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Lindberg O, Li TQ, Lind C, Vestberg S, Almkvist O, Stiernstedt M, Ericson A, Bogdanovic N, Hansson O, Harper L, Westman E, Graff C, Tsevis T, Mannfolk P, Fischer H, Nilsonne G, Petrovic P, Nyberg L, Wahlund LO, Santillo AF. Altered empathy processing in frontotemporal dementia A task-based fMRI study. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.21.586051. [PMID: 38585830 PMCID: PMC10996471 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.21.586051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
A lack of empathy, and particularly its affective components, is a core symptom of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Visual exposure to images of a needle pricking a hand (pain condition) and Q-tips touching a hand (control condition) is an established functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm used to investigate empathy for pain (EFP; pain condition minus control condition). EFP has been associated with increased blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in regions known to become atrophic in the early stages in bvFTD, including the anterior insula and the anterior cingulate. We therefore hypothesized that patients with bvFTD would display altered empathy processing in the EFP paradigm. Here we examined empathy processing using the EFP paradigm in 28 patients with bvFTD and 28 sex and age matched controls. Participants underwent structural MRI, task-based and resting-state fMRI. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) was used as a measure of different facets of empathic function outside the scanner. The EFP paradigm was analysed at a whole brain level and using two regions-of-interest approaches, one based on a metanalysis of affective perceptual empathy versus cognitive evaluative empathy and one based on the controĺs activation pattern. In controls, EFP was linked to an expected increase of BOLD signal that displayed an overlap with the pattern of atrophy in the bvFTD patients (insula and anterior cingulate). Additional regions with increased signal were the supramarginal gyrus and the occipital cortex. These latter regions were the only ones that displayed increased BOLD signal in bvFTD patients. BOLD signal increase under the affective perceptual empathy but not the cognitive evaluative empathy region of interest was significantly greater in controls than in bvFTD patients. The controĺs rating on their empathic concern subscale of the IRI was significantly correlated with the BOLD signal in the EFP paradigm, as were an informantś ratings of the patientś empathic concern subscale. This correlation was not observed on other subscales of the IRI or when using the patient's self-ratings. Finally, controls and patients showed different connectivity patterns in empathy related networks during resting-state fMRI, mainly in nodes overlapping the ventral attention network. Our results indicate that reduced neural activity in regions typically affected by pathology in bvFTD is associated with reduced empathy processing, and a predictor of patientś capacity to experience affective empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof Lindberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Neo, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tie-Qiang Li
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
- Department of Medical Radiation and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lind
- Department of community medicine and rehabilitation, geriatrics Umeå university, Umeå university, Sweden
| | | | - Ove Almkvist
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Neo, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Stiernstedt
- Umeå center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Anita Ericson
- Department of community medicine and rehabilitation, geriatrics Umeå university, Umeå university, Sweden
| | - Nenad Bogdanovic
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Neo, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Luke Harper
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eric Westman
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Neo, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Caroline Graff
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Neo, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
- Karolinska university hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Theofanis Tsevis
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Neo, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
- Karolinska university hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Mannfolk
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm University Brain Imaging Centre (SUBIC), Stockholm, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Umeå center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars-Olof Wahlund
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Neo, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Alexander F Santillo
