1
|
Ternary composites of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) with silver nanowires and titanium dioxide nanoparticles as separator membranes for lithium-ion batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 668:25-36. [PMID: 38669993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of polymer composites, there is growing interest in the use of more than one filler for achieving multifunctional properties. In this work, a composite separator membrane has been developed for lithium-ion battery application, by incorporating conductive silver nanowires (AgNWs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles into a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) polymer matrix. The composite membranes were manufactured by solvent casting and thermally induced phase separation, with total filler content varying up to 10 wt%. The ternary composites composites present improved mechanical characteristics, ionic conductivity and lithium transfer number compared to the neat polymer matrix. On the other hand, the filler type and content within the composite has little bearing on the morphology, polymer phase, or thermal stability. Once applied as a separator in lithium-ion batteries, the highest discharge capacity value was obtained for the 5 wt% AgNWs/5 wt% TiO2/PVDF-HFP membrane at different C-rates, benefiting from the synergetic effect from both fillers. This work demonstrates that higher battery performance can be achieved for next-generation lithium-ion batteries by using separator membranes based on ternary composites.
Collapse
|
2
|
Modulation of the tumor microenvironment and mechanism of immunotherapy-based drug resistance in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:92. [PMID: 38715072 PMCID: PMC11075356 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most frequent female malignancy, is often curable when detected at an early stage. The treatment of metastatic breast cancer is more challenging and may be unresponsive to conventional therapy. Immunotherapy is crucial for treating metastatic breast cancer, but its resistance is a major limitation. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is vital in modulating the immunotherapy response. Various tumor microenvironmental components, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are involved in TME modulation to cause immunotherapy resistance. This review highlights the role of stromal cells in modulating the breast tumor microenvironment, including the involvement of CAF-TAM interaction, alteration of tumor metabolism leading to immunotherapy failure, and other latest strategies, including high throughput genomic screening, single-cell and spatial omics techniques for identifying tumor immune genes regulating immunotherapy response. This review emphasizes the therapeutic approach to overcome breast cancer immune resistance through CAF reprogramming, modulation of TAM polarization, tumor metabolism, and genomic alterations.
Collapse
|
3
|
Comparative Evaluation of Microbial Flora of Endodontic Origin in Teeth with Endo-Perio Lesions. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S856-S858. [PMID: 38595373 PMCID: PMC11001130 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1060_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Endodontic microbial flora plays a pivotal role in the development and persistence of periodontal endodontic lesions (PELs). Understanding the composition and prevalence of microbial species in PELs is essential for effective treatment strategies. Materials and Methods Microbial samples were collected from 50 teeth diagnosed with PELs. Sterile paper points were used to obtain samples from the root canals. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene to identify bacterial species. The obtained data were analyzed using statistical methods. Results The microbial analysis revealed a diverse range of bacterial species in PELs. The most prevalent species were Porphyromonas gingivalis (32.5%), Treponema denticola (28.0%), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (22.5%). Streptococcus mutans (9.0%) and Actinomyces naeslundii (8.0%) were also frequently detected. Additionally, Prevotella intermedia (7.0%), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (3.5%), and Enterococcus faecalis (2.5%) were present in lower frequencies. Conclusion The presence of a diverse microbial flora in teeth with PELs underscores the polymicrobial nature of these lesions. The predominance of periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum suggests a strong association between periodontal and endodontic infections. A comprehensive understanding of the microbial profile in PELs is crucial for tailored therapeutic approaches targeting the specific pathogens involved.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Prostate cancer, one of the most frequently occurring cancers in men, is a heterogeneous disease involving multiple cell types within tumors. This tumor heterogeneity at least partly results from genomic instability leading to sub-clonal cellular differentiation. The differentiated cell populations originate from a small subset of cells with tumor-initiating and stem-like properties. These cells, termed prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), play crucial roles in disease progression, drug resistance, and relapse. This review discusses the origin, hierarchy, and plasticity of PCSCs; methods for isolation and enrichment of PCSCs; and various cellular and metabolic signaling pathways involved in PCSC induction and maintenance, as well as therapeutic targeting.
