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Santoni S, Garel E, Gillon M, Babic M, Spangenberg JE, Bomou B, Sebag D, Adatte T, van Geldern R, Pasqualini V, Mattei A, Huneau F. The role of groundwater in CO 2 production and carbon storage in Mediterranean peatlands: An isotope geochemistry approach. Sci Total Environ 2023; 866:161098. [PMID: 36587657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands are permanent wetlands recognized for ecosystem services such as biodiversity conservation and carbon storage capacity. Little information is available about their response to global change, the reason why most Earth system climate models consider a linear increase in the release of greenhouse gases (GHG), such as CO2, with increasing temperatures. Nevertheless, numerous studies suggest that an increase in the temperature may not imply a decrease in photosynthesis and carbon storage rates if water availability is sufficient, the latter being under the control of local hydrology mechanisms. Mediterranean peatlands well illustrate this fact. Since they are groundwater-dependent, they are hydrologically resilient to the strong seasonality of hydroclimatic conditions, especially during the summer drought. In the present study, we demonstrate that, even if such peatlands release CO2 into the atmosphere, they can maintain a carbon storage capacity. To this end, a geochemical study disentangles the origin and fate of carbon within a Mediterranean peatland at the watershed scale. Field parameters, major ions, dissolved organic and inorganic carbon content and associated δ13C values allow for characterizing the seasonality of hydrochemical mechanisms and carbon input from an alluvial aquifer (where rain, river, shallow, and deep groundwater flows are mixing) to the peatland. The inorganic and organic content of peat soil and δ13C values of total organic matter and CO2 complete the dataset, making it possible to provide arguments in favour of lower organic matter oxidation compared to primary production. Overall, this study highlights the groundwater role in the fluxes of CO2 at the peatland-atmosphere interface, and more broadly the need to understand the interactions between the water and carbon cycles to build better models of the future evolution of the global climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Santoni
- Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Département d'Hydrogéologie, Campus Grimaldi, BP52, 20250 Corte, France; CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, BP52, 20250 Corte, France.
| | - E Garel
- Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Département d'Hydrogéologie, Campus Grimaldi, BP52, 20250 Corte, France; CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, BP52, 20250 Corte, France
| | - M Gillon
- Avignon Université, UMR 1114 EMMAH, INRAE, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, BP21239, 84916 Avignon, France
| | - M Babic
- Avignon Université, UMR 1114 EMMAH, INRAE, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, BP21239, 84916 Avignon, France
| | - J E Spangenberg
- University of Lausanne, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), Géopolis, 1022 Chavannes-près-Renens, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - B Bomou
- University of Lausanne, Institute of Earth Sciences (ISTE), Géopolis, 1022 Chavannes-près-Renens, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - D Sebag
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Earth Sciences and Environmental Technologies Division, 1-4 Avenue du bois Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - T Adatte
- University of Lausanne, Institute of Earth Sciences (ISTE), Géopolis, 1022 Chavannes-près-Renens, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - R van Geldern
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - V Pasqualini
- Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Département d'Hydrogéologie, Campus Grimaldi, BP52, 20250 Corte, France; CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, BP52, 20250 Corte, France
| | - A Mattei
- Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Département d'Hydrogéologie, Campus Grimaldi, BP52, 20250 Corte, France; CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, BP52, 20250 Corte, France
| | - F Huneau
- Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Département d'Hydrogéologie, Campus Grimaldi, BP52, 20250 Corte, France; CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, BP52, 20250 Corte, France
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Daesslé LW, Andrade-Tafoya PD, Lafarga-Moreno J, Mahlknecht J, van Geldern R, Beramendi-Orosco LE, Barth JAC. Groundwater recharge sites and pollution sources in the wine-producing Guadalupe Valley (Mexico): Restrictions and mixing prior to transfer of reclaimed water from the US-México border. Sci Total Environ 2020; 713:136715. [PMID: 32019047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rapid depletion of aquifers in semiarid and arid regions threatens water security. This holds true especially in emerging countries where insufficient knowledge about aquifer systems precludes the implementation of advanced management measures, such as managed aquifer recharge. This study deals with the generation of baseline knowledge for the assessment of aquifers in arid and semiarid regions where artificial recharge with reclaimed water gains increasing impetus. The Guadalupe aquifer in Baja California provides water to 57% of the Mexican wine industry. Recent plans foresee a partial replenishment of its depleted groundwater reserves by transferring treated waste water from the Mexico-USA border for irrigation. The aquifer demonstrated to have a rapid response by rising the water table of about +20 m in relation to natural recharge under an intense rainfall period of 236 mm. Two predominant recharge sources were identified based on a geochemical multi-tracer approach: (a) water of modern age (<5 yr, >1.8 TU) and mixed water of recent-submodern age (3H 0.8-1.8 TU), and (b) sub-modern waters that were recharged before 1952 (3H < 0.5 TU). Water of the first type originate in the main Guadalupe stream, which has a more depleted average δ18O isotope value (-7.8‰) than average local rainwater (-2.0‰). The stream water initially has a Na-HCO3 composition and recharges the entire Calafia zone and most groundwater along the riverbed across the valley. Water of the second type is mostly derived from hill-slope groundwater that has a stable isotope composition of mixed local rainwater and a NaCl composition. High total dissolved solids >2 g l-1 together with enriched NO3- and Se concentrations characterize groundwater in the downstream the Porvenir zone. The geochemical age of this older, hill-slope groundwater suggests that its replenishment takes at least several decades when it becomes exhausted.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Daesslé
