Over-expression of Caj1, a plasma membrane associated J-domain protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, stabilizes amino acid permeases

Hsp70: J-domain protein (JDP) machines, along with the cellular protein degradation systems play a central role in regulating cellular proteostasis. An equally robust surveillance system operates at the plasma membrane too that affects proper sorting, stability as well as the turnover of membrane proteins. Although plausible, a definitive role of the Hsp70: JDP machine in regulating the stability of plasma membrane proteins is not well understood in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we show that a moderate over-expression of Caj1, one of the thirteen JDPs residing in the nucleo-cytosolic compartment of S. cerevisiae reduced the cold sensitivity of tryptophan auxotrophic yeast cells by stabilizing tryptophan permeases, Tat1 and Tat2 in a J-domain dependent manner. Concomitantly, higher Caj1 levels also caused slow growth and increased plasma membrane damage at elevated temperatures possibly due to the stabilization of thermolabile plasma membrane proteins. Finally, we show that although majorly cytosolic, Caj1 also co-localizes with the membrane dye FM4-64 at the cellular periphery suggesting that Caj1 might interact with the plasma membrane. Based on the results presented in this study, we implicate the Hsp70: Caj1 chaperone machine in regulating the stability or turnover of plasma membrane proteins in budding yeast.