Collapse
|
5
|
Magnolol and Temozolomide exhibit a synergistic anti-glioma activity through MGMT inhibition. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166782. [PMID: 37286145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is the leading chemotherapeutic agent used for glioma therapy due to its good oral absorption and blood-brain barrier permeability. However, its anti-glioma efficacy may be limited due to its adverse effects and resistance development. O6-Methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), an enzyme associated with TMZ resistance, is activated via the NF-κB pathway, which is found to be upregulated in glioma. TMZ also upregulates NF-κB signaling like many other alkylating agents. Magnolol (MGN), a natural anti-cancer agent, has been reported to inhibit NF-κB signaling in multiple myeloma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. MGN has already shown promising results in anti-glioma therapy. However, the synergistic action of TMZ and MGN has not been explored. Therefore, we investigated the effect of TMZ and MGN treatment in glioma and observed their synergistic pro-apoptotic action in both in vitro and in vivo glioma models. To explore the mechanism of this synergistic action, we found that MGN inhibits MGMT enzyme both in vitro and in vivo glioma. Next, we established the link between NF-κB signaling and MGN-induced MGMT inhibition in glioma. MGN inhibits the phosphorylation of p65, a subunit of NF-κB, and its nuclear translocation to block NF-κB pathway activation in glioma. MGN-induced NF-κB inhibition results in the transcriptional inhibition of MGMT in glioma. TMZ and MGN combinatorial treatment also impedes p65 nuclear translocation to inhibit MGMT in glioma. We observed a similar effect of TMZ and MGN treatment in the rodent glioma model. Thus, we concluded that MGN potentiates TMZ-induced apoptosis in glioma by inhibiting NF-κB pathway-mediated MGMT activation.
Collapse
|
6
|
A novel computational predictive biological approach distinguishes Integrin β1 as a salient biomarker for breast cancer chemoresistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166702. [PMID: 37044238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a primary cause of breast cancer treatment failure, and protein-protein interactions significantly contribute to chemoresistance during different stages of breast cancer progression. In pursuit of novel biomarkers and relevant protein-protein interactions occurring during the emergence of breast cancer chemoresistance, we used a computational predictive biological (CPB) approach. CPB identified associations of adhesion molecules with proteins connected with different breast cancer proteins associated with chemoresistance. This approach identified an association of Integrin β1 (ITGB1) with chemoresistance and breast cancer stem cell markers. ITGB1 activated the Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) pathway promoting invasion, migration, and chemoresistance in breast cancer by upregulating Erk phosphorylation. FAK also activated Wnt/Sox2 signaling, which enhanced self-renewal in breast cancer. Activation of the FAK pathway by ITGB1 represents a novel mechanism linked to breast cancer chemoresistance, which may lead to novel therapies capable of blocking breast cancer progression by intervening in ITGB1-regulated signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
7
|
Magnolol induces cytotoxic autophagy in glioma by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Exp Cell Res 2023; 424:113488. [PMID: 36736226 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is difficult-to-treat because of its infiltrative nature and the presence of the blood-brain barrier. Temozolomide is the only FDA-approved drug for its management. Therefore, finding a novel chemotherapeutic agent for glioma is of utmost importance. Magnolol, a neolignan, has been known for its apoptotic role in glioma. In this work, we have explored a novel anti-glioma mechanism of Magnolol associated with its role in autophagy modulation. We found increased expression levels of Beclin-1, Atg5-Atg12, and LC3-II and lower p62 expression in Magnolol-treated glioma cells. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway proteins were also downregulated in Magnolol-treated glioma cells. Next, we treated the glioma cells with Insulin, a stimulator of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, to confirm that Magnolol induced autophagy by inhibiting this pathway. Insulin reversed the effect on Magnolol-mediated autophagy induction. We also established the same in in vivo glioma model where Magnolol showed an anti-glioma effect by inducing autophagy. To confirm the cytotoxic effect of Magnolol-induced autophagy, we used Chloroquine, a late-stage autophagy inhibitor. Chloroquine efficiently reversed the anti-glioma effects of Magnolol both in vitro and in vivo. Our study revealed the cytotoxic effect of Magnolol-induced autophagy in glioma, which was not previously reported. Additionally, Magnolol showed no toxicity in non-cancerous cell lines as well as rat organs. Thus, we concluded that Magnolol is an excellent candidate for developing new therapeutic strategies for glioma management.
Collapse
|
8
|
Glycopolymer Decorated pH-Dependent Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe Based on Förster Resonance Energy Transfer for the Detection of Cancer Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200594. [PMID: 36302094 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Development of fluorescent imaging probes is an important topic of research for the early diagnosis of cancer. Based on the difference between the cellular environment of tumor cells and normal cells, several "smart" fluorescent probes have been developed. In this work, a glycopolymer functionalized Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) based fluorescent sensor is developed, which can monitor the pH change in cellular system. One-pot sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)polymerization technique is employed to synthesize fluorescent active triblock glycopolymer that can undergo FRET change on the variation of pH. A FRET pair, fluorescein o-acrylate (FA) and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) is linked via a pH-responsive polymer poly [2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDPAEMA), which can undergo reversible swelling/deswelling under acidic/neutral condition. The presence of glycopolymer segment provides stability, water solubility, and specificity toward cancer cells. The cellular FRET experiments on cancer cells (MDA MB 231) and normal cells (3T3 fibroblast cells) demonstrate that the material is capable of distinguishing cells as a function of pH change.
