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Microstructural Origins of the Corrosion Resistance of a Mg-Y-Nd-Zr Alloy Processed by Powder Bed Fusion – Laser Beam. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:917812. [PMID: 35845389 PMCID: PMC9286516 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.917812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are biocompatible, biodegradable and have the ability to promote bone ingrowth, making them ideal candidate materials for replacing auto- and allografts in future treatments of large bone defects. Powder bed fusion–laser beam (PBF-LB) additive manufacturing of these alloys would further allow for the production of complex structures, optimized for bone grafting. However, the corrosion rates of structures processed by PBF-LB remain too high. An improved understanding of the influence of the microstructure generated during PBF-LB on the corrosion properties is considered key to their future implementation in implants. In this study, the effect of PBF-LB processing and subsequent hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on the microstructure and texture in different sample directions was studied and related to the corrosion behavior of a Mg-Y-Nd-Zr alloy. The results were compared with an extruded Mg-Y-Nd-Zr alloy. A higher amount of secondary phases resulted in a higher rate of localized corrosion for the PBF-LB processed material compared to that for the extruded one. Due to growth of the secondary phases, the corrosion rate was further increased after HIP. Moreover, a strong texture was observed in the PBF-LB material, and it was also enhanced in the HIP material. While this affected the electrochemical activity as measured by potentiodynamic polarization tests, any texture effect appeared to be masked by the contribution of the secondary phases in the longer-term mass change and hydrogen evolution tests. Future work should look further into the influence of individual process parameters on the microstructure and the resulting corrosion behavior of the material, to further clarify its interdependence.
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Negative impact of humidity on the flowability of steel powders. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2021.1995091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3
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Release of Side-Chain Fluorinated Polymer-Containing Microplastic Fibers from Functional Textiles During Washing and First Estimates of Perfluoroalkyl Acid Emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:14329-14338. [PMID: 31697071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The quantity and composition of fibers released from functional textiles during accelerated washing were investigated using the GyroWash method. Two fabrics [polyamide (PA) and polyester/cotton (PES/CO)] were selected and coated with perfluorohexane-based side-chain fluorinated polymers. Fibers released during washing ranged from ∼10 to 500 μ with a similar distribution for the two textile types. The PA-based fabric released considerably more fibers >20 μm in length compared to the PES/CO-based fabric (>1000/GyroWash for PA vs ∼200/GyroWash fibers for PES/CO). After one GyroWash (2-15 domestic washes), fibers that contained approximately 240 and 1300 μg total fluorine per square meter (μg F/m2) were released from the PA and PES/CO fabrics, respectively. Current understanding of the fate of microplastic fibers suggests that a large fraction of these fibers reach the environment either in effluent wastewater or sewage sludge applied to land. In the environment, the fluorinated side chains will be slowly cleaved from the backbone of the side-chain fluorinated polymers coated on the fibers and then transformed into short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids. On the European scale, emissions of up to ∼0.7 t of fluorotelomer alcohol (6:2 FTOH) per year were estimated for outdoor rain jackets treated with fluorotelomer-based side-chain fluorinated polymers.
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Influence of Reaction Atmosphere (H2O, N2, H2, CO2, CO) on Fluidized-Bed Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass Using Detailed Tar Vapor Chemistry in Computational Fluid Dynamics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Comprehensive Secondary Pyrolysis in Fluidized-bed Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass, a Fluid Dynamics Based Modelling Effort. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Simulation of Bed Dynamics and Primary Products from Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: Steam Compared to Nitrogen as a Fluidizing Agent. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie501996v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Über die Grenzen der angiographischen Diagnostik parenchymatöser Nierentumoren*. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1228511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Ergebnisse der Beckenangiographie bei Blasenkarzinomen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1228033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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10
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[Results of percutaneous radiotherapy of localized prostatic carcinoma (author's transl)]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1980; 105:365-8. [PMID: 7363774 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1070667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Analysing preliminary results of percutaneous radiotherapy on 79 patients with localized prostatic carcinoma, the uncorrected five-year survival rate of all patients was 67.3%, that in stage O, A and B 89.5% and that of patients in stage C and D 64.5%. The tumour-free five-year survival rate of all patients was 50.2%. In three patients there was a recurrence (4%), in four others severe side-effects (5%). There were no fatal complications. Radiotherapy can be considered to be an alternative to operation even when the tumour is limited to the prostate.
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11
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[Epidemiology of a case of poliomyelitis]. LAKARTIDNINGEN 1979; 76:30-4. [PMID: 216861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Abstract
A new flexible silicone ureteral prosthesis has been developed and implanted by a new technique in 20 miniature pigs. The improved implantation technique and the results are described. All prostheses remained firmly attached in their position and drained the upper urine collecting system adequately during an observation period up to 12 mos. Leakage, incrustation, dislocation or rejection did not occur. The promising results encouraged us to continue our investigations to get long term experience for clinical trial in human patients for whom nephrostomy is the alternative.
