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Rashid M, Das SN, Hasan MM, Hera MFH, Rana MM, Saha R. Frequency of Hyponatremia in Adults with Acute Bacterial Meningitis. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:360-364. [PMID: 38557511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening disease. Bacterial meningitis patients are prone to develop acute hyponatremia. In the central nervous system infection hyponatremia could be due to the Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti Diuretic Hormone secretion. The frequency of hyponatremia in adults with acute bacterial meningitis patients was seen in this study. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Internal Medicine Department of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from February 2016 to July 2016. A total of 50 patients were enrolled in this study by purposive sampling. Among 50 acute bacterial meningitis patients, 33 (66%) were diagnosed as hyponatremic state. The mean serum sodium level of 33 hyponatremic bacterial meningitis cases was 130.66±2.95 mmol/L. Most of the cases (78.79%) were mild hyponatremic state (130 mmol/L-135 mmol/L) whereas 18.18% were revealed as moderate hyponatremia (125 mmol/L-129 mmol/L). Only 3.03% of cases were presented as severe cases (≤124 mmol/L). The result revealed that a large number of patients with acute bacterial meningitis were suffering from hyponatremia and in the majority of cases were mildly hyponatremic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rashid
- Dr Mamunoor Rashid, Indoor Medical Officer, Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Saha R, Bhattacharje G, De S, Das AK. Deciphering the conformational stability of MazE7 antitoxin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis from molecular dynamics simulation study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37965715 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2280675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
MazEF Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are associated with the persistent phenotype of the pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), aiding their survival. Though extensively studied, the mode of action between the antitoxin-toxin and DNA of this family remains largely unclear. Here, the important interactions between MazF7 toxin and MazE7 antitoxin, and how MazE7 binds its promoter/operator region have been studied. To elucidate this, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been performed on MazE7, MazF7, MazEF7, MazEF7-DNA, and MazE7-DNA complexes to investigate how MazF7 and DNA affect the conformational change and dynamics of MazE7 antitoxin. This study demonstrated that the MazE7 dimer is disordered and one monomer (Chain C) attains stability after binding to the MazF7 toxin. Both the monomers (Chain C and Chain D) however are stabilized when MazE7 binds to DNA. MazE7 is also observed to sterically inhibit tRNA from binding to MazF7, thus suppressing its toxic activity. Comparative structural analysis performed on all the available antitoxins/antitoxin-toxin-DNA structures revealed MazEF7-DNA mechanism was similar to another TA system, AtaRT_E.coli. Simulation performed on the crystal structures of AtaR, AtaT, AtaRT, AtaRT-DNA, and AtaR-DNA showed that the disordered AtaR antitoxin attains stability by AtaT and DNA binding similar to MazE7. Based on these analyses it can thus be hypothesized that the disordered antitoxins enable tighter toxin and DNA binding thus preventing accidental toxin activation. Overall, this study provides crucial structural and dynamic insights into the MazEF7 toxin-antitoxin system and should provide a basis for targeting this TA system in combating Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Gourab Bhattacharje
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Soumya De
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Amit Kumar Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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Saha R, Yadav A, Verma P, Srivastava MK. Atypical Presentations of Childhood Simple Partial Seizures: a Case Series. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2023; 33:95-99. [PMID: 37771216 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Childhood epilepsy can masquerade as a variety of psychiatric disorders or behavioural abnormalities. Differentiating between simple partial seizure and psychiatric disorders remains a challenge. We report on three children with simple partial seizure, each presented atypically with migraine, tingling sensations, and/or crying spells. When dealing with atypical symptomatology, clinicians should utilise a multidirectional, rather than unidirectional, diagnostic approach when making their diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saha
- Department of Psychiatry, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Yadav
- Department of Psychiatry, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - P Verma
- Department of Psychiatry, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - M K Srivastava
- Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, ABVIMS & Dr RML Hospital, Delhi, India
