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Pathare VS, Panahabadi R, Sonawane BV, Apalla AJ, Koteyeva N, Bartley LE, Cousins AB. Altered cell wall hydroxycinnamate composition impacts leaf- and canopy-level CO2 uptake and water use in rice. Plant Physiol 2023; 194:190-208. [PMID: 37503807 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall properties play a major role in determining photosynthetic carbon uptake and water use through their impact on mesophyll conductance (CO2 diffusion from substomatal cavities into photosynthetic mesophyll cells) and leaf hydraulic conductance (water movement from xylem, through leaf tissue, to stomata). Consequently, modification of cell wall (CW) properties might help improve photosynthesis and crop water use efficiency (WUE). We tested this using 2 independent transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) lines overexpressing the rice OsAT10 gene (encoding a "BAHD" CoA acyltransferase), which alters CW hydroxycinnamic acid content (more para-coumaric acid and less ferulic acid). Plants were grown under high and low water levels, and traits related to leaf anatomy, CW composition, gas exchange, hydraulics, plant biomass, and canopy-level water use were measured. Alteration of hydroxycinnamic acid content led to statistically significant decreases in mesophyll CW thickness (-14%) and increased mesophyll conductance (+120%) and photosynthesis (+22%). However, concomitant increases in stomatal conductance negated the increased photosynthesis, resulting in no change in intrinsic WUE (ratio of photosynthesis to stomatal conductance). Leaf hydraulic conductance was also unchanged; however, transgenic plants showed small but statistically significant increases in aboveground biomass (AGB) (+12.5%) and canopy-level WUE (+8.8%; ratio of AGB to water used) and performed better under low water levels than wild-type plants. Our results demonstrate that changes in CW composition, specifically hydroxycinnamic acid content, can increase mesophyll conductance and photosynthesis in C3 cereal crops such as rice. However, attempts to improve photosynthetic WUE will need to enhance mesophyll conductance and photosynthesis while maintaining or decreasing stomatal conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha S Pathare
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Rahele Panahabadi
- College of Agricultural. Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Balasaheb V Sonawane
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Anthony Jude Apalla
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Nuria Koteyeva
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Laura E Bartley
- College of Agricultural. Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Asaph B Cousins
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
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Pathare VS, DiMario RJ, Koteyeva N, Cousins AB. Mesophyll conductance response to short-term changes in pCO 2 is related to leaf anatomy and biochemistry in diverse C 4 grasses. New Phytol 2022; 236:1281-1295. [PMID: 35959528 PMCID: PMC9825963 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mesophyll CO2 conductance (gm ) in C3 species responds to short-term (minutes) changes in environment potentially due to changes in leaf anatomical and biochemical properties and measurement artefacts. Compared with C3 species, there is less information on gm responses to short-term changes in environmental conditions such as partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2 ) across diverse C4 species and the potential determinants of these responses. Using 16 C4 grasses we investigated the response of gm to short-term changes in pCO2 and its relationship with leaf anatomy and biochemistry. In general, gm increased as pCO2 decreased (statistically significant increase in 12 species), with percentage increases in gm ranging from +13% to +250%. Greater increase in gm at low pCO2 was observed in species exhibiting relatively thinner mesophyll cell walls along with greater mesophyll surface area exposed to intercellular air spaces, leaf N, photosynthetic capacity and activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and Rubisco. Species with greater CO2 responses of gm were also able to maintain their leaf water-use efficiencies (TEi ) under low CO2 . Our study advances understanding of CO2 response of gm in diverse C4 species, identifies the key leaf traits related to this response and has implications for improving C4 photosynthetic models and TEi through modification of gm .
