1
|
Groves K, Ashcroft AE, Cryar A, Sula A, Wallace BA, Stocks BB, Burns C, Cooper-Shepherd D, De Lorenzi E, Rodriguez E, Zhang H, Ault JR, Ferguson J, Phillips JJ, Pacholarz K, Thalassinos K, Luckau L, Ashton L, Durrant O, Barran P, Dalby P, Vicedo P, Colombo R, Davis R, Parakra R, Upton R, Hill S, Wood V, Soloviev Z, Quaglia M. Reference Protocol to Assess Analytical Performance of Higher Order Structural Analysis Measurements: Results from an Interlaboratory Comparison. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9041-9048. [PMID: 34165299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Measurements of protein higher order structure (HOS) provide important information on stability, potency, efficacy, immunogenicity, and biosimilarity of biopharmaceuticals, with a significant number of techniques and methods available to perform these measurements. The comparison of the analytical performance of HOS methods and the standardization of the results is, however, not a trivial task, due to the lack of reference protocols and reference measurement procedures. Here, we developed a protocol to structurally alter and compare samples of somatropin, a recombinant biotherapeutic, and describe the results obtained by using a number of techniques, methods and in different laboratories. This, with the final aim to provide tools and generate a pool of data to compare and benchmark analytical platforms and define method sensitivity to structural changes. Changes in somatropin HOS, induced by the presence of zinc at increasing concentrations, were observed, both globally and at more localized resolution, across many of the methods utilized in this study and with different sensitivities, suggesting the suitability of the protocol to improve understanding of inter- and cross-platform measurement comparability and assess analytical performance as appropriate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Groves
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC Ltd. Queens Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LY, U.K
| | - A E Ashcroft
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology & School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - A Cryar
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC Ltd. Queens Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LY, U.K
| | - A Sula
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, U.K
| | - B A Wallace
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, U.K
| | - B B Stocks
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - C Burns
- Biotherapeutics Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, U.K
| | - D Cooper-Shepherd
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC Ltd. Queens Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LY, U.K
| | - E De Lorenzi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - E Rodriguez
- UCB Celltech, 216 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire SL1 3WE, U.K
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - J R Ault
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology & School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - J Ferguson
- Biotherapeutics Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, U.K
| | - J J Phillips
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, , U.K
| | - K Pacholarz
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - K Thalassinos
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6AR, U.K
| | - L Luckau
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC Ltd. Queens Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LY, U.K
| | - L Ashton
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, U.K
| | - O Durrant
- UCB Celltech, 216 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire SL1 3WE, U.K
| | - P Barran
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - P Dalby
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - P Vicedo
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - R Colombo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - R Davis
- UCB Celltech, 216 Bath Road, Slough, Berkshire SL1 3WE, U.K
| | - R Parakra
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, , U.K
| | - R Upton
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - S Hill
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC Ltd. Queens Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LY, U.K
| | - V Wood
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Z Soloviev
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6AR, U.K
| | - M Quaglia
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC Ltd. Queens Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LY, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
This review considers whether research shows a process of spiritual change or development associated with ageing. Spirituality was understood as that which is central to a sense of meaning and purpose in an individual's life and pertains to the sacred or transcendent. Electronic literature searches were conducted to find research published 1985-2003 aimed at understanding spiritual change, themes and tasks in later life. A total of 13 studies were reviewed that looked at changes in spirituality over time, spiritual themes and tasks in a lifespan development context and Tornstam's (Torstam, L. (1996). Gerotranscendence--a theory about maturing into old age. Journal of Aging & Identity, 1, 37-50) theory of gerotranscendence. The research reviewed suggested that some aspects of spirituality remain stable into old age but that there are identifiable spiritual tasks, needs and changes associated with ageing. Some common spiritual themes identified across the research were integrity, humanistic concern, changing relationships with others and concern for younger generations, relationship with a transcendent being or power, self transcendence, and coming to terms with death. These were not related to age per se, but to some of the challenges that age presents, and were mediated by cultural factors and individual differences. The findings and their limitations were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Dalby
- East Sussex County Healthcare NHS Trust, Eastbourne.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
D'Angelo R, Philip B, Gan TJ, Kovac A, Hantler C, Doblar D, Melson T, Minkowitz H, Dalby P, Coop A. A randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging, pilot study of intravenous granisetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy 1. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2005; 22:774-9. [PMID: 16211739 DOI: 10.1017/s0265021505001286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent and unpleasant experience that may increase postoperative complications and costs. For surgical procedures with a high risk of PONV, prevention is preferable to treatment. In this study, the authors explore the dose-response relationship between granisetron administered just prior to the end of surgery and post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study of post-operative nausea and vomiting prevention. Patients undergoing elective open abdominal hysterectomy requiring general anaesthesia received a single dose of granisetron 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 mg or placebo administered approximately 15 min prior to the end of surgery. The primary efficacy end-point was the proportion of patients with no vomiting in the 0--6 h interval following medication administration. No inferential statistics were planned. RESULTS The proportion of patients with no vomiting episode in the 0--6 h interval after administration of study medication was higher in each granisetron treatment group (>90%) than in the placebo group (77%). Proportions of patients with no vomiting episodes in the 0--24 h interval were similar across treatment groups. Results of analyses of proportions of patients with no moderate or severe nausea episodes, proportions of those requiring rescue medication and times to first use of rescue medication suggested a treatment effect of granisetron relative to placebo in both the 0--6 and 0--24 h intervals. Similar proportions of patients in each treatment group reported at least one adverse event. CONCLUSIONS Granisetron at doses of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg administered just prior to the end of surgery suggested a trend of improved efficacy compared to placebo in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 6 h after abdominal hysterectomy. This pilot study did not identify a dose-response relationship.
Collapse
|