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Langensee L, Mårtensson J, Jönsen A, Zervides K, Bengtsson A, Nystedt J, Cannerfelt B, Nilsson P, Mannfolk P, Lätt J, Rumetshofer T, Sundgren PC. Cognitive performance in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. BMC Rheumatol 2022; 6:22. [PMID: 35440096 PMCID: PMC9019974 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-022-00253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has provided evidence for cognitive dysfunction as a common symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In light of this, the primary goal of this study was to investigate how cognitive impairment in this patient group develops over time. In addition, the present dataset contributes to delineating the specific abilities that are impaired in SLE patients as well as answering the question whether the disease affects the cognition of SLE patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations (NPSLE) and without (non-NPSLE) in distinct ways. Methods 91 female participants (33 NPSLE, 29 non-NPSLE, 29 healthy controls (HC)) underwent standardized neurocognitive testing. A total of ten different cognitive abilities were assessed, among others executive function, memory, and attention. Some of the participants (30 NPSLE patients, 22 non-NPSLE, 13 HC) were tested twice (mean time between testing sessions: 50 months) to enable longitudinal tracking of cognitive abilities. Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted to determine whether cognitive performance differed cross-sectionally between the groups. Linear mixed effects models were fit to investigate performance differences between the groups over time. Results Cross-sectional analysis at follow-up demonstrated that the cognitive performance of both NPSLE and non-NPSLE was significantly lower than that of HC for the motor speed and the psychomotor speed domain. Additionally, NPSLE patients performed significantly weaker than HC in the complex attention domain. At the same time, the cross-sectional data did not yield any support for performance differences between NPSLE and non-NPSLE patients. Weak positive correlations between disease duration and psychomotor speed, motor speed and reaction time emerged. A temporal progression of cognitive dysfunction in SLE patients was not confirmed. Conclusions Cognitive performance is affected in both non-NPSLE and NPSLE patients. However, a linear decline in performance over time could not be verified. More in-depth longitudinal assessments of cognition in SLE patients are needed to establish how cognitive abilities in this patient population develop over time. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41927-022-00253-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Langensee
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Mårtensson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Jönsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - K Zervides
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Nystedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - B Cannerfelt
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - P Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - P Mannfolk
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Lätt
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - T Rumetshofer
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - P C Sundgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden. .,Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden. .,Lund University BioImaging Center (LBIC), Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden.
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Svärd D, Erfurth EM, Hellerstedt R, Mannfolk P, Mårtensson J, Sundgren P, Follin C. Cognitive interference processing in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Oncol 2022; 61:333-340. [PMID: 34637675 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.1987514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with cognitive impairment in adulthood. Cognitive interference processing and its correlated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity in the brain have not yet been studied in this patient group. MATERIAL Twenty-six adult childhood ALL survivors (median [interquartile range {IQR}] age, 40.0 [37.0-42.3] years) were investigated at median age (IQR), 35.0 (32.0-37.0) years after treatment with intrathecal and intravenous chemotherapy as well as cranial radiotherapy (24 Gy) and compared with 26 matched controls (median [IQR] age, 37.5 [33.0-41.5] years). METHODS Cognitive interference processing was investigated in terms of behavioral performance (response times [ms] and accuracy performance [%]) and fMRI activity in the cingulo-fronto-parietal (CFP) attention network as well as other parts of the brain using the multisource interference task (MSIT). RESULTS ALL survivors had longer response times and reduced accuracy performance during cognitive interference processing (median [IQR] interference effect, 371.9 [314.7-453.3] ms and 6.7 [4.2-14.7]%, respectively) comparedwith controls (303.7 [275.0-376.7] ms and 2.3 [1.6-4.3]%, respectively), but did not exhibit altered fMRI activity in the CFP attention network or elsewhere in the brain. CONCLUSION Adult childhood ALL survivors demonstrated impaired behavioral performance but no altered fMRI activity when performing cognitive interference processing when compared with controls. The results can be used to better characterize this patient group and to optimize follow-up care and support for these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Svärd
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Marie Erfurth
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Robin Hellerstedt
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Mannfolk
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Mårtensson
- Department of Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pia Sundgren
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Lund University BioImaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Follin