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha S. Pathare
- School of Biological SciencesWashington State UniversityPullmanWA99164‐4236USA
| | - Robert J. DiMario
- School of Biological SciencesWashington State UniversityPullmanWA99164‐4236USA
| | - Nuria Koteyeva
- School of Biological SciencesWashington State UniversityPullmanWA99164‐4236USA
- Laboratory of Anatomy and MorphologyV.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences197376St PetersburgRussia
| | - Asaph B. Cousins
- School of Biological SciencesWashington State UniversityPullmanWA99164‐4236USA
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Zhang L, Smertenko T, Fahy D, Koteyeva N, Moroz N, Kuchařová A, Novák D, Manoilov E, Smertenko P, Galva C, Šamaj J, Kostyukova AS, Sedbrook JC, Smertenko A. Analysis of formin functions during cytokinesis using specific inhibitor SMIFH2. Plant Physiol 2021; 186:945-963. [PMID: 33620500 PMCID: PMC8195507 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The phragmoplast separates daughter cells during cytokinesis by constructing the cell plate, which depends on interaction between cytoskeleton and membrane compartments. Proteins responsible for these interactions remain unknown, but formins can link cytoskeleton with membranes and several members of formin protein family localize to the cell plate. Progress in functional characterization of formins in cytokinesis is hindered by functional redundancies within the large formin gene family. We addressed this limitation by employing Small Molecular Inhibitor of Formin Homology 2 (SMIFH2), a small-molecule inhibitor of formins. Treatment of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) tissue culture cells with SMIFH2 perturbed localization of actin at the cell plate; slowed down both microtubule polymerization and phragmoplast expansion; diminished association of dynamin-related proteins with the cell plate independently of actin and microtubules; and caused cell plate swelling. Another impact of SMIFH2 was shortening of the END BINDING1b (EB1b) and EB1c comets on the growing microtubule plus ends in N. tabacum tissue culture cells and Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledon epidermis cells. The shape of the EB1 comets in the SMIFH2-treated cells resembled that of the knockdown mutant of plant Xenopus Microtubule-Associated protein of 215 kDa (XMAP215) homolog MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION 1/GEMINI 1 (MOR1/GEM1). This outcome suggests that formins promote elongation of tubulin flares on the growing plus ends. Formins AtFH1 (A. thaliana Formin Homology 1) and AtFH8 can also interact with EB1. Besides cytokinesis, formins function in the mitotic spindle assembly and metaphase to anaphase transition. Our data suggest that during cytokinesis formins function in: (1) promoting microtubule polymerization; (2) nucleating F-actin at the cell plate; (3) retaining dynamin-related proteins at the cell plate; and (4) remodeling of the cell plate membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laining Zhang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Tetyana Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Deirdre Fahy
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Nuria Koteyeva
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Natalia Moroz
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Anna Kuchařová
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Novák
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eduard Manoilov
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Petro Smertenko
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Charitha Galva
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alla S. Kostyukova
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - John C. Sedbrook
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrei Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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Pathare VS, Koteyeva N, Cousins AB. Increased adaxial stomatal density is associated with greater mesophyll surface area exposed to intercellular air spaces and mesophyll conductance in diverse C 4 grasses. New Phytol 2020; 225:169-182. [PMID: 31400232 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesophyll conductance (gm ) is the diffusion of CO2 from intercellular air spaces (IAS) to the first site of carboxylation in the mesophyll cells. In C3 species, gm is influenced by diverse leaf structural and anatomical traits; however, little is known about traits affecting gm in C4 species. To address this knowledge gap, we used online oxygen isotope discrimination measurements to estimate gm and microscopy techniques to measure leaf structural and anatomical traits potentially related to gm in 18 C4 grasses. In this study, gm scaled positively with photosynthesis and intrinsic water-use efficiency (TEi ), but not with stomatal conductance. Also, gm was not determined by a single trait but was positively correlated with adaxial stomatal densities (SDada ), stomatal ratio (SR), mesophyll surface area exposed to IAS (Smes ) and leaf thickness. However, gm was not related to abaxial stomatal densities (SDaba ) and mesophyll cell wall thickness (TCW ). Our study suggests that greater SDada and SR increased gm by increasing Smes and creating additional parallel pathways for CO2 diffusion inside mesophyll cells. Thus, SDada , SR and Smes are important determinants of C4 -gm and could be the target traits selected or modified for achieving greater gm and TEi in C4 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha S Pathare
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
| | - Nuria Koteyeva
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Asaph B Cousins
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
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Schüssler C, Freitag H, Koteyeva N, Schmidt D, Edwards G, Voznesenskaya E, Kadereit G. Molecular phylogeny and forms of photosynthesis in tribe Salsoleae (Chenopodiaceae). J Exp Bot 2017; 68:207-223. [PMID: 28003310 PMCID: PMC5853613 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
