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Kettle B, Gerstmayr E, Streeter MJV, Albert F, Baggott RA, Bourgeois N, Cole JM, Dann S, Falk K, Gallardo González I, Hussein AE, Lemos N, Lopes NC, Lundh O, Ma Y, Rose SJ, Spindloe C, Symes DR, Šmíd M, Thomas AGR, Watt R, Mangles SPD. Single-Shot Multi-keV X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Using an Ultrashort Laser-Wakefield Accelerator Source. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:254801. [PMID: 31922780 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.254801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single-shot absorption measurements have been performed using the multi-keV x rays generated by a laser-wakefield accelerator. A 200 TW laser was used to drive a laser-wakefield accelerator in a mode which produced broadband electron beams with a maximum energy above 1 GeV and a broad divergence of ≈15 mrad FWHM. Betatron oscillations of these electrons generated 1.2±0.2×10^{6} photons/eV in the 5 keV region, with a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 300∶1. This was sufficient to allow high-resolution x-ray absorption near-edge structure measurements at the K edge of a titanium sample in a single shot. We demonstrate that this source is capable of single-shot, simultaneous measurements of both the electron and ion distributions in matter heated to eV temperatures by comparison with density functional theory simulations. The unique combination of a high-flux, large bandwidth, few femtosecond duration x-ray pulse synchronized to a high-power laser will enable key advances in the study of ultrafast energetic processes such as electron-ion equilibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kettle
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - E Gerstmayr
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M J V Streeter
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - F Albert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R A Baggott
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - N Bourgeois
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J M Cole
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S Dann
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - K Falk
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Physics of the ASCR, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - A E Hussein
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2099, USA
| | - N Lemos
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N C Lopes
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, U.L., Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - O Lundh
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, S-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Y Ma
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - S J Rose
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - C Spindloe
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D R Symes
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Šmíd
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - A G R Thomas
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2099, USA
| | - R Watt
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S P D Mangles
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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2
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Hussein AE, Senabulya N, Ma Y, Streeter MJV, Kettle B, Dann SJD, Albert F, Bourgeois N, Cipiccia S, Cole JM, Finlay O, Gerstmayr E, González IG, Higginbotham A, Jaroszynski DA, Falk K, Krushelnick K, Lemos N, Lopes NC, Lumsdon C, Lundh O, Mangles SPD, Najmudin Z, Rajeev PP, Schlepütz CM, Shahzad M, Smid M, Spesyvtsev R, Symes DR, Vieux G, Willingale L, Wood JC, Shahani AJ, Thomas AGR. Laser-wakefield accelerators for high-resolution X-ray imaging of complex microstructures. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3249. [PMID: 30824838 PMCID: PMC6397215 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser-wakefield accelerators (LWFAs) are high acceleration-gradient plasma-based particle accelerators capable of producing ultra-relativistic electron beams. Within the strong focusing fields of the wakefield, accelerated electrons undergo betatron oscillations, emitting a bright pulse of X-rays with a micrometer-scale source size that may be used for imaging applications. Non-destructive X-ray phase contrast imaging and tomography of heterogeneous materials can provide insight into their processing, structure, and performance. To demonstrate the imaging capability of X-rays from an LWFA we have examined an irregular eutectic in the aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) system. The lamellar spacing of the Al-Si eutectic microstructure is on the order of a few micrometers, thus requiring high spatial resolution. We present comparisons between the sharpness and spatial resolution in phase contrast images of this eutectic alloy obtained via X-ray phase contrast imaging at the Swiss Light Source (SLS) synchrotron and X-ray projection microscopy via an LWFA source. An upper bound on the resolving power of 2.7 ± 0.3 μm of the LWFA source in this experiment was measured. These results indicate that betatron X-rays from laser wakefield acceleration can provide an alternative to conventional synchrotron sources for high resolution imaging of eutectics and, more broadly, complex microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Hussein
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA.
