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Madhavan BK, Han Z, Singh B, Bordt N, Kaymak S, Bandapalli OR, Kihm L, Shahzad K, Isermann B, Herzig S, Nawroth P, Kumar V. Elevated Expression of the RAGE Variant- V in SCLC Mitigates the Effect of Chemotherapeutic Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112843. [PMID: 34200336 PMCID: PMC8201239 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Radiomimetic drugs induce extensive genotoxic insults to their target cells. Irreparable DNA damage leaves cells with the choice between a program leading to cell death or senescence, but not DNA repair. Among the challenges of an advanced stage of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), the resistance to radiomimetic drugs is the most prominent one. In SCLC, the initial chemotherapeutic treatment primes cell to modify their DNA repair and cell cycle regulatory systems, using alternative but highly efficient forms of DNA repair and auxiliary factors. This modulated system now bypasses several regulatory controls. Thus, at this stage, cells become resistant to any beneficial effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. In the present study, we observed that variant-V of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is abundantly expressed in advancing and metastasizing SCLC. Therefore, it may serve as a potential target for specific therapeutic interventions directed to SCLC. Abstract Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a very high mortality rate. A prominent part of this is because these carcinomas are refractory to chemotherapies, such as etoposide or cisplatin, making effective treatment almost impossible. Here, we report that elevated expression of the RAGE variant-V in SCLC promotes homology-directed DNA DSBs repair when challenged with anti-cancer drugs. This variant exclusively localizes to the nucleus, interacts with members of the double-strand break (DSB) repair machinery and thus promotes the recruitment of DSBs repair factors at the site of damage. Increased expression of this variant thus, promotes timely DNA repair. Congruently, the tumor cells expressing high levels of variant-V can tolerate chemotherapeutic drug treatment better than the RAGE depleted cells. Our findings reveal a yet undisclosed role of the RAGE variant-V in the homology-directed DNA repair. This variant thus can be a potential target to be considered for future therapeutic approaches in advanced SSLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindhu K. Madhavan
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.K.M.); (Z.H.); (B.S.); (N.B.); (S.K.); (L.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Zhe Han
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.K.M.); (Z.H.); (B.S.); (N.B.); (S.K.); (L.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Bishal Singh
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.K.M.); (Z.H.); (B.S.); (N.B.); (S.K.); (L.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Nico Bordt
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.K.M.); (Z.H.); (B.S.); (N.B.); (S.K.); (L.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Serap Kaymak
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.K.M.); (Z.H.); (B.S.); (N.B.); (S.K.); (L.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Obul Reddy Bandapalli
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lars Kihm
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.K.M.); (Z.H.); (B.S.); (N.B.); (S.K.); (L.K.); (P.N.)
| | - Khurrum Shahzad
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (K.S.); (B.I.)
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (K.S.); (B.I.)
| | - Stephan Herzig
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Molecular Metabolic Control, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Programm, Helmholtz-Zentrum, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Nawroth
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.K.M.); (Z.H.); (B.S.); (N.B.); (S.K.); (L.K.); (P.N.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Programm, Helmholtz-Zentrum, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Varun Kumar
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.K.M.); (Z.H.); (B.S.); (N.B.); (S.K.); (L.K.); (P.N.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-56-6960
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