While many C4 lineages have Kranz anatomy around individual veins, Salsoleae have evolved the Salsoloid Kranz anatomy where a continuous dual layer of chlorenchyma cells encloses the vascular and water-storage tissue. With the aim of elucidating the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in Salsoleae, a broadly sampled molecular phylogeny and anatomical survey was conducted, together with biochemical, microscopic, and physiological analyses of selected photosynthetic types. From analyses of photosynthetic phenotypes, a model for evolution of this form of C4 was compared with models for evolution of Kranz anatomy around individual veins. A functionally C3 proto-Kranz phenotype (Proto-Kranz Sympegmoid) and intermediates with a photorespiratory pump (Kranz-like Sympegmoid and Kranz-like Salsoloid types) are considered crucial transitional steps towards C4 development. The molecular phylogeny provides evidence for C3 being the ancestral photosynthetic pathway but there is no phylogenetic evidence for the ancestry of C3-C4 intermediacy with respect to C4 in Salsoleae. Traits considered advantageous in arid conditions, such as annual life form, central sclerenchyma in leaves, and reduction of surface area, evolved repeatedly in Salsoleae. The recurrent evolution of a green stem cortex taking over photosynthesis in C4 clades of Salsoleae concurrent with leaf reduction was probably favoured by the higher productivity of the C4 cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schüssler
- Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Biodiversity and Plant Systematics, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Freitag
- Institut für Biologie, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Nuria Koteyeva
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Street 2, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Denise Schmidt
- Institute für Allgemeine und Spezielle Botanik und Botanischer Garten der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerald Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Elena Voznesenskaya
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Street 2, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Gudrun Kadereit
- Institute für Allgemeine und Spezielle Botanik und Botanischer Garten der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Giuliani R, Koteyeva N, Voznesenskaya E, Evans MA, Cousins AB, Edwards GE. Coordination of Leaf Photosynthesis, Transpiration, and Structural Traits in Rice and Wild Relatives (Genus Oryza). Plant Physiol 2013; 162:1632-51. [PMID: 23669746 PMCID: PMC3707562 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.217497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The genus Oryza, which includes rice (Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima) and wild relatives, is a useful genus to study leaf properties in order to identify structural features that control CO(2) access to chloroplasts, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, and drought tolerance. Traits, 26 structural and 17 functional, associated with photosynthesis and transpiration were quantified on 24 accessions (representatives of 17 species and eight genomes). Hypotheses of associations within, and between, structure, photosynthesis, and transpiration were tested. Two main clusters of positively interrelated leaf traits were identified: in the first cluster were structural features, leaf thickness (Thick(leaf)), mesophyll (M) cell surface area exposed to intercellular air space per unit of leaf surface area (S(mes)), and M cell size; a second group included functional traits, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, M conductance to CO(2) diffusion (g(m)), stomatal conductance to gas diffusion (g(s)), and the g(m)/g(s) ratio.While net photosynthetic rate was positively correlated with gm, neither was significantly linked with any individual structural traits. The results suggest that changes in gm depend on covariations of multiple leaf (S(mes)) and M cell (including cell wall thickness) structural traits. There was an inverse relationship between Thick(leaf) and transpiration rate and a significant positive association between Thick(leaf) and leaf transpiration efficiency. Interestingly, high g(m) together with high g(m)/g(s) and a low S(mes)/g(m) ratio (M resistance to CO(2) diffusion per unit of cell surface area exposed to intercellular air space) appear to be ideal for supporting leaf photosynthesis while preserving water; in addition, thick M cell walls may be beneficial for plant drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Giuliani
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–4236 (R.G., A.B.C., G.E.E.)
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia (N.K., E.V.); and
- Department of Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–3113 (M.A.E.)
| | - Nuria Koteyeva
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–4236 (R.G., A.B.C., G.E.E.)
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia (N.K., E.V.); and
- Department of Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–3113 (M.A.E.)
| | - Elena Voznesenskaya
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–4236 (R.G., A.B.C., G.E.E.)
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia (N.K., E.V.); and
- Department of Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–3113 (M.A.E.)
| | - Marc A. Evans
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–4236 (R.G., A.B.C., G.E.E.)
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia (N.K., E.V.); and
- Department of Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–3113 (M.A.E.)
| | - Asaph B. Cousins
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–4236 (R.G., A.B.C., G.E.E.)
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Morphology, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia (N.K., E.V.); and
- Department of Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164–3113 (M.A.E.)
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