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Epidemiological events surrounding a paralytic case of poliomyelitis in Sweden. Bull World Health Organ 1979; 57:99-103. [PMID: 218746 PMCID: PMC2395749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of clinical poliomyelitis occurred in Sweden in January 1977; it was the first indigenous case in Sweden since 1962. This incident was of particular interest as it provided an opportunity to study the spread of virus in a cluster of unvaccinated persons and in individuals more or less fully vaccinated with inactivated vaccine. The patient excreted wild type 2 virus and the same type was isolated from 25 other individuals, all of whom were close contacts of virus excretors. Among the close contacts, 14 of 20 unvaccinated preschool children were found to excrete virus, but excretion was not found in any of the 7 vaccinated children examined.
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[Value of lymphography in teratoid testicular tumors (author's transl)]. Radiologe 1978; 18:76-9. [PMID: 635169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In 72 patients with malignant testicular tumors lymphograms were reviewed and correlated with the microscopic findings of the resected lymphnodes. In 55 patients (76%) the roentgenographic diagnosis was confirmed by histology. In 6 patients lymphography was false positive as microscopic examination of the resected lymphnodes showed. In 4 patients lymphography was considered negative but metastatic disease proven microscopically from retroperitoneal lymphnodes. Out of 7 patients with questionable positive lymphograms 2 had retroperitoneal metastases confirmed by microscopic examination. The limits, errors and value of lymphography in patients with testicular tumors are discussed.
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16
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[Tasks of pediatric urology]. MEDIZINISCHE KLINIK 1977; 72:1455-9. [PMID: 20562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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[Urinary calculi in children (author's transl)]. Urologe A 1977; 16:279-82. [PMID: 906190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
From a total of 274 children with urinary calculi, 192 cases were analyzed. 63% of these were male. In 19% a familiar disposition was noticed. Phosphate containing stones were found in 81%. Most of these had an urinary tract infection caused by urea splitting organisms. There was no correlation between the chemical composition of the stones and infection with coli and enterococci. One-third of the analyzed cases exhibited malformations of the urinary tract. Of these, 92% had urinary infections due primarily to urea splitting bacteria. This infection rate was markedly higher than in the children without combined malformations of the urinary tract. The peak incidence was around 2 years of age. In the last group symptoms were atypical but more severe than in those cases without malformations of the urinary tract.
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18
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[Instrumental urological diagnostic procedures in infancy and childhood (author's transl)]. Radiologe 1977; 17:332-3. [PMID: 897146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Instrumental investigations with catheters, bougies and endoscopes are important to diagnose urological diseases in children. Possiblities of the instrumental procedures and the value of endoscopy in the diagnosis of vesico-ureteral reflux are demonstrated.
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19
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[Benign and malignant tumors of the prostate (author's transl)]. Radiologe 1977; 17:230-8. [PMID: 70043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of the prostate and benign prostatic adenoma are discussed. In prostatic adenoma the treatment of choice is either open surgery or transurethral resection. Conservative medical treatment has not been successful. The decision between radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, or hormonal treatment in prostatic carcinoma depends on the staging results of the disease including-if necessary-diagnostic lymphadenectomy.
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20
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[Ureteroureterostomies: indications and results (author's transl)]. Urologe A 1977; 16:163-7. [PMID: 141760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen unilateral ureteroureterostomies and twenty-five transureteroureterostomies (TUU) were performed since 1968. In 22 of these, a transureteroureterocutaneostomy (TUUC) was done. Indications, operative procedures, results and complications are discussed. No complications due to the anastomosis were found. In six cases stenosis of the ureterocutaneostomy was demonstrated which, in four instances, made another form of urinary diversion necessary. Ureteroureterostomies should only be performed with well functioning kidneys and with one well preserved ureter. TUUC is recommended in cases with at least one dilated ureter.
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Results of 89strontium therapy in patients with carcinoma of the prostate and incurable pain from bone metastases: a preliminary report. J Urol 1976; 116:764-8. [PMID: 1003647 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)59002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic application of 89strontium for the relief of pain in 11 cases of carcinoma of the prostate with skeletal metastases is reported. A significant clinical improvement could be observed in 8 of the 11 patients with generalized osseous metastases of prostatic carcinoma after the application of 30 muCi. 89strontium per kg. The effect was long lasting. At the same time an increase of alkaline phosphatase was observed, which was interpreted as an indication of the reactivation of osteoblasts and osteoid peripheral zones owing to beta-emission of the radioisotope in the affected areas. The indications for such therapy are discussed.
