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Aditya CR, Sattaru NC, Gopal K, Rahul R, Chandra Shekara G, Nasif O, Alharbi SA, Raghavan SS, Jayadhas SA. Machine Learning Approach for Cardiovascular Risk and Coronary Artery Calcification Score. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:2632770. [PMID: 35782065 PMCID: PMC9246606 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2632770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) could assist in the discovery of new risk elements for coronary artery disorder. CAC evaluation, on the other hand, is difficult due to the wide range of CAC in the populations. As a reason, evaluating and analysing data among research have become complicated. In the Research of Inherited Risk Factors for Coronary Atherosclerosis, we used CAC information to test the effects of different analytical methodologies on the correlation with recognized cardiovascular risk elements in asymptomatic patients. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is also seeing an increase in examinations, and machine learning (ML) could assist with the growing amount of extracted data. Furthermore, there are other sectors in cardiac CT where machine learning could be crucial, including coronary calcium scoring, perfusion, and CT angiography. The establishment of risk evaluation algorithms based on information from CAC utilizing machine learning could assist in the categorization of patients undergoing cardiovascular into distinct risk groups and effectively adapt their treatments to their unique situations. Our findings imply that for forecasting CVD occurrences in asymptomatic people, age-sex segmentation by CAC percentile rank is as effective as absolute CAC scoring. Longitudinal population-based investigations are currently underway and would offer further definitive findings. While machine learning is a strong technology with a lot of possibilities, its implementations in the domain of cardiac CAC are generally in the early stages of development and are not currently commonly accessible in medical practise because of the requirement for substantial verification. Enhanced machine learning will, however, have a significant effect on cardiovascular and coronary artery calcification in the upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Aditya
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysuru, Karnataka 570002, India
| | | | - Kumaraguruparan Gopal
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
| | - R. Rahul
- Department of Mathematics, BMS College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560019, India
| | - G. Chandra Shekara
- Department of Mathematics, BMS College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560019, India
| | - Omaima Nasif
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. S. Raghavan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health and Science Center at Tyler, Tyler 75703, TX, USA
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Rahul R, Sharma P. Identification of cadmium tolerant and sensitive genotypes of castor and their contrasting responses to cadmium treatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:16052-16065. [PMID: 34642885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Present study identified WM (T1) and DCH-177(T2) as cadmium (Cd) tolerant and GCH2 (S1) and GCH4 (S2) as Cd-sensitive genotypes of castor. Cd treatment (500 μM) led to a significant decline in leaf and root biomass, photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (C), transpiration rate (E), water use efficiency (WUE), photosynthetic pigments content, and altered chlorophyll fluorescence in S1 and S2 genotypes but no significant changes were detected in the T1 and T2 genotypes. The content of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA; stable end product of lipid peroxidation) increased significantly in S1 and S2 castor plants treated with 500 μM Cd, whereas no significant alteration was observed in T1 and T2 in comparison to their respective controls. In general, Cd tolerance is associated with its reduced accumulation. However, no significant difference in Cd accumulation in roots and leaves of S1 genotype was observed compared to T1 genotype. Significant enhancement in the concentration of redox-active metal copper (Cu) was observed in roots and leaves of 500 μM Cd-treated S1 plants but not in T1 plants. Overall, our results suggest that enhanced content of Cu, H2O2, and MDA and reduced photosynthetic parameters might be the cause of Cd sensitivity observed in the S1 genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rini Rahul
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, 835205, India
| | - Pallavi Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, 835205, India.
- Present address: Department of Environment Science and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar, 382030, India.
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Kumar KJ, Prudhvi S, Balaji K, Rahul R. Persistent diarrhea, hemolytic anemia, and splenohepatomegaly due to Vitamin B 12 deficiency in an infant. J Appl Hematol 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/joah.joah_36_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kumar MH, Deepthi DA, Singh DN, Virupakshappa B, Rahul R. Dangerous Headache: A Case of Dural Venous Sinus Thrombosis with Protein S Deficiency. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZD50-ZD52. [PMID: 28274079 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/24959.9303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dural Venous Sinus Thrombosis (DVST) is a sporadic cause of headache. DVST is a recherché complication of maxillary sinus infection. Maxillary sinusitis infection may spread directly to orbit via lamina papyracea and it is expedited by the presence veins of breschet. The authors present a clinical case of dural sinus thrombosis with protein S deficiency and also describe an effective management approach for DVST.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hari Kumar
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha University , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Angeline Deepthi
- Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajas Dental College , Tirunelvelli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Ningombam Singh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental College, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Manipur University , Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Banu Virupakshappa
- Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Educare Institute of Dental Science , Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - R Rahul
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research , Kollam, Kerala, India
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Kishore PVV, Kumar KVV, kumar DA, Prasad MVD, Goutham END, Rahul R, Krishna CBSV, Sandeep Y. Twofold processing for denoising ultrasound medical images. Springerplus 2015; 4:775. [PMID: 26697285 PMCID: PMC4678143 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound medical (US) imaging non-invasively pictures inside of a human body for disease diagnostics. Speckle noise attacks ultrasound images degrading their visual quality. A twofold processing algorithm is proposed in this work to reduce this multiplicative speckle noise. First fold used block based thresholding, both hard (BHT) and soft (BST), on pixels in wavelet domain with 8, 16, 32 and 64 non-overlapping block sizes. This first fold process is a better denoising method for reducing speckle and also inducing object of interest blurring. The second fold process initiates to restore object boundaries and texture with adaptive wavelet fusion. The degraded object restoration in block thresholded US image is carried through wavelet coefficient fusion of object in original US mage and block thresholded US image. Fusion rules and wavelet decomposition levels are made adaptive for each block using gradient histograms with normalized differential mean (NDF) to introduce highest level of contrast between the denoised pixels and the object pixels in the resultant image. Thus the proposed twofold methods are named as adaptive NDF block fusion with hard and soft thresholding (ANBF-HT and ANBF-ST). The results indicate visual quality improvement to an interesting level with the proposed twofold processing, where the first fold removes noise and second fold restores object properties. Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), normalized cross correlation coefficient (NCC), edge strength (ES), image quality Index (IQI) and structural similarity index (SSIM), measure the quantitative quality of the twofold processing technique. Validation of the proposed method is done by comparing with anisotropic diffusion (AD), total variational filtering (TVF) and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) for enhancement of US images. The US images are provided by AMMA hospital radiology labs at Vijayawada, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. V. V. Kishore
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India
| | - K. V. V. Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India
| | - D. Anil kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India
| | - M. V. D. Prasad
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India
| | - E. N. D. Goutham
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India
| | - R. Rahul
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India
| | - C. B. S. Vamsi Krishna
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India
| | - Y. Sandeep
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India
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Rahul R, Singh RK, Bera B, Devivaraprasad R, Neergat M. The role of surface oxygenated-species and adsorbed hydrogen in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) mechanism and product selectivity on Pd-based catalysts in acid media. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:15146-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00692a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Surface adsorbed species can significantly alter the catalytic activity and product selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Rahul
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)
- Mumbai
- India
| | - R. K. Singh
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)
- Mumbai
- India
| | - B. Bera
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)
- Mumbai
- India
| | - R. Devivaraprasad
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)
- Mumbai
- India
| | - M. Neergat
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)
- Mumbai
- India
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Singh RK, Rahul R, Neergat M. Stability issues in Pd-based catalysts: the role of surface Pt in improving the stability and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:13044-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50697e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Neergat M, Gunasekar V, Rahul R. Carbon-supported Pd–Fe electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and their methanol tolerance. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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