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada-Tijuana, N° 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, C.P. 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
| | - P D Andrade-Tafoya
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada-Tijuana, N° 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, C.P. 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - J Lafarga-Moreno
- Gerencia Operativa COTAS Valle de Guadalupe A.C., Calle Principal No.20, Esquina Tercera, Francisco Zarco, C.P. 22750 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - J Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur No. 2501, Monterrey C.P. 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - R van Geldern
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - L E Beramendi-Orosco
- Laboratorio Nacional de Geoquímica y Mineralogía, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - J A C Barth
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Marx A, Hintze S, Sanda M, Jankovec J, Oulehle F, Dusek J, Vitvar T, Vogel T, van Geldern R, Barth JAC. Acid rain footprint three decades after peak deposition: Long-term recovery from pollutant sulphate in the Uhlirska catchment (Czech Republic). Sci Total Environ 2017; 598:1037-1049. [PMID: 28476077 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The granitic Uhlirska headwater catchment with a size of 1.78km2 is located in the Jizera Mountains in the northern Czech Republic and received among the highest inputs of anthropogenic acid depositions in Europe. An analysis of sulphate (SO42-) distribution in deposition, soil water, stream water and groundwater compartments allowed to establish a SO42- mass-balance (deposition input minus surface water export) and helped to evaluate which changes occurred since the last evaluation of the catchment in 1997. The determined SO42- concentrations decreased in the following order: wetland groundwater>groundwater from 20m below ground level (bgl)>groundwater from 30m bgl>stream water>groundwater from10m bgl>hillslope soil water>wetland soil water>bulk deposition with median values of 0.24, 0.21, 0.17, 0.15, 0.11, 0.07, 0.03 and 0.01mmolL-1, respectively. Our results show that average deposition reductions of 62% did not result in equal changes of the sulphate mass-balance, which changed by only 47%. This difference occurs because sulphate originates from internal sources such as the groundwater and soil water. The Uhlirska catchment is subject to delayed recovery from anthropogenic acid depositions and remains a net source of stored sulphur even after three decades of declining inputs. The wetland groundwater and soil water provide environmental memories of legacy pollutant sulphate. Elevated stream water sulphate concentrations after the unusually dry summer 2015 imply importance of weather and climate patterns for future recovery from acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marx
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - S Hintze
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Université de Neuchâtel, Centre d'Hydrogéologie et de Géothermie (CHYN), Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Suisse
| | - M Sanda
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Jankovec
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Oulehle
- Czech Geological Survey, Department of Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Klárov 3, 118 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Dusek
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Vitvar
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Vogel
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R van Geldern
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J A C Barth
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Attermeyer K, Flury S, Jayakumar R, Fiener P, Steger K, Arya V, Wilken F, van Geldern R, Premke K. Invasive floating macrophytes reduce greenhouse gas emissions from a small tropical lake. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20424. [PMID: 26846590 PMCID: PMC4742780 DOI: 10.1038/srep20424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Floating macrophytes, including water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), are dominant invasive organisms in tropical aquatic systems, and they may play an important role in modifying the gas exchange between water and the atmosphere. However, these systems are underrepresented in global datasets of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study investigated the carbon (C) turnover and GHG emissions from a small (0.6 km2) water-harvesting lake in South India and analysed the effect of floating macrophytes on these emissions. We measured carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions with gas chambers in the field as well as water C mineralization rates and physicochemical variables in both the open water and in water within stands of water hyacinths. The CO2 and CH4 emissions from areas covered by water hyacinths were reduced by 57% compared with that of open water. However, the C mineralization rates were not significantly different in the water between the two areas. We conclude that the increased invasion of water hyacinths and other floating macrophytes has the potential to change GHG emissions, a process that might be relevant in regional C budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Attermeyer