Collapse
|
9
|
Thermoluminescence glow curve analysis using temperature dependent frequency factor in OTOR model. RADIAT MEAS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2022.106820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
10
|
Gold Nanoparticle Embedded Stimuli-Responsive Functional Glycopolymer: A Potential Material for Synergistic Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer Cells. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200069. [PMID: 35797485 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy has emerged as a non-invasive treatment modality for several types of cancers. However, conventional hydrophobic photosensitizers (PS) suffer from low water solubility and poor tumor-targeting ability. Therefore, PS modified with glycopolymers can offer adequate water solubility, biocompatibility and tumor-targeting ability due to the presence of multiple sugar units. In this study, a well-defined block copolymer (BCP) poly(3-O-methacryloyl-D-glucopyranose)-b-poly(2-(4-formylbenzoyloxy)ethylmethacrylate) (PMAG-b-PFBEMA) containing pendant glucose and aldehyde units was synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization method. A water-soluble PS (toluidine blue O; TBO) and a potent anti-cancer drug, Doxorubicin (Dox) were introduced to the polymer backbone via acid-labile Schiff-base reaction (PMAG-b-PFBEMA_TBO_Dox). The PMAG-b-PFBEMA_TBO_Dox was then anchored on the surface of AuNP via electrostatic interaction. This hybrid system exhibited excellent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating ability under exposure of 630 nm LED along with triggered release of Dox under the acidic pH of tumor cells. The in vitro cytotoxicity study on human breast cancer cell line, MDA MB 231, for this hybrid system showed promising results due to the synergistic effect of ROS and Dox released. Thus, this glycopolymer-based dual (chemo-photodynamic) therapy model can work as potential material for future therapeutics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
|
11
|
TGF-β1 induced autophagy in cancer associated fibroblasts during hypoxia contributes EMT and glycolysis via MCT4 upregulation. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113195. [PMID: 35561786 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF- β1) in the tumor microenvironment(TME) is the major cytokine that acts as a mediator of tumor-stroma crosstalk, which in fact has a dual role in either promoting or suppressing tumor development. The cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major cell types in the TME, and the interaction with most of the epithelial cancers is the prime reason for cancer survival. However, the molecular mechanisms, associated with the TGF- β1 induced tumor promotion through tumor-CAF crosstalk are not well understood. In the Reverse Warburg effect, CAFs feed the adjacent cancer cells by lactate produced during the aerobic glycolysis. We hypothesized that the monocarboxylate transporter, MCT4 which is implicated in lactate efflux from the CAFs, must be overexpressed in the CAFs. Contextually, to explore the role of TGF- β1 in the hypoxia-induced autophagy in CAFs, we treated CoCl2 and external TGF- β1 to the human dermal fibroblasts and L929 murine fibroblasts. We demonstrated that hypoxia accelerated the TGF- β1 signaling and subsequent transformation of normal fibroblasts to CAFs. Moreover, we elucidated that synergistic induction of autophagy by hypoxia and TGF- β1 upregulate the aerobic glycolysis and MCT4 expression in CAFs. Furthermore, we showed a positive correlation between glucose consumption and MCT4 expression in the CAFs. Autophagy was also found to be involved in the EMT in hypoxic CAFs. Collectively, these findings reveal the unappreciated role of autophagy in TME, which enhances the CAF transformation and that promotes tumor migration and metastasis via the reverse Warburg effect.
Collapse
|
12
|
Laser intensity profile based terahertz field enhancement from a mixture of nano-particles embedded in a gas. OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS 2022; 54:222. [PMID: 35308634 PMCID: PMC8918081 DOI: 10.1007/s11082-022-03597-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nano-particle embedded system plays an importance in developing of future terahertz (THz) radiation source for real-world applications. The laser interactions with nanoparticle embedded system can produce a wide range of THz radiation due to plasma oscillations excitation. We investigate THz field generation from the laser-beat wave interaction with a mixture of spherical and cylindrical graphite nanoparticles in argon gas. Different laser intensity distributions such as Gaussian, cosh-Gaussian, flat-top and ring shape laser pulses have been studied in this work. The relevant plasmon resonance conditions with appropriate symmetry of spherical nanoparticles and cylindrical nanoparticles are discussed. THz field is enhanced upto the order of 10 2 when the laser intensity redistributes along the polarization direction for a ring shape field envelope.
Collapse
|
13
|
Understanding the function and regulation of Sox2 for its therapeutic potential in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188692. [PMID: 35122882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sox family of transcriptional factors play essential functions in development and are implicated in multiple clinical disorders, including cancer. Sox2 being their most prominent member and performing a critical role in reprogramming differentiated adult cells to an embryonic phenotype is frequently upregulated in multiple cancers. High Sox2 levels are detected in breast tumor tissues and correlate with a worse prognosis. In addition, Sox2 expression is connected with resistance to conventional anticancer therapy. Together, it can be said that inhibiting Sox2 expression can reduce the malignant features associated with breast cancer, including invasion, migration, proliferation, stemness, and chemoresistance. This review highlights the critical roles played by the Sox gene family members in initiating or suppressing breast tumor development, while primarily focusing on Sox2 and its role in breast tumor initiation, maintenance, and progression, elucidates the probable mechanisms that control its activity, and puts forward potential therapeutic strategies to inhibit its expression.
