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Zhang Q, Chen Q, Zhou F, Yang M, Yang S, Zhang X, Lv P, Lu J, Zhang B. Optimizing the quality of emergency head CT imaging: An automated pipeline for correcting head image position. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 31:241-246. [PMID: 39647441 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2024.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Revised: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to evaluate the quality of head CT images in emergency radiology at a public hospital in China and to investigate whether the implementation of an automatic head CT image position correction pipeline can improve radiologists' reading efficiency and reduce the rate of missed skull base fractures. METHODS A total of 15,560 distinct emergency head CT examinations performed between January 2019 and December 2020 at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were included in this study. All head CT scans were normalized to Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space and the orientation matrices were obtained. Objective image quality analysis was conducted using signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) on both native and standard space CT images. Three rotation angles-yaw, roll and pitch-were calculated from the orientation matrices to evaluate the head position displacement relative to the standard position. RESULTS The roll angle was significantly greater than yaw and pitch angles. After normalization, SNR and CNR values improved significantly, and the rate of missed skull base fractures decreased substantially (from 16.63 % to 5.54 %). CONCLUSION The automatic head CT image position correction pipeline significantly enhances the emergency head CT image quality and improves the radiologists' diagnosis efficiency and accuracy. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The automatic head image position correction pipeline offers significant improvements in emergency head CT image quality, enabling radiologists to interpret images more efficiently and accurately, saving valuable time for emergency patients ultimately.
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Wang Z, Lau JTF, Mo PKH, Zhang Q, Wong MCS. Online intervention to increase seasonal influenza vaccination among community-dwelling older people: a randomised controlled trial (abridged secondary publication). Hong Kong Med J 2024; 30 Suppl 7:4-8. [PMID: 39743969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
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Li ZH, Zhang Q, Wang HF, Yu TB, Wang YL, Ma JL, Yin CQ, Shen F, Xu YD, Lian XF, Wang T. [Multicenter study on the detection of pathogens in primary infectious diseases of the spine using metagenomic next-generation sequencing technology]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2024; 62:1128-1135. [PMID: 39606997 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20240715-00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the role of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the diagnosis of pathogens in primary infectious diseases of the spine (IDS) and to reveal its pathogen spectrum. Methods: This is a retrospective multi-center case series study. Clinical data of 380 patients with primary IDS who were treated at four medical centers in China from December 2019 to April 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 82 cases were from the Department of Spine Surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 129 cases were from the Orthopedics Section Ⅱ (Bone Infection), Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Shandong University, 112 cases were from the Department of Spine Surgery, Fuzhou Second General Hospital, and 57 cases were from the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. There were 238 males and 242 females, with an age of (61.4±13.1) years (range: 10 to 91 years). Specimens from the site of spinal infection were obtained for pathogen culture, pathological examination, and mNGS detection preoperatively or intraoperatively in all patients. The number, types, and positive rates of pathogens detected by the two methods were analyzed and compared using the Chi-square test. Results: Among the 380 patients, 320 had confirmed pathogenic bacteria, with the highest proportion being pyogenic bacterial infections, accounting for 76.9% (246/320). The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus, accounting for 22.8% (73/320). Brucella accounted for 13.8% (44/320); Mycobacterium tuberculosis accounted for 6.3% (20/320). Fungal infections accounted for 3.4% (11/320), mainly Aspergillus and Candida. In addition, Mycoplasma was detected in 3 cases (0.9%) and Benacox body in 4 cases (1.2%). The pathogen spectrum constructed by mNGS covered 46 types of pathogens, higher than the 22 types detected by traditional methods. The positive rate of mNGS was 80.8% (308/381), significantly higher than the 27.9% (106/381) of traditional methods (χ2=182.53, P<0.01). Conclusions: mNGS improves the positive rate of pathogen diagnosis in IDS, detecting a broader spectrum of pathogens, and serves as a valuable complement to traditional diagnostic methods. Combining both methods in the diagnosis of IDS can maximize detection rates, providing robust evidence for precise anti-infective treatment.
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Xie W, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Xiang Z, Zeng P, Huo R, Du Z, Tang L. Ultrasound-based ADNEX model for differentiating between benign, borderline, and malignant epithelial ovarian tumours. Clin Radiol 2024; 81:106761. [PMID: 39721319 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.106761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 11/02/2024] [Accepted: 11/25/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis-Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (IOTA-ADNEX) model to distinguish among benign, borderline, and malignant epithelial ovarian tumours (BeEOTs, BEOTs, and MEOTs, respectively). METHODS The study included 813 patients with BeEOTs, BEOTs, and MEOTs who underwent ultrasound examinations and pelvic operations. Comparisons were made between the clinical information and ultrasonographic features of the three patient groups, and the histopathological diagnosis was the gold standard. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the ADNEX model were calculated. RESULTS This was a single-centre retrospective study. Of the 813 patients, 257 (31.6%) had BeEOTs, 114 (14.0%) had BEOTs, and 442 (54.4%) had MEOTs. For a cut-off value of 10% to identify the overall risk for ovarian cancer (OC), the sensitivity and specificity were 99.1% and 73.2%, respectively. According to the receiver operating characteristicscurves, the AUC was 0.987 (95% CI: 0.981-0.993) for BeEOTs compared with MEOTs, 0.820 (95% CI: 0.768-0.872) for BeEOTs compared with BEOTs, 0.912 (95% CI: 0.876-0.948) for BeEOTs compared with stage I OC, and 0.995 (95% CI: 0.992-0.998) for BeEOTs compared with stages II-IV OC. The AUC was 0.614 (95% CI: 0.519-0.709) for BEOTs compared with stage I OC, 0.903 (95% CI: 0.869-0.937) for BEOTs compared with stages II-IV OC, and 0.851 (95% CI: 0.800-0.902) for stage I OC compared with stages II-IV OC. CONCLUSIONS The IOTA-ADNEX model demonstrated good diagnostic performance for the three categories of EOTs and may have the potential to be popularised in assisting radiologists in the assessment of adnexal masses in the future.