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Saha R, Mukherjee S, Singh B, De S, Weiss MS, Das AK. Crystal structure of a mycobacterial secretory protein Rv0398c and in silico prediction of its export pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 672:45-53. [PMID: 37336124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Secretory proteins are used by pathogenic bacteria to manipulate the host systems and compete with other microorganisms, thereby enabling their survival in their host. Similar to other bacteria, secretory proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis also play a pivotal role in evading immune response within hosts, thereby leading to acute and latent tuberculosis infection. Prokaryotes have several classes of bacterial secretory systems out of which the Sec and Tat pathways are the most conserved in Mtb to transport proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane. Here, we report the crystal structure of a secretory protein, Rv0398c determined to 1.9 Å resolution. The protein comprises a core of antiparallel β sheets surrounded by α helices adopting a unique β sandwich fold. Structural comparison with other secretory proteins in Mtb and other pathogenic bacteria reveals that Rv0398c may be secreted via the Sec pathway. Our structural and in silico analyses thus provide mechanistic insights into the pathway adopted by Mtb to transport out secretory protein, Rv0398c which will facilitate the invasion to the host immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Bina Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Soumya De
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Manfred S Weiss
- Macromolecular Crystallography, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amit Kumar Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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Saha R, Patkar S, Pillai MM, Tayalia P. Bilayered skin substitute incorporating rutin nanoparticles for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effect. Biomater Adv 2023; 150:213432. [PMID: 37119696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring in large burns and delayed healing in chronic wounds are consequences of prolonged and aggravated inflammation, sustained infiltration of immune cells, free radical generation, and abundance of inflammatory mediators. Therefore, it is imperative to curb hyperinflammation to expedite wound healing. In this study, rutin nanoparticles (RNPs) were synthesized without an encapsulant and incorporated into eggshell membrane powder-crosslinked gelatin-chitosan cryogels to impart antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for treating hyperinflammation. The resultant nanoparticles were found to be 17.53 ± 4.03 nm in size and were stable at room temperature for a month with no visible sedimentation. RNPs were found to be non-cytotoxic and exhibited anti-inflammatory (by increasing IL-10 levels) and antioxidant properties (by controlling the generation of reactive oxygen species and enhancing catalase production in human macrophages). Additionally, RNPs were found to reduce α-SMA expression in fibroblasts, thereby demonstrating their anti-scarring effect. In vivo studies with a bilayered skin substitute constituting an RNP-incorporated cryogel proved that it is biocompatible, does not induce renal toxicity, aids wound healing, and induces better re-epithelialization than the control groups at the initial stages. Thus, RNP-incorporated cryogels containing bilayered skin substitutes are an advanced and novel alternative to commercial dermo-epidermal substitutes that lack anti-inflammatory or anti-scarring properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Saha
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shivali Patkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Mamatha M Pillai
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prakriti Tayalia
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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Kashyap B, Jhanjharia S, Saha R, Gomber S. Missed phenotypic drug resistance in pediatric tuberculosis: A cause of concern in a resource-limited setting. Indian J Tuberc 2023; 70 Suppl 1:S59-S64. [PMID: 38110261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is a growing global threat. Unavailability of conventional or molecular drug susceptibility test (DST) in resource-limited settings often impede the determination of the extent of first line anti-tubercular drugs deployed in national programs. MATERIALS AND METHOD Pulmonary and extra pulmonary specimens were collected from clinically suspected pediatric TB cases, who were microbiologically confirmed. Resistance to first-line anti-TB was detected by 1% proportion method. KatG315 and inhA-15 genes were amplified by PCR and detection of mutations were done by sequencing. Genotypic resistance for rifampicin was detected by Xpert MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid Inc., Sunnyvale, California). RESULTS Fifty-one cases of pediatric tuberculosis were confirmed microbiologically. Resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, rifampicin and ethambutol were 5 (14%), 4 (11%), 2 (5.5%) and 2 (5.5%) respectively by 1% proportion method. Genotypic Rifampicin and isoniazid resistance was found in 2 (5.5%) and 7 (14%) samples respectively. CONCLUSION Existing genotypic methods, detect targeted mutations conferring rifampicin resistance, however isoniazid (INH) resistance often go undetected. Since the resistance to pivotal anti-TB drugs are often encoded by multiple genes which may not be targeted by widely available molecular tests, discrepancies in molecular and culture-based DST reports should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineeta Kashyap