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Svärd D, Follin C, Fjalldal S, Hellerstedt R, Mannfolk P, Mårtensson J, Sundgren P, Erfurth EM. Cognitive interference processing in adults with childhood craniopharyngioma using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Endocrine 2021; 74:714-722. [PMID: 34292485 PMCID: PMC8571203 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess cognitive interference processing in adults with childhood craniopharyngioma (CP), with and without hypothalamic injury, respectively, in terms of behavioral performance and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity, using the multi-source interference task (MSIT). METHODS Twenty-eight CP patients (median age 34.5 [29.0-39.5] years) were investigated at median 20.5 (16.3-28.8) years after treatment with surgical resection and in some cases additional radiotherapy (n = 10) and compared to 29 matched controls (median age 37.0 [32.5-42.0] years). The subjects performed the MSIT during fMRI acquisition and behavioral performance in terms of response times (ms) and accuracy performance (%) were recorded. RESULTS The MSIT activated the cingulo-fronto-parietal (CFP) attention network in both CP patients and controls. No differences were found in behavioral performance nor fMRI activity between CP patients (interference effect 333.9 [287.3-367.1] ms and 3.1 [1.6-5.6]%, respectively) and controls (309.1 [276.4-361.0] ms and 2.6 [1.6-4.9]%). No differences were found in behavioral performance nor fMRI activity between the two subgroups with (332.0 [283.6-353.4] ms and 4.2 [2.3-5.7]%, respectively) and without hypothalamic injury (355.7 [293.7-388.7] ms and 2.1 [1.0-5.2]%, respectively), respectively, and controls. CONCLUSION Adults with childhood CP performed cognitive interference processing equally well as controls and demonstrated no compensatory fMRI activity in the CFP attention network compared to controls. This was also true for the two subgroups with and without hypothalamic injury. The results can be useful to better characterize this condition, and to optimize treatment and support for these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Svärd
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Follin
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sigridur Fjalldal
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Mannfolk
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Mårtensson
- Department of Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pia Sundgren
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Lund University BioImaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Marie Erfurth
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Söderström P, Horne M, Mannfolk P, van Westen D, Roll M. Rapid syntactic pre-activation in Broca's area: Concurrent electrophysiological and haemodynamic recordings. Brain Res 2018; 1697:76-82. [PMID: 29883624 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Listeners are constantly trying to predict what the speaker will say next. We concurrently measured the electrophysiological and haemodynamic correlates of syntactic pre-activation, investigating when and where the brain processes speech melody cues to upcoming word order structure. Pre-activation of syntactic structure was reflected in a left-lateralised pre-activation negativity (PrAN), which was subserved by Broca's area in the left inferior frontal gyrus, as well as the contiguous left anterior insula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelle Söderström
- Department of Linguistics, Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University, Box 201, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Merle Horne
- Department of Linguistics, Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University, Box 201, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Peter Mannfolk
- Skane University Hospital, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Danielle van Westen
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Roll
- Department of Linguistics, Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University, Box 201, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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Nystedt J, Mannfolk P, Jönsen A, Bengtsson A, Nilsson P, Sundgren PC, Strandberg TO. Functional Connectivity Changes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Resting-State Study. Brain Connect 2018; 8:220-234. [DOI: 10.1089/brain.2017.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Nystedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund/Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö/Neurology Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Mannfolk
- Clinical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Jönsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund/Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund/Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petra Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund/Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pia C. Sundgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund/Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Centre for Imaging and Function, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tor O. Strandberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund/Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Söderström P, Horne M, Mannfolk P, van Westen D, Roll M. Tone-grammar association within words: Concurrent ERP and fMRI show rapid neural pre-activation and involvement of left inferior frontal gyrus in pseudoword processing. Brain Lang 2017; 174:119-126. [PMID: 28850882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using a concurrent ERP/fMRI paradigm, we investigated how listeners take advantage of morphologically relevant tonal information at the beginning of words to predict and pre-activate likely word endings. More predictive, low tone word stems gave rise to a 'pre-activation negativity' (PrAN) in the ERPs, a brain potential which has previously been found to increase along with the degree of predictive certainty as regards how a word is going to end. It is suggested that more predictive, low tone stems lead to rapid access to word endings with processing subserved by the left primary auditory cortex as well as the supramarginal gyrus, while high tone stems - which are less predictive - decrease predictive certainty, leading to increased competition between activated word endings, which needs to be resolved by the left inferior frontal gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelle Söderström
