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Bavinger C, Bendavid E, Niehaus K, Olshen RA, Olkin I, Sundaram V, Wein N, Holodniy M, Hou N, Owens DK, Desai M. Risk of cardiovascular disease from antiretroviral therapy for HIV: a systematic review. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59551. [PMID: 23555704 PMCID: PMC3608726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggest certain antiretroviral therapy (ART) drugs are associated with increases in cardiovascular disease. Purpose We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the available evidence, with the goal of elucidating whether specific ART drugs are associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Data Sources We searched Medline, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and abstract archives from the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections and International AIDS Society up to June 2011 to identify published articles and abstracts. Study Selection Eligible studies were comparative and included MI, strokes, or other cardiovascular events as outcomes. Data Extraction Eligibility screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two investigators. Data Synthesis Random effects methods and Fisher’s combined probability test were used to summarize evidence. Findings Twenty-seven studies met inclusion criteria, with 8 contributing to a formal meta-analysis. Findings based on two observational studies indicated an increase in risk of MI for patients recently exposed (usually defined as within last 6 months) to abacavir (RR 1.92, 95% CI 1.51–2.42) and protease inhibitors (PI) (RR 2.13, 95% CI 1.06–4.28). Our analysis also suggested an increased risk associated with each additional year of exposure to indinavir (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.05–1.17) and lopinavir (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01–1.47). Our findings of increased cardiovascular risk from abacavir and PIs were in contrast to four published meta-analyses based on secondary analyses of randomized controlled trials, which found no increased risk from cardiovascular disease. Conclusion Although observational studies implicated specific drugs, the evidence is mixed. Further, meta-analyses of randomized trials did not find increased risk from abacavir and PIs. Our findings that implicate specific ARTs in the observational setting provide sufficient evidence to warrant further investigation of this relationship in studies designed for that purpose.
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Systematic Review |
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Yaemsiri S, Hou N, Slining MM, He K. Growth rate of human fingernails and toenails in healthy American young adults. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 24:420-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Li Z, Song Y, Liu L, Hou N, An X, Zhan D, Li Y, Zhou L, Li P, Yu L, Xia J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Yang X. miR-199a impairs autophagy and induces cardiac hypertrophy through mTOR activation. Cell Death Differ 2015; 24:1205-1213. [PMID: 26160071 PMCID: PMC5520159 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal autophagy is tightly regulated by transcriptional and epigenetic factors to maintain cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of cardiac autophagy is associated with heart diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy, but the mechanism governing cardiac autophagy is rarely identified. To analyze the in vivo function of miR-199a in cardiac autophagy and cardiac hypertrophy, we generated cardiac-specific miR-199a transgenic mice and showed that overexpression of miR-199a was sufficient to inhibit cardiomyocyte autophagy and induce cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. miR-199a impaired cardiomyocyte autophagy in a cell-autonomous manner by targeting glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex signaling. Overexpression of autophagy related gene 5 (Atg5) attenuated the hypertrophic effects of miR-199a overexpression on cardiomyocytes, and activation of autophagy using rapamycin was sufficient to restore cardiac autophagy and decrease cardiac hypertrophy in miR-199a transgenic mice. These results reveal a novel role of miR-199a as a key regulator of cardiac autophagy, suggesting that targeting miRNAs controlling autophagy as a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiac disease.
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Journal Article |
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Kaklamani VG, Hou N, Bian Y, Reich J, Offit K, Michel LS, Rubinstein WS, Rademaker A, Pasche B. TGFBR1*6A and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of seven case-control studies. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21:3236-43. [PMID: 12947057 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2003.11.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE TGFBR1*6A is a hypomorphic polymorphic allele of the type I transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFBR1). TGFBR1*6A is a candidate tumor susceptibility allele that has been associated with an increased incidence of various types of cancer. This study was undertaken to analyze all published case-control studies on TGFBR1*6A and cancer and determine whether TGFBR1*6A is associated with cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS All published case-control studies assessing the germline frequency of TGFBR1*6A were included. Studies assessing TGFBR1*6A in tumors were excluded. The results of seven studies comprising 2,438 cases and 1,846 controls were pooled and analyzed. RESULTS Overall, TGFBR1*6A carriers have a 26% increased risk of cancer (odds ratio [OR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.49). Cancer risk for TGFBR1*6A homozygotes (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.39 to 4.61) is twice that of TGFBR1*6A heterozygotes (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.51). Analysis of various types of tumors shows that TGFBR1*6A carriers are at increased risk of developing breast cancer (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.96), hematological malignancies (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.54), and ovarian cancer (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.17). Carriers of TGFBR1*6A who are from the United States are at increased risk of colorectal cancer (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.86). However, Southern European TGFBR1*6A carriers have no increased colorectal cancer risk. There is no association between TGFBR1*6A and bladder cancer. CONCLUSION TGFBR1*6A is emerging as a highfrequency, low-penetrance tumor susceptibility allele that predisposes to the development of breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer, as well as hematologic malignancies.
