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Paolillo E, Saloner R, Montoya J, Campbell L, Pasipanodya E, Iudicello J, Moore R, Moore D. C - 26Combined Effects of HIV and Past Methamphetamine Use Disorder on Frailty, Neurocognition, and Everyday Functioning. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acy061.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Saloner R, Casaletto KB, Marx G, Dutt S, Vanden Bussche AB, You M, Fox E, Stiver J, Kramer JH. Performance on a 1-week delayed recall task is associated with medial temporal lobe structures in neurologically normal older adults. Clin Neuropsychol 2017; 32:456-467. [PMID: 28856963 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2017.1370134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traditional episodic memory tests employ a delayed recall length ranging from 10 to 30 min. The neurobiological process of memory consolidation extends well beyond these time intervals, however, raising the possibility that these tests might not be fully sensitive to the subtle neurocognitive changes found in early disease or age-related decline. We aimed to determine the sensitivity of a 1-week delayed recall paradigm to medial temporal lobe (MTL) structure among neurologically normal older adults. METHODS One hundred and forty functionally intact, older adults (mean age = 75.8) completed a story recall test in which participants learned to 90% criterion. Recall was tested after 30-min and 1-week. Participants also completed a standardized list learning task with a 20-min delay (n = 129) and a structural brain MRI. The MTL, including the parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, and entorhinal, was our primary region of interest. RESULTS Controlling for age, education, gender and total intracranial volume, the standard 20- and 30-min recalls showed no significant relationship with MTL. In contrast, 1-week recall was uniquely associated with MTL structure (partial r = .24, p = .006), specifically entorhinal (partial r = .27; p = .001) and hippocampal (partial r = .21, p = .02) volumes. CONCLUSION Memory paradigms that utilize 1-week delays are more sensitive than standard paradigms to MTL volumes in neurologically normal older adults. Longer delay periods may improve detection of memory consolidation abilities associated with age-related, and potentially pathological, neurobehavioral change.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saloner
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - K B Casaletto
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - G Marx
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - S Dutt
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - A B Vanden Bussche
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - M You
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - E Fox
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - J Stiver
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - J H Kramer
- a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.,b Memory and Aging Center , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
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Wynn M, Saloner R, Kramer J. BASELINE INTERLEUKIN-6 AND LONGITUDINAL PROCESSING SPEED CHANGE IN THE ELDERLY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Wynn
- Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, Berkeley, California,
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - R. Saloner
- Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, Berkeley, California,
| | - J.H. Kramer
- Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, Berkeley, California,
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Casaletto KB, Marx G, Dutt S, Neuhaus J, Saloner R, Kritikos L, Miller B, Kramer JH. Is "Learning" episodic memory? Distinct cognitive and neuroanatomic correlates of immediate recall during learning trials in neurologically normal aging and neurodegenerative cohorts. Neuropsychologia 2017; 102:19-28. [PMID: 28549937 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although commonly interpreted as a marker of episodic memory during neuropsychological exams, relatively little is known regarding the neurobehavior of "total learning" immediate recall scores. Medial temporal lobes are clearly associated with delayed recall performances, yet immediate recall may necessitate networks beyond traditional episodic memory. We aimed to operationalize cognitive and neuroanatomic correlates of total immediate recall in several aging syndromes. Demographically-matched neurologically normal adults (n=91), individuals with Alzheimer's disease (n=566), logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia (PPA) (n=34), behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (n=97), semantic variant PPA (n=71), or nonfluent/agrammatic variant PPA (n=39) completed a neurocognitive battery, including the CVLT-Short Form trials 1-4 Total Immediate Recall; a majority subset also completed a brain MRI. Regressions covaried for age and sex, and MMSE in cognitive and total intracranial volume in neuroanatomic models. Neurologically normal adults demonstrated a heterogeneous pattern of cognitive associations with total immediate recall (executive, speed, delayed recall), such that no singular cognitive or neuroanatomic correlate uniquely predicted performance. Within the clinical cohorts, there were syndrome-specific cognitive and neural associations with total immediate recall; e.g., semantic processing was the strongest cognitive correlate in svPPA (partial r=0.41), while frontal volumes was the only meaningful neural correlate in bvFTD (partial r=0.20). Medial temporal lobes were not independently associated with total immediate recall in any group (ps>0.05). Multiple neurobehavioral systems are associated with "total learning" immediate recall scores that importantly differ across distinct clinical syndromes. Conventional memory networks may not be sufficient or even importantly contribute to total immediate recall in many syndromes. Interpreting learning scores as equivalent to episodic memory may be erroneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Casaletto
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Rising Nelson Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
| | - G Marx
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Rising Nelson Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
| | - S Dutt
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Rising Nelson Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
| | - J Neuhaus
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Rising Nelson Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
| | - R Saloner
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Rising Nelson Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
| | - L Kritikos
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Rising Nelson Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
| | - B Miller
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Rising Nelson Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - J H Kramer
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Neurology, 675 Rising Nelson Lane, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
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