1
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Lee W, Hwang DW, Han HS, Han IW, Heo JS, Unno M, Ishida M, Tajima H, Nishizawa N, Nakata K, Seyama Y, Isikawa Y, Hwang HK, Jang JY, Hong T, Park JS, Kim HJ, Jeong CY, Matsumoto I, Yamaue H, Kawai M, Ohtsuka M, Mizuno S, Asakuma M, Soejima Y, Hirashita T, Sho M, Takeda Y, Park JI, Kim YH, Kim HJ, Yamaue H, Yamamoto M, Endo I, Nakamura M, Yoon YS, Yoon YS. Comparison of infectious complications after spleen preservation versus splenectomy during laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for benign or low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors: A multicenter, propensity score-matched analysis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2023; 30:252-262. [PMID: 35766108 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported contrasting results regarding the advantages of spleen preservation during laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) for preventing infectious complications. METHODS A total of 3787 patients who underwent LDP for benign or low-grade malignant pancreatic disease in 92 centers across Korea and Japan were included in this retrospective study. Postoperative infectious complications and other complications were compared between LDP with splenectomy (LDPS) and LDP with spleen preservation (LSPDP) by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. RESULTS After PSM, the LSPDP group had a lower rate of overall infectious complications (P = .079) and a significantly lower rate of intra-abdominal abscess (P = .014) compared with the LDPS group. Within the LSPDP group, the vessel preservation subgroup had a significantly higher rate of infectious complications (P = .002) compared with the vessel resection subgroup. Low-volume centers had a higher rate of intra-abdominal abscess than high-volume centers in the LSPDP group (P = .001) and the splenic vessel preservation subgroup (P = .003). CONCLUSIONS Spleen preservation in LDP for benign or borderline malignant pancreatic diseases was advantageous in lowering the risk of infectious complications, specifically intra-abdominal abscess. However, the risk of intra-abdominal abscess may differ according to the level of surgeon's experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woohyung Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Wook Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Han
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - In Woong Han
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Heo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Tajima
- Department of General-Pediatric-Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of General-Pediatric-Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuji Seyama
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Isikawa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ho Kyoung Hwang
- Division of HBP Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Young Jang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taeho Hong
- Division of Hepato-biliary and Pancreas Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Seong Park
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Joon Kim
- Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chi-Young Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Ippei Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Higashi-osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawai
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohtsuka
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shugo Mizuno
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Asakuma
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Yuji Soejima
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Teijiro Hirashita
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Jeong-Ik Park
- Department of Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Yong Hoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoo-Seok Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Seok Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Woo J, Haradome H, Adachi K, Iwai T, Nishizawa N, Murakumo Y, Kusano C, Kumamoto Y, Inoue Y, Ojiri H. A case of solid-type pancreatic hamartoma presenting high apparent diffusion coefficient value: histopathological correlation and literature review. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:1939-1947. [PMID: 35171320 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03442-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic hamartoma is a rare tumor-like malformation and could mimic other pancreatic tumors including malignant neoplasm. Due to its rarity, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings including those diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging have not been clarified. We present a curious case of pancreatic hamartoma presenting high apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value with histopathological correlation. A 49-year-old woman with a pancreatic mass found incidentally on ultrasonography for medical checkup was referred to our institution for further examination and treatment because it slightly enlarged in the follow-up examination. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced MR imaging revealed a well-demarcated solid mass of 13 mm in diameter in the pancreas body, which was gradually and homogeneously enhanced in the delayed/transient phase. It showed hyper intensity on T2-weight and DW images, and the mean ADC value was high (1.86 × 10-3mm2/s). Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy was conducted with suspicious preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic hypovascular neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN). Histologically, the mass consisted of many disarranged small ducts without atypia embedded in abundant fibrous stroma and contained scant fatty tissue in the periphery, which was not identified on CT and MR images. There were no islets and peripheral nerves throughout the mass. Finally, it was pathologically diagnosed as a solid-type pancreatic hamartoma. Based on radiological-pathological correlation, it was considered that the abundant fibrous stroma and both the widely distributed myxomatous periductal stroma and scattered edematous stroma corresponded with delayed homogenous enhancement on CT/MR images and high ADC value, respectively. Although it is difficult to distinguish solid-type pancreatic hamartoma from other solid pancreatic neoplasms including hypovascular NEN on the basis of usual radiological findings, the high ADC value reflecting the specific pathology may be helpful for the differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Woo
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Haradome
- Department of Radiological Advanced Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato-Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Kai Adachi
- Department of Patholgy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of General Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakumo
- Department of Patholgy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Chika Kusano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of General Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroya Ojiri
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Ushiku H, Sakuraya M, Washio M, Hosoda K, Niihara M, Harada H, Miura H, Sato T, Nishizawa N, Tajima H, Kaizu T, Kato H, Sengoku N, Tanaka K, Naitoh T, Kumamoto Y, Sangai T, Yamashita K, Hiki N. Pancreas-contactless gastrectomy for gastric cancer prevents postoperative inflammation. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:5644-5651. [PMID: 34981230 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08961-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreas-related complications after laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for gastric cancer can be fatal. We developed a gastrectomy procedure with no pancreas contact to prevent such complications and herein report the surgical outcomes. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 182 consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent LG at Kitasato University Hospital from January 2017 to January 2020. These patients were divided into a pancreas-contact group (C group) and pancreas-contactless group (CL group) for comparison of postoperative complications, and inflammatory parameters such as body temperature (BT) and C-reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS Postoperative complications of CDc grade ≧ IIIa were significantly fewer in the CL group than in the C group [0/76 (0%) vs. 6/106 (5.7%), P = 0.035]. The median drain amylase (drain-AMY) on postoperative day 1 (POD1) was significantly lower in the CL group than in the C group (641 vs. 1162 IU/L, P = 0.02), as was BT at POD1 (37.4 °C vs. 37.7 °C, P = 0.04), the patient group with a BT above 37.5 °C at POD3 [5/76 (6.5%) vs. 18/106 (17%), P = 0.037], and those showing a CRP above 20.0 mg/dL at POD3 [5/76 (6.5%) vs. 20/106 (19%), P = 0.018]. CONCLUSIONS Our technique to prevent pancreas contact during supra-pancreatic lymph node dissection during LG could minimize the inflammatory response and prevent further postoperative complications. Further large-scale, prospective studies are now required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Mikiko Sakuraya
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Marie Washio
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masahiro Niihara
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroki Harada
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Miura
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of General-Pediatric-Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tajima
- Department of General-Pediatric-Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaizu
- Department of General-Pediatric-Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kato
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sengoku
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Tanaka
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naitoh
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of General-Pediatric-Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sangai
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiki
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
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4
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Goto T, Ito Y, Satoh M, Nakamoto S, Nishizawa N, Hosono K, Naitoh T, Eshima K, Iwabuchi K, Hiki N, Amano H. Activation of iNKT Cells Facilitates Liver Repair After Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Through Acceleration of Macrophage Polarization. Front Immunol 2021; 12:754106. [PMID: 34691073 PMCID: PMC8526965 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.754106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is critical for liver tissue repair following acute liver injury. However, the underlying mechanisms of macrophage phenotype switching are not well defined. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells orchestrate tissue inflammation and tissue repair by regulating cytokine production. Herein, we examined whether iNKT cells played an important role in liver repair after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by affecting macrophage polarization. To this end, we subjected male C57BL/6 mice to hepatic I/R injury, and mice received an intraperitoneal (ip) injection of α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) or vehicle. Compared with that of the vehicle, α-GalCer administration resulted in the promotion of liver repair accompanied by acceleration of macrophage differentiation and by increases in the numbers of Ly6Chigh pro-inflammatory macrophages and Ly6Clow reparative macrophages. iNKT cells activated with α-GalCer produced interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ. Treatment with anti-IL-4 antibodies delayed liver repair, which was associated with an increased number of Ly6Chigh macrophages and a decreased number of Ly6Clow macrophages. Treatment with anti-IFN-γ antibodies promoted liver repair, associated with reduced the number of Ly6Chigh macrophages, but did not change the number of Ly6Clow macrophages. Bone marrow-derived macrophages up-regulated the expression of genes related to both a pro-inflammatory and a reparative phenotype when co-cultured with activated iNKT cells. Anti-IL-4 antibodies increased the levels of pro-inflammatory macrophage-related genes and decreased those of reparative macrophage-related genes in cultured macrophages, while anti-IFN-γ antibodies reversed the polarization of macrophages. Cd1d-deficient mice showed delayed liver repair and suppressed macrophage switching, compared with that in wild-type mice. These results suggest that the activation of iNKT cells by α-GalCer facilitated liver repair after hepatic I/R injury by both IL-4-and IFN-γ-mediated acceleration of macrophage polarization. Therefore, the activation of iNKT cells may represent a therapeutic tool for liver repair after hepatic I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Goto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masashi Satoh