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Meta-Analysis |
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Pasche B, Kaklamani V, Hou N, Young T, Rademaker A, Peterlongo P, Ellis N, Offit K, Caldes T, Reiss M, Zheng T. TGFBR1*6A and cancer: a meta-analysis of 12 case-control studies. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22:756-8. [PMID: 14966109 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.99.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
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Tchou J, Hou N, Rademaker A, Jordan VC, Morrow M. Acceptance of tamoxifen chemoprevention by physicians and women at risk. Cancer 2004; 100:1800-6. [PMID: 15112259 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.20205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) P-1 trial, tamoxifen was shown to reduce breast carcinoma risk by 49% in high-risk women. The purpose of the current study was to identify factors associated with being offered, and accepting, tamoxifen chemoprevention. METHODS The records of 219 women who sought risk evaluation after the publication of the NSABP P-1 trial between September 1998 and October 2002 were reviewed. Risk was calculated using the model of either Gail et al. or Claus et al. The impact of individual risk factors on the offering and acceptance of tamoxifen was compared using the Fisher exact test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Tamoxifen was offered to 137 women (63%) in the current study. The magnitude of Gail risk, age, menopausal status, hysterectomy, and history of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) or atypical hyperplasia (AH) were all found to be significant predictors of a patient being offered tamoxifen. On multivariate analysis, only a history of AH or LCIS and hysterectomy were found to be significant, with odds ratios of 20.3 and 3.4, respectively. Fifty-seven of the women who were offered tamoxifen (42%) took the drug. Only a history of LCIS or AH and older age were found to be predictive of tamoxifen acceptance. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, risk due to AH or LCIS was found to be the main predictor of being offered and accepting tamoxifen chemoprevention.
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Evens AM, Cilley J, Ortiz T, Gounder M, Hou N, Rademaker A, Miyata S, Catsaros K, Augustyniak C, Bennett CL, Tallman MS, Variakojis D, Winter JN, Gordon LI. G-CSF is not necessary to maintain over 99% dose-intensity with ABVD in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma: low toxicity and excellent outcomes in a 10-year analysis. Br J Haematol 2007; 137:545-52. [PMID: 17459049 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06598.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dose-intensity of chemotherapy is important in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is commonly used to maintain it. We reviewed all newly diagnosed HL patients who were treated at our institution between 1996 and 2005. Fifty-nine patients received adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapy with no dose reductions, treatment delays, and without G-CSF, regardless of absolute neutrophil count (ANC). The median ANC on all ABVD treatment days (n = 658) was 0.925 x 10(9)/l, and was <0.5 x 10(9)/l on 26% of treatment days. Median normalised ABVD dose-intensity was 99.1% (range, 93-100%) and median cycle duration was 28.2 d. Incidence of bleomycin lung toxicity was 1.6%, 0.44% treatments were complicated by febrile neutropenia, and no secondary malignancies have occurred (median follow-up 48 months; range, 11-130 months). Five-year event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 92.9% and 97.4% respectively. Furthermore, the 5-year EFS and OS (87.4% and 94.1% respectively) for advanced stage patients compared favourably with a similar ABVD patient group who received routine prophylactic G-CSF (n = 23) with EFS 80.0% and OS 91.3% (P = 0.46 and 0.67 respectively). Our experience suggests that ABVD may be safely and effectively administered at >99% dose-intensity without G-CSF support, regardless of the ANC.