Collapse
|
14
|
THREE-POINT AREA METHOD FOR THERMOLUMINESCENCE GLOW CURVE ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE GLOW PEAK OF K2SRP2O7:PR. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2021; 193:247-258. [PMID: 33942069 DOI: 10.1093/raddos/ncab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A method has been proposed to evaluate the kinetic parameters, viz. activation energy ($E$) and order of kinetics ($b$) from a single or isolated thermoluminescence (TL) glow peak. Along with the area under the entire curve, this method uses a set of three arbitrary data points and calculates the partial area under the curve from each point to the endpoint. In this way, the entire information associated with the curve is used and the method is named as 'Three-Point Area' (TPA) method. We have applied it successfully on a number of theoretically simulated TL curves generated in One Trap One Recombination centre (OTOR) model and General-Order Kinetics (GOK) model under quasi-equilibrium approximations with linear heating scheme. The activation energies are found in good agreement with input values for both the models. For OTOR model, temperature average of order of kinetics is estimated to compare with the present result. Systematic analysis is carried out for estimation of errors inherent in the method in the purview of GOK model. A closer look on the results reveals that any set of three points, preferably chosen from the rising side of the curve, can yield activation energy and order of kinetics. The validity of the method to extract $E$ and $b$ from experimental glow curves is exemplified by considering experimental TL data reported in literature. Finally, a complete study starting from the synthesis of a new phosphor $\mathrm{K_2SrP_2O_7:Pr} $ and analysis of the recorded TL data to estimate $E$ and $b$ employing the TPA method has been reported.
Collapse
|
15
|
POS-362 PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF MEDICINE IN EARLY CKD STAGES IN ICKD COHORT STUDY. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
16
|
POS-333 THE INDIAN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STUDY: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
17
|
Ground-State Proton-Transfer (GSPT)-Assisted Enhanced Two-Photon Uncaging from a Binol-based AIE-Fluorogenic Phototrigger. Org Lett 2021; 23:2308-2313. [PMID: 33689383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated for the first time without any chemical modification the two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section can be enhanced and red-shifted to the near-infrared (NIR) region by the ground-state proton-transfer (GSPT) process. Using GSPT, we developed a simple binol-based aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-fluorogenic phototrigger having a large two-photon uncaging cross-section in the "phototherapeutic window". As a proof of concept, we showed our phototrigger for the release of two different anticancer drugs in the NIR region.
Collapse
|
18
|
Natural products based nanoformulations for cancer treatment: Current evolution in Indian research. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33621207 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abe8f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of medicinal plants is as ancient as human civilization. The development of phytochemistry and pharmacology facilitates the identification of natural bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action, including against cancer. The efficacy and the safety of a bioactive compound depend on its optimal delivery to the target site. Most natural bioactive compounds (phenols, flavonoids, tannins, etc.) are unable to reach their target sites due to their low water solubility, less cellular absorption, and high molecular weight, leading to their failure into clinical translation. Therefore, many scientific studies are going on to overcome the drawbacks of natural products for clinical applications. Several studies in India, as well as worldwide, have proposed the development of natural products-based nanoformulations to increase their efficacy and safety profile for cancer therapy by improving the delivery of natural bioactive compounds to their target site. Therefore, we are trying to discuss the development of natural products-based nanoformulations in India to improve the efficacy and safety of natural bioactive compounds against cancer.
Collapse
|
19
|
Indium(I)/CuFe2O4
Reagent for Allylation of Carbonyls and Epoxide Rearranged Carbonyls. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363220110274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Glycopolymer ornamented octa-arm POSS based organic-inorganic hybrid star block copolymer as a lectin binding ligand. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111210. [PMID: 32806224 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-polycaprolactone (POSS-PCL)-cored octa-arm star-shaped glyco block copolymer (BCP), poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(glucopyranose) (Star-POSS-PCL-b-PGlc) was successfully synthesized via the combination of ring opening polymerization (ROP) and MADIX (macromolecular design by interchange of xanthate) polymerization technique. Herein, initially octa(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl dimethylsiloxy) POSS (Star-POSS) was utilized to initiate the ROP of the ε-caprolactone to get octa-arm star-shaped Star-POSS-PCL. A successive bromination followed by xanthation of the synthesized Star-POSS-PCL polymer allowed us to further polymerize 3-O-acryloyl-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucofuranose (AIpGlc) via MADIX polymerization. Formation of the star-shaped block copolymer (BCP) was characterized using 1H NMR, FT-IR and DSC analyses. The morphology and the aqueous solution behavior of the Star-POSS-PCL-b-PGlc were analyzed using FESEM, HRTEM and DLS analyses, respectively. The lectin-binding efficiency of the star-shaped BCP having different glycopolymer block length was studied using turbidimetry assay and fluorescence quenching titration (FQT) using photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). Here, FITC labeled concanavalin A (FITC-Con A) was used as a model lectin. The cytotoxicity study of the star-shaped BCPs over the human fibroblast cells revealed the non-toxic nature of the BCPs which open up its great potential towards drug delivery vector.