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of General Pediatric Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of General Pediatric Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naitoh
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazuya Iwabuchi
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiki
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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5
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Otaka F, Ito Y, Nakamoto S, Nishizawa N, Hyodo T, Hosono K, Majima M, Koizumi W, Amano H. Macrophages contribute to liver repair after monocrotaline-induced liver injury via SDF-1/CXCR4. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:668. [PMID: 33986833 PMCID: PMC8112113 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocrotaline (MCT) administration induces liver injury in rodents that mimics the pathology of human sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. MCT-induced SOS models are used to investigate the mechanism of injury and optimize treatment strategies. However, the processes underlying liver repair are largely unknown. Specifically, the role of macrophages, the key drivers of liver repair, has not been elucidated. The current study aimed to examine the role of macrophages in the repair of MCT-induced liver injury in male C57/BL6 mice. Maximal liver injury occurred at 48 h post-MCT treatment, followed by repair at 120 h post-treatment. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that CD68+ macrophages were recruited to the injured regions after MCT treatment. This was associated with the decreased expression of genes related to a pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype and the increased expression of those associated with a reparative macrophage phenotype during the repair phase. The results also revealed that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) were upregulated, and CD68+ macrophages were co-localized with CXCR4 expression. Treatment of mice with AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, delayed liver repair and increased the expression of genes related to a pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. In contrast, SDF-1 treatment stimulated liver repair and increased the expression of genes related to a reparative macrophage phenotype. The results suggested that macrophages accumulate in the liver and repair damaged tissue after MCT treatment, and that the SDF-1-CXCR4 axis is involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumisato Otaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hyodo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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6
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Harada H, Soeno T, Nishizawa N, Washio M, Sakuraya M, Ushiku H, Niihara M, Hosoda K, Kumamoto Y, Naitoh T, Sangai T, Hiki N, Yamashita K. Prospective study to validate the clinical utility of DNA diagnosis of peritoneal fluid cytology test in gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1644-1654. [PMID: 33576114 PMCID: PMC8019217 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of DNA cytology test (CY) in gastric cancer (GC) has been retrospectively proposed using cancer‐specific methylation of cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1). We confirmed the clinical utility of DNA CY in a prospective cohort. Four hundred GC samples were prospectively collected for washing cytology (UMIN000026191), and detection of the DNA methylation of CDO1 was assessed by quantitative methylation‐specific PCR in the sediments. Endpoint was defined as the match rate between conventional CY1 and DNA CY1 (diagnostic sensitivity), and the DNA CY0 rate (diagnostic specificity) in pStage IA. DNA CY1 was detected in 45 cases (12.5%), while CY1 was seen in 31 cases (8.6%) of 361 chemotherapy‐naïve samples, where the sensitivity and specificity of the DNA CY in the peritoneal solutions were 74.2% and 96.5%, respectively. The DNA CY was positive for 3.5/0/4.9/11.4/58.8% in pStage IA/IB/II/III/IV, respectively (P < .01). In the multivariate analysis, DNA CY1 was independently correlated with pathological tumor depth (pT) (P = .0012), female gender (P = .0099), CY1 (P = .0135), P1 (P = .019), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (P = .036). The combination of DNA CY1 and P factor nearly all covered the potential peritoneal dissemination (P1 and/or CY1 and/or DNA CY1) (58/61:95.1%). DNA CY1 had a significantly poorer prognosis than DNA CY0 in GC patients (P < .0001). DNA CY1 detected by CDO1 promoter DNA methylation has a great value to detect minimal residual disease of the peritoneum in GC clinics, representing poor prognosis as a novel single DNA marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Harada
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Soeno
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of General, Pediatric and Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Marie Washio
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sakuraya
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Niihara
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of General, Pediatric and Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naitoh
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sangai
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiki
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Upper-gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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7
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Harada H, Soeno T, Yokoi K, Nishizawa N, Ushiku H, Hosoda K, Hiki N, Yamashita K. Prediction of Efficacy of Postoperative Chemotherapy by DNA Methylation of CDO1 in Gastric Cancer. J Surg Res 2020; 256:404-412. [PMID: 32777557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CDO1 is a presumed tumor suppressor gene in human cancers, the expression of which is silenced by promoter DNA methylation. Moreover, CDO1 harbors functionally oncogenic aspects through modification of mitochondrial membrane potential. We recently proposed that this oncogenic feature allows for the prediction of the efficacy of postoperative chemotherapy in colon cancer. The present study aims to elucidate the efficacy of prediction of success of postoperative chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer to improve the treatment strategy of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forced expression of CDO1 in gastric cancer cell lines was assessed using the JC-1 assay. Promoter DNA methylation was investigated in quantitative TaqMan methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in 321 pathological stage II/III advanced gastric cancer cases treated by curative gastrectomy with or without postoperative chemotherapy. RESULTS (1) Forced expression of CDO1 led to increased mitochondrial membrane potential, accompanied by augmented survival in gastric cancer cells under anaerobic conditions. These results suggest that CDO1-expressing cancer cells survive more easily in anaerobic lesions which are inaccessible to anticancer drugs. (2) Intriguingly, in cases with the highest CDO1 methylation (ranging from 15% to 40%), patients with postoperative chemotherapy showed significantly better survival than those with no postoperative chemotherapy. (3) A robust prognostic difference was observed that was explained by differential recurrences of distant metastasis (P = 0.0031), followed by lymph node (P = 0.0142) and peritoneal dissemination (P = 0.0472). CONCLUSIONS The oncogenic aspects of CDO1 can be of use to determine patients with gastric cancer who will likely respond to treatment of invisible systemic dissemination by postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Harada
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Soeno
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of General Pediatric Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiki
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan; Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
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8
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Nakamoto S, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Goto T, Kojo K, Kumamoto Y, Watanabe M, Majima M. Lymphangiogenesis and accumulation of reparative macrophages contribute to liver repair after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:395-410. [PMID: 32162023 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic tissue repair plays a critical role in determining the outcome of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Hepatic lymphatics participate in the clearance of dead tissues and contribute to the reparative process after acute hepatic injury; however, it remains unknown whether lymphangiogenesis in response to hepatic inflammation is involved in liver repair. Herein, we determined if hepatic lymphangiogenesis improves liver repair after hepatic I/R injury. Using a mouse model of hepatic I/R injury, we investigated hepatic lymphatic structure, growth, and function in injured murine livers. Hepatic I/R injury enhanced lymphangiogenesis around the portal tract and this was associated with increased expression of pro-lymphangiogenic growth factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D. Recombinant VEGF-D treatment facilitated liver repair in association with the expansion of lymphatic vessels and increased expression of genes related to the reparative macrophage phenotype. Treatment with a VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3) inhibitor suppressed liver repair, lymphangiogenesis, drainage function, and accumulation of VEGFR3-expressing reparative macrophages. VEGF-C and VEGF-D upregulated expression of genes related to lymphangiogenic factors and the reparative macrophage phenotype in cultured macrophages. These results suggest that activation of VEGFR3 signaling increases lymphangiogenesis and the number of reparative macrophages, both of which play roles in liver repair. Expanded lymphatics and induction of reparative macrophage accumulation may be therapeutic targets to enhance liver repair after hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Goto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan.
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9
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Fujiyama Y, Kumamoto Y, Nishizawa N, Nakamoto S, Harada H, Yokota K, Tanaka Y, Igarashi K, Oiki H, Okuwaki K, Iwai T, Kajita S, Takahashi H, Tajima H, Kaizu T, Sasaki J, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Promoter DNA Hypermethylation of the Cysteine Dioxygenase 1 (CDO1) Gene in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN). Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:4007-4016. [PMID: 32144623 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) involves adenoma (IPMA), a precancerous lesion, cancer (IPMC) including high-grade dysplasia (HGD), and invasive carcinoma (IC). DNA markers of IPMN are required for detection of invasive disease, and cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1) gene promoter hypermethylation is a potential candidate. However, it has never been investigated in the context of IPMN. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 107 IPMN tumor tissues, including 41 IPMC and 66 IPMA, were studied. CDO1 promoter methylation was quantified using TaqMan quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (qMSP) in patients with IPMN and other pancreatic cystic disorders after pancreatectomy. RESULTS The methylation values (TaqMeth Vs) of CDO1 increased when noncancerous pancreas tissues were compared with IPMA and HGD (p < 0.0001). Among IPMC, the TaqMeth Vs in IC were not significantly higher than in HGD. The TaqMeth Vs of the solid tumors were higher than those of the cystic tumors (p = 0.0016), which were in turn higher than the corresponding noncancerous tissues (p < 0.0001). Prognostic analysis revealed that high TaqMeth Vs (≥ 14.1) resulted in a poorer prognosis than low TaqMeth Vs (< 14.1) (p < 0.0001). In other pancreatic cystic diseases, only malignant mucinous cystic neoplasm showed DNA hypermethylation of its promoter. A pilot study in pancreatic juice confirmed methylation in all IPMN samples but not in benign pancreatic diseases (p = 0.0277). CONCLUSIONS CDO1 promoter hypermethylation is extremely specific to IPMN and may accumulate with IPMN tumor progression during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. It might be a promising candidate as a diagnostic marker of pancreatic cystic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Fujiyama
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroki Harada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hironobu Oiki
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okuwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Sabine Kajita
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tajima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaizu
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Jiichiro Sasaki
