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McIntyre RS, Ismail Z, Watling CP, Weiss C, Meehan SR, Musingarimi P, Thase ME. Patient-reported outcome measures for life engagement in mental health: a systematic review. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2022; 6:62. [PMID: 35689159 PMCID: PMC9187792 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-022-00468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Life engagement in the context of mental health is a broad term that describes positive health aspects relating to cognition, vitality, motivation and reward, and the ability to feel pleasure—concepts that are meaningful to patients. The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify validated patient-reported outcomes (PROs) that can assess any aspect of life engagement in adults, in the field of general mental health. Methods This was a systematic literature review of articles in English from the MEDLINE database (date of search: September 9, 2020). The search strategy had three components: (1) terms to capture PROs; (2) terms to capture mental health; and (3) terms to capture aspects of life engagement. Articles were eligible if they included a PRO that: (1) is named; (2) can be used across mental health disorders; (3) is used to assess any aspect of life engagement; and (4) has undergone psychometric validation and/or qualitative content validation. A list of PROs was extracted. Results A total of 1585 records were screened and 233 articles were eligible for inclusion. Within these 233 articles, 49 distinct PROs were identified, two of which specifically captured their authors’ interpretation of life engagement: the Engaged Living Scale (ELS) and the Life Engagement Test (LET). However, while the ELS and LET covered motivation and reward, life fulfillment, and value-based living, neither scale captured the cognitive or vitality aspects of life engagement. The remaining identified PROs generally captured single aspects of life engagement, most commonly motivation/reward/energy–apathy, pleasure–anhedonia, and mental/psychological well-being. Conclusion Numerous PROs are available that may capture aspects of life engagement. However, a need remains for a new PRO that can be used in clinical trials to provide a more comprehensive description of the improvements in life engagement that patients with mental health disorders may experience with successful treatment.
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Gagnon-Sanschagrin P, Schein J, Urganus A, Serra E, Liang Y, Musingarimi P, Cloutier M, Guérin A, Davis LL. Identifying individuals with undiagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder in a large United States civilian population - a machine learning approach. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:630. [PMID: 36171558 PMCID: PMC9519190 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that remain undiagnosed may be substantial. Without an accurate diagnosis, these patients may lack PTSD-targeted treatments and experience adverse health outcomes. This study used a machine learning approach to identify and describe civilian patients likely to have undiagnosed PTSD in the US commercial population. METHODS The IBM® MarketScan® Commercial Subset (10/01/2015-12/31/2018) was used. A random forest machine learning model was developed and trained to differentiate between patients with and without PTSD using non-trauma-based features. The model was applied to patients for whom PTSD status could not be confirmed to identify individuals likely and unlikely to have undiagnosed PTSD. Patient characteristics, symptoms and complications potentially related to PTSD, treatments received, healthcare costs, and healthcare resource utilization were described separately for patients with PTSD (Actual Positive PTSD cohort), patients likely to have PTSD (Likely PTSD cohort), and patients without PTSD (Without PTSD cohort). RESULTS A total of 44,342 patients were classified in the Actual Positive PTSD cohort, 5683 in the Likely PTSD cohort, and 2,074,471 in the Without PTSD cohort. While several symptoms/comorbidities were similar between the Actual Positive and Likely PTSD cohorts, others, including depression and anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts/actions, and substance use, were more common in the Likely PTSD cohort, suggesting that certain symptoms may be exacerbated among those without a formal diagnosis. Mean per-patient-per-6-month healthcare costs were similar between the Actual Positive and Likely PTSD cohorts ($11,156 and $11,723) and were higher than those of the Without PTSD cohort ($3616); however, cost drivers differed between cohorts, with the Likely PTSD cohort experiencing more inpatient admissions and less outpatient visits than the Actual Positive PTSD cohort. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the lack of a PTSD diagnosis and targeted management of PTSD may result in a greater burden among undiagnosed patients and highlights the need for increased awareness of PTSD in clinical practice and among the civilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Gagnon-Sanschagrin
- Analysis Group, Inc., 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, Tour Deloitte, Suite 1500, Montréal, QC, H3B 0G7, Canada.