Collapse
|
21
|
A two-photon responsive naphthyl tagged p-hydroxyphenacyl based drug delivery system: uncaging of anti-cancer drug in the phototherapeutic window with real-time monitoring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9986-9989. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01903h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A two-photon responsive drug delivery system having two-photon absorption (TPA) in the phototherapeutic window with a two-photon uncaging cross-section ≥10 GM and exhibiting real-time monitoring of anti-cancer drug release.
Collapse
|
22
|
Prospect of natural products in glioma: A novel avenue in glioma management. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2571-2584. [PMID: 31359523 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most perplexing cancers because of its infiltrating nature, molecular signaling, and location in central nervous system. Blood-brain barrier acts as a natural barrier to the glioma making it difficult to access by conventional chemotherapy. Clinicians are using natural compounds or their derivatives for several diseases including different cancers. However, the feasibility of using natural compounds in glioma is not explored in details. Natural compounds can act over a wide variety of signaling pathways such as survival and metabolic pathways and induce cell death. Some of the natural agents have additional benefits of crossing biological barriers such as blood-brain barrier with ease having few or no impact on the surrounding healthy cells. All of these benefits make natural compounds a prospective candidate for the glioma management. This article evaluates the benefits of using natural compounds for glioma therapy and their possible mechanism of actions. We have discussed the natural compounds assessed currently for glioma therapy and proposed a few novel natural compounds with potential antiglioma effect based on their mechanism of action.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract 4676: Cancer stem cell induces chemoresistance in breast cancer via macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediated activation of AKT pathway. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-4676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the significant problems of cancer management. Cellular crosstalk in tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in regulating the chemoresistance in cancer. Cancer stem cell (CSC) is one of the key players in the regulation of chemoresistance in cancer, and they modulate the tumor microenvironment to enhance the resistance to anti-cancer therapy. However, the exact mechanism by which CSC can influence the cellular crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment is mostly unknown. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is attributed to inducing therapeutic resistance in several cancers. We previously found a close relation of MIF secretion with a group of polyploid giant cells in chemoresistant breast cancer.
MIF secretion was increased in the media of the mammosphere of MDA MB 231 cell (231) as well as Doxorubicin (Dox) and 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) resistant 231 cells. MIF secretion also increased upon treating 231 with Dox and 5FU in a time-dependent manner. Addition of recombinant MIF in culture medium increased the resistance of 231 to chemotherapeutic agents, and a similar phenomenon was also observed upon treatment with conditioned medium from CSC. Chemoresistant breast cancer is enriched with the CSC population, and hence we hypothesized that the MIF was secreted from CSC populations and had a significant role in the regulation of chemoresistance in breast cancer. MIF expression was also increased in Chemoresistant breast cancer tissues compare to non-resistant ones. MIF also induced anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 and Bcl-xl by downregulating Bax and Bad as well as contributed to the chemoresistant phenotype. Conditioned media from CSC and exogenous MIF were unable to induce chemoresistance in parental 231 cell line in the presence of 4-IPP, a MIF inhibitor. The anti-apoptotic effect of exogenous MIF was also reversed by the inhibitor. Thus we confirmed that MIF played a significant role in the regulation of resistant phenotype in breast cancer microenvironment. Upon further analysis of molecular pathways, we found phosphorylation of AKT corresponded with the MIF secretion in CSC as well as chemoresistant 231 cell lines. MIF was able to increase the level of phosphorylated AKT in 231 cell line in a dose-dependent manner. When chemoresistant 231 cells were treated with MIF inhibitor, the AKT phosphorylation was inhibited. Silencing the AKT pathway via siRNA reversed the sensitization of exogenous MIF and reduced the resistance of both parental 231 as well as resistant 231 cells.
So, overall we conclude that MIF plays a crucial role in inducing chemoresistance in breast cancer by upregulating anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 and Bcl-xl & downregulating Bax and Bad through AKT phosphorylation. The MIF is mainly secreted by CSC population during self-renewal or stress caused by chemotherapy which activates anti-apoptotic pathways in tumor microenvironment.
Citation Format: Subhayan Das, Moumita Kundu, Aditya Parekh, Deblina Bharadwaj, Mahitosh Mandal. Cancer stem cell induces chemoresistance in breast cancer via macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediated activation of AKT pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4676.
