Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in caspase-8-deficient neuroblastoma cells is mediated through direct action on mitochondria.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2001;
48:423-8. [PMID:
11800021 DOI:
10.1007/s002800100375]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED
The induction of p53 expression and stimulation of the Fas/caspase-8 pathway represent major mechanisms by which cytotoxic drugs induce apoptosis, but in neuroblastomas, the caspase-8 gene is often not expressed.
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to determine whether doxorubicin could induce apoptosis in caspase-8-deficient neuroblastoma cells and to define its mechanism of action.
METHODS
The caspase-8-deficient human neuroblastoma cell line, SKN-SH, was incubated with doxorubicin and the apoptotic response, as well as expression of apoptotic molecules in the p53/ Fas/caspase-8 pathway, were determined.
RESULTS
SKN-SH cells incubated with doxorubicin readily underwent apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blot analyses with specific antibodies demonstrated that both p53 and Fas ligand were endogenously expressed in SKN-SH cells, but their expression was not stimulated by doxorubicin. Fas receptor was not detected in these cells and caspase-8 was totally absent. Electron microscopic analyses of SKN-SH cells treated with doxorubicin revealed pronounced alterations in mitochondrial structure. This treatment also induced the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and activated the downstream apoptotic intermediate, caspase-3.
CONCLUSION
These results indicate that the p53/Fas/caspase-8 system does not play a role in mediating the apoptotic action of doxorubicin in the human neuroblastoma cell line SKN-SH. Thus, mitochondria and downstream apoptotic signaling intermediates may be considered as key targets for doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma tumors having deficiencies in the Fas/caspase-8 system.
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