| | - N Senabulya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA
| | - Y Ma
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA.,Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.,The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK
| | - M J V Streeter
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.,The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.,The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - B Kettle
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - S J D Dann
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.,The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK
| | - F Albert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, NIF and Photon Sciences, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - N Bourgeois
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - S Cipiccia
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - J M Cole
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - O Finlay
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.,The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK
| | - E Gerstmayr
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - A Higginbotham
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - D A Jaroszynski
- The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.,SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - K Falk
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Institute of Physics of the ASCR, 182 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Krushelnick
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA
| | - N Lemos
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, NIF and Photon Sciences, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - N C Lopes
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, U.L., Lisboa, 1049-001, Portugal
| | - C Lumsdon
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - O Lundh
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, S-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - S P D Mangles
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Z Najmudin
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - P P Rajeev
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - C M Schlepütz
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M Shahzad
- The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.,SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - M Smid
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics of the ASCR, 182 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R Spesyvtsev
- The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.,SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - D R Symes
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - G Vieux
- The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK.,SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - L Willingale
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA
| | - J C Wood
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - A J Shahani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA
| | - A G R Thomas
- Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA.,Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.,The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK
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3
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Streeter MJV, Kneip S, Bloom MS, Bendoyro RA, Chekhlov O, Dangor AE, Döpp A, Hooker CJ, Holloway J, Jiang J, Lopes NC, Nakamura H, Norreys PA, Palmer CAJ, Rajeev PP, Schreiber J, Symes DR, Wing M, Mangles SPD, Najmudin Z. Observation of Laser Power Amplification in a Self-Injecting Laser Wakefield Accelerator. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:254801. [PMID: 29979081 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.254801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on the depletion and power amplification of the driving laser pulse in a strongly driven laser wakefield accelerator. Simultaneous measurement of the transmitted pulse energy and temporal shape indicate an increase in peak power from 187±11 TW to a maximum of 318±12 TW after 13 mm of propagation in a plasma density of 0.9×10^{18} cm^{-3}. The power amplification is correlated with the injection and acceleration of electrons in the nonlinear wakefield. This process is modeled by including a localized redshift and subsequent group delay dispersion at the laser pulse front.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J V Streeter
- The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S Kneip
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M S Bloom
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - R A Bendoyro
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - O Chekhlov
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - A E Dangor
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Döpp
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - C J Hooker
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Holloway
- High Energy Physics Group, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J Jiang
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - N C Lopes
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - H Nakamura
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P A Norreys
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - C A J Palmer
- The Cockcroft Institute, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - P P Rajeev
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J Schreiber
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D R Symes
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Wing
- High Energy Physics Group, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S P D Mangles
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Najmudin
- John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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4
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Cole JM, Wood JC, Lopes NC, Poder K, Abel RL, Alatabi S, Bryant JSJ, Jin A, Kneip S, Mecseki K, Symes DR, Mangles SPD, Najmudin Z. Laser-wakefield accelerators as hard x-ray sources for 3D medical imaging of human bone. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13244. [PMID: 26283308 PMCID: PMC5289072 DOI: 10.1038/srep13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A bright μm-sized source of hard synchrotron x-rays (critical energy Ecrit > 30 keV) based on the betatron oscillations of laser wakefield accelerated electrons has been developed. The potential of this source for medical imaging was demonstrated by performing micro-computed tomography of a human femoral trabecular bone sample, allowing full 3D reconstruction to a resolution below 50 μm. The use of a 1 cm long wakefield accelerator means that the length of the beamline (excluding the laser) is dominated by the x-ray imaging distances rather than the electron acceleration distances. The source possesses high peak brightness, which allows each image to be recorded with a single exposure and reduces the time required for a full tomographic scan. These properties make this an interesting laboratory source for many tomographic imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Cole
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | - J C Wood
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | - N C Lopes
- 1] The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK [2] GoLP, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Portugal
| | - K Poder
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | - R L Abel
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, MSk Laboratory, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College London, London W6 8RF, UK
| | - S Alatabi
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | - J S J Bryant
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | - A Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City and Guilds Building, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - S Kneip
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | - K Mecseki
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | - D R Symes
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - S P D Mangles
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
| | - Z Najmudin
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, UK
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5