Collapse
|
24
|
Mesoporous poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) membranes for lithium-ion battery separators. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
25
|
Stepwise dual stimuli triggered dual drug release by a single naphthalene based two-photon chromophore to reverse MDR for alkylating agents with dual surveillance in uncaging steps. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:13140-13143. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05604a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A single chromophore based dinitrophenylsulphonyl–naphthalene–chlorambucil conjugate drug delivery system is presented for the dual stimuli controlled release of SO2and chlorambucil.
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Morphology-dependent electrochemical performance of spinel-cobalt oxide nanomaterials towards lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
28
|
The morphology-dependent electrocatalytic activities of spinel-cobalt oxide nanomaterials for direct hydrazine fuel cell application. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01622d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Morphologically-tuned spinel-cobalt oxide nanomaterials such as pellet-, flower-, cube- and sheet-like structures as an anode for an enhanced hydrazine oxidation reaction (HOR) is demonstrated.
Collapse
|
29
|
Arsenic load in rice ecosystem and its mitigation through deficit irrigation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 197:89-95. [PMID: 28334647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rice the staple food is a notable intake source of arsenic to the rural population of eastern India through food-chain. A field survey was carried out to study the variation of arsenic load in different parts of rice genotype Shatabdi (most popular genotype of the region) exposed to varying level of arsenic present in the irrigation water and soil. As irrigation is the primary source of arsenic contamination, a study was conducted to assess arsenic load in rice ecosystem under deficit irrigation practices like intermittent ponding (IP), saturation (SAT) and aerobic (AER) imposed during stress allowable stage (16-40 days after transplanting) of the crop (genotype Shatabdi). Present survey showed that arsenic content in water and soil influenced the arsenic load of rice grain. Variation in arsenic among different water and soil samples influenced grain arsenic load to the maximum extent followed by straw. Deviation in root arsenic load due to variation in water and soil arsenic content was lowest. Arsenic concentration of grain is strongly related to the arsenic content of both irrigation water and soil. However, water has 10% higher impact on grain arsenic load over soil. Translocation of arsenic from root to shoot decreased with the increase in arsenic content of water. Imposition of saturated and aerobic environment reduced both yield and grain arsenic load. In contrast under IP a marked decrease in grain arsenic content recorded with insignificant reduction in yield. Deficit irrigation resulted in significant reduction (17.6-25%) in arsenic content of polished rice and the values were lower than that of the toxic level (<0.2 mg kg-1). In contrast the decrease in yield was to the tune of 0.9% under IP regime over CP.
Collapse
|
30
|
Investigating the effect of mosambi (Citrus limetta) peel powder on physicochemical and sensory properties of cookies. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2015.0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
31
|
Intraguild Predation in Heteroptera: Effects of Density and Predator Identity on Dipteran Prey. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 44:374-384. [PMID: 26174962 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-015-0286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In tropical freshwaters, different species of water bugs (Heteroptera) constitute a guild sharing similar prey resources including chironomid and mosquito larvae. Assuming possibilities of intraguild predation (IGP) among the constituent members, an attempt was made to evaluate the effects of prey and predator density on the mortality of mosquito and chironomid larvae (shared prey), using Laccotrephes griseus Guérin-Méneville (Hemiptera: Nepidae) and Ranatra filiformis Fabricius (Hemiptera: Nepidae) as IG predators and Anisops bouvieri Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Notonectidae) as IG prey. The predation on mosquito and chironomid larvae varied with the density and combinations of the predators. When present as conspecific IG predators, L. griseus exhibited greater effect on the prey mortality than R. filiformis. The effects on shared prey suggest that the two predators are not substitutable in terms of the effect on the shared prey mortality. The mortality of A. bouvieri (IG prey) at low shared prey density was significantly different (p < 0.05) from high shared prey density. In view of predatory effect of the heteropteran predators on the dipteran larvae, the results suggest possible interference by the presence of A. bouvieri as an intermediate predator. It seems that the presence of heteropteran predators including A. bouvieri as IG prey may benefit the dipteran prey under situations when the density is low in tropical waters. The intensity of the predatory effect may differ based on the species composition at IG predator level. For mosquito biological control, the interactions between the predators may not be substitutable and are independent in their effects.
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Recently, it has been greatly appreciated that intense light matter interaction is modified due to the nano- and microstructures in the target by--surface plasmons, laser energy localization scattering etc. Extreme laser intensities produce dense plasmas and collective mechanisms generate energetic electrons, ions and hard x-rays. Recently, it is postulated that the anharmonic electron motion, driven by ultrashort, high-intensity laser pulses, provides a universal mechanism for the laser absorption. Here, we provide the first demonstration of anharmonic-resonance-aided high laser-absorption in a biological system. At intensities of ∼ 10¹⁶⁻¹⁸ W/cm², 40 fs pulses excite a plasma formed with E. coli bacteria. The density-inhomogeneities due to the micro- and nanostructures in the bacterial target increase anharmonic resonance (AHR) heating and result in a 10⁴-fold enhancement in the hard x-ray yield compared to plain solid targets. These observations lead to novel high-energy x-ray sources that have implications to lithography, imaging and medical applications.