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
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Xu HM, Li WH, Hou N, Zhang SG, Li HF, Wang SQ, Yu ZY, Li ZJ, Zeng MY, Zhu GM. Neuroendocrine differentiation in 32 cases of so-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: identified by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Am J Surg Pathol 1997; 21:1013-22. [PMID: 9298877 DOI: 10.1097/00000478-199709000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-two cases of so-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung observed by light microscopy were further studied by electron microscopy and/or immunohistochemistry. Three histologic patterns were seen: hemangioma-like, papillary, and solid. The only significant component representing the nature of the lesion is characteristic round cells within the stroma in all these patterns, whereas the surface cells lining the papillary projections or cystic spaces are normal or are hyperplastic bronchioloalveolar cells with a few neuroendocrine cells. Immunohistochemical findings showed that the "stromal cells" (tumor cells) were positive for neuroendocrine markers, namely, chromogranin A (19 of 22 cases), neuron-specific enolase (24 of 24), synaptophysin (six of 10), adrenocorticotropic hormone (14 of 15), growth hormone (14 of 15), calcitonin (11 of 15), and gastrin (11 of 14). Besides, some tumor cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen (four of four), carcinoembryonic antigen (one of four), and vimentin (one of one). All tumor cells were negative for polyclonal antikeratin antibody (25 cases), AE1 (one case), and AE3 (one case). However, in contrast to the "stromal cells," the surface cells of the cystic spaces stained positively for keratin (25 of 25 cases), AE1 (one of one), AE3 (one of one), epithelial membrance antigen (four of four), and carcinoembryonic antigen (four of four); only a few of them expressed neruoendocrine markers. Both surface and tumor cells were negative for factor VIII-related antigen (25 cases), CD31 (one case), and alpha1-antitrypsin (25 cases). Ten cases further studied by electron microscopy and six examined by ultrastructural morphometry showed that the surface cells were mainly type 2 pneumocytes containing many lamellar bodies in the cytoplasm. Lying among them, neuroendocrine cells were occasionally seen. The stromal tumor cells had no lamellar body, but dense core granules (neurosecretory granules) and microtubules. In six cases, 92.3% (345 of 374) of tumor cells contained neurosecretory granules, which were pleomorphic and 73 to 1056 nm in diameter (mean, 302 nm). Two to 193 (mean, 12) neurosecretory granules were found in each tumor cell. Both immunohistochemical findings and ultrastructural evidence indicate that so-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung is a benign lesion composed of neoplastic neuroendocrine cells with areas of sclerosis. A suggested name for this tumor is benign neuroendocrine tumor of the lung. The differentiation between this tumor and papillary adenoma, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, or carcinoid tumor of the lung is discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/chemistry
- Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/diagnosis
- Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/pathology
- Adenoma/chemistry
- Adenoma/diagnosis
- Adenoma/pathology
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/analysis
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Calcitonin/analysis
- Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis
- Carcinoid Tumor/chemistry
- Carcinoid Tumor/diagnosis
- Carcinoid Tumor/pathology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Chromogranin A
- Chromogranins/analysis
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Female
- Gastrins/analysis
- Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/chemistry
- Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/pathology
- Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/ultrastructure
- Human Growth Hormone/analysis
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lung Neoplasms/chemistry
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/ultrastructure
- Male
- Microscopy, Electron
- Middle Aged
- Neuroendocrine Tumors/chemistry
- Neuroendocrine Tumors/pathology
- Neuroendocrine Tumors/ultrastructure
- Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/analysis
- Synaptophysin/analysis
- von Willebrand Factor/analysis
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Chatterton RT, Mateo ET, Hou N, Rademaker AW, Acharya S, Jordan VC, Morrow M. Characteristics of salivary profiles of oestradiol and progesterone in premenopausal women. J Endocrinol 2005; 186:77-84. [PMID: 16002538 DOI: 10.1677/joe.1.06025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to characterize salivary sex steroid levels in 56 women undergoing annual mammography who were participating in a breast density study at the Lynn Sage Breast Center of Northwestern Memorial Hospital, and to determine the predictability of the patterns within women. Saliva was collected daily by the women at home for one complete menstrual cycle and then again at approximately 6-month intervals. The occurrence of sporadic anovulatory cycles was identified in 12 subjects, and persistent oestradiol (OE2) elevation in all three cycles without significant progesterone levels occurred in another five subjects. In addition, both OE2 and progesterone were significantly lower in initial menstrual cycles than in subsequent cycles, suggestive of an effect of participation in the study on hormone levels. Initial salivary OE2 levels were not good predictors of corresponding levels in either follicular or luteal phases of the menstrual cycles at the 6-month intervals. However, after the initial cycle, progesterone levels were highly predictable within individuals over a period of 6 months (r=0.78, P<0.001). The study emphasizes the natural variation among and within women in the absence of any intervention, and indicates the need for properly controlled studies before attributing changes in hormonal levels to therapy. In addition, it emphasizes the importance of sampling at multiple time points when examining the relationship between hormones and risk.