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Xu H, Sun XF, Qian HR, Wang M, Wu X, Zhou Y, Wang F, Sun LN, Wang YQ, Li FY, Zhang Q, Xu ZK. [Relationship between ripretinib concentration and the prognosis of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors in China: a multicenter study]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2024; 27:1133-1140. [PMID: 39572178 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20240725-00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prognosis and safety of ripretinib in the treatment of patients with advanced gastrointestinal mesenchymal stromal tumors (GISTs) and to analyze the relationship between blood concentrations of this drug and prognosis. Methods: In this retrospective study, we investigated the effects of ripretinib in patients with advanced GISTs. The inclusion criteria comprised: (1) daily oral administration of ripretinib scheduled; and (2) uninterrupted treatment for at least 1month, with a stable and relatively fixed daily dosage maintained for a minimum of 2 weeks. Exclusion criteria comprised concurrent use of other tyrosine kinase inhibitors and presence of significant organ dysfunction. We retrospectively identified 79 patients with advanced GISTs who had received ripretinib across seven medical centers, namely Jiangsu Provincial Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, from 1 June 2021 to 31 March 2024. The cohort included 48 men and 31 women, 19 of whom had received ripretinib as second-line, 13 as third-line, and 47 as fourth-line therapy. Two peripheral venous blood samples were obtained from each participant and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry used to determine peak (Cmax) and trough (Cmin) concentrations of ripretinib. Machine learning methodologies, specifically the K-nearest neighbor algorithm combined with the Gridsearch CV strategy, were employed to establish the threshold for Cmin. We analyzed adverse reactions, treatment efficacy, median progression-free survival (mPFS), and the relationship between drug blood concentration and selected clinical parameters. Results: In the entire cohort, the Cmin and Cmax of ripretinib were 467 ± 360 μg/L and 986 ± 493 μg/L, respectively. Notably, female patients and individuals in the high-dose group exhibited significantly higher values for both Cmin and Cmax (both P<0.05). However, variations in drug concentrations associated with the line of ripretinib therapy, treatment efficacy, disease progression, and presence of selected specific genetic mutations were not significantly associated with values of Cmin and Cmax (P>0.05). Among the 79 patients with advanced GISTs receiving ripretinib, reported adverse reactions included alopecia (53, 67.09%), hand-foot syndrome (24, 30.38%), fatigue (22, 27.85%), and myalgia (21, 26.58%). Two patients (2.53%) had grade III complications, both classified as hand-foot syndrome. The correlation between Cmax and adverse reactions was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). By the time of the latest follow-up, five deaths (6.3%) had occurred within the cohort. The mPFS for the group was 16.3 months, with a mPFS of 14.4 months for those receiving standard dosage and 7.0 months for those receiving escalating dosage. Among the 65 patients treated with standard doses of ripretinib, those with Cmin exceeding a threshold of 450 μg/L exhibited a significantly longer mPFS (18.0 months vs.13.7 months; P < 0.05). Conclusion: In China, patients with advanced GISTs exhibit a notable tolerance to ripretinib, with no evidence for a correlation between adverse reactions and Cmax for the drug. Additionally, a Cmin exceeding 450 μg/L may be associated with an extended mPFS.
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Huang Y, Zhang Q, Jing Q, Li X, Dong F. The Expression Level of Inflammation-Related Genes in Patients With Bone Nonunion and the Effect of BMP-2 Infected Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined With nHA/PA66 on the Inflammation Level of Femoral Bone Nonunion Rats. Physiol Res 2024; 73:819-829. [PMID: 39560192 PMCID: PMC11629945 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone nonunion delays fracture end repair and is associated with inflammation. Although bone nonunion can be effectively repaired in clinical practice, many cases of failure. Studies have confirmed that BMP-2 and nHA/PA66 repaired bone defects successfully. There are few studies on the effects of the combined application of BMP-2 and NHA/PA66 on bone nonunion osteogenesis and inflammation. We aimed to investigate the expression level of inflammation-related genes in patients with bone nonunion and the effect of BMP-2-infected mesenchymal stem cells combined with nHA/PA66 on the level of inflammation in femur nonunion rats. We searched for a gene expression profile related to bone nonunion inflammation (GSE93138) in the GEO public database. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of SD rats were cultured and passed through. We infected the third generation of MSCs with lentivirus carrying BMP-2 and induced the infected MSCs to bone orientation. We detected the expression level of BMP-2 by RT-PCR and the cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity by CCK8 and then analyzed the cell adhesion ability. Finally, the levels of related inflammatory factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), were detected in nonunion rats. Our findings: The patients with nonunion had up-regulated expression of 26 differentially inflammatory genes. These genes are mainly enriched in innate immune response, extracellular region, calcium ion binding, Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathways. The expression level of BMP-2 in the Lenti-BMP-2 group was higher (vs. empty lentivirus vector group: t=5.699; vs. uninfected group t=3.996). The cell activity of the MSCs + BMP-2 + nHA/PA66 group increased gradually. After being combined with nHA/PA66, MSCs transfected with BMP-2 spread all over the surface of nHA/PA66 and grew into the material pores. MSCs + BMP-2 + nHA/PA66 cells showed positive ALP staining, and the OD value of ALP was the highest. The levels of CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and ESR in the MSCs + BMP-2 + nHA/PA66 group were lower than those in the MSCs and MSCs + nHA/PA66 group but higher than those in MSCs + BMP-2 group. The above comparisons were all P<0.05. The findings demonstrated that the expression level of inflammation-related genes increased in the patients with bone nonunion. The infection of MSCs by BMP-2 could promote the directed differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts in the bone marrow of rats, enhance the cell adhesion ability and ALP activity, and reduce inflammation in rats with bone nonunion.
