Applying FAIR Principles to Plant Phenotypic Data Management in GnpIS

GnpIS is a data repository for plant phenomics that stores whole field and greenhouse experimental data including environment measures. It allows long-term access to datasets following the FAIR principles: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable, by using a flexible and original approach. It is based on a generic and ontology driven data model and an innovative software architecture that uncouples data integration, storage, and querying. It takes advantage of international standards including the Crop Ontology, MIAPPE, and the Breeding API. GnpIS allows handling data for a wide range of species and experiment types, including multiannual perennial plants experimental network or annual plant trials with either raw data, i.e., direct measures, or computed traits. It also ensures the integration and the interoperability among phenotyping datasets and with genotyping data. This is achieved through a careful curation and annotation of the key resources conducted in close collaboration with the communities providing data. Our repository follows the Open Science data publication principles by ensuring citability of each dataset. Finally, GnpIS compliance with international standards enables its interoperability with other data repositories hence allowing data links between phenotype and other data types. GnpIS can therefore contribute to emerging international federations of information systems.

Heritable variation in the ability to produce haploid embryos via pollination with maize and embryo rescue in durum wheat

Pollination with maize is commonly used to produce fertile doubled haploid plants in durum wheat. However, the genetic basis for the ability of parental lines to produce haploid seedlings is not well documented. A maximum likelihood procedure was used to analyse the response of 15 F1, from a half diallel design involving six inbred lines, and to document rigorously the existence of heritable variation for haploid embryo production. Cross-effects and "general combining abilities" (GCA) were computed to estimate the ability to produce swollen ovaries and viable embryos. On average, the ovary swelling production was 56% and 11% of emasculated flowers produced a viable embryo. For both variables, cross-effect was significant. Based on GCA estimations, the 6 parental lines could be distributed in 3 different groups. The GCA values explained respectively 69% and 79% of the cross-effect for each variable. On the whole, ovary swelling was a poor predictor of embryo formation. No significant correlation was found between the per se values of the 6 parental lines and their GCA.Key words: Triticum durum, haploid, general combining ability.