- Multidisciplinary Cancer Care and Treatment Center, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan. .,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
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10
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Nakamoto S, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Goto T, Kojo K, Kumamoto Y, Watanabe M, Narumiya S, Majima M. EP3 signaling in dendritic cells promotes liver repair by inducing IL-13-mediated macrophage differentiation in mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:5610-5627. [PMID: 32112485 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901955r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage plasticity is essential for liver wound healing; however, the mechanisms underlying macrophage phenotype switching are largely unknown. Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical initiators of innate immune responses; as such, they orchestrate inflammation following hepatic injury. Here, we subjected EP3-deficient (Ptger3-/- ) and wild-type (WT) mice to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and demonstrate that signaling via the prostaglandin E (PGE) receptor EP3 in DCs regulates macrophage plasticity during liver repair. Compared with WT mice, Ptger3-/- mice showed delayed liver repair accompanied by reduced expression of hepatic growth factors and accumulation of Ly6Clow reparative macrophages and monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). MoDCs were recruited to the boundary between damaged and undamaged liver tissue in an EP3-dependent manner. Adoptive transfer of moDCs from Ptger3-/- mice resulted in impaired repair, along with increased numbers of Ly6Chigh inflammatory macrophages. Bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) up-regulated expression of genes related to a reparative macrophage phenotype when co-cultured with moDCs; this phenomenon was dependent on EP3 signaling. In the presence of an EP3 agonist, interleukin (IL)-13 derived from moDCs drove BMMs to increase expression of genes characteristic of a reparative macrophage phenotype. The results suggest that EP3 signaling in moDCs facilitates liver repair by inducing IL-13-mediated switching of macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory to pro-reparative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takuya Goto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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11
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Ooizumi Y, Kojima K, Igarashi K, Tanaka Y, Harada H, Yokota K, Kaida T, Ishii S, Tanaka T, Yokoi K, Nishizawa N, Washio M, Ushiku H, Katoh H, Kosaka Y, Mieno H, Hosoda K, Watanabe M, Katada C, Hiki N, Yamashita K. Comprehensive Exploration to Identify Predictive DNA Markers of ΔNp63/SOX2 in Drug Resistance in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:4814-4825. [PMID: 31529309 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND OBP-801 is a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor being developed as an anticancer drug. In this study, we explored genes to predict drug resistance in human cancer. METHODS OBP-801 resistance was assessed in 37 strains of human cancer cell lines. Expression microarrays harboring 54,675 genes were used to focus on candidate genes, which were validated for both functional and clinical relevance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). RESULTS OBP-801 is sensitive to esophageal, gastric, and thyroid cancer, and resistant to some esophageal and colorectal cancers. We therefore used ESCC to explore genes. Comprehensive exploration focused on ΔNp63/SOX2, which were both genetically and epigenetically overexpressed in ESCC. Genomic amplifications of ΔNp63/SOX2 were tightly correlated each other (r = 0.81). Importantly, genomic amplification of ΔNp63/SOX2 in the resected tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was significantly associated with histological grade of response (G1). Forced expression of either of these two genes did not induce each other, suggesting that their functional relevances were independent and showed robust drug resistance in OBP-801, as well as 5-fluorouracil. Furthermore, ΔNp63 could exert a potent oncogenic potential. RNA interference of ΔNp63 supported its oncological properties, as well as drug resistance. CONCLUSION Comprehensive exploration of genes involved in anticancer drug residence could identify critical oncogenes of ΔNp63/SOX2 that would predict chemotherapy response in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ooizumi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keita Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Harada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaida
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Marie Washio
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kosaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mieno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chikatoshi Katada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiki
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. .,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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12
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Nishizawa N, Harada H, Kumamoto Y, Kaizu T, Katoh H, Tajima H, Ushiku H, Yokoi K, Igarashi K, Fujiyama Y, Okuwaki K, Iwai T, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Diagnostic potential of hypermethylation of the cysteine dioxygenase 1 gene (CDO1) promoter DNA in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2846-2855. [PMID: 31325200 PMCID: PMC6726695 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA markers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are urgently needed for detection of minimally invasive disease. The epigenetic relevance of the cysteine dioxygenase 1 gene (CDO1) has been never investigated in PDAC. Three studies, including cellular experiments, tissue validation, and pilot testing for pancreatic cytology, were carried out. Promoter DNA methylation value (MV) of CDO1 was quantified by quantitative methylation‐specific PCR. CDO1 expression was consistent with its promoter DNA methylation in 7 PDAC cell lines. In 160 retrospectively collected primary PDAC tumor tissues, MV was significantly higher compared to the corresponding noncancerous pancreas (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.97, P < .0001), and CDO1 hypermethylation was highly specific to PDAC tumor tissues. CDO1 hypermethylation group (MV over 19) was significantly associated with diverse prognostic factors in PDAC. Surprisingly, it was significantly higher in prospectively collected PDAC cytology samples (n = 37), including both pancreatic juice (n = 12) and endoscopic ultrasound‐fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) cytology (n = 25) compared to pancreatic benign diseases (AUC = 0.96, P < .0001). Detection of PDAC was confirmed by DNA testing in 35 of 37 patients (95% sensitivity); thus, it was more sensitive than cytology (33%) or EUS‐FNA cytology (88%). Promoter DNA methylation of CDO1 is extremely specific for PDAC tumors, and accumulates with PDAC tumor progression. It could be a definitive diagnostic marker of PDAC in pancreatic juice or EUS‐FNA cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroki Harada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaizu
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tajima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Fujiyama
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okuwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan.,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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13
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Saito S, Yamanaka M, Sakakibara Y, Omoda E, Kataura H, Nishizawa N. All-polarization-maintaining Er-doped dual comb fiber laser using single-wall carbon nanotubes. Opt Express 2019; 27:17868-17875. [PMID: 31252739 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.017868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated a bi-directional, Er-doped dual comb fiber laser consisting of all-polarization-maintaining fiber devices. Polyimide films in which single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were dispersed were used as the in-line saturable absorber. In order to avoid synchronization of the two combs and associated damage to the SWNT film, a two-branch configuration with two SWNT films was employed. Soliton pulses with almost the same optical spectra were generated stably in each direction, and dual comb beats were observed simply by overlapping the two outputs. The repetition frequency was 28 MHz, and the frequency difference was 105-140 Hz. Thanks to the small frequency difference, dual comb beats corresponding to the whole optical spectrum were observed without any overlapping. Fourier transform spectroscopy using the developed dual comb source was examined, and the characteristics of an optical filter were successfully obtained.
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14
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Harada H, Hosoda K, Moriya H, Mieno H, Ema A, Ushiku H, Washio M, Nishizawa N, Ishii S, Yokota K, Tanaka Y, Kaida T, Soeno T, Kosaka Y, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Cancer-specific promoter DNA methylation of Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1) gene as an important prognostic biomarker of gastric cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214872. [PMID: 30934021 PMCID: PMC6443169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been few available prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer. We rigorously assessed the clinical relevance of promoter DNA methylation of Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1) gene, a cancer-specific aberration, in human gastric cancer. METHODS Quantitative CDO1 methylation value (TaqMeth V) was initially calculated in 138 gastric cancer patients operated in 2005, and its clinical significance was elucidated. As a subsequent expanded set, 154 gastric cancer patients with pathological stage (pStage) II / III with no postoperative therapy were validated between 2000 and 2010. RESULTS (1) Median TaqMeth V of CDO1 gene methylation of gastric cancer was 25.6, ranging from 0 to 120.9. As pStage progressed, CDO1 TaqMeth V became higher (p < 0.0001). (2) The optimal cut-off value was determined to be 32.6; gastric cancer patients with high CDO1 gene methylation showed a significantly worse prognosis than those with low CDO1 gene methylation (p < 0.0001). (3) A multivariate cox proportional hazards model identified high CDO1 gene methylation (p = 0.033) as an independent prognostic factor. (4) The results were recapitulated in the expanded set in pStage III, where high CDO1 gene methylation group had a significantly worse prognosis than low CDO1 gene methylation group (p = 0.0065). Hematogenous metastasis was unique in pStage III with high CDO1 gene methylation (p = 0.0075). (5) Anchorage independent growth was reduced in several gastric cancer cell lines due to forced expression of the CDO1 gene, suggesting that abnormal CDO1 gene expression may represent distant metastatic ability. CONCLUSIONS Promoter DNA hypermethylation of CDO1 gene was rigorously validated as an important prognostic biomarker in primary gastric cancer with specific stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Harada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Moriya
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mieno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Ema
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Marie Washio
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaida
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Soeno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kosaka
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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15
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Sakamoto H, Suzuki R, Nishizawa N, Matsuda T, Gotoh T. Effects of Wolbachia/Cardinium Infection on the Mitochondrial Phylogeny of Oligonychus castaneae (Acari: Tetranychidae). J Econ Entomol 2019; 112:883-893. [PMID: 30496431 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of invertebrates harbor intracellular endosymbiotic bacteria. Within these endosymbionts, Wolbachia and Cardinium, have been attracting particular attention because these bacteria frequently affect the genetic structure and genetic diversity of their hosts. They cause various reproductive alterations such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis induction, male-killing, and feminization. Through these alterations, they also affect the maternally inherited organelles of their hosts. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can be used for molecular phylogenetic analysis of invertebrates. However, in Wolbachia- or Cardinium-infected invertebrates, phylogenetic trees based on mtDNA are often inconsistent with those based on nuclear DNA. In the present study, we determined the Wolbachia/Cardinium infection status of 45 populations of the mite, Oligonychus castaneae Ehara & Gotoh (Acari: Tetranychidae), collected throughout Japan. Then, we compared phylogenetic trees of O. castaneae based on both the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of mtDNA and the 28S rRNA gene of nuclear DNA to clarify the effects of Wolbachia and/or Cardinium infection. We found 106 Wolbachia-infected individuals and 250 Cardinium-infected individuals in a total of 450 individuals, indicating an infection rate of 79%. No double-infected individuals were observed. In the 28S tree, almost all populations formed a single group. In the COI tree, O. castaneae formed four separate groups that more closely followed Wolbachia/Cardinium infection than geographic distribution. These results strongly suggest that the endosymbionts affected mitochondrial variation of O. castaneae.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sakamoto