Collapse
|
33
|
Nuclear ULK1 promotes cell death in response to oxidative stress through PARP1. Cell Death Differ 2015; 23:216-30. [PMID: 26138443 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may cause cellular damage and oxidative stress-induced cell death. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved intracellular catabolic process, is executed by autophagy (ATG) proteins, including the autophagy initiation kinase Unc-51-like kinase (ULK1)/ATG1. Although autophagy has been implicated to have both cytoprotective and cytotoxic roles in the response to ROS, the role of individual ATG proteins, including ULK1, remains poorly characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that ULK1 sensitizes cells to necrotic cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Moreover, we demonstrate that ULK1 localizes to the nucleus and regulates the activity of the DNA damage repair protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in a kinase-dependent manner. By enhancing PARP1 activity, ULK1 contributes to ATP depletion and death of H2O2-treated cells. Our study provides the first evidence of an autophagy-independent prodeath role for nuclear ULK1 in response to ROS-induced damage. On the basis of our data, we propose that the subcellular distribution of ULK1 has an important role in deciding whether a cell lives or dies on exposure to adverse environmental or intracellular conditions.
Collapse
|
34
|
Anomalous collisional absorption of laser pulses in underdense plasma at low temperature. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:043102. [PMID: 25974597 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.043102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In a previous paper [M. Kundu, Phys. Plasmas 21, 013302 (2014)], fractional collisional absorption (α) of laser light in underdense plasma was studied by using a classical scattering model of electron-ion collision frequency ν(ei), where total velocity v=√[v(th)(2)+v(0)(2)] (with v(th) and v(0) as the thermal and the ponderomotive velocity of an electron) dependent Coulomb logarithm lnΛ(v) was shown to be responsible for the anomalous (unconventional) increase of ν(ei) and α(∝ν(ei)) with the laser intensity I(0) up to a maximum value about an intensity I(c) in the low temperature (T(e)<15eV) regime and a conventional ≈I(0)(-3/2) decrease when I(0)≫I(c). One may object that the anomalous increase in ν(ei) and α were partly due to the artifact introduced in lnΛ through the maximum cutoff distance b(max)∝v. In this work, we show similar anomalous increase in ν(ei) and α versus I(0) (in the low temperature and underdense density regime) with more accurate quantum and classical kinetic models of ν(ei) without using lnΛ, but with a proper choice of the total velocity dependent inverse cutoff length k(max)∝v(2) (classical) or k(max)∝v (quantum). For a given I(0)<5×10(14)Wcm(-2), ν(ei) versus T(e) also exhibits so far unnoticed identical anomalous increase as ν(ei) versus I(0), even if the conventional k(max)∝v(th)(2) or k(max)∝v(th) (without v(0)) is chosen. The total velocity dependent k(max) in the kinetic models, as proposed here, is found to explain the anomalous increase of α with I(0) measured in some earlier laser-plasma experiments.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Intense laser produced plasmas generate hot electrons which in turn leads to ion acceleration. Ability to generate faster ions or hotter electrons using the same laser parameters is one of the main outstanding paradigms in the intense laser-plasma physics. Here, we present a simple, albeit, unconventional target that succeeds in generating 700 keV carbon ions where conventional targets for the same laser parameters generate at most 40 keV. A few layers of micron sized bacteria coating on a polished surface increases the laser energy coupling and generates a hotter plasma which is more effective for the ion acceleration compared to the conventional polished targets. Particle-in-cell simulations show that micro-particle coated target are much more effective in ion acceleration as seen in the experiment. We envisage that the accelerated, high-energy carbon ions can be used as a source for multiple applications.
Collapse
|
36
|
P4.040 Study to Explore the Sexual Behaviour and Practises, and Drug Use Pattern Among Female Injecting Drug Users in Sikkim. Sex Transm Infect 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
37
|
|
38
|
P4.107 Parents Child Communication Improvement Among HIV Infected & Affected Children. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
39
|
P4.096 Sexual Network and Practise of Female Sex Workers in Sikkim. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
40
|
Activation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages is Required for Hepatocyte Growth Factor Enhanced Invasiveness and Predicts Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
41
|
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection induces a chronic gastric inflammatory infiltrate. This study was undertaken to evaluate the type of the innate immune responses elicited by the secreted peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase of H. pylori (HP0175). The cytokine production induced by HP0175 in neutrophils, and monocytes was evaluated. HP0175 was able to induce the expression of IL-23 in neutrophils, and monocytes, and IL-6, IL-1beta and TGF-beta in monocytes. These findings indicate that HP0175 is able to promote the activation of innate cells and the production of a cytokine milieu that may favour the development of Th17 response.