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22
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[Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder in childhood. Report of five own cases]. Urologe A 1976; 15:246-50. [PMID: 973279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Malignant lesions of the bladder in infancy and early childhood arise from mesenchymal tissue. Among the mesenchymal tumors embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is more common in young children than in adults. The gross appearance of rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder is typically that of polypoid grapelike clusters of tissue, termed "sarcoma botryoides". Histologically, the lesion is consistent with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The growths originate in the submucosal layer of the trigone and the internal urethral orifice. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) of the bladder in children tends to remain within the disease. Deep extension and metastasis to regional lymph nodes and to distant sites is a relatively late occurrence. The symptoms are characteristically those of obstruction and strangury. Hematuris is uncommon. The intravenous urogram shows characteristic lobulated filling defects. Treatment of choice is almost always total cystectomy. Suprapubic cystotomy must be prohibited both as a method of drainage and as an approach for biopsy since tumors ulcerating through the abdominal wall after cystotomy and local excision have been observed. With concomitant administration of radiation therapy in selected cases and the combination of surgery with multiple drug chemotherapy, promising results have been obtained in the therapy of embryonal RMS of the bladder in children.
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23
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[Clinical picture and therapy of prostatic cancer]. DIE MEDIZINISCHE WELT 1976; 27:1051-5. [PMID: 933785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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24
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[Anastomoses of the urinary tract for treatment of duplicated ureters (author's transl)]. LANGENBECKS ARCHIV FUR CHIRURGIE 1975; 340:101-6. [PMID: 1207340 DOI: 10.1007/bf01259417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Anastomoses between the kidney pelves or the ureters are excellent operative procedures to correct duplications of the urinary tract in distinct cases. Heminephrectomy may be avoided, when only one of the ureters is affected and the parenchyma of both portions of the kidney is intact. Indications are megalureter, recurrent refluxes, ureteroceles and ectopic ureteral orifice. The operative technic used in 13 cases is described. Advantages and disadvantages are discussed.
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25
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[Vesico-renal reflux. Important aspects of diagnosis and therapy]. FORTSCHRITTE DER MEDIZIN 1974; 92:1421-6. [PMID: 4435694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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[Surgical treatment of vesico-renal reflux (author's transl)]. MONATSSCHRIFT FUR KINDERHEILKUNDE 1974; 122:77-80. [PMID: 4594809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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27
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[Thio-tepa in the prevention of recurrences of papillary bladder tumors]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR UROLOGIE UND NEPHROLOGIE 1973; 66:569-72. [PMID: 4204011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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28
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[Corrosive sublimate for the disinfection of the urethral orifice?]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1973; 98:1275. [PMID: 4714518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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29
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30
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[Accessory splenic tissue in the scrotum]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR UROLOGIE UND NEPHROLOGIE 1973; 66:137-40. [PMID: 4698079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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31
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[Prostatic hypertrophy]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1972; 97:485. [PMID: 4111701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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32
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[Preventive medical check-up in males]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1971; 96:1777. [PMID: 5114595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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33
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[Significance of urinary retention for the results of anti-reflux surgery]. Urologe A 1971; 10:195-201. [PMID: 5111588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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34
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[Meatus stenosis following transurethral prostatectomy]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1971; 96:655. [PMID: 4101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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35
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[Idiopathic hematuria in children]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1971; 96:358. [PMID: 5545309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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36
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37
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[Urinary calculi in childhood]. DIE MEDIZINISCHE WELT 1970; 37:1610-6. [PMID: 5526790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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38
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[Estrogen therapy and coronary disease]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1970; 95:1462. [PMID: 5431953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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39
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[Hypospadias induced by hormone therapy?]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1970; 95:1243-4. [PMID: 5463881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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40
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[Lithotripsy using hydraulic waves in animal experiments]. Urologe A 1969; 8:99-102. [PMID: 5360141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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41
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[On the limits of angiographic diagnosis of parenchymatous kidney tumors]. FORTSCHRITTE AUF DEM GEBIETE DER RONTGENSTRAHLEN UND DER NUKLEARMEDIZIN 1968; 109:695-701. [PMID: 5751358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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42
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[Cholesterine granulomas of the epididymal and testicular tunics (a contribution to the clinical aspects of intrascrotal pseudotumours)]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR UROLOGIE UND NEPHROLOGIE 1967; 60:423-8. [PMID: 5628124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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43
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[Results of pelvic angiography in bladder carcinomas]. FORTSCHRITTE AUF DEM GEBIETE DER RONTGENSTRAHLEN UND DER NUKLEARMEDIZIN 1966; 105:802-6. [PMID: 6011959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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44
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[Angiography within the scope of x-ray diagnosis of bladder carcinomas]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR UROLOGIE UND NEPHROLOGIE 1966; 59:813-9. [PMID: 5998482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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