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Heilmann RM, Grützner N, Hokamp JA, Lidbury JA, Xenoulis PG, Suchodolski JS, Nabity MB, Cianciolo R, Steiner JM. Serum α 1-proteinase inhibitor concentrations in dogs with exocrine pancreatic disease, chronic hepatitis or proteinuric chronic kidney disease. Vet J 2018; 236:68-71. [PMID: 29871753 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Serum canine α1-proteinase inhibitor (cα1-PI) concentrations were evaluated in dogs with pancreatitis (n=24), exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI; n=29), chronic hepatitis (CH; n=11) or proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD-P; n=61) to determine whether systemic proteinase/proteinase-inhibitor balance is altered in these conditions. Dogs with CKD-P had significantly lower cα1-PI concentrations than dogs with pancreatitis, EPI or CH; 16% of dogs with CKD-P had serum cα1-PI concentrations below the reference interval. Serum and urine cα1-PI concentrations were inversely correlated in dogs with CKD-P, but not in dogs with CH. This suggests that renal loss of cα1-PI contributes to decreased serum concentrations in dogs with CKD-P, while hepatic cα1-PI synthesis with CH either is not compromised or is counterbalanced by extrahepatic production.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Heilmann
- Department for Small Animals, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 23, DE-04103 Leipzig, Germany; Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas Agricultural and Machinery (Texas A&M) University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA.
| | - N Grützner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas Agricultural and Machinery (Texas A&M) University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA; Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, DE-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - J A Hokamp
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA; International Veterinary Renal Pathology Service, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - J A Lidbury
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas Agricultural and Machinery (Texas A&M) University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA
| | - P G Xenoulis
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas Agricultural and Machinery (Texas A&M) University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA; Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, Karditsa 43100, Greece
| | - J S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas Agricultural and Machinery (Texas A&M) University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA
| | - M B Nabity
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA
| | - R Cianciolo
- International Veterinary Renal Pathology Service, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - J M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas Agricultural and Machinery (Texas A&M) University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA
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Holm LP, Hawkins I, Robin C, Newton RJ, Jepson R, Stanzani G, McMahon LA, Pesavento P, Carr T, Cogan T, Couto CG, Cianciolo R, Walker DJ. Cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy as a cause of acute kidney injury in dogs in the UK. Vet Rec 2015; 176:384. [PMID: 25802439 PMCID: PMC4413843 DOI: 10.1136/vr.102892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To describe the signalment, clinicopathological findings and outcome in dogs presenting with acute kidney injury (AKI) and skin lesions between November 2012 and March 2014, in whom cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy (CRGV) was suspected and renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) was histopathologically confirmed. The medical records of dogs with skin lesions and AKI, with histopathologically confirmed renal TMA, were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty dogs from across the UK were identified with clinicopathological findings compatible with CRGV. These findings included the following: skin lesions, predominantly affecting the distal extremities; AKI; and variably, anaemia, thrombocytopaenia and hyperbilirubinaemia. Known causes of AKI were excluded. The major renal histopathological finding was TMA. All thirty dogs died or were euthanised. Shiga toxin was not identified in the kidneys of affected dogs. Escherichia coli genes encoding shiga toxin were not identified in faeces from affected dogs. CRGV has previously been reported in greyhounds in the USA, a greyhound in the UK, without renal involvement, and a Great Dane in Germany. This is the first report of a series of non-greyhound dogs with CRGV and AKI in the UK. CRGV is a disease of unknown aetiology carrying a poor prognosis when azotaemia develops.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Holm
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, The Granary, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire SO21 2LL, UK
| | - I Hawkins
- Bridge Pathology, Horner Court, 637 Gloucester Road, Horfield, Bristol BS7 0BJ, UK
| | - C Robin
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK
| | - R J Newton
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK
| | - R Jepson
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - G Stanzani
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - L A McMahon
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, The Granary, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire SO21 2LL, UK
| | - P Pesavento
- Department of PMI, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, 4206 VM3A, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - T Carr
- Martin and Carr, The Old Well, Station Road, Pershore, Worcestershire WR10 2DB, UK
| | - T Cogan
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
| | - C G Couto
- Couto Veterinary Consultants, Hilliard, Ohio 43026, USA
| | - R Cianciolo
- International Veterinary Renal Pathology Service, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, 301 Goss Laboratory, 1925 Coffey Rd, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - D J Walker
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, The Granary, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire SO21 2LL, UK
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Lachiewicz AM, Cianciolo R, Miller MB, Derebail VK. Adenovirus causing fever, upper respiratory infection, and allograft nephritis complicated by persistent asymptomatic viremia. Transpl Infect Dis 2014; 16:648-52. [PMID: 24966111 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A 20-year-old woman, with renal transplant complicated by recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, presented nearly 2 years after transplantation with fever, conjunctivitis, and sinus congestion. She was found to have severe adenovirus (ADV)-induced granulomatous interstitial nephritis, confirmed by immunohistochemical staining for ADV in the renal biopsy, without urinary symptoms, hematuria, or laboratory evidence of a change in allograft function. Fever, upper respiratory tract symptoms, and evidence of adenoviral infection in the allograft resolved with decreased immunosuppression and treatment with cidofovir and intravenous immunoglobulin. Creatinine rose during treatment and remained elevated, possibly related to cidofovir nephrotoxicity. Despite therapy and continued reduction in immunosuppression, asymptomatic low-level viremia persisted for a year. In renal transplant patients with ADV infection, allograft involvement should be highly suspected even without overt urinary symptoms or laboratory evidence of allograft dysfunction. Demonstration of allograft involvement may prompt alternative management that could limit continued allograft infection. No clear recommendations exist for management of asymptomatic ADV viremia in solid organ transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lachiewicz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Nabity M, Lees G, Cianciolo R, Boggess M, Steiner J, Suchodolski J. Urinary Biomarkers of Renal Disease in Dogs with X-Linked Hereditary Nephropathy. J Vet Intern Med 2012; 26:282-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00891.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M.B. Nabity
- Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology and Small Animal Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Texas A&M University; College Station; TX
| | - G.E. Lees
- Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology and Small Animal Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Texas A&M University; College Station; TX
| | - R. Cianciolo
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology; North Carolina State University; Raleigh; NC
| | - M.M. Boggess
- Department of Statistics; Texas A&M University; College Station; TX
| | - J.M. Steiner
- Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology and Small Animal Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Texas A&M University; College Station; TX
| | - J.S. Suchodolski
- Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology and Small Animal Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Texas A&M University; College Station; TX
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