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
| | - Sapna Jhanjharia
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Rituparna Saha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil Gomber
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
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Ghosh S, Basak G, Saha R, Acharya K. Bioactivity Profiling of Infusion, Decoction, and Hydroalcoholic Fraction Obtained from Wild Golden Chanterelle Mushroom, Cantharellus cibarius (Agaricomycetes). Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:23-33. [PMID: 36749054 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2022046751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cantharellus cibarius Fr. is one of the most desirable, popularly known wild edible mushrooms of the genus Cantharellus. Besides having nutritional benefits, this mushroom is reported to harbor significant medicinal potential. In present study, we describe for the first-time bioactive metabolites content and medicinal activities of three different types of extracts including infusion, decoction, and hydroalcoholic fraction from wild Cantharellus cibarius of West Bengal. Bioactive metabolites quantification revealed the phenol and flavonoids present in the range between 0.56-1.46 mg of GAE/g of dried fruit bodies and 0.12-0.29 mg of QE/g of dried fruit bodies, respectively, whereas ascorbic acid contents were also found. Antioxidant activity was assessed using six in vitro systems; decoction displayed better results in all investigated assays with EC50 values ranging between 0.05 and 0.34 mg/ml whereas hydroalcoholic extract showed highest total antioxidant capacity (18 ± 1.61 μg AAE per mg of extract) than other extracts. Moreover, infusion and decoction were found to scavenge highly reactive free radicals like hydroxyl and nitric oxide with their EC50 values ranging between 0.26 and 0.91 mg/ml. Additionally, anti-inflammatory potential of the extracts was evaluated using protein denaturation assay. Hydroalcoholic extract at a concentration range of 0.005-0.1 mg/ml showed comparatively better activity than decoction and infusion, although all the extracts presented dose dependent inhibition of heat induced protein denaturation. Altogether, the present investigation is expected to extend the existing knowledge of this species and recommended its use in pharmaceutical industries as an effective mycomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipta Ghosh
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Gouri Basak
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Rituparna Saha
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
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Ghosh S, Das S, Saha R, Acharya K. Studies of Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity in Ready-to-Drink Wild Ganoderma Teas: An In Vitro Approach. Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:53-63. [PMID: 37831512 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023050232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma is a medicinally important mushroom and has been used since ancient times. However, mostly G. lucidum has been used for therapeutic purposes, in form of tea, dietary and drug supplements but other species of Ganoderma are still remaining underexploited. This study is the first approach to valorize Ganoderma teas prepared from different wild species of Ganoderma other than G. lucidum with respect to both phytochemically and therapeutically through investigation of their phytochemical, carbohydrate contents and exploring their antioxidant activity. Phytochemical contents such as phenol and flavonoids were quantified using spectrophotometry methods. The carbohydrate content of the teas was estimated by phenol sulphuric acid method. The biochemical analysis revealed the teas contained a notable amount of phenolic compounds ranging from 19.15 to 40.2 µg GAE/mg of extract and also showed significant content of flavonoids. Further, antioxidant potential in terms of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability and total antioxidant capacity was also evaluated. According to the results, G. resinaceum tea showed better potential in scavenging DPPH (EC50 36 ug/mL) and ABTS radicals (EC50 3 9 ug/mL) whereas the least effect was shown for the tea of G. ahmedi. Therefore, tea showing the best results, i.e. G. resinaceum tea, was also analyzed for cytotoxicity on breast cancer cells. It was found that the tea made from G. resinaceum inhibited cellular growth and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with maximum growth inhibition (61%) observed at the highest concentration of 2.3 mg/mL. The presence of a greater quantity of carbohydrates in G. resinaceum tea also justified the remarkable anticancer potential of the tea. Overall, our findings indicated that a few wild species of Ganoderma other than G. lucidum have great potential to be valued as a healthy beverage with immense therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipta Ghosh
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India; School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, India
| | - Sristi Das
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Rituparna Saha
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