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Wang HL, Xu PP, Cao W, Pang XH, Pan H, Xu T, Chen BW, Wang YY, Yang ZY, Zhang Q, Zhao WH. [Relationship between body mass index and fat mass percentage in children aged 3-17 years in China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2024; 45:1501-1506. [PMID: 39631810 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240514-00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and fat mass percentage (FMP) in children aged 3-17 years in China. Methods: The BMI and FMP data of children aged 3-17 years from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey in 0-18 years old children in China was analyzed. BMI-Z score/BMI and FMP were used to classify the subjects, respectively. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between BMI and FMP. The consistency between BMI-Z score/BMI and FMP in classifying the subjects was measured using Kappa coefficient. Results: The FMP of malnutrition, normal and overweight/obesity in boys was higher in age group 10-13-year than in other age groups (all P<0.001). The FMP of all nutritional status in girls increased with age (all P<0.05). The BMI of boys in all the FMP levels increased with age (all P<0.05). When the FMP of girls was 25%- or ≥30%, BMI increased with age (all P<0.001). The relationship between BMI and FMP was strong (r=0.705, P<0.001), with r of 0.618 in boys and 0.884 in girls. The consistency between BMI-Z score/BMI and FMP in classifying the subjects was found to be moderate (Kappa=0.574, P<0.001). Conclusions: There was a strong relationship between BMI and FMP. The consistency between BMI-Z score/BMI and FMP in classifying the subjects was moderate.
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Luo RH, Shen LP, Zhang Q, Cao W, Wang HL, Xu PP, Yang ZY, Gan Q, Pang XH, Xu T, Chen BW, Wang YY, Zhao WH. [Consistency between bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in body composition measurement in children aged 6-17 years in China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2024; 45:1507-1512. [PMID: 39631811 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240530-00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the consistency between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the measurement of body composition in children aged 6-17 years in China. Methods: Fat-free mass, fat mass and fat mass percentage were measured by both BIA and DXA in 1 161 children. t-test or Wilcoxon paired test was used to evaluate the different outcome of the two methods. The correlation and consistency between the methods were evaluated by Spearman correlation coefficients (r) and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Body compositions measured by BIA was positively correlated with those measured by DXA (fat mass r=0.95, fat-free mass r=0.98, fat mass percentage r=0.86, all P<0.05). Comparing with DXA, BIA underestimate children's fat mass [the mean difference is -3.15 kg, and the SD is 2.35 kg, 95% limits of agreement (LoA): -7.74-1.45 kg] and fat mass percentage (the mean difference is -8.45%, and the SD is 4.63%, 95% LoA: -17.53%-0.64%). Conclusions: Body compositions measured by BIA was highly positively correlated with those measured by DXA. BIA has certain application value in the measurement of body fat mass and fat-free mass of children aged 6-17 years.
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Cao W, Xu PP, Yang TT, Pang XH, Yang ZY, Wang YY, Xu T, Chen BW, Zhao WH, Zhang Q, He YN. [Characteristics of body height, body weight and body mass index distributions in children aged 3-17 years in China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2024; 45:1487-1493. [PMID: 39631808 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240513-00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics of body height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 3-17 years in China. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey in 0-18 years old children in China. The study selected 70 853 children aged 3-17 years from 28 urban and rural survey sites in 14 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in 7 regions of China with multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. M (Q1, Q3) was used to describe the region, age and gender specific body height, body weight and BMI in the children aged 3-17 years. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the body height, body weight, and BMI between boys and girls in same age group. Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test was used to compare the body height, body weight and BMI among boys in different age groups and among girls in different age groups, as well as among boys in same age group and among girls in same age group from different regions, and DSCF method was used for further pairwise comparisons. Results: In this study, the median body height and body weight were 172.0 cm and 62.9 kg in 17-year-old boys and 160.0 cm and 53.7 kg in 17-year-old girls. The median for children's body height, body weight, and BMI in most age groups were higher in northeastern and northern China than in southern China, and the differences could be observed until age 17 years. The differences in body weight and BMI in children in northeastern and northern China were greater in Q3 than in Q1 compared with southern China. Conclusions: The body height of children aged 3-17 years continues to increase in China. Northeastern and northern China have more children with higher bodyweight, showing an obvious body weight increase trend, to which close attention needs to be paid.
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Xu PP, Pang XH, Cao W, Zhao WH, Yang ZY, Wang YY, Xu T, Chen BW, Xu J, Zhang Q. [Characteristics of fat mass distribution in children aged 3-17 years in China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2024; 45:1494-1500. [PMID: 39631809 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240511-00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the distribution of fat mass (FM), fat mass percentage (FMP), and fat mass index (FMI) in children aged 3-17 years in China. Methods: Data of this study were from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey in 0-18 years old children in China. A total of 70 853 children aged 3-17 years old selected from seven regions of China were included in this analysis. Body composition were measured by using bioelectrical impedance meter. The region, gender and age specific FM, FMP and FMI of the subjects were described by using M (Q1,Q3). Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test was used for the comparison of intergroup differences. DSCF method was used for pairwise comparisons. Results: The medians of FM, FMP and FMI were 3.0 kg, 18.3% and 2.9 kg/m2 in boys aged 3 years and 2.9 kg, 19.0% and 2.9 kg/m2 in girls aged 3 years, respectively. The FM increased with age and the FMP and FMI decreased with age in both boys and girls aged 3-5 years. After 11 years old, the FM, FMP and FMI decreased first and then increased in boys. From 6-17 years old, the FM, FMP and FMI increased gradually in girls. The FM, FMP and FMI were higher in girls than in boys after 12 years old (all P<0.05). The FM, FMP and FMI were relatively higher in children at the age of 6-14 in northeastern and northern China than in other regions. Conclusions: The age specific FM, FMP and FMI had different changing characteristics in boys and girls aged 3-17 years in seven regions of China. The FM, FMP and FMI also differed with region.