Collapse
|
42
|
A bright point source of ultrashort hard x-ray pulses using biological cells. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:5754-5761. [PMID: 22418381 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.005754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the interaction of intense femtosecond light on a plain solid substrate can be substantially altered by a few micron layer coating of bacterial cells, live or dead. Using E. Coli cells, we show that at an intensity of 10(16)W cm(-2), the bremsstraahlung hard x-ray emission (up to 300 keV), is increased by more than two orders of magnitude as compared to a plain glass slab. Particle-in-cell simulations carried out by modeling the bacterial cells as ellipsoidal particles show that the hot electron generation is indeed enhanced by the presence of microstructures. This new methodology should pave way for using microbiological systems of varied shapes to control intense laser produced plasmas for EUV/x-ray generation.
Collapse
|
43
|
Transformation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cancer Associated Fibroblasts Within the Tumor Microenvironment. J Surg Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
44
|
|
45
|
Dissolution kinetics of nickel laterite ore using different secondary metabolic acids. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-66322011000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
46
|
Estradiol Induced Regression of T47D:A18/PKCα Tumor Involves Translocation of Estrogen Receptor alpha from the Nucleus to the Cytoplasm. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-4140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Resistance to tamoxifen (TAM) is one of the most challenging problems in the treatment of breast cancer. In our laboratory we have developed a PKCα overexpressing T47D:A18 cell line which is TAMresistant and 17β estradiol (E2) independent compared to the E2 dependent T47D:A18/neo cell line (Chisamore et al, 2001). PKCα overexpression is known to be associated with TAM treatment failure in breast cancer (Tonetti et al, 2003). This T47D:A18/PKCα model exhibits E2-induced tumor regression in in vivo or when grown in matrigel (3D matrix) but not on 2D plastic. Recently we have demonstrated that tumor regression involves participation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), Fas/FasL and the extracellular matrix (Zhang et al, 2009). Interestingly membrane impermeable E2-BSA conjugate mediates growth inhibition of T47D:A18/PKCα colonies in matrigel similar to E2 suggesting a potential role of extranuclear ERα. On the basis of our preliminary data we investigated whether extranuclear ERα may play a critical role in E2-induced tumor regression.Materials and methods: T47D:A18/PKCα cells were injected into mammary fat pads of 20 ovariectomized athymic mice. Mice were left untreated and tumors were allowed to grow until the mean tumor size reached 0.5 cm2, then 10 mice were implanted with a 1.0 cm E2 capsule and the other 10 continued with no treatment (control). T47D:A18/neo tumors were also established in 10 athymic mice in the presence of E2. Four micrometer thick sections were prepared from the paraffin embedded T47D:A18/PKCα tumor tissues of control and E2-treated mice and T47D:A18/neo tumors. For immunofluorescence staining, alexa fluor 488 and Cy3 fluorescence tagged secondary antibodies were used against ERα and β-actin primary antibodies respectively.Results: Immunofluorescence images of T47D:A18/PKCα tumor sections from untreated control mice showed that the ERα was mainly localized in the nucleus. Interestingly, treatment with E2 resulted in significant translocation of ERα from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of tumor cells. Immunofluorescence analysis of tumor sections obtained from E2 treated mice indicated that approximately 5-10% of cells contained ERα localized to the plasma membrane whereas the majority of ERα was localized to the cytosol. However in T47D:A18/neo tumors the majority of ERα was found in the nucleus suggesting the involvement of the ERE mediated classical pathway in tumor growth.Discussion: This is the first time we are reporting that E2-induced T47D:A18/PKCα tumor regression is accompanied by translocation of ERα to extranuclear sites. E2-induced tumor regression observed in our pre-clinical model suggests E2 or an E2-like compound may be a potential treatment option for patients harboring PKCα overexpressing tumors. Furthermore the extranuclear ERα signaling pathway may be an attractive therapeutic target to treat PKCα overexpressing tumors that are refractory to current endocrine therapies.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4140.
Collapse
|
47
|
A microprocessor based system for on-line data reduction of ECG signal and arrhythmia detection. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2009. [DOI: 10.1515/bmte.1988.33.s2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
48
|
Prediction of equilibrium solubility of CO2 in aqueous alkanolamines using differential evolution algorithm. CAN J CHEM ENG 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.20008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
49
|
In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extract from Plants Diospyros peregrina, Coccinia grandis and Swietenia macrophylla. TROP J PHARM RES 2007. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v6i3.14658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
50
|
O325 Characterisation of polyphosphate kinase 1 of mycobacteria and its role in persistence. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)70215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|