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Flury
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany.,University of Geneva, Faculty of Science, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 66, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Jayakumar
- Indo-German Centre for Sustainability (IGCS), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai 600 036, India.,Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - P Fiener
- University of Augsburg, Department of Geography, Alter Postweg 118, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - K Steger
- Indo-German Centre for Sustainability (IGCS), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai 600 036, India
| | - V Arya
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - F Wilken
- Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU), Chair of Soil Protection and Recultivation, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 6, 03013 Cottbus, Germany
| | - R van Geldern
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Premke
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
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Daesslé LW, van Geldern R, Orozco-Durán A, Barth JAC. The 2014 water release into the arid Colorado River delta and associated water losses by evaporation. Sci Total Environ 2016; 542:586-590. [PMID: 26544887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
For the first time in history, water was intentionally released for environmental purposes into the final, otherwise dry, 160-km stretch of the Colorado River basin, south of the Mexican border. Between March and May 2014 three pulses of water with a total volume of 132×10(6) m(3) were released to assess the restoration potential of endemic flora along its course and to reach its estuary. The latter had not received a sustained input of fresh water and nutrients from its main fluvial source for over 50 years because of numerous upstream dam constructions. During this pulse flow large amounts of water were lost and negligible amounts reached the ocean. While some of these water losses can be attributed to plant uptake and infiltration, we were able to quantify evaporation losses between 16.1 to 17.3% of the original water mass % within the first 80 km after the Morels Dam with water stable isotope data. Our results showed no evidence for freshwater reaching the upper Colorado River estuary and it is assumed that the pulse flow had only negligible influences on the coastal ecosystem. Future water releases that aim on ecological restoration need to become more frequent and should have larger volumes if more significant effects are to be established on the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Daesslé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, CarreteraTranspeninsular Tijuana-Ensenada No. 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, CP 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico; Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - R van Geldern
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Orozco-Durán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, CarreteraTranspeninsular Tijuana-Ensenada No. 3917, Fraccionamiento Playitas, CP 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - J A C Barth
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Engelhardt I, Barth JAC, Bol R, Schulz M, Ternes TA, Schüth C, van Geldern R. Quantification of long-term wastewater fluxes at the surface water/groundwater-interface: an integrative model perspective using stable isotopes and acesulfame. Sci Total Environ 2014; 466-467:16-25. [PMID: 23892019 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of acesulfame to trace wastewater-related surface water fluxes from streams into the hyporheic and riparian zones over long-term periods was investigated. The transport behavior of acesulfame was compared with the transport of water stable isotopes (δ(18)O or δ(2)H). A calibrated model based on a joint inversion of temperature, acesulfame, and piezometric pressure heads was employed in a model validation using data sets of acesulfame and water stable isotopes collected over 5months in a stream and groundwater. The spatial distribution of fresh water within the groundwater resulting from surface water infiltration was estimated by computing groundwater ages and compared with the predicted acesulfame plume obtained after 153day simulation time. Both, surface water ratios calculated with a mixing equation from water stable isotopes and simulated acesulfame mass fluxes, were investigated for their ability to estimate the contribution of wastewater-related surface water inflow within groundwater. The results of this study point to limitations for the application of acesulfame to trace surface water-groundwater interactions properly. Acesulfame completely missed the wastewater-related surface water volumes that still remained in the hyporheic zone under stream-gaining conditions. In contrast, under stream-losing conditions, which developed after periods of stagnating hydraulic exchange, acesulfame based predictions lead to an overestimation of the surface water volume of up to 25% in the riparian zone. If slow seepage velocities prevail a proportion of acesulfame might be stored in smaller pores, while when released under fast flowing water conditions it will travel further downstream with the groundwater flow direction. Therefore, under such conditions acesulfame can be a less-ideal tracer in the hyporheic and riparian zones and additional monitoring with other environmental tracers such as water stable isotopes is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Engelhardt
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere - IBG-3, Germany; Technical University of Darmstadt, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Germany.
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