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
- National Institute for Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Suzuki
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N Nishizawa
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Matsuda
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
- Nihon BioData Corporation, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Gotoh
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
- Faculty of Economics, Ryutsu Keizai University, Ryugasaki, Ibaraki, Japan
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16
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Tanaka T, Kojima K, Yokota K, Tanaka Y, Ooizumi Y, Ishii S, Nishizawa N, Yokoi K, Ushiku H, Kikuchi M, Kojo K, Minatani N, Katoh H, Sato T, Nakamura T, Sawanobori M, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Comprehensive Genetic Search to Clarify the Molecular Mechanism of Drug Resistance Identifies ASCL2-LEF1/TSPAN8 Axis in Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:1401-1411. [PMID: 30706227 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment-resistance genes limiting anticancer therapy have not been well clarified in colorectal cancer (CRC). We explored gene expression profiles to identify biomarkers for predicting treatment resistance to an anticancer drug in CRC. METHODS Six CRC cell lines were treated with phenylbutyrate (PB). The gene expression profiles were then compared using microarrays (harboring 54,675 genes), and genes associated with PB resistance were identified. Candidate genes were functionally examined in cell lines and clinically validated for treatment resistance in clinical samples. RESULTS Both DLD1 and HCT15 cells were PB resistant, while HCT116 cells were identified as PB sensitive. On microarray analysis, among the PB resistance-related genes, the expression of the genes ASCL2, LEF1, and TSPAN8 was clearly associated with PB resistance. PB-sensitive cells transfected with one of these three genes exhibited significant (P < 0.001) augmentation of PB resistance; ASCL2 induced expression of both LEF1 and TSPAN8, while neither LEF1 nor TSPAN8 induced ASCL2. RNA interference via ASCL2 knockdown made PB-resistant cells sensitive to PB and inhibited both genes. ASCL2 knockdown also played a critical role in sensitivity to treatment by 5-fluorouracil and radiotherapy in addition to PB. Finally, ASCL2 expression was significantly correlated with histological grade of rectal cancer with preoperative chemoradiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS ASCL2 was identified as a causative gene involved in therapeutic resistance against anticancer treatments in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keita Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ooizumi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mariko Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoko Minatani
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Epigenetic Treatment Research Group, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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17
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Kojima K, Nakamura T, Ooizumi Y, Igarashi K, Tanaka T, Yokoi K, Ishii S, Nishizawa N, Katoh H, Kosaka Y, Sato T, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Clinical significance of cancer specific methylation of the CDO1 gene in small bowel cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211108. [PMID: 30677088 PMCID: PMC6345476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although small bowel cancer (SBC) is extremely rare, its prognosis is poor, and molecular mechanism of the SBC development remains unclear. The aim of our study is to elucidate whether DNA methylation of the promoter region of the cancer-specific methylation gene, cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1), contributes to the carcinogenic process in SBC. The study group comprised patients with 53 patients with SBC, 107 colorectal cancer (CRC), and other rare tumors of the small intestine such as 4 malignant lymphomas, 2 leiomyosarcomas, and 9 gastrointestinal stromal tumors. We analyzed the extent of methylation in each tissue using quantitative TaqMan methylation-specific PCR for CDO1. Significantly higher CDO1 methylation was observed in cancer tissues compared with non-cancerous mucosa of the small intestine (ROC = 0.96). Among the various clinicopathological factors, positive correlation of CDO1 methylation with tumor diameter was observed (R = 0.31, p = 0.03), and the CDO1 methylation level was a possible prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (p = 0.09). Compared with CRC, SBC had a significantly poorer prognosis (p = 0.007) and displayed a significantly higher CDO1 methylation level (p < 0.0001). Intriguingly, especially in pStage I/II, there were robust prognostic difference between SBC and CRC (p = 0.08 / p < 0.0001), which may reflect CDO1 methylation status (p = 0.02 / p = 0.001). Among small bowel tumors, CDO1 methylation in SBC was higher in order of malignant lymphoma, cancer, and leiomyosarcoma/GIST (p = 0.002) by ANOVA. The CDO1 gene shows extremely cancer-specific hypermethylation, and it can be a prognostic marker in SBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ooizumi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kosaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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18
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Nishizawa N, Kumamoto Y, Katoh H, Ushiku H, Yokoi K, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Igarashi K, Tajima H, Kaizu T, Yoshida T, Saegusa M, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Dissected peripancreatic tissue margin is a critical prognostic factor and is associated with a K-ras gene mutation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:2141-2150. [PMID: 30675280 PMCID: PMC6341795 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the dissected pancreatic tissue margin (DPM) and the preoperative serum level of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (preCA19-9) were independent prognostic factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In the current study, the prognostic relevance of these factors, including their molecular associations, were validated. A total of 161 patients with PDAC underwent a pancreatectomy between 1986 and 2013, and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model and a propensity score-based model validated the prognostic importance of DPM. The prognostic factors were compared with the mutation profiles of the K-ras and TP53 genes. Univariate prognostic analysis of disease-specific survival (DSS) demonstrated that DPM (P<0.0001), preCA19-9 (P<0.0001) and Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage (P<0.0001), were all significantly associated with poor outcome in PDAC. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model confirmed that preCA19-9 (P=0.0002) and DPM (P=0.0002) remained as prognostic factors independent of UICC stage (P=0.0015). The combination of preCA19-9 and DPM to predict prognosis could accurately identify the long-term survivors of PDAC (70% 5-year DSS), and a multivariate logistic regression model identified that DPM was the most effective predictor of mortality. The prognostic relevance of DPM was also confirmed (P=0.0008) through propensity score-based background adjustment of patient bias. K-ras gene mutation was significantly associated with DPM (P=0.0002), and DPM-positive patients demonstrated recurrence of distant metastasis in 67% of cases. Therefore, DPM is a critical prognostic indicator in PDAC. In combination with preCA19-9, DPM may be useful to identify long-term survivors of PDAC. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, the current study was the first to discover that DPM can represent a poor prognosis based putatively on its association with the K-ras gene mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tajima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaizu
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yoshida
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Makoto Saegusa
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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19
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Yamashita K, Hosoda K, Nishizawa N, Katoh H, Watanabe M. Epigenetic biomarkers of promoter DNA methylation in the new era of cancer treatment. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3695-3706. [PMID: 30264476 PMCID: PMC6272087 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoter DNA methylation, which occurs on cytosine nucleotides across CpG islands, results in gene silencing and represents a major epigenetic alteration in human cancer. Methylation-specific PCR can amplify these modifications as markers in cancer cells. In the present work, we rigorously review the published literatures describing DNA methylation in the promoters of critical tumor suppressor genes; detection of promoter DNA methylation in various body fluids permits early detection of cancer cells during perioperative courses of clinical treatment. The latest whole-genome comprehensive explorations identified excellent epigenetic biomarkers that could be detected at high frequency with high specificity; these biomarkers, which are designated highly relevant methylation genes (HRMG), permit the discrimination of tumor tissues from the corresponding normal tissues; these markers are also associated with unique cancer phenotypes, including dismal prognosis. In humans, HRMG include the CDO1, GSHR, RASSF1 and SFRP1 genes, with these markers permitting discrimination depending on the organs tested. The combination of several HRMG increased the early detection of cancer and exhibited reliable surveillance potential in human body fluids. Cancer clinics using such epigenetic biomarkers are entering a new era of enhanced decision-making with the potential for improved cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Yamashita
- SurgeryKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaKanagawaJapan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Medical FrontiersKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaKanagawaJapan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- SurgeryKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaKanagawaJapan
| | | | - Hiroshi Katoh
- SurgeryKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaKanagawaJapan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- SurgeryKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaKanagawaJapan
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20
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Inoue T, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Eshima K, Kojo K, Otaka F, Betto T, Yamane S, Tsujikawa K, Koizumi W, Majima M. RAMP1 in Kupffer cells is a critical regulator in immune-mediated hepatitis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200432. [PMID: 30462657 PMCID: PMC6248891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The significance of the relationship between the nervous and immune systems with respect to disease course is increasingly apparent. Immune cells in the liver and spleen are responsible for the development of acute liver injury, yet the regulatory mechanisms of the interactions remain elusive. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is released from the sensory nervous system, regulates innate immune activation via receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), a subunit of the CGRP receptor. Here, we show that RAMP1 in Kupffer cells (KCs) plays a critical role in the etiology of immune-mediated hepatitis. RAMP1-deficient mice with concanavalin A (ConA)-mediated hepatitis, characterized by severe liver injury accompanied by infiltration of immune cells and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by KCs and splenic T cells, showed poor survival. Removing KCs ameliorated liver damage, while depleting T cells or splenectomy led to partial amelioration. Adoptive transfer of splenic T cells from RAMP1-deficient mice led to a modest increase in liver injury. Co-culture of KCs with splenic T cells led to increased cytokine expression by both cells in a RAMP1-dependent manner. Thus, immune-mediated hepatitis develops via crosstalk between immune cells. RAMP1 in KCs is a key regulator of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumisato Otaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Betto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sakiko Yamane
