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Morlighem M, Williams CN, Rignot E, An L, Arndt JE, Bamber JL, Catania G, Chauché N, Dowdeswell JA, Dorschel B, Fenty I, Hogan K, Howat I, Hubbard A, Jakobsson M, Jordan TM, Kjeldsen KK, Millan R, Mayer L, Mouginot J, Noël BPY, O'Cofaigh C, Palmer S, Rysgaard S, Seroussi H, Siegert MJ, Slabon P, Straneo F, van den Broeke MR, Weinrebe W, Wood M, Zinglersen KB. BedMachine v3: Complete Bed Topography and Ocean Bathymetry Mapping of Greenland From Multibeam Echo Sounding Combined With Mass Conservation. Geophys Res Lett 2017; 44:11051-11061. [PMID: 29263561 PMCID: PMC5726375 DOI: 10.1002/2017gl074954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Greenland's bed topography is a primary control on ice flow, grounding line migration, calving dynamics, and subglacial drainage. Moreover, fjord bathymetry regulates the penetration of warm Atlantic water (AW) that rapidly melts and undercuts Greenland's marine-terminating glaciers. Here we present a new compilation of Greenland bed topography that assimilates seafloor bathymetry and ice thickness data through a mass conservation approach. A new 150 m horizontal resolution bed topography/bathymetric map of Greenland is constructed with seamless transitions at the ice/ocean interface, yielding major improvements over previous data sets, particularly in the marine-terminating sectors of northwest and southeast Greenland. Our map reveals that the total sea level potential of the Greenland ice sheet is 7.42 ± 0.05 m, which is 7 cm greater than previous estimates. Furthermore, it explains recent calving front response of numerous outlet glaciers and reveals new pathways by which AW can access glaciers with marine-based basins, thereby highlighting sectors of Greenland that are most vulnerable to future oceanic forcing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Morlighem
- Department of Earth System ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - C. N. Williams
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Now at British Geological SurveyNottinghamUK
| | - E. Rignot
- Department of Earth System ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - L. An
- Department of Earth System ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - J. E. Arndt
- Alfred‐Wegener‐Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany
| | - J. L. Bamber
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - G. Catania
- Institute of GeophysicsUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA
| | - N. Chauché
- Department of Geography and Earth ScienceAberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
| | - J. A. Dowdeswell
- Scott Polar Research InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - B. Dorschel
- Alfred‐Wegener‐Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany
| | - I. Fenty
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - K. Hogan
- British Antarctic SurveyNatural Environment Research CouncilCambridgeUK
| | - I. Howat
- Byrd Polar and Climate Research CenterOhio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - A. Hubbard
- Department of Geography and Earth ScienceAberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
- Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of GeosciencesUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - M. Jakobsson
- Department of Geology and GeochemistryStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - T. M. Jordan
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - K. K. Kjeldsen
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of DenmarkUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Department of Geodesy, DTU Space, National Space InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - R. Millan
- Department of Earth System ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - L. Mayer
- Center for Coastal and Ocean MappingUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA
| | - J. Mouginot
- Department of Earth System ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
| | - B. P. Y. Noël
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - C. O'Cofaigh
- Department of GeographyDurham UniversityDurhamUK
| | - S. Palmer
- College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - S. Rysgaard
- Centre for Earth Observation Science, Department of Environment and GeographyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Greenland Institute of Natural ResourcesNuukGreenland
- Arctic Research CentreAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - H. Seroussi
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - M. J. Siegert
- Grantham Institute and Department of Earth Science and EngineeringImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - P. Slabon
- Alfred‐Wegener‐Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany
| | - F. Straneo
- Department of Physical OceanographyWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods HoleMAUSA
| | - M. R. van den Broeke
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - W. Weinrebe
- Alfred‐Wegener‐Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany
| | - M. Wood
- Department of Earth System ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
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