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
20 |
55 |
10
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Xun P, Hou N, Daviglus M, Liu K, Morris JS, Shikany JM, Sidney S, Jacobs DR, He K. Fish oil, selenium and mercury in relation to incidence of hypertension: a 20-year follow-up study. J Intern Med 2011; 270:175-86. [PMID: 21205024 PMCID: PMC3070957 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02338.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCω3PUFAs), selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg) are three important components in fish. The cardioprotective effect of LCω3PUFA intake has been recognized; however, the hypothesis that this benefit may be greatest with high Se and low Hg levels has not been investigated. DESIGN A cohort of 4508 American adults aged 18-30, without hypertension at baseline in 1985, were enrolled. Six follow-ups were conducted at examinations in 1987, 1990, 1992, 1995, 2000 and 2005. Diet was assessed by a validated interviewer-administered quantitative food frequency questionnaire at exams in 1985, 1992 and 2005. Incident hypertension was defined as first occurrence at any follow-up examination of systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication. Toenail clippings were collected in 1987, and Se and Hg levels were quantified by instrumental neutron-activation analysis. RESULT Participants in the highest LCω3PUFA intake quartile had a significantly lower incidence of hypertension (hazard ratio: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.53-0.79; P(trend) < 0.01) compared to those in the lowest quartile after adjustment for potential confounders. Docosahexaenoic acid showed a greater inverse association than eicosapentaenoic acid. The inverse association of LCω3PUFA intake with hypertension appeared more pronounced at higher Se and lower Hg levels, although interaction tests were statistically nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that LCω3PUFA intake was inversely associated with incidence of hypertension. The prior hypothesis that the potential antihypertensive effect of LCω3PUFA intake varies depending on joint levels of Se and Hg received modest support and cannot be ruled out.
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
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Luan F, Liu H, Gao L, Liu J, Sun Z, Ju Y, Hou N, Guo C, Liang X, Zhang L, Sun W, Ma C. Hepatitis B virus protein preS2 potentially promotes HCC development via its transcriptional activation of hTERT. Gut 2009; 58:1528-37. [PMID: 19651630 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.174029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Telomerase is significantly reactivated in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous studies showed that the transactivation unit of HBV surface (S) gene, preS2, could upregulate human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression and telomerase activity of HepG2 cells. Here, we aim to explore the functions, and the underlying mechanisms, of this preS2-mediated hTERT upregulation during HCC development. METHODS An antisense blocking assay was performed on HBV-integrated HepG2.2.15 cells. The expression of hTERT was examined in clinical samples to test the role of the preS2-mediated hTERT upregulation in HCC development in vivo. In order to explore the mechanisms of preS2-mediated hTERT upregulation, co-transfection, reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were performed. RESULTS Blocking preS2 expression reduced hTERT expression, telomerase activity, cell proliferation and tumorigenicity of HepG2.2.15. A region located between -349 and -329 bp upstream of the transcription initiation site of hTERT was identified as responsible for the preS2-mediated effect. preS2 interacted with the preS2-responsible region (PRR) and activated the hTERT promoter. Importantly, hTERT was also highly expressed in preS2-positive human HCC samples. All these findings strongly suggest that preS2 may promote HCC development via hTERT activation. CONCLUSIONS HBV protein preS2 upregulates hTERT via the PRR element in promoting HCC development.