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Pang XH, Yang ZY, Xu PP, Cao W, Zhang Q, Wang YY, Xu T, Chen BW, Zhao WH. [Characteristics of fat-free mass distribution in children aged 3-17 years in China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2024; 45:1480-1486. [PMID: 39631807 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240508-00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the distribution of fat-free mass (FFM) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) in children aged 3-17 years in China. Methods: Data were collected from National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey in 0-18 years old children in China. By using multi-stage stratified randomized cluster sampling method, the project was conducted in 28 survey points in urban and rural areas in 14 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in 7 regions in China from 2019 to 2021. FFM was measured using bioelectrical impedance meter. Finally, the body composition data of 70 853 children were included in the analysis. M (Q1, Q3) was used to describe the gender and age specific FFM and FFMI of the children in different regions. Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test was used to compare FFM and FFMI of boys and girls in same age group, boys in different age groups, girls in different age groups, as well as boys in same age group and girls in same age group in different regions. DSCF method was used for pairwise comparisons. Results: After the age of 11 years, the difference of FFMI between boys and girls increased year by year. The FFMI was 14.2 kg/m2 in boys and 13.8 kg/m2 in girls at 11 years old, the difference was significant (χ2=135.86, P<0.001). The difference of FFMI between boys and girls exceed 1.0 kg/m2 from 12 years old, and FFMI was 15.3 kg/m2 in boys and 14.2 kg/m2 in girls at 12 year old, the difference was significant (χ2=597.27, P<0.001). The FFMI was 17.5 kg/m2 in boys and 14.7 kg/m2 in girls at 16 years old, the difference was significant (χ2=2 543.60, P<0.001). The FFMI was higher in boys in northeast China, while the FFMI was lower in both boys and girls in northwest China. Conclusions: Gender specific difference was observed in the increase of FFMI with age. The FFMI was significantly higher in boys than in girls after 11 years old. It is necessary to pay attention to the problem of FFM in children in northeastern and northwestern China.
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Xu X, Wang P, Sun H, Xia D, Huang H, Zhang Q, Liu J. Genome-wide identification of the TRAF gene family in humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) and analysis of their expression in response to Vibrio harveyi challenge. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 154:109959. [PMID: 39395597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 10/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/14/2024]
Abstract
TRAF (Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor) proteins are key mediators of signal transduction in cell signaling and immune regulation within the toll-like receptor (TLR) and tumor necrosis factor (TNFR) superfamily. Despite the importance of TRAF genes in teleost innate immunity, study on their functions in C. altivelis is limited. This study utilized bioinformatics methods to identify and named eight TRAF genes (CaTRAF2a, CaTRAF2a-like, CaTRAF2b, CaTRAF3, CaTRAF4a, CaTRAF5, CaTRAF6 and CaTRAF7) in C. altivelis. Phylogenetic, syntenic and molecular evolution revealed that all CaTRAF members were evolutionarily conserved in teleost. Domain analysis indicated the presence of a conserved N-terminal RING finger domain in all CaTRAF proteins. Most CaTRAF proteins also featured a MATH domain at the C-terminal, with the exception of CaTRAF7 which contained seven repeat WD40 domains. In addition, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression patterns of nine different tissues and eight different embryonic development stages of healthy fish, and it was found that there were spatial and tissue specificities among the members. HE staining revealed evident pathological lesions in the tissues post V. harveyi infection. Atrophy and significant bending of the gill lamellae were observed in the gills, while irregular cell shapes, increased fat vacuoles, and enlarged cell volume were noted in the liver. Intestinal tissues displayed thickening of the muscle layer, elongation of intestinal villi, and increased folds. Moreover, the expression of TRAF gene changed significantly after V. harveyi infection. These results would help to clarify the molecular role of CaTRAF gene in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses in C. altivelis.
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Wang Y, Hu J, Sun L, Zhou B, Lin X, Zhang Q, Wang O, Jiang Y, Xia W, Xing X, Li M. Correlation of serum DKK1 level with skeletal phenotype in children with osteogenesis imperfecta. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:2785-2795. [PMID: 38744806 PMCID: PMC11473575 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02380-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to detect serum DKK1 level of pediatric patients with OI and to analyze its relationship with the genotype and phenotype of OI patients. METHODS A cohort of pediatric OI patients and age-matched healthy children were enrolled. Serum levels of DKK1 and bone turnover biomarkers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Pathogenic mutations of OI were detected by next-generation sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS A total of 62 OI children with mean age of 9.50 (4.86, 12.00) years and 29 healthy children were included in this study. The serum DKK1 concentration in OI children was significantly higher than that in healthy children [5.20 (4.54, 6.32) and 4.08 (3.59, 4.92) ng/mL, P < 0.001]. The serum DKK1 concentration in OI children was negatively correlated with height (r = - 0.282), height Z score (r = - 0.292), ALP concentration (r = - 0.304), lumbar BMD (r = - 0.276), BMD Z score of the lumbar spine and femoral neck (r = - 0.32; r = - 0.27) (all P < 0.05). No significant difference in serum DKK1 concentration was found between OI patients with and without vertebral compression fractures. In patients with spinal deformity (22/62), serum DKK1 concentration was positively correlated with SDI (r = 0.480, P < 0.05). No significant correlation was observed between serum DKK1 concentration and the annual incidence of peripheral fractures, genotype and types of collagen changes in OI children. CONCLUSION The serum DKK1 level was not only significantly elevated in OI children, but also closely correlated to their skeletal phenotype, suggesting that DKK1 may become a new biomarker and a potential therapeutic target of OI.
