1
|
Abuhammad A, Laurieri N, Rice A, Lowe ED, Singh N, Naser SM, Ratrout SS, Churchill GC. Structural and biochemical analysis of human inositol monophosphatase-1 inhibition by ebselen. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14036-14048. [PMID: 36762717 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2176925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a major psychiatric disorder associated with cognitive impairment and a high suicide rate. Frontline therapy for this condition includes lithium (Li+)-containing treatments that can exert severe side effects. One target of Li+ is inositol monophosphatase-1 (IMPase1); inhibition of IMPase1 through small-molecule compounds may provide an alternative treatment for bipolar disorder. One such compound is the anti-inflammatory drug ebselen, which is well tolerated and safe; however, ebselen's exact mechanism of action in IMPase1 inhibition is not fully understood, preventing rational design of IMPase1 inhibitors. To fill this gap, we performed crystallographic and biochemical studies to investigate how ebselen inhibits IMPase1. We obtained a structure of IMPase1 in space group P21 after treatment with ebselen that revealed three key active-site loops (residues 33-44, 70-79, and 161-165) that are either disordered or in multiple conformations, supporting a hypothesis whereby dynamic conformational changes may be important for catalysis and ebselen inhibition. Using the thermal shift assay, we confirmed that ebselen significantly destabilizes the enzyme. Molecular docking suggests that ebselen could bind in the vicinity of His217. Investigation of the role of IMPase1 residues His217 and Cys218 suggests that inhibition of IMPase1 by ebselen may not be mediated via covalent modification of the active-site cysteine (Cys218) and is not affected by the covalent modification of other cysteine residues in the structure. Our results suggest that effects previously ascribed to ebselen-dependent inhibition likely result from disruption of essential active-site architecture, preventing activation of the IMPase1-Mg2+ complex.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Areej Abuhammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nicola Laurieri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair Rice
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Edward D Lowe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nisha Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Saleem M Naser
- Research and Development Department, APIs Division, Hikma Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samer S Ratrout
- Research and Development Department, APIs Division, Hikma Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Amman, Jordan
| | - Grant C Churchill
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martinelli D, Villone G, Fortunato F, Fiorino G, Laurieri N, Prato R, Dattoli V. [Evaluation of a pulsed xenon ultraviolet light- emitting no-touch, portable device for disinfection of surfaces in operating rooms in the Policlinico University Hospital of Foggia, Italy, 2019. Preliminary results]. Ig Sanita Pubbl 2021; 77:414-425. [PMID: 33883751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness and the frequency of use of a pulsed xenon ultraviolet light-emitting no-touch portable device (PX-UV), applied after perform current cleaning, in reducing environmental bacterial burden and the presence of pathogens on surfaces in the operating rooms at the Policlinico University Hospital of Foggia. DESIGN Prospective before-and-after study with a follow up duration of four months, from May to August 2019. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Two operating rooms of an Orthopaedic and a Neurosurgical ward in a 780-bed university hospital in the District of Foggia, Italy (about 600,000 inhabitants). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES According to the hygienic standards proposed by the Italian Workers Compensation Authority (ISPESL), the total and the average bacterial load and the presence of six pathogens were evaluated between pre- and post- PX-UV use combined with routine manual cleaning. RESULTS The PX-UV system was applied at five distinct time points: t1: start of the experiment, t2: after 28 days, t3: after 13 days, t4: after 7 days, and t5: after 8 days (t2-t5: 28 days in total). About 16-min of PX-UV cycle showed significant reduction in the level of environmental contamination by decreasing the mean colony count by 87.5%, compliant with the standard (5< X ≤15 CFU per plat). Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii that had been isolated in some of the samplings before PX-UV were no longer detected after t1, t2 and t5 treatments. Before PX-UV, the mean colony count was similar between t1 and t2 (p>0.05); after t3 and t4 treatments, it was lower before t5 in both the Orthopaedic and Neurosurgical operating rooms (= -97% and -75%, respectively; p<0,01). CONCLUSIONS Implication for practice: PX-UV could supplement the standard cleaning process in reducing the microbial burden in the operating rooms and potentially achieving lower healthcare-associated surgical site infections rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Martinelli
- Policlinico Riuniti University Hospital of Foggia, Foggia, Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - G Villone
- Policlinico Riuniti University Hospital of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - F Fortunato
- Policlinico Riuniti University Hospital of Foggia, Foggia, Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - G Fiorino