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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21
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Tanaka T, Kaida T, Yokoi K, Ishii S, Nishizawa N, Kawamata H, Katoh H, Sato T, Nakamura T, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Critical relevance of genomic gains of PRL-3/EGFR/c-myc pathway genes in liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1257-1266. [PMID: 30655893 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The PRL-3 gene is involved in the liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and oncogene addiction to anticancer therapy. In the present study genomic gains in PRL-3 and its pathway genes, c-myc and EGFR, were investigated in order to determine their clinical relevance during metastatic formation in primary CRC and corresponding liver metastases. The genomic gain statuses of PRL-3, EGFR, and c-myc were investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis in 35 samples of CRC and corresponding liver metastases. In the primary CRC specimens, genomic gains in PRL-3, c-myc, and EGFR were observed in 4, 4, and 13 cases, respectively. A genomic gain in one gene was observed in 18 cases, and these genomic gains were mutually exclusive. In the liver metastasis specimens, genomic gains were observed in 14, 8, and 13 cases, respectively. The copy numbers of PRL-3 and c-myc were significantly higher in the liver metastases than in the primary CRC specimens (P=0.03, P=0.009, respectively). A genomic gain in PRL-3 was the most frequent gain in the liver metastases (P=0.004) and was partially redundant with a c-myc genomic gain. EGFR genomic gains were consistent between the primary CRC and the liver metastases (P=0.0000008). In addition, a genomic gain in any of the 3 genes was observed in 23 cases (66%). Among the clinicopathological factors that were assessed, an EGFR genomic gain was significantly associated with tumour size in the primary CRC and the liver metastases (P=0.04). A c-myc genomic gain was also significantly associated with the v factor of the primary tumours in the liver metastases (P<0.01). In conclusion, the genomic copy numbers of PRL-3, c-myc and EGFR were frequently characterised by aberrations in genomic gain in liver metastases from CRC; thus, these gene statuses exhibit potential for the identification of patients who are likely to respond positively to anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaida
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawamata
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Centre for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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Nishizawa N, Hosoda K, Moriya H, Mieno H, Ema A, Ushiku H, Ishii S, Tanaka T, Washio M, Yokoi K, Harada H, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Patients' preoperative background causes gastric stasis after laparoscopy-assisted pylorus-preserving gastrectomy. Asian J Endosc Surg 2018; 11:337-345. [PMID: 29573227 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite technical improvements in laparoscopic gastrectomy, gastric stasis is still a serious problem in laparoscopy-assisted pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (LAPPG). The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that might cause gastric stasis in LAPPG. METHODS From April 2004 through November 2012, 85 patients with cT1N0 middle-third gastric cancer who underwent LAPPG at Kitasato University Hospital; these patients were included in the present study. Infra-pyloric vein (IPV)-preserving LAPPG was performed in 41 patients. We compared the rate of gastric stasis in the IPV-preserving and the IPV-non-preserving groups, and analyzed the clinicopathological factors that might have caused gastric stasis. RESULTS We did not demonstrate that preservation of the IPV could prevent gastric stasis in the early and late postoperative periods. Symptoms of gastric stasis were most frequently recognized 1 year after surgery. A significantly higher proportion of preoperative ASA class 2 patients had gastric stasis than did not (80.0% [12/15] vs 48.6% [34/70], P=0.02). Among the ASA class 2 patients, a significantly greater proportion of those with depressed activities of daily living than those with normal activities of daily living had gastric stasis (66.7% [4/6] vs 20.0% [8/40], P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS The clinical significance of the IPV preservation in LAPPG could not be demonstrated. LAPPG should be performed for ASA class 1 patients or those with maintained preoperative activities of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Moriya
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mieno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akira Ema
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Marie Washio
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Harada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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23
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Nakamoto S, Kumamoto Y, Igarashi K, Fujiyama Y, Nishizawa N, Ei S, Tajima H, Kaizu T, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Methylated promoter DNA of CDO1 gene and preoperative serum CA19-9 are prognostic biomarkers in primary extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205864. [PMID: 30325974 PMCID: PMC6191141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoter DNA methylation of Cysteine dioxygenase type1 (CDO1) gene has been clarified as a molecular diagnostic and prognostic indicator in various human cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical relevance of CDO1 methylation in primary biliary tract cancer (BTC). METHODS CDO1 DNA methylation was assessed by quantitative methylation-specific PCR in 108 BTC tumor tissues and 101 corresponding normal tissues. BTC was composed of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) (n = 81) and ampullary carcinoma (AC) (n = 27). RESULTS The CDO1 methylation value in the tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in the corresponding normal tissues (p<0.0001). The overall survival (OS) in EHCC patients with hypermethylation was poorer than those with hypomethylation (p = 0.0018), whereas there was no significant difference in AC patients. Multivariate analysis identified that CDO1 hypermethylation, preoperative serum CA19-9 and perineural invasion were independent prognostic factors in EHCC. The EHCC patients with CDO1 hypermethylation exhibited more dismal prognosis than those with hypomethylation even in low group of CA19-9 level (p = 0.0006). CONCLUSIONS Our study provided evidence that promoter DNA methylation of CDO1 gene could be an excellent molecular diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in primary EHCC. The combination of CDO1 methylation and preoperative serum CA19-9 effectively enriched EHCC patients who showed the most dismal prognosis. These markers would be beneficial for clinical clarification of the optimal strategies in EHCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Fujiyama
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shigenori Ei
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tajima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaizu
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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24
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Yokoi K, Harada H, Yokota K, Ishii S, Tanaka T, Nishizawa N, Shimazu M, Kojo K, Miura H, Yamanashi T, Sato T, Nakamura T, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Epigenetic Status of CDO1 Gene May Reflect Chemosensitivity in Colon Cancer with Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2018; 26:406-414. [PMID: 30311169 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-6865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1) acts as a tumor suppressor gene, and its expression is regulated by promoter DNA methylation in human cancer. The metabolic product mediated by CDO1 enzyme increases mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), putatively representing chemoresistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the functional relevance of CDO1 gene in colon cancer with chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We investigated 170 stage III colon cancer patients for CDO1 methylation by using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To elucidate the functional role of CDO1 gene in colorectal cancer (CRC) biology, we established cell lines that stably express CDO1 gene and evaluated chemosensitivity, MMP, and tolerability assay including anaerobic environment. RESULTS Hypermethylation of CDO1 gene was an independent prognostic factor for stage III colon cancer on multivariate prognostic analysis. Surprisingly, patients with CDO1 hypermethylation exhibited better prognosis than those with CDO1 hypomethylation in stage III colon cancer with postoperative chemotherapy (P = 0.03); however, a similar finding was not seen in those without postoperative chemotherapy. In some CRC cell lines, forced expression of CDO1 gene increased MMP accompanied by chemoresistance and/or tolerance under hypoxia. CONCLUSION CDO1 methylation may be a useful biomarker to increase the number of stage III colon cancer patients who can be saved by adjuvant therapy. Such clinical relevance may represent the functionally oncogenic property of CDO1 gene through MMP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Harada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimazu
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Miura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamanashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. .,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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25
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Kumamoto Y, Kaizu T, Tajima H, Nishizawa N, Ei S, Igarashi K, Watanabe M. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of postoperative morbidity in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 9:362-368. [PMID: 30233792 PMCID: PMC6142300 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammatory-, immunological- and nutritional-based indices, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), are drawing considerable research attention to predict the long-term prognosis of many types of cancer. Recently, these parameters have also been reported to be useful in predicting postoperative morbidity in several fields, including colorectal and otolaryngological cancer. However, while distal cholangiocarcinoma exhibits a high morbidity rate, its risk factors of morbidity have not yet been established. This is because previous studies have analyzed distal cholangiocarcinoma as periampullary tumors combined with pancreatic head cancer. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the application of the NLR, the PNI and the GPS in evaluating risk factors for postoperative morbidity in patients with distal cholangiocellular or ampullary carcinoma. Eighty-four patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for distal cholangiocellular or ampullary carcinoma at the Department of Surgery in Kitasato University Hospital between 2008 and 2016 were enrolled. Associations between perioperative characteristics (NLR, PNI and GPS) and postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo classification grade III or higher) were retrospectively analyzed. In the univariate analysis, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, body mass index (BMI) and the NLR were associated with postoperative complications (P<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, BMI [>23.0 kg/m2; odds ratio (OR): 3.80, 95.0% confidence interval (CI): 1.35–11.83; P=0.011] and the NLR (>2.0; OR: 6.77, 95.0% CI: 2.44–21.13; P<0.001) were independent risk factors for postoperative complications. BMI and the NLR are valuable predictors of postoperative morbidity following PD in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma. It would be beneficial to determine treatment strategies for distal cholangiocarcinoma based on the NLR to reduce postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaizu
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tajima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shigenori Ei