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Evens AM, Winter JN, Hou N, Nelson BP, Rademaker A, Patton D, Singhal S, Frankfurt O, Tallman MS, Rosen ST, Mehta J, Gordon LI. A phase II clinical trial of intensive chemotherapy followed by consolidative stem cell transplant: long-term follow-up in newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2008; 140:385-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06908.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Morrow M, Chatterton RT, Rademaker AW, Hou N, Jordan VC, Hendrick RE, Khan SA. A prospective study of variability in mammographic density during the menstrual cycle. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009; 121:565-74. [PMID: 19669673 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-009-0496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mammographic breast density has been proposed as a surrogate endpoint in breast cancer prevention studies, but little is known about its variability over time, particularly in relation to menstrual cycle phase. The purpose of this study was to assess variation in breast density on digital mammograms using quantitative and qualitative density measures. Menstrual cycle phase was determined by salivary estradiol and progesterone assays. 73 healthy subjects with regular menses had 1-3 mammograms with paired saliva collection during a 12-month period. The mean difference in density as a percentage of the mean density was calculated for follicular-luteal (n = 50), luteal-luteal (n = 26) and follicular-follicular (n = 23) pairs in the same woman using the same breast. Two density measures (measurement of dense area and BIRADS) were used. The mean luteal density exceeded the mean follicular density by 7.1-9.2%, but density differences between luteal pairs and follicular pairs did not exceed 5%. The intraclass correlation for measurement of dense area was greater than 85% in all phases of the menstrual cycle, but was below 50% for BIRADS for luteal-follicular and follicular-follicular pairs. Our study provides estimates of the amount of variation in mammographic density during the menstrual cycle, and that inherent in repeated density measurement in premenopausal women, and suggests that menstrual phase of mammographic evaluation should be controlled for in intervention studies where density is being used as a surrogate measure.
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
16 |
28 |
14
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Shrestha A, Eldar-Lissai A, Hou N, Lakdawalla D, Batt K. Real-world resource use and costs of haemophilia A-related bleeding. Haemophilia 2017; 23:e267-e275. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li CY, Zhan YQ, Li W, Xu CW, Xu WX, Yu DH, Peng RY, Cui YF, Yang X, Hou N, Li YH, Dong B, Sun HB, Yang XM. Overexpression of a hematopoietic transcriptional regulator EDAG induces myelopoiesis and suppresses lymphopoiesis in transgenic mice. Leukemia 2007; 21:2277-86. [PMID: 17690693 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Erythroid differentiation-associated gene (EDAG) is a hematopoietic tissue-specific gene that is highly expressed in the earliest CD34+ lin- bone marrow (BM) cells and involved in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. To investigate the role of EDAG in hematopoiesis, we established an EDAG transgenic mouse model driven by human CD11a promoter. The transgenic mice showed increased mortality with severe organ infiltration by neutrophils, and the homeostasis of hematopoiesis was broken. The myelopoiesis was enhanced with expansion of myeloid cells in BM, increased peripheral granulocytes and extramedullary myelopoiesis in spleen. In contrast to myeloid cells, the lymphoid commitment was severely impaired with the B lymphopoiesis blocked at the transition from pro/pre-B I to pre-B II stage in BM and T thymocytes development blocked at the most immature stage (DN I). Moreover, we showed that EDAG was a transcriptional regulator which had transactivation activity and regulated the expression of several key transcription factors such as PU.1 and Pax5 in transgenic hematopoietic stem cells. These data suggested that EDAG was a key transcriptional regulator in maintaining the homeostasis of hematopoietic lineage commitment.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
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Evens AM, Altman JK, Mittal BB, Hou N, Rademaker A, Patton D, Kaminer L, Williams S, Duffey S, Variakojis D, Singhal S, Tallman MS, Mehta J, Winter JN, Gordon LI. Phase I/II trial of total lymphoid irradiation and high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:679-88. [PMID: 17307757 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standard approach to treatment of relapsed/refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is high-dose chemotherapy conditioning followed by autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (aHSCT). We report the results of a prospective phase I/II clinical trial of accelerated hyperfractionated total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) immediately followed by high-dose chemotherapy for relapsed/refractory HL. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-eight patients underwent aHSCT with either sequential TLI/chemotherapy (n = 32) or chemotherapy-alone conditioning (n = 16), based on prior radiation exposure. The first 22 patients enrolled on trial received escalating doses of etoposide (1600-2100 mg/m(2)) with high-dose carboplatin and cyclophosphamide. RESULTS No dose-limiting toxicity was seen and TLI/chemotherapy was well tolerated. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) estimate for all patients was 44% with overall survival (OS) of 48%. Five-year EFS and OS for the TLI/chemotherapy group was 63% and 61%, respectively, compared with 6% and 27%, respectively, for the chemotherapy-alone group (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.04, respectively). Patients with primary induction failure HL who received TLI/chemotherapy had 5-year EFS and OS rate of 83%. The 100-day treatment-related mortality was 4.2% and two secondary cancers were seen. Significant factors predicting survival by multivariate analysis included TLI/chemotherapy conditioning and B symptoms at relapse. CONCLUSIONS Sequential TLI/chemotherapy conditioning for relapsed/refractory HL is safe and associated with excellent long-term survival rates.