| | - Jeff Schein
- grid.419943.20000 0004 0459 5953Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., 508 Carnegie Center, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA
| | - Annette Urganus
- grid.419796.4Lundbeck LLC, 6 Parkway North, Deerfield, IL 60015 USA
| | - Elizabeth Serra
- Analysis Group, Inc., 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, Tour Deloitte, Suite 1500, Montréal, QC H3B 0G7 Canada
| | - Yawen Liang
- Analysis Group, Inc., 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, Tour Deloitte, Suite 1500, Montréal, QC H3B 0G7 Canada
| | - Primrose Musingarimi
- grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, Valby, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Cloutier
- Analysis Group, Inc., 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, Tour Deloitte, Suite 1500, Montréal, QC H3B 0G7 Canada
| | - Annie Guérin
- Analysis Group, Inc., 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, 1190 avenue des Canadiens-de-Montréal, Tour Deloitte, Suite 1500, Montréal, QC H3B 0G7 Canada
| | - Lori L. Davis
- grid.416817.d0000 0001 0240 3901Research Service, Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3701 Loop Rd East, Tuscaloosa, AL 35404 USA ,grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama Heersink School of Medicine, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA
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Dearden L, Musingarimi P, Shalet N, Demuth D, Garcia Alvarez L, Muthutantri A, Venerus A, Lasry R, Hankins M, Maher T. 2545 Real-world treatment with abiraterone acetate in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients in the post-chemotherapy setting in Europe. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gaudig M, Ireland S, Musingarimi P, Jackson C, Tweats E, Eriksson JA, Landfeldt E. What Relapsed/Refractory Cll/Mcl Treatment Outcomes Do German Patients And Physicians Find Most Important? Results from Qualitative Interviews. Value Health 2014; 17:A650. [PMID: 27202344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - E Tweats
- Adelphi Research UK, Bollington, UK
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Masterton RG, Casamayor M, Musingarimi P, van Engen A, Zinck R, Odufowora-Sita O, Odeyemi IAO. De-escalation from micafungin is a cost-effective alternative to traditional escalation from fluconazole in the treatment of patients with systemic Candida infections. J Med Econ 2013; 16:1344-56. [PMID: 24003830 DOI: 10.3111/13696998.2013.839948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic Candida infections (SCI) occur predominantly in intensive care unit patients and are a common cause of morbidity and mortality. Recently, changes in Candida epidemiology with an increasing prevalence of SCI caused by Candida non-albicans species have been reported. Resistance to fluconazole and azoles in general is not uncommon for non-albicans species. Despite guidelines recommending initial treatment with broad-spectrum antifungals such as echinocandins with subsequent switch to fluconazole if isolates are sensitive (de-escalation strategy), fluconazole is still the preferred first-line antifungal (escalation) in many clinical practice settings. After diagnosis of the pathogen, the initial therapy with fluconazole is switched to a broad-spectrum antifungal if a non-albicans is identified. METHODS The cost-effectiveness of initial treatment with micafungin (de-escalation) vs fluconazole (escalation) in patients with SCI was estimated using decision analysis based on clinical and microbiological data from pertinent studies. The model horizon was 42 days, and was extrapolated to cover a lifetime horizon. All costs were analyzed from the UK NHS perspective. Several assumptions were taken to address uncertainties; the limitations of these assumptions are discussed in the article. RESULTS In patients with fluconazole-resistant isolates, initial treatment with micafungin avoids 30% more deaths and successfully treats 23% more patients than initial treatment with fluconazole, with cost savings of £1621 per treated patient. In the overall SCI population, de-escalation results in 1.2% fewer deaths at a marginal cost of £740 per patient. Over a lifetime horizon, the incremental cost-effectiveness of de-escalation vs escalation was £15,522 per life-year and £25,673 per QALY. CONCLUSIONS De-escalation from micafungin may improve clinical outcomes and overall survival, particularly among patients with fluconazole-resistant Candida strains. De-escalation from initial treatment with micafungin is a cost-effective alternative to escalation from a UK NHS perspective, with a differential cost per QALY below the 'willingness-to-pay' threshold of £30,000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Masterton
- Institute of Healthcare Associated Infection, University of the West of Scotland , Ayrshire , UK
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Wait S, Musingarimi P, Briggs A, Tillotson G. Assessing the economic merits of managing cytomegalovirus infection in organ and stem cell transplantation. J Med Econ 2009; 12:68-76. [PMID: 19450067 DOI: 10.3111/13696990902855019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two preventative approaches exist to manage cytomegalovirus (CMV), a common infection in recipients of organ and stem cell transplants: prophylaxis--the prevention of viraemia--and pre-emptive therapy--the prevention of manifestation of disease in patients who have viraemia. Economic evaluation may provide a helpful framework to inform the choice between these two approaches. However, several issues arise. Direct comparisons of prophylaxis and pre-emptive therapy are rare and there are few epidemiological data that depict the full natural history of CMV infection and disease. There is a need for large, prospective randomised trials that directly compare these two strategies and are of sufficient duration to assess their overall impact on direct and indirect effects of CMV as well as patient quality of life. These methodological issues are relevant to the economic evaluation of preventative measures in other clinical settings and highlight the need for a rigorous evaluative framework to best inform decision making about the optimal strategy for patients.