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Najmudin Z, Kneip S, Bloom MS, Mangles SPD, Chekhlov O, Dangor AE, Döpp A, Ertel K, Hawkes SJ, Holloway J, Hooker CJ, Jiang J, Lopes NC, Nakamura H, Norreys PA, Rajeev PP, Russo C, Streeter MJV, Symes DR, Wing M. Compact laser accelerators for X-ray phase-contrast imaging. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2014; 372:20130032. [PMID: 24470414 PMCID: PMC3900035 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2013.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Advances in X-ray imaging techniques have been driven by advances in novel X-ray sources. The latest fourth-generation X-ray sources can boast large photon fluxes at unprecedented brightness. However, the large size of these facilities means that these sources are not available for everyday applications. With advances in laser plasma acceleration, electron beams can now be generated at energies comparable to those used in light sources, but in university-sized laboratories. By making use of the strong transverse focusing of plasma accelerators, bright sources of betatron radiation have been produced. Here, we demonstrate phase-contrast imaging of a biological sample for the first time by radiation generated by GeV electron beams produced by a laser accelerator. The work was performed using a greater than 300 TW laser, which allowed the energy of the synchrotron source to be extended to the 10-100 keV range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Najmudin
- John Adams Institute, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - S. Kneip
- John Adams Institute, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - M. S. Bloom
- John Adams Institute, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - S. P. D. Mangles
- John Adams Institute, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - O. Chekhlov
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, UK
| | - A. E. Dangor
- John Adams Institute, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - A. Döpp
- John Adams Institute, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - K. Ertel
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, UK
| | - S. J. Hawkes
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, UK
| | - J. Holloway
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
| | - C. J. Hooker
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, UK
| | - J. Jiang
- Grupo de Lasers e Plasmas, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N. C. Lopes
- Grupo de Lasers e Plasmas, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - H. Nakamura
- John Adams Institute, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - P. A. Norreys
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, UK
| | - P. P. Rajeev
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, UK
| | - C. Russo
- Grupo de Lasers e Plasmas, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M. J. V. Streeter
- John Adams Institute, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - D. R. Symes
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, UK
| | - M. Wing
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
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6
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Sardinha AB, Abreu E, Dias JM, Douillet D, Figueira G, Imran T, Kozlova M, Lemos N, Lopes NC, Miranda J, Rey G, Zeitoun P, Fajardo M, Dumitras D. Generation of tunable EUV radiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3426086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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7
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Green JS, Ovchinnikov VM, Evans RG, Akli KU, Azechi H, Beg FN, Bellei C, Freeman RR, Habara H, Heathcote R, Key MH, King JA, Lancaster KL, Lopes NC, Ma T, MacKinnon AJ, Markey K, McPhee A, Najmudin Z, Nilson P, Onofrei R, Stephens R, Takeda K, Tanaka KA, Theobald W, Tanimoto T, Waugh J, Van Woerkom L, Woolsey NC, Zepf M, Davies JR, Norreys PA. Effect of laser intensity on fast-electron-beam divergence in solid-density plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:015003. [PMID: 18232779 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal foil targets were irradiated with 1 mum wavelength (lambda) laser pulses of 5 ps duration and focused intensities (I) of up to 4x10;{19} W cm;{-2}, giving values of both Ilambda;{2} and pulse duration comparable to those required for fast ignition inertial fusion. The divergence of the electrons accelerated into the target was determined from spatially resolved measurements of x-ray K_{alpha} emission and from transverse probing of the plasma formed on the back of the foils. Comparison of the divergence with other published data shows that it increases with Ilambda;{2} and is independent of pulse duration. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations reproduce these results, indicating that it is a fundamental property of the laser-plasma interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Green
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
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9
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Lopes NC, Figueira G, Silva LO, Dias JM, Fonseca R, Cardoso L, Russo C, Carias C, Mendes G, Vieira J, Mendonça JT. Plasma channels produced by a laser-triggered high-voltage discharge. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2003; 68:035402. [PMID: 14524825 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.68.035402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A plasma waveguide scheme for high-intensity laser guiding with densities and lengths suitable for laser-plasma particle accelerators is presented. This scheme uses a laser-triggered high-voltage discharge, presents negligible jitter, allows full access to the plasma, and can be scaled to large distances. Experimental results showing the feasibility of this scheme are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Lopes
- GoLP-Centro de Fisica dos Plasmas, Instituto Superior Tecnico-Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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10
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Dias JM, Lopes NC, Silva LO, Figueira G, Mendonça JT, Stenz C, Blasco F, Dos Santos A, Mysyrowicz A. Photon acceleration of ultrashort laser pulses by relativistic ionization fronts. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2002; 66:056406. [PMID: 12513606 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.66.056406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2001] [Revised: 08/02/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental results from the collision of weak ultrashort pulses with relativistic ionization fronts in copropagation and counterpropagation. The observed frequency upshifts of the probe pulses provide not only information about the electron density of the ionization front but also reveal the fine structure of the front. The connection between the correlation lengths for copropagation and counterpropagation and the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the ionization front is also demonstrated thus showing the feasibility of using the frequency upshift experienced by short probe pulses to fully characterize relativistic ionization fronts and other relativistic coherent structures in laser-produced plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Dias
- GoLP/Centro de Física de Plasmas, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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Dias JM, Lopes NC, Silva LO, Figueira G, Mendonça JT. Two-dimensional collision of probe photons with relativistic ionization fronts. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2002; 65:036404. [PMID: 11909259 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.036404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The collision of a probe laser pulse with a relativistic ionization front is analyzed via two-dimensional ray-tracing theory and simulations. It is shown that collisions in higher dimensions lead to new regimes for the frequency upshift of the probe photons; the frequency upshift can be considerably higher for particular collision angles that maximize the interaction length with the ionization front gradient. Finite ionization fronts also lead to angle-dependent frequency upshifts, thus acting as diffraction gratings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Dias
- GoLP/Centro de Física de Plasmas, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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