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
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Nakhlis F, Lazarus L, Hou N, Acharya S, Khan SA, Staradub VL, Rademaker AW, Morrow M. Tamoxifen Use in Patients with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and T1a/b N0 Invasive Carcinoma. J Am Coll Surg 2005; 201:688-94. [PMID: 16256910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2005.06.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2005] [Revised: 06/07/2005] [Accepted: 06/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine how often patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and T1a/b N0 cancer are offered and accept tamoxifen for secondary chemoprevention. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective review of 284 patients with T1a/b N0 invasive cancer treated between February 1995 and December 2001 and 129 patients with DCIS treated after September 1998 was carried out. Patient and tumor characteristics associated with being offered and accepting tamoxifen were compared. RESULTS Tamoxifen was offered to 67% of the invasive cancer patients and accepted by 76% (51% of the entire group). Hormone receptor status was the only significant predictor of being offered tamoxifen (p = 0.004). Older age (p = 0.04), Caucasian race (p = 0.01), and parity (p = 0.04) in premenopausal women were significant predictors of tamoxifen acceptance on univariate analysis. After the publication of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P-1 trial, significantly more patients were offered tamoxifen (p = 0.02), but acceptance rates did not change. Tamoxifen was offered to 91% of the ductal carcinoma in situ patients and accepted by 73% (67% overall). Lumpectomy was associated with significantly higher rates of being offered (p = 0.02) and accepting tamoxifen (p = 0.002) on univariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Factors associated with tamoxifen risks and benefits correlate poorly with the use of the drug.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/surgery
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/surgery
- Female
- Humans
- Mastectomy
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Retrospective Studies
- Tamoxifen/therapeutic use
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Bhandare D, Nayar R, Bryk M, Hou N, Cohn R, Golewale N, Parker NP, Chatterton RT, Rademaker A, Khan SA. Endocrine biomarkers in ductal lavage samples from women at high risk for breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006; 14:2620-7. [PMID: 16284387 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ductal lavage is a method of minimal epithelial sampling of the breast, with potential utility for repeat sampling and biomarker analysis in chemoprevention studies. We report here the baseline findings from a study designed to assess the utility of ductal lavage in this setting. METHODS Tamoxifen-eligible, high-risk women underwent ductal lavage; epithelial cell number (ECN) and morphology were assessed on Papanicolaou-stained slides. Additional slides were immunostained for estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, Ki-67, and cyclooxygenase-2, and the labeling index (LI) was established by counting negative and positive cells. The ductal lavage supernatant (DLS) was assayed for estradiol, several of its precursors, progesterone, cathepsin D, interleukin-6, and epidermal growth factor (EGF). RESULTS One hundred sixty-eight women have entered the study (mean age, 51 years; mean 5-year Gail score, 2.8). Ductal lavage was accomplished in 145 (86.3%) women. Data were analyzed by duct and by woman (averaging data across all ducts). Mild atypia was seen in 43 of 145 (29.6%), whereas severe atypia was seen in 2 (1.4%) of women. We observed significant positive correlations between ECN and cytologic atypia, ER LI, cyclooxygenase-2 LI, and Ki-67 LI. EGF levels in supernatant were significantly associated with estrogenic precursors, ER LI and ECN. A factor representing the DLS hormone and protein variables explained 36% of the variance; total ECN was highest when factor score and ER LI were high and was lowest when both were low (P for interaction = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Biomarker analyses in epithelial cells and DLS are feasible. The significant associations of EGF with other markers suggest a possible role in increasing epithelial cell mass.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