- Item Oxygen S.R.L., Altamura (Ba), Italy
| | - N Laurieri
- Item Oxygen S.R.L., Altamura (Ba), Italy
| | - R Prato
- Policlinico Riuniti University Hospital of Foggia, Foggia, Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - V Dattoli
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McNeil MJ, Porter RB, Rainford L, Dunbar O, Francis S, Laurieri N, Delgoda R. Chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oil from Cleome rutidosperma DC. Fitoterapia 2018; 129:191-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
4
|
Laurieri N, Kawamura A, Westwood IM, Varney A, Morris E, Russell AJ, Stanley LA, Sim E. Differences between murine arylamine N-acetyltransferase type 1 and human arylamine N-acetyltransferase type 2 defined by substrate specificity and inhibitor binding. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 15:68. [PMID: 25432241 PMCID: PMC4258814 DOI: 10.1186/2050-6511-15-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mouse has three arylamine N-acetyltransferase genes, (MOUSE)Nat1, (MOUSE)Nat2 and (MOUSE)Nat3. These are believed to correspond to (HUMAN)NAT1, (HUMAN)NAT2 and NATP in humans. (MOUSE)Nat3 encodes an enzyme with poor activity and human NATP is a pseudogene. (MOUSE)Nat2 is orthologous to (HUMAN)NAT1 and their corresponding proteins are functionally similar, but the relationship between (MOUSE)Nat1 and (HUMAN)NAT2 is less clear-cut. Methods To determine whether the (MOUSE)NAT1 and (HUMAN)NAT2 enzymes are functionally equivalent, we expressed and purified (MOUSE)NAT1*1 and analysed its substrate specificity using a panel of arylamines and hydrazines. To understand how specific residues contribute to substrate selectivity, three site-directed mutants of (MOUSE)NAT2*1 were prepared: these were (MOUSE)NAT2_F125S, (MOUSE)NAT2_R127G and (MOUSE)NAT2_R127L. All three exhibited diminished activity towards “(MOUSE)NAT2-specific” arylamines but were more active against hydrazines than (MOUSE)NAT1*1. The inhibitory and colorimetric properties of a selective naphthoquinone inhibitor of (HUMAN)NAT1 and (MOUSE)NAT2 were investigated. Results Comparing (MOUSE)NAT1*1 with other mammalian NAT enzymes demonstrated that the substrate profiles of (MOUSE)NAT1 and (HUMAN)NAT2 are less similar than previously believed. Three key residues (F125, R127 and Y129) in (HUMAN)NAT1*4 and (MOUSE)NAT2*1 were required for enzyme inhibition and the associated colour change on naphthoquinone binding. In silico modelling of selective ligands into the appropriate NAT active sites further implicated these residues in substrate and inhibitor specificity in mouse and human NAT isoenzymes. Conclusions Three non-catalytic residues within (HUMAN)NAT1*4 (F125, R127 and Y129) contribute both to substrate recognition and inhibitor binding by participating in distinctive intermolecular interactions and maintaining the steric conformation of the catalytic pocket. These active site residues contribute to the definition of substrate and inhibitor selectivity, an understanding of which is essential for facilitating the design of second generation (HUMAN)NAT1-selective inhibitors for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic purposes. In particular, since the expression of (HUMAN)NAT1 is related to the development and progression of oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer, these structure-based tools will facilitate the ongoing design of candidate compounds for use in (HUMAN)NAT1-positive breast tumours. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2050-6511-15-68) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edith Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Laurieri N, Dairou J, Egleton JE, Stanley LA, Russell AJ, Dupret JM, Sim E, Rodrigues-Lima F. From arylamine N-acetyltransferase to folate-dependent acetyl CoA hydrolase: impact of folic acid on the activity of (HUMAN)NAT1 and its homologue (MOUSE)NAT2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96370. [PMID: 24823794 PMCID: PMC4019507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetyl Coenzyme A-dependent N-, O- and N,O-acetylation of aromatic amines and hydrazines by arylamine N-acetyltransferases is well characterised. Here, we describe experiments demonstrating that human arylamine N-acetyltransferase Type 1 and its murine homologue (Type 2) can also catalyse the direct hydrolysis of acetyl Coenzyme A in the presence of folate. This folate-dependent activity is exclusive to these two isoforms; no acetyl Coenzyme A hydrolysis was found when murine arylamine N-acetyltransferase Type 1 or recombinant bacterial arylamine N-acetyltransferases were incubated with folate. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy allowed chemical modifications occurring during the catalytic reaction to be analysed in real time, revealing that the disappearance of acetyl CH3 from acetyl Coenzyme A occurred concomitantly with the appearance of a CH3 peak corresponding to that of free acetate and suggesting that folate is not acetylated during the reaction. We propose that folate is a cofactor for this reaction and suggest it as an endogenous function of this widespread enzyme. Furthermore, in silico docking of folate within the active site of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase Type 1 suggests that folate may bind at the enzyme’s active site, and facilitate acetyl Coenzyme A hydrolysis. The evidence presented in this paper adds to our growing understanding of the endogenous roles of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase Type 1 and its mouse homologue and expands the catalytic repertoire of these enzymes, demonstrating that they are by no means just xenobiotic metabolising enzymes but probably also play an important role in cellular metabolism. These data, together with the characterisation of a naphthoquinone inhibitor of folate-dependent acetyl Coenzyme A hydrolysis by human arylamine N-acetyltransferase Type 1/murine arylamine N-acetyltransferase Type 2, open up a range of future avenues of exploration, both for elucidating the developmental role of these enzymes and for improving chemotherapeutic approaches to pathological conditions including estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Laurieri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Dairou