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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Nishizawa N, Ito Y, Eshima K, Ohkubo H, Kojo K, Inoue T, Raouf J, Jakobsson PJ, Uematsu S, Akira S, Narumiya S, Watanabe M, Majima M. Inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 facilitates liver repair after hepatic injury in mice. J Hepatol 2018; 69:110-120. [PMID: 29458169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver repair following hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is crucial to survival. This study aims to examine the role of endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) produced by inducible microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1), a terminal enzyme of PGE2 generation, in liver injury and repair following hepatic I/R. METHODS mPGES-1 deficient (Ptges-/-) mice or their wild-type (WT) counterparts were subjected to partial hepatic ischemia followed by reperfusion. The role of E prostanoid receptor 4 (EP4) was then studied using a genetic knockout model and a selective antagonist. RESULTS Compared with WT mice, Ptges-/- mice exhibited reductions in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), necrotic area, neutrophil infiltration, chemokines, and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Ptges-/- mice also showed promoted liver repair and increased Ly6Clow macrophages (Ly6Clow/CD11bhigh/F4/80high-cells) with expression of anti-inflammatory and reparative genes, while WT mice exhibited delayed liver repair and increased Ly6Chigh macrophages (Ly6Chigh/CD11bhigh/F4/80low-cells) with expression of proinflammatory genes. Bone marrow (BM)-derived mPGES-1-deficient macrophages facilitated liver repair with increases in Ly6Clow macrophages. In vitro, mPGES-1 was expressed in macrophages polarized toward the proinflammatory profile. Mice treated with the mPGES-1 inhibitor Compound III displayed increased liver protection and repair. Hepatic I/R enhanced the hepatic expression of PGE receptor subtype, EP4, in WT mice, which was reduced in Ptges-/- mice. A selective EP4 antagonist and genetic deletion of Ptger4, which codes for EP4, accelerated liver repair. The proinflammatory gene expression was upregulated by stimulation of EP4 agonist in WT macrophages but not in EP4-deficient macrophages. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that mPGES-1 regulates macrophage polarization as well as liver protection and repair through EP4 signaling during hepatic I/R. Inhibition of mPGES-1 could have therapeutic potential by promoting liver repair after acute liver injury. LAY SUMMARY Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury is a serious complication that occurs in liver surgery. Herein, we demonstrated that inducible prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES-1), an enzyme involved in synthesizing prostaglandin E2, worsens the injury and delays liver repair through accumulation of proinflammatory macrophages. Inhibition of mPGES-1 offers a potential therapy for both liver protection and repair in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hirotoki Ohkubo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Joan Raouf
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Satoshi Uematsu
- Department of Mucosal Immunology, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Innate Immune Regulation, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Laboratory of Host Defense, World Premier Institute Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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27
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Kojima K, Nakamura T, Ohbu M, Katoh H, Ooizumi Y, Igarashi K, Ishii S, Tanaka T, Yokoi K, Nishizawa N, Yokota K, Kosaka Y, Sato T, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1) gene promoter methylation during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194785. [PMID: 29746493 PMCID: PMC5944981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been explained by genomic abnormalities along with the adenoma-carcinoma sequence theory (ACS). The aim of our study is to elucidate whether the promoter DNA methylation of the cancer-specific methylation gene, cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1), contributes to the carcinogenic process in CRC. METHODS The study group comprised 107 patients with CRC who underwent surgical resection and 90 adenomas treated with endoscopic resection in the Kitasato University Hospital in 2000. We analyzed the extent of methylation in each tissue using quantitative TaqMan methylation-specific PCR for CDO1. RESULTS The methylation level increased along with the ACS process (p < 0.0001), and statistically significant differences were found between normal-appearing mucosa (NAM) and low-grade adenoma (p < 0.0001), and between low-grade adenoma and high-grade adenoma (p = 0.01), but not between high-grade adenoma and cancer with no liver metastasis. Furthermore, primary CRC cancers with liver metastasis harbored significantly higher methylation of CDO1 than those without liver metastasis (p = 0.02). As a result, the area under the curve by CDO1 promoter methylation was 0.96, 0.80, and 0.67 to discriminate cancer from NAM, low-grade adenoma from NAM, and low-grade adenoma from high-grade adenoma, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CDO1 methylation accumulates during the ACS process, and consistently contributes to CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohbu
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ooizumi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kosaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Department of Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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28
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Shimizu Y, Amano H, Ito Y, Betto T, Yamane S, Inoue T, Nishizawa N, Matsui Y, Kamata M, Nakamura M, Kitasato H, Koizumi W, Majima M. Angiotensin II subtype 1a receptor signaling in resident hepatic macrophages induces liver metastasis formation. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1757-1768. [PMID: 28660748 PMCID: PMC5581524 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) are a clinically significant problem. The renin-angiotensin system is involved in tumor growth and metastases. This study was designed to evaluate the role of angiotensin II subtype receptor 1a (AT1a) in the formation of liver metastasis in CRC. A model of liver metastasis was developed by intrasplenic injection of mouse colon cancer (CMT-93) into AT1a knockout mice (AT1aKO) and wild-type (C57BL/6) mice (WT). Compared with WT mice, the liver weight and liver metastatic rate were significantly lower in AT1aKO. The mRNA levels of CD31, transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1), and F4/80 were suppressed in AT1aKO compared with WT. Double immunofluorescence analysis showed that the number of accumulated F4/80+ cells expressing TGF-β1 in metastatic areas was higher in WT than in AT1aKO. The AT1aKO bone marrow (BM) (AT1aKO-BM)→WT showed suppressed formation of liver metastasis compared with WT-BM→WT. However, the formation of metastasis was further suppressed in WT-BM→AT1aKO compared with AT1aKO-BM→WT. In addition, accumulated F4/80+ cells in the liver metastasis were not BM-derived F4/80+ cells, but mainly resident hepatic F4/80+ cells, and these resident hepatic F4/80+ cells were positive for TGF-β1. Angiotensin II enhanced TGF-β1 expression in Kupffer cells. Treatment of WT with clodronate liposomes suppressed liver metastasis by diminishing TGF-β1+ F4/80+ cells accumulation. The formation of liver metastasis correlated with collagen deposition in the metastatic area, which was dependent on AT1a signaling. These results suggested that resident hepatic macrophages induced liver metastasis formation by induction of TGF-β1 through AT1a signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Shimizu
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of SurgeryKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Betto
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Sakiko Yamane
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of SurgeryKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Yoshio Matsui
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Mariko Kamata
- Department of NephrologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Department of MicrobiologyKitasato University School of Allied Health SciencesKanagawaJapan
| | - Hidero Kitasato
- Department of MicrobiologyKitasato University School of Allied Health SciencesKanagawaJapan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
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Ushiku H, Yamashita K, Ema A, Minatani N, Kikuchi M, Kojo K, Yokoi K, Tanaka T, Nishizawa N, Ishii S, Hosoda K, Moriya H, Mieno H, Katada N, Kikuchi S, Katoh H, Watanabe M. DNA diagnosis of peritoneal fluid cytology test by CDO1 promoter DNA hypermethylation in gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2017; 20:784-792. [PMID: 28243814 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-017-0697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimal residual disease of the peritoneum is challenging for early cancer detection in gastric cancer (GC). Utility of PCR amplification of cancer-derived DNA has been considered feasible due to its molecular stability, however such markers have never been available in GC clinics. We recently discovered cancer-specific methylation of CDO1 gene in GC, and investigated the clinical potential to detect the minimal residual disease. METHODS One hundred and two GC patients were investigated for peritoneal fluid cytology test (CY), and detection level of the promoter DNA methylation of CDO1 gene was assessed by quantitative methylation specific PCR (Q-MSP) in the sediments (DNA CY). RESULTS (1) CY1 was pathologically confirmed in 8 cases, while DNA CY1 was detected in 18 cases. All 8 CY1 were DNA CY1. (2) DNA CY1 was recognized in 14.3, 25.0, 20.0, and 42.9%, in macroscopic Type II, small type III, large type III, and type IV, respectively, while it was not recognized in Type 0/I/V. (3) DNA CY1 was prognostic relevance in gastric cancer (p = 0.0004), and its significance was robust among Type III/IV gastric cancer (p = 0.006 for overall survival and p = 0.0006 for peritoneal recurrence free survival). (4) The peritoneal recurrence was hardly seen in GC patients with potent perioperative chemotherapy among those with DNA CY1. CONCLUSIONS DNA CY1 detected by Q-MSP for CDO1 gene promoter DNA methylation has a great potential to detect minimal residual disease of the peritoneum in GC clinics as a novel DNA marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Akira Ema
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Naoko Minatani
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Mariko Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Moriya
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mieno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Natsuya Katada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shiro Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
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30
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Ishii S, Yamashita K, Harada H, Ushiku H, Tanaka T, Nishizawa N, Yokoi K, Washio M, Ema A, Mieno H, Moriya H, Hosoda K, Waraya M, Katoh H, Watanabe M. The H19-PEG10/IGF2BP3 axis promotes gastric cancer progression in patients with high lymph node ratios. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74567-74581. [PMID: 29088808 PMCID: PMC5650363 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the lymph node ratio (LNR) is a prognostic factor associated with EGFR expression, among first priority genes amplified or overexpressed in cancer. Here, we investigated the associations between high LNR and second, third, and fourth priority genes. We performed mRNA expression microarray analysis of tumor tissue from patients with stage III gastric cancer and high or low LNRs. Candidate high LNR-associated genes were further evaluated in 39 patients with stage III gastric cancer. The functional relevance of these genes was evaluated in gastric cancer cell lines. We focused on five genes: H19,PEG10, IGF2BP3, CD177, and PGA3. H19 and PEG10 were confirmed as high LNR-associated genes. H19, PEG10, and IGF2BP3 were found to promote each other’s expression. Knocking down H19 or PEG10 using RNAi decreased cell proliferation, invasion, anchorage-independent growth, and chemoresistance. These genes had a mutual relationship in MKN7 cells. H19 knockdown decreased expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated genes in MKN74 cells to suppress transformation. Thus, H19 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer and is a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Harada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Marie Washio
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akira Ema
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mieno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Moriya
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Mina Waraya
- Department of Surgery, Sagamino Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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31
