P06-03 Associations between walkability and physical activity of Hungarian adults, preliminary study of the EUPASMOS project

Background

Walkability is a new definition in sport and health science in Hungary. In our study the walkability was measured by NEWS-Hungarian questionnaire first time in Hungary and our research aim was to compare neighbourhood walkability to physical activity level.

Methods

The study comprised 593 participating adults (248 males and 345 females). The data was collected during February-May 2019 using quota sampling by age and gender representing the Hungarian adult (18+) population. The physical activity was measured by RM 42 hip-worn triaxial accelerometer for 7 consecutive days using vigorous, moderate to vigorous activities and daily steps scores. The walkability was measured by walking and cycling facilities subscale (10 questions) of NEWS-Hungarian questionnaire. The subscale measured the environment's possibilities and quality for walking and cycling. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation, Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyse data using SPSS 24. program, where level of significance was set at p > 0.05.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 44.41±18.64 and their average number of daily steps was 7308.47±6993.86. 69.05% was lived in cities and 30.05% in rural areas. The respondent's opinion about the walking and cycling around their place of living was measured by a 4 point scale (1 = strongly disagree and 4 = strongly agree), where we found 2.76±2.8 mean scores. The walkability score was showed significant but weak correlation with accelerometer-measured vigorous PA (R = 0.124, p = 0.004). But the accelerometer-based number of steps was not showed correlation with walkability (R = 0.058, p = 0.184).

Conclusions

According to our results the built environment, especially walking and cycling places had significant but weak effect on physical activity patters. The participants were somewhat satisfied with walking and cycling possibilities of their built environment but this was not affected directly the time spent physically active. This study used first time the NEWS-Hungarian walkability scale to have a better understanding of the country specific details and compared them with PA level of the population further analysis needed.

Criterion validity and reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Hungarian short form against the RM42 accelerometer

BACKGROUND

Physical inactivity is a global phenomenon in European welfare countries. Proper monitoring is essential to measure the physical activity level of the population.

METHODS

In the Hungarian cohort of the European Physical Activity and Sport Monitoring System (EUPASMOS) project, our participants (N = 598) completed sociodemographic questions and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - short form (IPAQ-SF) survey. The validity and reliability of the subjective measurement tool were examined, IPAQ-SF outcomes were contrasted against triaxial RM42 accelerometer wore for 7 consecutive days.

RESULTS

The IPAQ-SF showed moderate internal consistency (Cronbach Alpha = 0.647). The concurrent validity of the IPAQ-SF to triaxial accelerometer indicated a significant weak-to-moderate correlation (R = 0.111-0.338, p = 0.042; p < 0.001). The test-retest reliability showed a significant correlation between two measurements (R = 0.788-0.981, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The Hungarian version of the IPAQ-SF had excellent test-retest reliability, but low-to-fair concurrent validity for moderate and vigorous physical activity, walking and sitting time, as compared to the objective criterion measure among Hungarian adults.

Effect of the intracellular calcium concentration chelator BAPTA acetoxy-methylester on action potential duration in canine ventricular myocytes

Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) is often buffered by using the cell-permeant acetoxy-methylester form of the Ca²⁺ chelator BAPTA (BAPTA-AM) under experimental conditions. This study was designed to investigate the time-dependent actions of extracellularly applied BAPTA-AM on action potential duration (APD) in cardiac cells. Action potentials were recorded from enzymatically isolated canine ventricular myocytes with conventional sharp microelectrodes. The effect of BAPTA-AM on the rapid delayed rectifier K⁺ current (I_Kr) was studied using conventional voltage clamp and action potential voltage clamp techniques. APD was lengthened by 5 μM BAPTA-AM - but not by BAPTA - and shortened by the Ca²⁺ ionophore A23187 in a time-dependent manner. The APD-lengthening effect of BAPTA-AM was strongly suppressed in the presence of nisoldipine, and enhanced in the presence of BAY K8644, suggesting that a shift in the [Ca²⁺]_i-dependent inactivation of L-type Ca²⁺ current may be an important underlying mechanism. However, in the presence of the I_Kr-blocker dofetilide or E-4031 APD was shortened rather than lengthened by BAPTA-AM. Similarly, the APD-lengthening effect of 100 nM dofetilide was halved by the pretreatment with BAPTA-AM. In line with these results, I_Kr was significantly reduced by extracellularly applied BAPTA-AM under both conventional voltage clamp and action potential voltage clamp conditions. This inhibition of I_Kr was partially reversible and was not related to the Ca²⁺ chelator effect BAPTA-AM. The possible mechanisms involved in the APD-modifying effects of BAPTA-AM are discussed. It is concluded that BAPTA-AM has to be applied carefully to control [Ca²⁺]_i in whole cell systems because of its direct inhibitory action on I_Kr.

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Zusammenfassung. Das Belastungs-EKG ist zur Erfassung einer Myokardischämie und der Leistungsfähigkeit das am weitesten verbreitete Standardverfahren in Klinik und Praxis der Kardiologie und zählt nach wie vor zu den wichtigsten Funktionsuntersuchungen des Herz-Kreislauf-Systems. Ein Belastungs-EKG sollte symptomlimitiert durchgeführt werden und ca. 10 min dauern, damit eine hohe Leistung mit möglichst hohem Doppelprodukt und damit eine möglichst hohe Aussagekraft des Tests bezüglich Ischämie und Prognose erreicht wird. Sollarbeitskapazität und Herzfrequenz sind als Abbruchkriterien nicht geeignet. Verbesserte Interpretationsmöglichkeiten durch Einbeziehung neuer Variablen (Hyper-Q) können die Diagnosegenauigkeit bei Patienten mit mittlerer Vortestwahrscheinlichkeit erhöhen. Trotz hochentwickelter bildgebender Verfahren mit grösserer Sensitivität und Spezifität bleibt ein korrekt durchgeführtes Belastungs-EKG aufgrund der ubiquitären Verfügbarkeit und des guten Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnisses ein fester Bestandteil der Basisdiagnostik.

Nuclear translocation of the tumor marker pyruvate kinase M2 induces programmed cell death

Cancer cells often fail to respond to stimuli that normally activate their intrinsic apoptotic machinery. Moreover, they are able to adapt to hypoxia by changing their glycolytic rate. Pyruvate kinase (PK) is a rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis that is converted to a less active dimer form of PKM2 isoenzyme during oncogenesis. Here, we show that both somatostatin and the structural analogue TT-232 interact with the PKM subtype. We further show that the PKM2 is translocated to the nucleus in response to TT-232 and different apoptotic agents. Nuclear translocation of PKM2 is sufficient to induce cell death that is caspase independent, isoform specific, and independent of its enzymatic activity. These results show that the tumor marker PKM2 plays a general role in caspase-independent cell death of tumor cells and thereby defines this glycolytic enzyme as a novel target for cancer therapy development.