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology, Paris, France
| | - James E. Egleton
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley A. Stanley
- Consultant in Investigative Toxicology, Linlithgow, West Lothian, United Kingdom
| | - Angela J. Russell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Marie Dupret
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology, Paris, France
| | - Edith Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, Kingston on Thames, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (FR-L); (ES)
| | - Fernando Rodrigues-Lima
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (FR-L); (ES)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodrigues-Lima F, Dairou J, Laurieri N, Busi F, Dupret JM. Pharmacogenomics, biochemistry, toxicology, microbiology and cancer research in one go. Pharmacogenomics 2011; 12:1091-3. [PMID: 21843062 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.11.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) are phase II xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes playing a key role in the detoxification and metabolic activation of aromatic amine xenobiotics. The triennial International NAT Workshop has been an important academic meeting where developments in the study of NATs and aromatic amine metabolism have been presented. The 2010 Workshop took place in University Paris Diderot Paris, France. Topics included: structures and functions of eukaryotic and prokaryotic NATs, gene regulation and expression of human NATs, polymorphisms and their effects, arylamine metabolism and toxicity. Nomenclature issues were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodrigues-Lima
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, EAC-CNRS 4413, 75013 Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ryan A, Kaplan E, Laurieri N, Lowe E, Sim E. Structural insights into the mechanism of drug activation by azoreductases. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311080585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
8
|
Ryan A, Kaplan E, Laurieri N, Lowe E, Sim E. Activation of nitrofurazone by azoreductases: multiple activities in one enzyme. Sci Rep 2011; 1:63. [PMID: 22355582 PMCID: PMC3216550 DOI: 10.1038/srep00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Azoreductases are well known for azo pro-drug activation by gut flora. We show that azoreductases have a wider role in drug metabolism than previously thought as they can also reduce and hence activate nitrofurazone. Nitrofurazone, a nitroaromatic drug, is a broad spectrum antibiotic which has until now been considered as activated in bacteria by nitroreductases. The structure of the azoreductase with nitrofurazone bound was solved at 2.08 Å and shows nitrofurazone in an active conformation. Based on the structural information, the kinetics and stoichiometry of nitrofurazone reduction by azoreductase from P. aeruginosa, we propose a mechanism of activation which accounts for the ability of azoreductases to reduce both azo and nitroaromatic drugs. This mode of activation can explain the cytotoxic side-effects of nitrofurazone through human azoreductase homologues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ryan
- Pharmacology Department, University of Oxford, OX1 3QT
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, KT1 2EE
| | - Elise Kaplan
- Pharmacology Department, University of Oxford, OX1 3QT
| | | | - Edward Lowe
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Biochemistry Department, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU
| | - Edith Sim
- Pharmacology Department, University of Oxford, OX1 3QT
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, KT1 2EE
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ryan A, Laurieri N, Wang CJ, Westwood I, Lowe E, Sim E. A novel mechanism for azoreduction. Acta Crystallogr A 2010. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767310096959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
10
|