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Wang X, Kong X, Chen Z, Li H, Tao Z, Zhang Q, Yu H. Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) macrophages respond to Edwardsiella piscicida infection in vivo. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 155:109999. [PMID: 39486559 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2024] [Revised: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/04/2024]
Abstract
Sebastes schlegelii is an economically significant marine fish that faces serious threats from various pathogens. Edwardsiella piscicida is a pathogenic bacterium that primarily affects fish, including S. schlegelii, leading to severe disease. Although numerous reports have documented the transcriptome sequencing of various fish tissues in response to E. piscicida infection, studies focusing on specific cells remain scarce. In this study, S. schlegelii were infected by intraperitoneal injection of E. piscicida. Severe external clinical signs were observed in E. piscicida-infected S. schlegelii and pathological examination demonstrated structural damage of the head kidney following treatment with E. piscicida. Furthermore, macrophages were isolated from the head kidneys of both the control and E. piscicida-infected groups for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that the DEGs were closely associated with immune response and oxidative stress. Additionally, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed based on the data from this study and RNA-seq files of macrophages infected with E. piscicida in vitro, revealing that immune responses, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage were involved in the macrophage response to E. piscicida infection both in vivo and in vitro. This study provides a reference for understanding the mechanisms by which teleost immune cells respond to pathogen invasion and enhances our comprehension of teleost innate immunity.
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Jin C, Yan K, Wang M, Song W, Wang B, Men Y, Niu J, He Y, Zhang Q, Qi J. Dissecting the dynamic cellular transcriptional atlas of adult teleost testis development throughout the annual reproductive cycle. Development 2024; 151:dev202296. [PMID: 38477640 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Teleost testis development during the annual cycle involves dramatic changes in cellular compositions and molecular events. In this study, the testicular cells derived from adult black rockfish at distinct stages - regressed, regenerating and differentiating - were meticulously dissected via single-cell transcriptome sequencing. A continuous developmental trajectory of spermatogenic cells, from spermatogonia to spermatids, was delineated, elucidating the molecular events involved in spermatogenesis. Subsequently, the dynamic regulation of gene expression associated with spermatogonia proliferation and differentiation was observed across spermatogonia subgroups and developmental stages. A bioenergetic transition from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration of spermatogonia during the annual developmental cycle was demonstrated, and a deeper level of heterogeneity and molecular characteristics was revealed by re-clustering analysis. Additionally, the developmental trajectory of Sertoli cells was delineated, alongside the divergence of Leydig cells and macrophages. Moreover, the interaction network between testicular micro-environment somatic cells and spermatogenic cells was established. Overall, our study provides detailed information on both germ and somatic cells within teleost testes during the annual reproductive cycle, which lays the foundation for spermatogenesis regulation and germplasm preservation of endangered species.
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Li R, Qu J, Yan K, Chen Y, Zhao X, Liu Z, Xie M, Zhang Q, He Y, Niu J, Qi J. Deciphering dynamic interactions between spermatozoa and the ovarian microenvironment through integrated multi-omics approaches in viviparous Sebastes schlegelii. Development 2024; 151:dev202224. [PMID: 38572957 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The ovarian microenvironment plays a crucial role in ensuring the reproductive success of viviparous teleosts. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction between spermatozoa and the ovarian microenvironment has remained elusive. This study aimed to contribute to a better understanding of this process in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) using integrated multi-omics approaches. The results demonstrated significant upregulation of ovarian complement-related proteins and pattern recognition receptors, along with remodeling of glycans on the surface of spermatozoa at the early spermatozoa-storage stage (1 month after mating). As spermatozoa were stored over time, ovarian complement proteins were progressively repressed by tryptophan and hippurate, indicating a remarkable adaptation of spermatozoa to the ovarian microenvironment. Before fertilization, a notable upregulation of cellular junction proteins was observed. The study revealed that spermatozoa bind to ZPB2a protein through GSTM3 and that ZPB2a promotes spermatozoa survival and movement in a GSTM3-dependent manner. These findings shed light on a key mechanism that influences the dynamics of spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract, providing valuable insights into the molecular networks regulating spermatozoa adaptation and survival in species with internal fertilization.