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Ou CB, Pan Q, Pang Q, Chen X, Hou N, He C. Protocatechuic acid, a new active substance against the challenge of avian infectious bursal disease virus. Poult Sci 2012; 91:1604-9. [PMID: 22700505 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-02069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the potential antiviral activity of protocatechuic acid (PCA) and its mechanism against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection. In the curative test, dosages of PCA of 40, 20, and 10 mg/kg, the survival rate was 90, 90, and 60%, respectively, and the BW gain was 36.63, 31.85, and 51.8%, respectively. The survival rate for the Astragalus polysaccharide (ASP) group was significantly lower than those of the birds treated with 20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg of PCA. The bursa indeces of chickens in 40 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and ASP groups were significantly higher than that of the infection group, whereas a significant increase of the spleen index was found in birds with 20 mg/kg PCA in comparison with other challenged groups. The birds treated with 20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid also showed slightly higher levels of IBDV clearance in the bursa of Fabricius. Furthermore, the chickens treated with 20 mg/kg of PCA induced a significant lymphocyte proliferation and a significant increase in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in comparison with the ASP chickens. These results imply that chickens treated with 20 mg/kg of PCA for 5 d could effectively induce active nonspecific immune responses against the IBDV infection.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
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Patil DB, Lankes HA, Nayar R, Masood S, Bryk M, Hou N, Rademaker A, Khan SA. Reproducibility of ductal lavage cytology and cellularity over a six month interval in high risk women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007; 112:327-33. [PMID: 18097749 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-007-9861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Accepted: 12/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ductal lavage (DL) allows repeat sampling of breast epithelium for serial observation in a chemoprevention setting; however, the reproducibility of duct cannulation, cell yield and cytology has not been addressed. METHODS We conducted a Phase 2 trial, wherein high risk women chose tamoxifen treatment or observation following an entry DL procedure. We present data from the non-intervention arm of our study to assess the reproducibility of cannulation, cell yield, and cytologic diagnosis from DL of the same duct at two time-points. Inter-observer variability was assessed by a blinded review of Papanicoloau-stained slides by two cytopathologists. RESULTS Sixty-five women had a successful lavage of 187 ducts at baseline and chose observation; 63/65 (97%) had a successful lavage 6 months later. Successful recannulation of the same duct was accomplished in 63 women (97%) and162 ducts (87%). Total epithelial cell yields >or=100 were obtained from 57/65 women (88%) and 129/187 ducts (69%) at baseline, and 46/63 women (73%) and 80/162 ducts (49%) at both time-points. Cytologic diagnosis was reproducible in 27/63 (43%) women and 77/162 (48%) ducts. Inter-observer variability for cytologic diagnosis between two observers showed good agreement (kappa = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS Recannulation and lavage of the same duct after a 6 month interval can be achieved with high frequency; however, reproducibility of cell yield and cytologic findings from the same duct is sub-optimal, leading to significant attrition of evaluable subjects. The utility of DL for the serial monitoring of breast epithelium is therefore limited.
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
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Viala A, Ba B, Durand A, Gouezo F, Hou N, Jørgensen A. Comparative study of the pharmacokinetics of zuclopenthixol decanoate and fluphenazine decanoate. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1988; 94:293-7. [PMID: 2895936 DOI: 10.1007/bf00174677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Seventeen outpatients were treated with depot neuroleptics, zuclopenthixol decanoate in Viscoleo or fluphenazine decanoate in sesame oil, with dosage intervals of 3 weeks. During the 4th, 6th, and 8th dosage interval blood samples were drawn in oxalated tubes. Plasma concentrations of the active neuroleptic drugs, zuclopenthixol and fluphenazine, were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The concentrations indicated some interindividual as well as intraindividual variations. For zuclopenthixol the maximum concentration was most often seen at day 7 after injection, whereas the kinetics of the fluphenazine concentrations was more variable. There was an indication of more fluctuation in the 4th dosage interval than in the 8th dosage interval, possibly due to the fact that steady state has not yet been achieved at the 4th dosage interval.