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Mishima T, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Amano H, Tsujikawa K, Miyaji K, Watanabe M, Majima M. RAMP1 signaling improves lymphedema and promotes lymphangiogenesis in mice. J Surg Res 2017; 219:50-60. [PMID: 29078910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.05.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary lymphedema commonly arises as a complication of cancer surgery and radiation treatment; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) forms a complex with calcitonin receptor-like receptor to generate the receptor for calcitonin gene-related peptide. The present study examined whether RAMP1 plays a role in increased lymphangiogenesis during secondary lymphedema. METHODS A model of lymphedema was generated by surgical removal of pre-existing lymphatic vessels from the subcutaneous tissue on the tails of RAMP1-deficient (RAMP1-/-) mice and their wild-type (WT) counterparts. The maximum diameter of the tail, lymphangiogenesis, and macrophage recruitment were then examined. RESULTS Compared with that in WT mice, lymphedema in the tails in RAMP1-/- mice was sustained, with suppressed lymphangiogenesis and reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 at the distal edge of the lesions. The newly formed lymphatic vessels in RAMP1-/- mice were dilated, with impaired lymphatic flow. RAMP1 was expressed by macrophages recruited into edematous tail tissues distal to the wound. The number of macrophages in RAMP1-/- mice was higher than that in WT mice. Expression of messenger RNA encoding M1 macrophage-related genes, including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1, was higher in RAMP1-/- mice than in WT mice, whereas expression of messenger RNA encoding M2 macrophage genes, including interleukin-10, was lower. CONCLUSIONS RAMP1 signaling improves lymphedema and accelerates lymphangiogenesis associated with reduced recruitment of pro-inflammatory macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Mishima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kagami Miyaji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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32
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Kawashima-Takeda N, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Kawashima R, Tanaka K, Tsujikawa K, Watanabe M, Majima M. RAMP1 suppresses mucosal injury from dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:809-818. [PMID: 27513455 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is thought to be involved in the modulation of intestinal motility. CGRP receptor is composed of receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 1 combined with calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) for CGRP. The study investigated the role of CGRP in mice with experimentally induced colitis. METHODS The study used dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce colitis in mice. The study compared the severity of colitis in wild-type (WT) mice, mice treated with a CGRP receptor antagonist (CGRP8-37 ), and RAMP1 knockout (-/- ) mice. Pathological changes in the mucosa were assessed, and inflammatory cells and cytokine levels were measured. RESULTS The severity of inflammation in DSS-induced colitis increased markedly in CGRP8-37 -treated mice and RAMP1-/- mice compared with WT mice. RAMP1-/- mice showed more severe damage compared with CGRP8-37 -treated mice. The number of periodic acid-Schiff-positive cells decreased in CGRP8-37 -treated mice compared with WT mice and was even further decreased in RAMP1-/- mice. RAMP1 was expressed by macrophages, mast cells, and T-cells. RAMP1-/- mice exhibited excessive accumulation of macrophages and mast cells into the colonic tissue with increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β as compared with WT mice. Infiltration of T-cells into the colonic mucosa, which was associated with the expression of T helper (Th) cytokines including Th1 (interferon gamma) and Th17 (IL-17), was augmented in RAMP1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that RAMP1 exerted mucosal protection in DSS-induced colitis via attenuation of recruitment of inflammatory cells and of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kawashima-Takeda
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Rei Kawashima
- Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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33
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Yokoi K, Yamashita K, Ishii S, Tanaka T, Nishizawa N, Tsutsui A, Miura H, Katoh H, Yamanashi T, Naito M, Sato T, Nakamura T, Watanabe M. Comprehensive molecular exploration identified promoter DNA methylation of the CRBP1 gene as a determinant of radiation sensitivity in rectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:1046-1056. [PMID: 28291773 PMCID: PMC5396119 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) for advanced rectal cancer (RC) is a well-evidenced therapy; however, some RC patients have no therapeutic response. Patient selection for NCRT so that non-responsive patients are excluded has been subjective. To date, no molecular markers indicating radiation sensitivity have been reported. METHODS We irradiated six colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and identified HCT116 cells as radiation-sensitive and HCT15 and DLD-1 cells as radiation resistant. Using a microarray, we selected candidate radiation sensitivity marker genes by choosing genes whose expression was consistent with a radiation-resistant or sensitive cell phenotype. RESULTS Among candidate genes, cellular retinol binding protein 1 (CRBP1) was of particular interest because it was not only induced in HCT116 cells by tentative 10 Gy radiation treatments, but also its expression was increased in HCT116-derived radiation-resistant cells vs parental cells. Forced expression of CRBP1 decreased the viability of both HCT15 and DLD-1 cells in response to radiation therapy. We also confirmed that CRBP1 was epigenetically silenced by hypermethylation of its promoter DNA, and that the quantitative methylation value of CRBP1 significantly correlated with histological response in RC patients with NCRT (P=0.031). CONCLUSIONS Our study identified CRBP1 as a radiation-sensitive predictor in RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - K Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - S Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - T Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - N Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - A Tsutsui
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - H Miura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - H Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - T Yamanashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - M Naito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - M Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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Ushiku H, Yamashita K, Katoh H, Ema A, Minatani N, Kikuchi M, Kojo K, Yokoi K, Tanaka T, Nishizawa N, Ishii S, Hosoda K, Moriya H, Mieno H, Katada N, Kikuchi S, Watanabe M. Promoter DNA methylation of CDO1 gene and its clinical significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-9. [PMID: 27629777 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated that CDO1 methylation is frequently found in various cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but its clinical relevance has remained elusive. CDO1 methylation was investigated in 169 ESCC patients who underwent esophagectomy between 1996 and 2007. CDO1 methylation was assessed by Q-MSP (quantitative methylation specific PCR), and its clinical significance, including its relationship to prognosis, was analyzed. (i) The median TaqMeth value of CDO1 methylation was 9.4, ranging from 0 to 279.5. CDO1 methylation was significantly different between cStage I and cStage II/III (P = 0.02). (ii) On the log-rank plot, the optimal cut-off value was determined to be 8.9; ESCC patients with high CDO1 methylation showed a significantly worse prognosis than those with low CDO1 methylation (P = 0.02). (iii) A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model identified only CDO1 hypermethylation as an independent prognostic factor (HR 2.00, CI 1.09-3.78, P = 0.03). (iv) CDO1 hypermethylation stratified ESCC patients' prognosis in cStage II/III for both neoadjuvant chemo(radio)therapy (NAC)-positive and NAC-negative cases. Moreover, the CDO1 methylation level was significantly lower in cases with Grade 2/3 than in those with Grade 0/1 (P = 0.02) among cStage II/III ESCC patients with NAC. Promoter DNA hypermethylation of CDO1 could be an independent prognostic factor in ESCC; it may also reflect NAC eradication of tumor cells in the primary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ushiku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akira Ema
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Naoko Minatani
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Mariko Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kei Hosoda
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Moriya
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mieno
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Natsuya Katada
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shiro Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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35
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Ishii S, Yamashita K, Tanaka T, Nishizawa N, Yokoi K, Katoh H, Watanabe M. 254P Elucidation of the mechanism of high-lymph node metastasis density in gastric cancer-H19-PEG10 axis. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw582.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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36
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Ishii S, Yamashita K, Tanaka T, Nishizawa N, Yokoi K, Katoh H, Watanabe M. 254P Elucidation of the mechanism of high-lymph node metastasis density in gastric cancer-H19-PEG10 axis. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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37
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Tanaka T, Yamashita K, Ishii S, Nishizawa N, Yokoi K, Katoh H, Watanabe M. 206P Comprehensive genomic research to clarify the mechanism of drug resistance in colon cancer. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw581.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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Kikuchi M, Katoh H, Waraya M, Tanaka Y, Ishii S, Tanaka T, Nishizawa N, Yokoi K, Minatani N, Ema A, Kosaka Y, Tanino H, Yamashita K, Watanabe M. Epigenetic silencing of HOPX contributes to cancer aggressiveness in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2016; 384:70-78. [PMID: 27756570 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic silencing of HOPX has been shown to be frequent and specific in human cancers. HOPX is thought as a tumor suppressor gene and its promoter methylation is the main mechanism of down-regulation. In non-hereditary breast cancer, since roles of epigenetic modifications are more critical than in other cancers, the aim of this study is to seek into the roles and clinical relevance of epigenetic silencing of HOPX. Down-regulation of HOPX was observed in all human breast cancer cell lines tested. The promoter methylation was found in six of seven cell lines, and demethylating agents restored HOPX expression. The promoter methylation was cancer-specific in human breast tissues. Forced expression of HOPX attenuated anchorage-independent growth in vitro. HOPX promoter methylation independently predicted worse prognosis of breast cancer patients. Of note, HOPX promoter methylation was significantly associated with HER2 positivity as well as advanced lymph node metastasis. HOPX promoter methylation is not only frequent and cancer-specific but also associated with aggressive phenotype in breast cancer. Epigenetic silencing of HOPX may have clinical potential as a biomarker in the treatment strategy of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mina Waraya
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Yokoi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoko Minatani
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Ema
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kosaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tanino
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Nishizawa N, Yamashita K, Shinohara H, Sakuramoto S, Hosoda K, Watanabe M. Anatomical Knowledge for the Infra-Pyloric Vein Preservation during the Laparoscopy-Assisted Pylorus-Preserving Gastrectomy. Dig Surg 2016; 33:363-70. [PMID: 27119742 DOI: 10.1159/000445069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine anatomical knowledge enables us to use safer laparoscopy-assisted pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (LAPPG). Detailed anatomical knowledge of the infra-pyloric vein (IPV) remains obscure. In this study, the aim was to classify the IPV vessel flow. METHODS From April 2009 to November 2012, 43 patients with clinical T1 gastric cancer underwent LAPPG with preservation of IPV. Operative videos were retrospectively reviewed, and an anatomical classification of IPV was proposed. RESULTS The IPV flow came into the right gastro-epiploic vein (RGEV) and/or the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal vein (ASPDV). The IPV anatomical flow pattern was classified according to the following 4 types: Type I, the IPV more than 2 flow into RGEV; Type IIa, only 1 IPV into RGEV without into ASPDV; Type IIb, one IPV flow into RGEV and one flow into ASPDV; Type III, IPV only into ASPDV. The proportion of each type was 39.5% (17/43) in Type I, 30.2% (13/43) in Type IIa, 14% (6/43) in Type IIb, and 16.3% (7/43) in Type III. CONCLUSIONS The anatomical flow pattern of the IPV was described. It would be beneficial to improve the anatomical knowledge of the IPV for more elaborate and safer lymph node dissection during laparoscopic gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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40