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Zhang Q, Cheng M, Zhao R, Ma QQ. [Study on the variation characteristics of serum lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, and complement levels in patients with cheilitis]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2024; 59:1027-1036. [PMID: 39344455 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20240319-00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the variations of serum lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, and complement levels in patients with cheilitis, and to explore the associations between the changes in serum immune levels and the onset of cheilitis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 153 patients with cheilitis who visited the Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to December 2023. They were compared with 50 healthy individuals who visited the physical examination department during the same period. The changes of serum lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, and complement levels in patients with cheilitis were analyzed. Main detection indicators as the percentage of total T lymphocytes (T%), helper/inducer T lymphocytes (CD4+T%), absolute numbers of total T lymphocytes (T#), absolute numbers of helper/inducer T lymphocytes (CD4+T#), percentage of natural killer cells (NK%), absolute numbers of B lymphocytes (B#), immunoglobulins IgG, IgM and complement C3, C4 were included. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between serum lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, complement levels and cheilitis. Subgroup analysis was further conducted on patients with cheilitis based on gender, age, cheilitis type and severity. Results: The levels of T% [69.54% (64.41%, 75.14%)], CD4+T% [(35.09±7.10)%], T# [1 328.00 (1 054.00, 1 560.50)], and CD4+T# [653.00 (505.00, 831.50)] in the cheilitis group were significantly lower than those in the control group respectively [72.33% (69.41%, 75.47%), (39.07±5.84)%, 1 483.50 (1 245.75, 1 805.25), 769.00 (687.25, 933.00), with the corresponding statistical test results of Z=-2.64, P=0.008; t=3.58, P<0.001; Z=-2.80, P=0.005; Z=-3.80, P<0.001]. The level of NK% [16.21% (12.16%, 21.29%)] was significantly higher in the cheilitis group compared to the control group [14.61% (10.97%, 17.87%)] (Z=-2.28, P=0.023). IgG [12.29 (10.77, 13.73) g/L] and IgM levels [1.18 (0.86, 1.58) g/L] were significantly higher in the cheilitis group than in the control group respectively [11.52 (10.16, 12.91) g/L, 0.99 (0.77, 1.26) g/L] (Z=-2.24, P=0.025; Z=-2.10, P=0.036), while complement C3 [(1.09±0.17) g/L] and C4 levels [0.23 (0.19, 0.28) g/L] were significantly lower in the cheilitis group compared to the control [(1.18±0.17) g/L, 0.31(0.24, 0.35) g/L] (t=3.10, P=0.002; Z=-4.79, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated IgG (P=0.021), decreased C4 (P<0.001), decreased CD4+T% (P=0.003), and decreased T# (P=0.035) were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of cheilitis. The rate of abnormal lymphocyte immune analysis in the cheilitis group [68.0% (104/153)] was significantly higher than that in the control group [24.0% (12/50)] (χ2=29.76, P<0.001). The rate of abnormal immunoglobulin and complement detection in the cheilitis group [41.8% (64/153)] was significantly higher than that in the control group [4.0% (2/50)] (χ2=24.58, P<0.001). The rate of detection abnormalities in female patients with cheilitis [51.5% (53/103)] was significantly higher than in male ones [22.0% (11/50)] (χ2=12.00, P=0.001). Patients with granulomatous cheilitis had significantly lower levels of T# [1 136.50 (663.75, 1 310.50)] and B# [162.50 (104.00, 225.50)] compared to those with chronic cheilitis [1 366.00 (1 063.03, 1 602.00), 202.48 (148.00, 298.00)] (Z=-2.35, P=0.019; Z=-2.16, P=0.031). Conclusions: Patients with cheilitis exhibit a certain degree of imbalance on cellular immunity, humoral immunity, and innate immunity, which may be related to the onset of cheilitis.
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You JY, Guo W, Geng L, Huang J, Shen YL, Zhang Q. [Beneficial effects of extravascular lung water index-guided volum management in patients with cardiogenic shock]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2024; 52:1081-1089. [PMID: 39289999 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20240213-00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the role of volume management guided by extravascular lung water index(EVLWI) in improving the clinical outcomes and cardiac function for patients with cardiogenic shock. Methods: This study was a single-center, prospective cohort study. Patients with cardiogenic shock admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital from July 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled. Patients were matched 1∶1 by propensity score and divided into EVLWI group and control group. In the control group, the volume management strategy was determined by the attending physician based mainly on conventional factors, including clinical features, biochemical assessments, and certain blood pressure measurements. In EVLWI group, the volume management plan was formulated by integrating conventional factors with EVLWI derived from pulse index continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) monitoring. Baseline clinical data, in-hospital treatment, and hemodynamic data were collected. Major adverse cardiovascular events and cardiac function related parameters were compared at 30 d after treatment between the two groups. Baseline EVLWI levels were compared between the non-survivors and the survivors in the EVLWI group. The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to assess the accuracy of baseline EVLWI and central venous pressure in predicting all-cause mortality at 30 d after treatment in patients with cardiogenic shock, and subgroup analysis was performed according to ischemic/non-ischemic etiology and with/without use of inotropic drugs. Kaplan-Meier curve was used for survival analysis, with log-rank tests comparing all-cause mortality, cardiac death, and readmission rate for heart failure at 30 d after treatment. Results: A total of 200 patients with cardiogenic shock were enrolled, aged (71.35±12.82) years, 144(72%) males, EVLWI group and control group 100 patients each. Compared with the control group, EVLWI group had lower all-cause mortality (16%(16/100) vs. 42%(42/100), log-rank P<0.01), cardiac death (14%(14/100) vs. 34%(34/100), log-rank P<0.01), and readmission rate for heart failure (4%(4/100) vs. 12%(12/100), log-rank P=0.03) at 30 d after treatment. Subgroup analysis showed that EVLWI-guided volume management was associated with lower all-cause mortality at 30 d after treatment in patients with cardiogenic shock of ischemic or non-ischemic etiology and with or without inotropic drugs (all P<0.05). In EVLWI group, baseline EVLWI levels were higher in non-survivors than those in survivors [(15.99±6.47) ml/kg vs.(9.75±2.55) ml/kg, P<0.01]. The baseline EVLWI could predicting all-cause mortality at 30 d after treatment in patients with cardiogenic shock, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.84 (95%CI: 0.75-0.94, P<0.01), while the baseline central venous pressure had no predicting value (AUC=0.54, 95%CI: 0.40-0.69, P=0.60). The optimal cutoff value of EVLWI in pridicting all-cause mortality at 30 d after treatment in patients with cardiogenic shock was >10.3 ml/kg. With the optimization of hemodynamic parameters, left ventricular ejection fraction was improved in EVLWI group, and serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase and lactic acid were decreased (all P<0.05). Conclusion: EVLWI-guided volume management exerts a beneficial effect on therapeutic decision-making and improves clinical outcomes and cardiac function in patients with cardiogenic shock.