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Comparative Study |
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Khan SA, Lankes HA, Patil DB, Bryk M, Hou N, Ivancic D, Nayar R, Masood S, Rademaker A. Ductal lavage is an inefficient method of biomarker measurement in high-risk women. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2009; 2:265-73. [PMID: 19223577 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-08-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Effective methods of serial epithelial sampling to measure breast-specific biomarkers will aid the rapid evaluation of new preventive interventions. We report here a proof-of-principle phase 2 study to assess the utility of ductal lavage (DL) to measure biomarkers of tamoxifen action. We enrolled women with a 5-year breast cancer risk estimate >1.6% or the unaffected breast of women with T1a or T1b breast cancer. After entry DL, participants chose tamoxifen or observation and underwent repeat DL 6 months later. Samples were processed for cytology and immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor alpha, Ki-67, and cyclooxygenase-2. Of 182 women recruited, 115 (63%) underwent entry and repeat DL; 85 (47%) had sufficient cells for analysis from > or =1 duct at both time points; in 78 (43%), cells were sufficient from > or =1 matched ducts. Forty-six women chose observation and 39 chose tamoxifen. We observed greater reductions in the tamoxifen group than in the observation group for Ki-67 (adjusted P = 0.03) and estrogen receptor alpha (adjusted P = 0.07), but not in cyclooxygenase-2 (adjusted P = 0.4) labeling. Cytologic findings showed a trend toward improvement in the tamoxifen group compared with the observation group. Interobserver variability for cytologic diagnosis between two observers showed good agreement (kappa = 0.44). Using DL, we observed the expected changes in tamoxifen-related biomarkers; however, poor reproducibility of biomarkers in the observation group, the 53% attrition rate of subjects from recruitment to biomarker analyses, and the expense of DL are significant barriers to the use of this procedure for biomarker assessment over time.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
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Viala A, Hou N, Ba B, Durand A, Dufour H, D'Agostino N, Berda C, Jørgensen A. Blood and plasma kinetics of cis(Z)-clopenthixol and fluphenazine in psychiatric patients after intramuscular injection of their decanoic esters. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1984; 83:147-50. [PMID: 6146995 DOI: 10.1007/bf00429723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Whole blood and plasma concentrations of active neuroleptic drugs were measured in eight schizophrenic outpatients who had received cis(Z)-clopenthixol decanoate in Viscoleo or fluphenazine decanoate in sesame oil by intramuscular injection. Whole blood and plasma concentrations were very similar, though there was a slight tendency for blood concentrations to be higher than plasma concentrations. Maximum concentrations appeared at 1 week after administration of cis(Z)-clopenthixol decanoate, whereas the highest concentrations after fluphenazine decanoate were seen at the end of the 3-week dosage interval. Some between-individual variation and a limited within-individual variation was seen.
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Clinical Trial |
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Guo YT, Hou N, Liang JH, Zhang ZK, Cao TS, Yuan LJ. Three-dimensional printed multicolor normal and abnormal fetal hearts based on ultrasound imaging data. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2020; 55:421-422. [PMID: 31290180 DOI: 10.1002/uog.20392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Letter |
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Cai J, Yang MY, Hou N, Li X. Association of tumor necrosis factor-α 308G/A polymorphism with urogenital cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:16102-12. [PMID: 26662402 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.7.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We integrated all the eligible studies and investigated whether the TNF-α 308G/A polymorphism correlates with urogenital cancer risk. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a risk factor for some urogenital cancers; however, in prostate and bladder cancers the results are controversial. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and the Wanfang Database were searched for all case-control studies on the relationship between the TNF-α 308G/A polymorphism and susceptibility to urogenital cancer between January 1994 and January 2015. The pooled odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the associations. A total of 504 articles were found, 39 of which involved 11,613 cases and 12,542 controls that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Overall, the TNF-α 308G/A polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of urogenital cancer. In the subgroup analysis for different cancer types, significant associations were found in cervical cancer and urothelial carcinoma, while our meta-analysis indicated that there were no significant associations between the TNF-α 308G/A polymorphism and prostate, bladder, or renal cancers. When stratified by ethnicity, significant associations were observed in Caucasian populations, whereas no significant associations were found in African-Americans, Asians, or mixed populations. Furthermore, carriers of the -308A allele among the hospital-based case-control group were at a high risk of urogenital cancer. Our meta-analysis showed that the TNF-α 308G/A polymorphism was significantly associated with urogenital cancer risk, particularly in the Caucasian and hospital-based populations.
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Systematic Review |
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