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Nishizawa N, Kumamoto Y, Igarashi K, Nishiyama R, Tajima H, Kawamata H, Kaizu T, Watanabe M. A peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor originating from the pancreas: a case report and review of the literature. Surg Case Rep 2015; 1:80. [PMID: 26380804 PMCID: PMC4567589 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-015-0084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) is a small round cell tumor occurring mostly in children or young adults and categorized into the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors. pPNETs originating from the pancreas are especially rare, and only 25 cases have been reported in the literature. We report a case of a 22-year-old man who had a giant expansive tumor located in the uncinate process of the pancreas, 80 mm in diameter resulting in obstruction in the duodenum. The patient underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy. The histological examination showed that the pancreatic tumor was composed of atypical small round cells. Immunohistochemical findings were positive for CD99. An Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 gene 22q12 rearrangement was proven by a two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization assay. We diagnosed the tumor as a pPNET of the pancreas, which, according to the literature, is highly aggressive with poor prognosis. A multidisciplinary approach to treat these neoplasms should improve the prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Kazuharu Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Ryo Nishiyama
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tajima
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawamata
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Takashi Kaizu
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
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41
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Nishizawa N, Kumamoto Y, Hirata M, Watanabe M. Retroperitoneal schwannoma between the inferior vena cava and the abdominal aorta resected by laparoscopic surgery: A case report. Asian J Endosc Surg 2015; 8:361-4. [PMID: 26303739 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A 22-year-old woman presented with backache. Imaging analysis revealed a retroperitoneal tumor, 40 mm in diameter, surrounded by the abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, caudate lobe of liver, and the left renal vein. The tumor consisted of multilocular cystic parts, and a solid part showed contrast enhancement. The possibility of malignancy could not be excluded, so we planned a laparoscopic tumorectomy. After placement of a transjugular vascular sheath for an occlusion balloon catheter in the inferior vena cava, the operation was performed with six ports. There was a strong fibrotic adhesion between the tumor and the abdominal aorta, with other weak adhesions. The tumor was successfully resected by a laparoscopic operation with minimal bleeding. The histopathological diagnosis was a benign schwannoma. This case demonstrates that a retroperitoneal tumor adjacent to major vessels can be resected safely by laparoscopic surgery if the surgeon is especially careful of the possibility of accidental bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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42
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Imoto H, Nakao Y, Nishizawa N, Fujii S, Nakamura Y, Naka K. Tripodal polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes as a novel class of three-dimensional emulsifiers. Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2015.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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43
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Kawagoe H, Ishida S, Aramaki M, Sakakibara Y, Omoda E, Kataura H, Nishizawa N. Development of a high power supercontinuum source in the 1.7 μm wavelength region for highly penetrative ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography. Biomed Opt Express 2014; 5:932-43. [PMID: 24688825 PMCID: PMC3959847 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We developed a high power supercontinuum source at a center wavelength of 1.7 μm to demonstrate highly penetrative ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT). A single-wall carbon nanotube dispersed in polyimide film was used as a transparent saturable absorber in the cavity configuration and a high-repetition-rate ultrashort-pulse fiber laser was realized. The developed SC source had an output power of 60 mW, a bandwidth of 242 nm full-width at half maximum, and a repetition rate of 110 MHz. The average power and repetition rate were approximately twice as large as those of our previous SC source [20]. Using the developed SC source, UHR-OCT imaging was demonstrated. A sensitivity of 105 dB and an axial resolution of 3.2 μm in biological tissue were achieved. We compared the UHR-OCT images of some biological tissue samples measured with the developed SC source, the previous one, and one operating in the 1.3 μm wavelength region. We confirmed that the developed SC source had improved sensitivity and penetration depth for low-water-absorption samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Kawagoe
- Dept. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - S. Ishida
- Dept. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - M. Aramaki
- Dept. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Y. Sakakibara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
- JST, CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 330-0012, Japan
| | - E. Omoda
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - H. Kataura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
- JST, CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 330-0012, Japan
| | - N. Nishizawa
- Dept. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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44
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Ikeda H, Nishizawa N, Nishibayashi K, Munekata H. Circularly polarized light detector based on ferromagnet/semiconductor junctions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3379/msjmag.1402r016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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45
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Nozaki Y, Nishizawa N, Omoda E, Kataura H, Sakakibara Y. Power scaling of dispersion-managed Er-doped ultrashort pulse fiber laser with single wall carbon nanotubes. Opt Lett 2012; 37:5079-5081. [PMID: 23258011 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.005079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A high-power, passively mode-locked, Er-doped fiber laser with a single wall carbon nanotube polyimide film was demonstrated in dispersion-managed dissipative-soliton mode-locking operation. The average maximum power of 285 mW and a pulse energy of 8.1 nJ are the highest values yet achieved for single-pulse operation in a nanotube fiber laser. A high-power ultrashort pulse of 680 fs was generated by dispersion compensation at a repetition rate of 34.9 MHz. Passive mode-locking was numerically analyzed, and the dynamics and output properties are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nozaki
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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46
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Nishizawa N, Nozaki Y, Itoga E, Kataura H, Sakakibara Y. Dispersion-managed, high-power, Er-doped ultrashort-pulse fiber laser using carbon-nanotube polyimide film. Opt Express 2011; 19:21874-21879. [PMID: 22109039 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.021874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated a dispersion-managed, passively mode-locked, ultrashort-pulse, Er-doped fiber laser using a polyimide film containing dispersed single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and examined the dependence on net cavity dispersion and output coupling ratio using normal-dispersion fibers and a variable output coupler. For the dissipative soliton mode-locking condition, we achieved a pulse energy of 3.5 nJ and an average power of 114 mW, the highest values yet reported for an SWNT fiber laser under single-pulse operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nishizawa
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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47
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Senoo Y, Nishizawa N, Sakakibara Y, Sumimura K, Itoga E, Kataura H, Itoh K. Ultralow-repetition-rate, high-energy, polarization-maintaining, Er-doped, ultrashort-pulse fiber laser using single-wall-carbon-nanotube saturable absorber. Opt Express 2010; 18:20673-20680. [PMID: 20940963 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.020673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An ultralow-repetition-rate, all-polarization-maintaining (PM), Er-doped, ultrashort-pulse fiber laser was demonstrated using a single-wall-carbon-nanotube polyimide film. Using a ring cavity configuration, output pulses with pulse energy of 0.7-2.6 nJ were obtained at an ultralow repetition rate of 943-154 kHz for a fiber length of 0.1-1.3 km. A novel θ (theta) cavity configuration was proposed, which enabled us to reduce the required fiber length by half. A repetition rate of 132 kHz was achieved using this configuration with 909 m of PM fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Senoo
- Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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48
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Matsui H, Takatsu Y, Tanaka A, Asami T, Nishizawa N, Kiba A, Kumano S, Suzuki A, Kusaka M, Ohtaki T. 251 Potent and efficient testosterone suppression by chronic administration of novel metastin analogues, TAK-448 and TAK-683, in male rats. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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49
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Nishizawa N, Takahashi K, Ozeki Y, Itoh K. Wideband spectral compression of wavelength-tunable ultrashort soliton pulse using comb-profile fiber. Opt Express 2010; 18:11700-11706. [PMID: 20589029 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.011700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated spectral compression of ultrashort soliton pulses in a wide wavelength region based on an adiabatic soliton spectral compression technique using a comb-profile fiber. The comb-profile fiber was carefully designed using numerical analysis and fabricated using a conventional single-mode fiber and a dispersion-shifted fiber. The spectral width of a 200 fs soliton pulse was compressed from 12 to 15 nm to 0.54-0.71 nm in the wavelength region 1620-1850 nm, giving a spectral compression factor of up to 19.8-25.9. Owing to the soliton effect, the side lobe level was suppressed to -19.2 to -9.7 dB.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nishizawa
- Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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50
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Senoo Y, Nishizawa N, Sakakibara Y, Sumimura K, Itoga E, Kataura H, Itoh K. Polarization-maintaining, high-energy, wavelength-tunable, Er-doped ultrashort pulse fiber laser using carbon-nanotube polyimide film. Opt Express 2009; 17:20233-41. [PMID: 19997248 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A high-energy, wavelength-tunable, all-polarization-maintaining Er-doped ultrashort fiber laser was demonstrated using a polyimide film dispersed with single-wall carbon nanotubes. A variable output coupler and wavelength filter were used in the cavity configuration, and high-power operation was demonstrated. The maximum average power was 12.6 mW and pulse energy was 585 pJ for stable single-pulse operation with an output coupling ratio as high as 98.3%. Wide wavelength-tunable operation at 1532-1562 nm was also demonstrated by controlling the wavelength filter. The RF amplitude noise characteristics were examined in terms of their dependence on output coupling ratio and oscillation wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Senoo
- Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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