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Ye M, Wu H, Mei Y, Zhang Q. [High expression of CREM is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2024; 44:1776-1782. [PMID: 39505346 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.09.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the expression of CREM in gastric cancer (GC) and its correlation with prognosis of the patients. METHODS TCGA and GEO databases were used to analyze the expression levels of CREM mRNA in GC and adjacent tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of CREM protein in 43 pairs of GC and adjacent tissues, and the correlation of CREM expression with clinicopathological features of the patients was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to explore the relationship between CREM expression and survival of GC patients. LinkedOmics database was used to annotate the GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment of CREM-related genes. RESULTS Database analysis showed that CREM was highly expressed in GC tissues (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with poor prognosis in GC patients (P=0.01). Immunohistochemistry results showed significantly higher CREM expression in GC tissues than in paired adjacent tissues (P < 0.0001), and its expression level was correlated with T-stage and N-stage of the tumor (P < 0.05). The overall survival of GC patients with high expression of CREM was shorter (RR=4.02, P=0.0046). Gene enrichment analysis showed that high CREM expression promotes occurrence and progression of GC very likely through the cell adhesion signaling pathway. CONCLUSION CREM is highly expressed in GC, and its high expression is associated with a poor prognosis of GC patients, suggesting the potential of CREM to serve as a prognostic indicator for GC.
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Zhang L, Liu X, Hu X, Wang J, Yu X, Li G, You H, Zhang Q, Zhang H. [Efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization followed by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with TKI and PD-1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2024; 44:1831-1838. [PMID: 39505352 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.09.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with TKI drugs and PD-1 inhibitors as the first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 70 patients with advanced HCC treated in the Department of Oncology of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine between July, 2020 and June, 2023. 23 of the patients received TACE combined with HAIC and TKI (TACE+HAIC+ TKI group) and 47 received TACE combined with HAIC, PD-1 inhibitors and TKI (TACE+HAIC+PD-1+TKI group). The clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, efficacy, outcomes and adverse events of the patients were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The TACE+HAIC+TKI and TACE+HAIC+PD-1+TKI groups had significantly different objective remission rates (ORR; 60.87% vs 36.17%, P=0.031), comparable disease control rates (95.65% vs 93.62%, P=0.068), and different median progression-free survival (PFS) time (10.2 vs 11.8 months, P=0.003) and median overall survival (OS) time (15.7 vs 19.5 months, P=0.035). After propensity score matching (PSM), the median PFS and OS time of the two groups was 10.1 vs 14.5 months (P= 0.024) and 14.2 vs 21.2 months (P=0.221), respectively. The 1-year PFS rates of the 2 groups were 24.0% vs 52.2%, and the 1-, 2-and 3-year OS rates were 72.3% vs 93.1%, 23.9% vs 63.8%, and 23.9% vs 36.5%, respectively. The incidence of proteinuria was significantly higher in TACE+HAIC+PD-1+TKI group than in TACE+HAIC+TKI group (21.28% vs 0, P=0.025), but the incidences of grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events were all similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION The first-line treatment with TACE+HAIC+PD-1+TKI is safe and effective for advanced HCC and can significantly prolong the survival of the patients.
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Meng Q, Zhang S, Zhang C, Liu B, Zhu W, Wu L, Zhang Q, Li Y, Wang X, Bian H. Disordered gut microbiota in postmenopausal stage amplifies intestinal tight junction damage to accelerate atherosclerosis. Benef Microbes 2024:1-23. [PMID: 39277177 DOI: 10.1163/18762891-bja00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
The causes and characteristics of gut microbiota abnormalities and whether microbiota manipulation can prevent atherosclerosis in the postmenopausal stage remain to be determined. Aortic oestrogen receptor expression, histological changes and gut microbiota in women before and after menopause were detected. Serum oestrogen levels, systemic inflammation, intestinal oestrogen receptor expression and histological changes, atherosclerosis, and gut microbiota in low density lipoprotein deletion (LDLR-∕-) female mice before and after ovariectomy were tested. This study examined aortic oestrogen receptor expression, histological changes, and gut microbiota in women before and after menopause, and tested serum oestrogen levels, systemic inflammation, intestinal oestrogen receptor expression, histological changes, atherosclerosis, and gut microbiota in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLR-∕-) female mice before and after ovariectomy. We demonstrated that the downregulation of oestrogen and oestrogen receptors after menopause promotes gut microbiota disturbance in both women and female mice. We found that gut microbiota disturbance amplifies the intestinal barrier damage and aggravates systemic inflammation, thereby promoting atherosclerosis in female mice. Faecal microbiota transplantation and antibiotics inhibit the proinflammatory properties of gut microbiota and prevent atherosclerosis by reducing intestinal barrier damage in postmenopausal mice. Together, our study highlights the causes of gut microbiota disturbances and the role of microbiota manipulation in preventing atherosclerosis in postmenopausal stage.
