Synthesis of Glycyrrhizic Acid Conjugates with Amino-Acid Methyl Esters and their Ability to Stimulate Antibody Genesis in Mice

Conjugates of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) with methyl esters of L-amino acids (valine, methionine, and glutamic acid) containing the amino-acid residues in the carbohydrate moiety of the glycoside were synthesized using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide. The resulting GA conjugates at a dose of 2 mg/kg stimulated a primary immune response (production of antibody-forming cells, AFCs) in outbred mice by 1.6 - 3 times as compared with the control. The conjugate of GA with Glu(OMe)₂ stimulated antibody genesis in outbred mice 1.7 times more efficiently than N-acetylmuramyl dipeptide and showed a stimulating effect on AFC production in the spleen of CBA mice.

Choleretic activity of 2-demethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-11-deoxymisoprostol on the model of CCl4-induced hepatitis

Therapeutic administration of 11-deoxymisoprostol had a hepatoprotective effect, which manifested in a decrease in the content of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in blood plasma, and produced a choleretic effect in rats with CCI4-induced toxic hepatitis.

[Effect of 11-deoxymisoprostol ethyl ether sodium salt on thrombocyte aggregation and prothrombin time]

11-Deoxymisoprostol demonstrates antiaggregant properties with respect to the adrenalin-, collagen-, and ADP-induced aggregation of thrombocytes, which is manifested by a decrease in the rate of blood platelet agglutination and their secretion, and by an increase in the time of thrombus formation.

[Hepatoprotective effect of 2-demethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-11-deoxymisoprostol]

2-Demethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-11-deoxymisoprostol (11-DMP) produces antioxidant effect on the models of toxic hepatitis induced by paracetamol and carbon tetrachloride. The drug normalizes the lipid peroxidation (LPO) prosess in rat liver of the rat and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the rat blood, thus demonstrating hepatoprotective action.

Gastroprotective properties of 11-deoxymisoprostol (prostaglandin E1 analog) and its effect on the level of sialic acids in gastric tissue of rats with peptic ulcer

11-Deoxymisoprostol (prostaglandin E1 analog) exhibited a pronounced gastroprotective effect on various models of experimental ulcers induced by nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs. A relationship between high resistance of the gastroduodenal mucosa under the effect of 11-deoxymisoprostol and changes in the level of sialic acid was detected.

[Some aspects of the antiarrhythmic effect of glialin]

The antiarrhythmic activity of allapinine and glialin (a complex of allapinin and glycyrrhizic acid) was studied on models of arrhythmias induced in rats and guinea pigs by intravenous administration of calcium chloride, aconitine, barium chloride, and strophanthin. The antiarrhythmic activity of glialin is qualitatively analogous to that of allapinine. The advantage of glialin over allapinin is its low toxicity, which is due to the presence of glycyrrhizic acid.

[Pharmacological properties of 11-deoxymisoprostol]

11-Deoxymisoprostol showed gastroprotector activity on the acute models of ulcers induced by acetylsalicylic acid and ethanol and produced curative effect on the chronic ulceration model induced by acetic acid. The positive effect is manifested by a decrease in the number of destructions and in the total area of chronic damage in the mucous membrane of the stomach. In addition, 11-deoxymisoprostol showed antiphlogistic activity on the acute edema models induced by carrageenan and formalin, by decreasing the model foot edema growth in experimental animals. The drug also decreased the level of lipid peroxidation in the rat blood serum on the background of acute ethanol ulceration.