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Hickman AB, Perez ZN, Zhou L, Musingarimi P, Ghirlando R, Hinshaw JE, Craig NL, Dyda F. Molecular architecture of a eukaryotic DNA transposase. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2005; 12:715-21. [PMID: 16041385 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2005] [Accepted: 07/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mobile elements and their inactive remnants account for large proportions of most eukaryotic genomes, where they have had central roles in genome evolution. Over 50 years ago, McClintock reported a form of stress-induced genome instability in maize in which discrete DNA segments move between chromosomal locations. Our current mechanistic understanding of enzymes catalyzing transposition is largely limited to prokaryotic transposases. The Hermes transposon from the housefly is part of the eukaryotic hAT superfamily that includes hobo from Drosophila, McClintock's maize Activator and Tam3 from snapdragon. We report here the three-dimensional structure of a functionally active form of the transposase from Hermes at 2.1-A resolution. The Hermes protein has some structural features of prokaryotic transposases, including a domain with a retroviral integrase fold. However, this domain is disrupted by the insertion of an additional domain. Finally, transposition is observed only when Hermes assembles into a hexamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison B Hickman
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Perez ZN, Musingarimi P, Craig NL, Dyda F, Hickman AB. Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the Hermes transposase. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2005; 61:587-90. [PMID: 16511103 PMCID: PMC1952326 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309105015721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2005] [Accepted: 05/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
DNA transposition is the movement of a defined segment of DNA from one location to another. Although the enzymes that catalyze transposition in bacterial systems have been well characterized, much less is known about the families of transposase enzymes that function in higher organisms. Active transposons have been identified in many insect species, providing tools for gene identification and offering the possibility of altering the genotypes of natural insect populations. One of these active transposons is Hermes, a 2749-base-pair element from Musca domestica that encodes its own transposase. An N-terminally deleted version of the Hermes transposase (residues 79-612) has been overexpressed and purified, and crystals that diffract to 2.1 A resolution have been obtained at 277 K by the hanging-drop method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanita N. Perez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Primrose Musingarimi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nancy L. Craig
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fred Dyda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alison Burgess Hickman
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Correspondence e-mail:
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Musingarimi P, Plumb ME, Sodetz JM. Interaction between the C8 alpha-gamma and C8 beta subunits of human complement C8: role of the C8 beta N-terminal thrombospondin type 1 module and membrane attack complex/perforin domain. Biochemistry 2002; 41:11255-60. [PMID: 12220191 DOI: 10.1021/bi026207h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human C8 is one of five complement components (C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9) that interact to form the cytolytic membrane attack complex (MAC). It is an oligomeric protein composed of a disulfide-linked C8alpha-gamma heterodimer and a noncovalently associated C8beta chain. C8alpha and C8beta are homologous; both contain an N-terminal thrombospondin type 1 (TSP1) module, a low-density lipoprotein receptor class A (LDLRA) module, an extended central segment referred to as the membrane attack/perforin (MACPF) domain, an epidermal growth factor (EGF) module, and a second TSP1 module at the C-terminus. In this study, the segment of C8beta that confers binding specificity toward C8alpha-gamma was identified using recombinant C8beta constructs in which the N- and/or C-terminal modules were deleted or exchanged with those from C8alpha. Constructs were tested for their ability to bind C8alpha-gamma in solution and express C8 hemolytic activity. Binding to C8alpha-gamma was found to be dependent on the TSP1 + LDLRA + MACPF segment of C8beta. Within this segment, the TSP1 module and MACPF domain are principally involved and act cooperatively to mediate binding. Results from activity assays suggest that residues within this segment also mediate binding and incorporation of C8 into the MAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Primrose Musingarimi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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Nath M, Yadav R, Eng G, Musingarimi P. Characteristic spectral studies andin vitro Antimicrobial andin vivo multi-infection antifungal activities in mice of new organotin(IV) derivatives of heterocyclic amino acids. Appl Organomet Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0739(199901)13:1<29::aid-aoc809>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nath M, Yadav R, Eng G, Musingarimi P. Synthesis, Spectral Studies, In Vitro Antimicrobial and In Vivo Multi-infection Antifungal Activities in Mice of New Organotin(iv) Derivatives of Amino Acids. J Chem Res 1998. [DOI: 10.1039/a800173a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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