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Du Q, Li Q, Liu C, Liao G, Li J, Yang J, Zhang Q, Gong X, Li K. Probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics and human neuropsychiatric outcomes: an umbrella review. Benef Microbes 2024; 15:589-608. [PMID: 39242081 DOI: 10.1163/18762891-bja00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The neuropsychiatric effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have been gaining attention since the rise of microbial-gut-brain axis research. Nevertheless, some of the findings are inconsistent, and few studies have analysed the similarities and differences in the neuropsychiatric effects of the three comprehensively. To reveal the respective neuropsychiatric effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics and synthesise the similarities and differences among the three effects, 47 meta-analyses with 12 types of neuropsychiatric results were integrated under an umbrella review. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics intake might all be associated with improvements in some neuropsychiatric outcomes, including neuropsychological test outcomes (probiotic and prebiotic), hepatic encephalopathy outcomes (probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic), instant memory in patients with Alzheimer's disease (probiotic), depressive symptoms (probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic), mood states and psychiatric distress (probiotic), overall mental health (probiotic), neurological function (probiotic), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration (probiotic and synbiotic), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score (probiotic). All three are similar in that the intake of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics might be associated with improvements in hepatic encephalopathy outcomes and depressive symptoms, both probiotic and synbiotic intake might be associated with elevated BDNF concentrations, and both probiotic and prebiotic intake might be associated with improved neuropsychological test results. The difference between the three is that the neuropsychiatric effects of probiotics might be more widespread and be reflected in the fact that probiotic intake might also be associated with improvements in mood states and psychiatric distress, overall mental health, neurological function, Alzheimer's disease patients' instant memory, and PSQI score. Probiotics might be the best and most promising option for improving neuropsychiatric outcomes. In the future, in addition to requiring more high-quality meta-analyses, further preclinical studies are needed to explore specific relevant mechanisms and determine true causal relationships.
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Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Xin Y, Li H, Huang P, Li N, Zhou Y, Luan F, Li Y, Zhang Q, Yuan M, Liu Y, Liu L, Song Y, Shen L, Xiao Y, Liu Y, Peng Y, Wang X, Yu K, Zhao M, Wang C. Association of gut microbiota with acute kidney injury: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation and case-control study. Benef Microbes 2024; 15:643-657. [PMID: 39214524 DOI: 10.1163/18762891-bja00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have implicated the gut microbiota in acute kidney injury (AKI), but the causal relationship is unclear. Using Mendelian randomisation, we explored the causal role of gut microbiota in the development of acute kidney injury after excluding confounding and reverse causality. Mendel randomised (MR) study was conducted using data from intestinal microbiota and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) disease of acute kidney injury and the sequencing data of case-control study confirmed this finding. The summary statistics of intestinal microbiota (n = 13,266) conducted by MiBioGen Alliance was taken as the exposure, while the statistics of acute kidney injury obtained from FinnGen Alliance data (2,383 cases and 212,841 controls) were taken as the results. A total of 42 patients were included in this case-control study. Evidence for the protective causal associations of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 with AKI was found in inverse variance weighting (odds ratio = 0.48 [95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.72]; P = 0.0003). Additionally, a case-control study showed that the relative abundance of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 ( P = 0.0169) in septic non-AKI patients was higher than that in septic AKI patients. Compared with S-AKI patients who died within 28 days, the relative abundance of the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 in surviving patients was higher ( P = 0.0281). Phylogenetic analysis showed that OTU68 and HQ455040.1334-739 (genus Flavonifractor, Genetic similarity: 100%), as well as OTU2271 and LT598575.1365-770 (genus Pseudoflavonifractor, Genetic similarity: 100%), have closest genetic ties. Correlation analysis showed that the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 was related to the creatinine value (Spearman correlation: -0.379, P = 0.013). The present study demonstrates that the genus Flavonifractor id.2059 is associated with a reduced risk of AKI, revealing potential implications for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury.
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Zhao X, Li H, Jin L, Xue J, Yao Y, Pang W, Liu X, Wang W, Han Q, Zhang B, Zhao X, Zhang Q, Wu X, Tan Z, Zhang X, Su X, Zhang C. A risk-prediction score about colorectal lesions based on the Chinese population of high-risk participants aged 50-65 years. Public Health 2024; 234:164-169. [PMID: 39013238 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aims to develop an effective risk-prediction score (RPS) to improve screening efficiency and contribute to secondary prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). STUDY DESIGN Screening for colorectal lesions. METHODS 14,398 high-risk individuals aged 50-65 years were included. The baseline characteristics of participants with and without colorectal lesions (CL) were compared using a Chi-squared test. The overall population was randomly split into a training set and a test set in the ratio of 80% and 20%. One-factor and multifactor logistic regression analyses were performed in the training set to construct the RPS (scores of 0-9.62). Area under curve (AUC) was calculated as an estimate of predictive performance using the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve in the test set. RESULTS In the study population, being male, advanced age, current or previous smoking, weekly alcohol consumption, high body mass index (BMI ≥24 kg/m2), and previously detected colonic polyp were associated with higher risk of CL. Compared to the low-risk group (0-2.31 points), the ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the moderate-risk group (2.31-3.85 points) and high-risk group (3.85-8.42 points) were 1.58 (1.44, 1.73) and 2.52 (2.30, 2.76), respectively. For every 1-point increase in score, participants had a 27% increased risk of CL (OR:1.27, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.30). For participants with CL predicted by RPS, the area under the working characteristic curve was 0.61 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our RPS can quickly and efficiently identify multiple lesions of the colorectum. Combining RPS with existing screening strategies facilitates the identification of very high-risk individuals and may help to prevent CRC.
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Jin C, Yan K, Wang M, Song W, Wang B, Men Y, Niu J, He Y, Zhang Q, Qi J. Correction: Dissecting the dynamic cellular transcriptional atlas of adult teleost testis development throughout the annual reproductive cycle. Development 2024; 151:dev204246. [PMID: 39145505 DOI: 10.1242/dev.204246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
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