- Department of Linguistics, Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University, Box 201, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Merle Horne
- Department of Linguistics, Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University, Box 201, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Peter Mannfolk
- Skane University Hospital, Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Danielle van Westen
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Roll
- Department of Linguistics, Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University, Box 201, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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Strandberg M, Mannfolk P, Stenberg L, Ljung H, Rorsman I, Larsson EM, van Westen D, Källén K. A Functional MRI-Based Model for Individual Memory Assessment in Patients Eligible for Anterior Temporal Lobe Resection. Open Neuroimag J 2017; 11:1-16. [PMID: 28567171 PMCID: PMC5420180 DOI: 10.2174/1874440001711010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Title: A functional (f) MRI-based model for individual memory assessment in patients eligible for temporal lobe resection. Aim: To investigate if pre-operative fMRI memory paradigms, add predictive information with regard to post-surgical memory deficits. Methods: Fourteen pharmacoresistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) patients accepted for Anterior Temporal Lobe Resection (ATLR) were included. A clinical risk assessment score (RAS 0-3) was constructed from structural MRI, neuropsychological testing and hemisphere dominance. fMRI lateralization indices (LIs) over frontal language and medial temporal regions were calculated. Predictive value from clinical risk scoring and added value from fMRI LIs were correlated to post-surgical memory change scores (significant decline -1 SD). Verbal memory outcome was classified either as expected (RAS 2-3 and post-operative decline; RAS 0-1 and intact post-operative verbal memory) or as unexpected (RAS 2-3 and intact post-operative verbal memory post-surgery; RAS 0-1 and post-operative decline). Results: RAS for verbal memory decline exhibited a specificity of 67% and a sensitivity of 75%. Significant correlations were found between frontal language LIs and post-operative verbal memory (r = -0.802; p = 0.017) for left (L) TLE and between medial temporal lobe LIs and visuospatial memory (r = 0.829; p = 0.021), as well as verbal memory (r = 0.714; p = 0.055) for right (R) TLE. Ten patients had expected outcome and four patients had an unexpected outcome. In two MRI-negative RTLE patients that suffered significant verbal memory decline post-operatively, fMRI identified bilateral language and right lateralized medial temporal verbal encoding. In two LTLE patients with MRI pathology and verbal memory dysfunction, neither RAS nor fMRI identified the risk for aggravated verbal memory decline following ATLR. Conclusion: fMRI visualization of temporal-frontal network activation may add value to the pre-surgical work-up in epilepsy patients eligible for ATLR. Frontal language patterns are important for prediction in both L and RTLE. Strong left lateralized language in LTLE, as well as bilateral language combined with right lateralized encoding in RTLE, seems to indicate an increased risk for post-operative verbal memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Strandberg
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Mannfolk
- Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Stenberg
- Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Ljung
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ia Rorsman
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Elna-Marie Larsson
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Danielle van Westen
- Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Källén
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
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Follin C, Erfurth EM, Johansson A, Lätt J, Sundgren PC, Österberg K, Spulber G, Mannfolk P, Björkman-Burtscher IM. Impaired brain metabolism and neurocognitive function in childhood leukemia survivors despite complete hormone supplementation in adulthood. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 73:157-165. [PMID: 27498291 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.07.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cranial radiotherapy is a known risk factor for neurocognitive impairment in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Understanding the nature of cognitive dysfunction during adulthood in ALL survivors is important as it has an impact on major life situations. Thirty-eight (21 women) ALL survivors were investigated 34 years after diagnosis. Median-age was 38 (27-46) years. All were treated with a CRT dose of 24Gy and 11 years (3-13) of complete hormone supplementation. Comparisons were made to 29 matched controls. Assessments of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (white and grey matter metabolic alterations), brain volume and neuropsychological tests were performed. ALL survivors demonstrate a generally lower performance in neuropsychological tests. ALL survivors scored lower than controls in vocabulary (p<0.001), memory (p<0.001), learning capacity (p<0.001), spatial ability (p<0.001), executive functions and attention (p<0.001) 34 years after ALL treatment. Compared to controls ALL survivors had reduced white matter (WM) (492 vs 536cm3, p<0.001) and grey matter (GM) volumes (525 vs 555cm3, p=0.001). ALL survivors had lower levels of WM N-acetyl aspartate/creatin (NAA/Cr) (1.48 vs 1.63, p=0.004), WM NAA+NAAG (N-acetylaspartylglutamate)/Cr (1.61 vs 1.85, p<0.001) and lower levels of GM NAA/Cr (1.18 vs 1.30, p=0.001) and GM NAA+NAAG/Cr (1.28 vs 1.34, p=0.01) compared to controls. ALL survivors had higher levels in WM MI (Myoinositol)/NAA (0.65 vs 0.56, p=0.01) concentrations compared to controls. There was a significantly negative correlation of years since ALL diagnosis to WM NAA+NAAG/Cr (r=-0.4, p=0.04) in ALL survivors. The present study shows impaired brain metabolism detected by MRS, reduced brain volumes and neurocognitive impairment in childhood ALL survivors treated with cranial radiotherapy and chemotherapy, despite complete hormone substitution. We also report an impairment of metabolites correlated to time since treatment and a progressive impairment in sustained attention, suggesting an accelerated aging in the irradiated brain. Following these survivors many decades, or throughout life, after treatment with cranial radiotherapy and chemotherapy is highly warranted for a broader understanding of long-term outcome in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Follin
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital and IKVL, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Eva Marie Erfurth
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital and IKVL, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Aki Johansson
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jimmy Lätt
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Skåne University Hospital and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Pia C Sundgren
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Skåne University Hospital and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Kai Österberg
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gabriella Spulber
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Mannfolk
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Skåne University Hospital and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Isabella M Björkman-Burtscher
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Skåne University Hospital and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden; Lund University Bioimaging Centre (LBIC), Lund University, Sweden
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10
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Roll M, Söderström P, Mannfolk P, Shtyrov Y, Johansson M, van Westen D, Horne M. Word tones cueing morphosyntactic structure: Neuroanatomical substrates and activation time-course assessed by EEG and fMRI. Brain Lang 2015; 150:14-21. [PMID: 26291769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies distinguish between right hemisphere-dominant processing of prosodic/tonal information and left-hemispheric modulation of grammatical information as well as lexical tones. Swedish word accents offer a prime testing ground to better understand this division. Although similar to lexical tones, word accents are determined by words' morphosyntactic structure, which enables listeners to use the tone at the beginning of a word to predict its grammatical ending. We recorded electrophysiological and hemodynamic brain responses to words where stem tones matched or mismatched inflectional suffixes. Tones produced brain potential effects after 136 ms, correlating with subject variability in average BOLD in left primary auditory cortex, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus. Invalidly cued suffixes activated the left inferior parietal lobe, arguably reflecting increased processing cost of their meaning. Thus, interaction of word accent tones with grammatical morphology yielded a rapid neural response correlating in subject variability with activations in predominantly left-hemispheric brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Roll
- Department of Linguistics and Phonetics, Lund University, Sweden.
| | - Pelle Söderström
- Department of Linguistics and Phonetics, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Peter Mannfolk
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Yury Shtyrov
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | | | - Danielle van Westen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Merle Horne
- Department of Linguistics and Phonetics, Lund University, Sweden
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11
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Maripuu A, Björkman A, Björkman-Burtscher IM, Mannfolk P, Andersson G, Dahlin LB. Reconstruction of sciatic nerve after traumatic injury in humans - factors influencing outcome as related to neurobiological knowledge from animal research. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj 2012; 7:7. [PMID: 23050805 PMCID: PMC3540024 DOI: 10.1186/1749-7221-7-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim was to evaluate what can be learned from rat models when treating patients suffering from a sciatic nerve injury. Methods Two patients with traumatic sciatic nerve injury are presented with examination of motor and sensory function with a five-year follow-up. Reconstruction of the nerve injury was performed on the second and third day, respectively, after injury using sural nerve grafts taken from the injured leg. The patients were examined during follow-up by electromyography (EMG), MRI and functionalMRI (fMRI) to evaluate nerve reinnervation, cell death in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and cortical activation; factors that were related to clinical history in the patients. Results One patient regained good motor function of the lower leg and foot, confirmed by EMG showing good activation in the leg muscles and some reinnervation in the foot muscles, as well as some sensory function of the sole of the foot. The other patient regained no motor (confirmed by EMG) or sensory function in the leg or foot. Factors most influential on outcome in two cases were