Ryan A, Wang CJ, Laurieri N, Westwood I, Sim E. Reaction mechanism of azoreductases suggests convergent evolution with quinone oxidoreductases. Protein Cell 2010; 1:780-90. [PMID: 21203919 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-010-0090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Azoreductases are involved in the bioremediation by bacteria of azo dyes found in waste water. In the gut flora, they activate azo pro-drugs, which are used for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, releasing the active component 5-aminosalycilic acid. The bacterium P. aeruginosa has three azoreductase genes, paAzoR1, paAzoR2 and paAzoR3, which as recombinant enzymes have been shown to have different substrate specificities. The mechanism of azoreduction relies upon tautomerisation of the substrate to the hydrazone form. We report here the characterization of the P. aeruginosa azoreductase enzymes, including determining their thermostability, cofactor preference and kinetic constants against a range of their favoured substrates. The expression levels of these enzymes during growth of P. aeruginosa are altered by the presence of azo substrates. It is shown that enzymes that were originally described as azoreductases, are likely to act as NADH quinone oxidoreductases. The low sequence identities observed among NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase and azoreductase enzymes suggests convergent evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ryan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Laurieri N, Crawford MHJ, Kawamura A, Westwood IM, Robinson J, Fletcher AM, Davies SG, Sim E, Russell AJ. Small molecule colorimetric probes for specific detection of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1, a potential breast cancer biomarker. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:3238-9. [PMID: 20170182 DOI: 10.1021/ja909165u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The identification, synthesis, and evaluation of a series of naphthoquinone derivatives as selective inhibitors of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 and mouse arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 are described. The compounds undergo a distinctive color change (red --> blue) upon binding to these human and mouse NAT isoenzymes driven by a proton transfer event. No color change is observed in the presence of functionally distinct but highly similar isoenzymes which are >70% identical. These molecules may be used as sensors to detect the presence of human NAT1 in cell lysates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Laurieri
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang CJ, Laurieri N, Abuhammad A, Lowe E, Westwood I, Ryan A, Sim E. Role of tyrosine 131 in the active site of paAzoR1, an azoreductase with specificity for the inflammatory bowel disease prodrug balsalazide. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2010; 66:2-7. [PMID: 20057057 PMCID: PMC2805523 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309109044741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Azoreductase 1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 (paAzoR1) catalyses the activation of the prodrug balsalazide and reduces the azo dye methyl red using reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactor as an electron donor. To investigate the mechanism of the enzyme, a Y131F mutation was introduced and the enzymic properties of the mutant were compared with those of the wild-type enzyme. The crystallographic structure of the mutant with methyl red bound was solved at 2.1 A resolution and compared with the wild-type structure. Tyr131 is important in the architecture of the active site but is not essential for enzymic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Ju Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, England
| | - Nicola Laurieri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, England
| | - Areej Abuhammad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, England
| | - Edward Lowe
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Park Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, England
| | - Isaac Westwood
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, England
| | - Ali Ryan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, England
| | - Edith Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, England
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ballester PJ, Westwood I, Laurieri N, Sim E, Richards WG. Prospective virtual screening with Ultrafast Shape Recognition: the identification of novel inhibitors of arylamine N-acetyltransferases. J R Soc Interface 2009; 7:335-42. [PMID: 19586957 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2009.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently a shortage of chemical molecules that can be used as bioactive probes to study molecular targets and potentially as starting points for drug discovery. One inexpensive way to address this problem is to use computational methods to screen a comprehensive database of small molecules to discover novel structures that could lead to alternative and better bioactive probes. Despite that pleasing logic the results have been somewhat mixed. Here we describe a virtual screening technique based on ligand-receptor shape complementarity, Ultrafast Shape Recognition (USR). USR is specifically applied to identify novel inhibitors of arylamine N-acetyltransferases by computationally screening almost 700 million molecular conformers in a time- and resource-efficient manner. A small number of the predicted active compounds were purchased and tested obtaining a confirmed hit rate of 40 per cent which is an outstanding result for a prospective virtual screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Ballester
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Russell AJ, Westwood IM, Crawford MH, Robinson J, Kawamura A, Redfield C, Laurieri N, Lowe ED, Davies SG, Sim E. Selective small molecule inhibitors of the potential breast cancer marker, human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1, and its murine homologue, mouse arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:905-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 11/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|