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Polzin A, Dannenberg L, Schroeder N, Benkhoff M, Vogt J, Keul P, Weske S, Sarabhai T, Zeus T, Mueller T, Wolnitzke P, Graele M, Roden M, Kelm M, Levkau B. Impaired Cardioprotection by HDL in CAD and Diabetes in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: role of S1P and SR-BI. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
HDL dysfunction rather than HDL-cholesterol concentration is involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and type-2 diabetes (T2DM). While causes and consequences of HDL dysfunction are manifold, reduced concentrations of HDL-sphingosine-1-phsophate (S1P) are partially responsible for impaired vasodilation and suppression of inflammation by CAD-HDL. Administration of healthy human HDL prior to coronary ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in mice reduced infarct size (IS) due to HDL-S1P. The role of major HDL receptor SR-BI is unexplored in this context.
Purpose
In this study, we, a) investigated the cardioprotective properties of healthy versus CAD-HDL and T2DM-HDL in a murine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), b) tested the effect of S1P loading of CAD-HDL in cardioprotection, and c) detected the relevant HDL receptor of this cardioprotection.
Methods
HDL were isolated from plasma of healthy volunteers, CAD, and T2DM patients by density ultra-centrifugation and injected (43 mg HDL protein/KG) in the tail vein of C57Bl/6J mice 5 minutes prior to 30 minutes of ischemia. Cardiac function was assessed after 24 hours of reperfusion by echocardiography. IS was analyzed by TTC staining and S1P concentration measured by LC-MS/MS, respectively.
Results
Administration of human healthy HDL reduced IS by 23% and increased ejection fraction (EF) by 22% 24 hours after I/R (IS: Control 43.8±6.9% [n=17] vs. healthy HDL 32.9±3.6% [n=9]; EF: Control 34.5±5.7% vs. healthy HDL 41.9±4.1%). In contrast, CAD-HDL in the same dosage had no protective effect (IS: 40.1±5.7% [n=12]; EF: 31.9±8.4%). As HDL-S1P concentrations were 33% lower in CAD-HDL compared to healthy HDL, we tested whether S1P-loading may correct CAD-HDL's defective cardioprotection. Indeed, S1P-loading (38 μg S1P/kg in 43 mg HDL protein/KG) completely restored CAD-HDL cardioprotection to levels achieved by healthy HDL. S1P-loading of healthy HDL had no additional benefit. Administration of T2DM-HDL prior to I/R led to 28% larger IS and 22% worse EF compared to healthy HDL (IS: healthy HDL 33.0±4.3% [n=6] vs. T2DM-HDL 42.4±8.9% [n=13]; EF: healthy HDL 38.5±5.8% [n=6] vs. T2DM-HDL 33.1±.4.0%). Compared to healthy HDL, T2DM-HDL exhibited a 19% decrease in S1P content. We thus tested whether the major HDL receptor SR-BI is involved in HDL-S1P mediated cardioprotection using global SR-BI deficient mice (Scarb1−/−). Remarkably, cardioprotection by HDL administration was completely absent in Scarb1−/− mice but intact in wild type controls. (IS Scarb1++: Vehicle 38.6±8.3% [n=12] vs. HDL 29.9±8.5% [n=11], Scarb1−/−: Vehicle 31.4±5.6% [n=12] vs. HDL 31.1±6.9% [n=17])
Conclusion
We have identified: (a) impaired cardioprotection after I/R as new characteristic of HDL dysfunction in CAD and T2DM; (b) low HDL-S1P as its cause and the possibility of its therapeutic correction by S1P loading, and (c) SR-BI as the HDL receptor responsible for HDL-S1P-mediated cardioprotection.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Polzin
- Heinrich Heine University, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - L Dannenberg
- Heinrich Heine University, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - N Schroeder
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute of Molecular Medicine III , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - M Benkhoff
- Heinrich Heine University, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - J Vogt
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute of Molecular Medicine III , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - P Keul
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute of Molecular Medicine III , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - S Weske
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute of Molecular Medicine III , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - T Sarabhai
- Heinrich Heine University, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - T Zeus
- Heinrich Heine University, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - T Mueller
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care , Jena , Germany
| | - P Wolnitzke
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute of Molecular Medicine III , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - M Graele
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care , Jena , Germany
| | - M Roden
- Heinrich Heine University, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - M Kelm
- Heinrich Heine University, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - B Levkau
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute of Molecular Medicine III , Duesseldorf , Germany
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