type of injury, nerve gap length and particularly type of reconstruction. A difference in follow-up and rehabilitation likely also influence outcome. MRI did not show any differences in DRG size of injured side compared to the uninjured side. fMRI showed normal activation in the primary somatosensory cortex as a response to cutaneous stimulation of the normal foot. However, none of the two patients showed any activation in the primary somatosensory cortex following cutaneous stimulation of the injured foot. Conclusions In decision making of nerve repair and reconstruction data from animal experiments can be translated to clinical practice and to predict outcome in patients, although such data should be interpreted with caution and linked to clinical experience. Rat models may be useful to identify and study factors that influence outcome after peripheral nerve repair and reconstruction; procedures that should be done correctly and with a competent team. However, some factors, such as cognitive capacity and coping, known to influence outcome following nerve repair, are difficult to study in animal models. Future research has to find and develop new paths and techniques to study changes in the central nervous system after nerve injury and develop strategies to utilize brain plasticity during the rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Maripuu
- Departments of Hand Surgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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12
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Mannfolk P, Nilsson M, Hansson H, Ståhlberg F, Fransson P, Weibull A, Svensson J, Wirestam R, Olsrud J. Can resting-state functional MRI serve as a complement to task-based mapping of sensorimotor function? A test-retest reliability study in healthy volunteers. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 34:511-7. [PMID: 21761469 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate if resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) reliably can serve as a complement to task-based fMRI for presurgical mapping of the sensorimotor cortex. MATERIALS AND METHODS Functional data were obtained in 10 healthy volunteers using a 3 Tesla MRI system. Each subject performed five bilateral finger tapping experiments interleaved with five resting-state experiments. Following preprocessing, data from eight volunteers were further analyzed with the general linear model (finger tapping data) and independent component analysis (rest data). Test-retest reliability estimates (hit rate and false alarm rate) for resting-state fMRI activation of the sensorimotor network were compared with the reliability estimates for task-evoked activation of the sensorimotor cortex. The reliability estimates constituted a receiver operating characteristics curve from which the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Statistical testing was performed to compare the two groups with respect to reliability. RESULTS The AUC was generally higher for the task experiments, although median AUC was not significantly different on a group level. Also, the two groups showed comparable levels of within-group variance. CONCLUSION Test-retest reliability was comparable between resting-state measurements and task-based fMRI, suggesting that presurgical mapping of functional networks can be a supplement to task-based fMRI in cases where patient status excludes task-based fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mannfolk
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Sweden.
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13
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Strandberg M, Elfgren C, Mannfolk P, Olsrud J, Stenberg L, van Westen D, Larsson EM, Rorsman I, Källén K. fMRI memory assessment in healthy subjects: a new approach to view lateralization data at an individual level. Brain Imaging Behav 2010; 5:1-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-010-9106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Mannfolk P, Wirestam R, Nilsson M, Ståhlberg F, Olsrud J. Dimensionality reduction of fMRI time series data using locally linear embedding. MAGMA 2010; 23:327-38. [PMID: 20229085 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-010-0204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data-driven methods for fMRI analysis are useful, for example, when an a priori model of signal variations is unavailable. However, activation sources are typically assumed to be linearly mixed, although non-linear properties of fMRI data, including resting-state data, have been observed. In this work, the non-linear locally linear embedding (LLE) algorithm is introduced for dimensionality reduction of fMRI time series data. MATERIALS AND METHODS LLE performance was optimised and tested using simulated and volunteer data for task-evoked responses. LLE was compared with principal component analysis (PCA) as a preprocessing step to independent component analysis (ICA). Using an example data set with known non-linear properties, LLE-ICA was compared with PCA-ICA and non-linear PCA-ICA. A resting-state data set was analysed to compare LLE-ICA and PCA-ICA with respect to identifying resting-state networks. RESULTS LLE consistently found task-related components as well as known resting-state networks, and the algorithm compared well to PCA. The non-linear example data set demonstrated that LLE, unlike PCA, can separate non-linearly modulated sources in a low-dimensional subspace. Given the same target dimensionality, LLE also performed better than non-linear PCA. CONCLUSION LLE is promising for fMRI data analysis and has potential advantages compared with PCA in terms of its ability to find non-linear relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mannfolk
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 2B, 22185, Lund, Sweden.
