <35% or >45% tachygastria.

CONCLUSIONS

EGG is a reproducible tool to assess % tachygastria in preterm infants. Clinical significance of increased or decreased % tachygastria needs further investigation to validate if 35%-45% tachygastria is safe for feeding.