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15
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von Steyern FV, Kristiansson I, Jonsson K, Mannfolk P, Heinegård D, Rydholm A. Giant-cell tumour of the knee: the condition of the cartilage after treatment by curettage and cementing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 89:361-5. [PMID: 17356150 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.89b3.18604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed nine patients at a mean period of 11 years (6 to 16) after curettage and cementing of a giant-cell tumour around the knee to determine if there were any long-term adverse effects on the cartilage. Plain radiography, MRI, delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the cartilage and measurement of the serum level of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were carried out. The functional outcome was evaluated using the Lysholm knee score. Each patient was physically active and had returned to their previous occupation. Most participated in recreational sports or exercise. The mean Lysholm knee score was 92 (83 to 100). Only one patient was found to have cartilage damage adjacent to the cement. This patient had a history of intra-articular fracture and local recurrence, leading to degenerative changes. Interpretation of the data obtained from delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the cartilage was difficult, with variation in the T1 values which did not correlate with the clinical or radiological findings. We did not find it helpful in the early diagnosis of degeneration of cartilage. We also found no obvious correlation between the serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level and the radiological and MR findings, function, time after surgery and the age of the patient. In summary, we found no evidence that the long-term presence of cement close to the knee joint was associated with the development of degenerative osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vult von Steyern
- 1Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Medical Imaging and Physiology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Waites AB, Mannfolk P, Shaw ME, Olsrud J, Jackson GD. Flexible statistical modelling detects clinical functional magnetic resonance imaging activation in partially compliant subjects. Magn Reson Imaging 2007; 25:188-96. [PMID: 17275613 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2006.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) occasionally fails to detect significant activation, often due to variability in task performance. The present study seeks to test whether a more flexible statistical analysis can better detect activation, by accounting for variance associated with variable compliance to the task over time. Experimental results and simulated data both confirm that even at 80% compliance to the task, such a flexible model outperforms standard statistical analysis when assessed using the extent of activation (experimental data), goodness of fit (experimental data), and area under the operator characteristic curve (simulated data). Furthermore, retrospective examination of 14 clinical fMRI examinations reveals that in patients where the standard statistical approach yields activation, there is a measurable gain in model performance in adopting the flexible statistical model, with little or no penalty in lost sensitivity. This indicates that a flexible model should be considered, particularly for clinical patients who may have difficulty complying fully with the study task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B Waites
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Elfgren C, van Westen D, Passant U, Larsson EM, Mannfolk P, Fransson P. fMRI activity in the medial temporal lobe during famous face processing. Neuroimage 2005; 30:609-16. [PMID: 16275141 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2005] [Revised: 09/20/2005] [Accepted: 09/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The current event-related fMRI study examined the relative involvement of different parts of the medial temporal lobe (MTL), particularly the contribution of hippocampus and perirhinal cortex, in either intentional or incidental recognition of famous faces in contrast to unfamiliar faces. Our intention was to further explore the controversial contribution of MTL in the processing of semantic memory tasks. Subjects viewed a sequence of famous and unfamiliar faces. Two tasks were used encouraging attention to either fame or gender. In the fame task, the subjects were requested to identify the person when seeing his/her face and also to try to generate the name of this person. In the gender task, the subjects were asked to conduct a judgement of a person's gender when seeing his/her face. The visual processing was hence directed to gender and thereby expected to diminish attention to semantic information leading only to a "passive" registration of famous and non-familiar faces. Recognition of famous faces, in both contrasts, produced significant activations in the MTL. First, during the intentional recognition (the person identification task) increased activity was observed in the anterolateral part of left hippocampus, in proximity to amygdala. Second, during the incidental recognition of famous faces (the gender classification task), there was increased activity in the left posterior MTL with focus in the perirhinal cortex. Our results suggest that the hippocampus may be centrally involved in the intentional retrieval of semantic memories while the perirhinal cortex is associated with the incidental recognition of semantic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Elfgren
- Division of Psychogeriatrics, Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
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