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Saha R, Bhattacharya D, Mukhopadhyay M. Advances in modified antimicrobial peptides as marine antifouling material. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Saha R, Mukhopadhyay M. Time-dependent electrochemical characteristics of a phenolic and non-phenolic compound in the presence of laccase/ABTS system. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275338. [PMID: 36170267 PMCID: PMC9518846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The laccase/ABTS system has found several industrial applications ranging from biodeterioration to biodegradation and bioremediation. However, the capability of the laccase/ABTS system varies depending upon the type of substrate used. Voltammetric studies involving two widely used substrates, i.e., veratryl alcohol (VA) and alkali lignin (AL), were performed to gain new insight into the electrochemical behavior of the reactions. The individual electrochemical reactions established the differential nature of the two compounds over a concentration range, along with the mediator ABTS producing a distinguishing effect on their oxidative reactions, which was further studied over a 12hour period. It was followed by the reaction of both the compounds against the laccase/ABTS system that helped verify the role of the enzyme and the mediator in the electron transfer process and elucidate the mediated oxidations carried out by laccase against the phenolic and non-phenolic substrate through the process of cyclic voltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, JIS University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mainak Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, JIS University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Infections are a leading cause of mortality and amputations among patients with burns and chronic wounds, respectively. Moreover, the extensive use of antibiotics has led to the rapid spreading of drug resistance among microorganisms. Alternatively, plant-derived natural products, which have been used as traditional therapies for several centuries, are recently gaining popularity as they are relatively affordable and easily available in many developing countries where modern medications are expensive or unavailable. In this study, clove essential oil is used for its antimicrobial property and is further incorporated into cryogels to increase its bioavailability and prolong its bioactivity. The oil-incorporated cryogels are macroporous, biodegradable, possess mechanical properties similar to commercial skin substitutes, are cytocompatible, antibacterial, and allow long-term sustained release of oil for up to at least 14 days. Additionally, clove oil aids the faster closure of in vitro scratch wounds by improving the migration of fibroblasts. This work presents a novel, bioactive scaffold that has the potential to be used as a dermal substitute and serves as an alternative to commercial skin substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Saha
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prakriti Tayalia
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Kashyap B, Saha R, Saini V, Singh NP. Conventional versus reverse testing algorithm for syphilis in high-risk population: A diagnostic dilemma. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2022; 43:233-234. [PMID: 36743102 PMCID: PMC9890993 DOI: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_23_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bineeta Kashyap
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Rituparna Saha
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Saini
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Narendra Pal Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
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Tayal A, Singh NP, Rai S, Gupta K, Gupta A, Agarwal AN, Saha R, Kaur IR. First study on detection of cryptic resistance to linezolid among clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2022; 40:384-388. [PMID: 35667921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Linezolid is an oral antibiotic which is widely used for serious infections caused by Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). With emergence of vancomycin MIC creep among clinical strains of MRSA, it is essential to know the possible emergence of subclinical resistance against linezolid as well. With this background, we aimed to detect evident (phenotypic) and cryptic (hidden or genotypic) linezolid resistance among MRSA isolates. METHODS 250 clinical isolates of MRSA were collected and their susceptibility patterns were determined. Every third MRSA isolate was subjected to PCR for domain V of the 23S rRNA for the mutation hotspot in the 746bp segment which harbors the classical mutation for linezolid resistance. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism was done to confirm presence of the G2576U mutation. RESULTS Six isolates (2.4%) were phenotypically resistant to linezolid. Among these six LRSA isolates, 5 demonstrated the G2576U mutation by PCR - RFLP. Cryptic resistance to Linezolid was identified in two isolates among linezolid susceptible isolates. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, hidden resistance to linezolid was observed in linezolid susceptible clinical isolates. Emergence of resistance against over-the-counter drugs like linezolid is major challenge. Identification of cryptic resistance among patients implies impending resistance to linezolid. Judicious use of antimicrobials, application of strict infection control practices and prescription audit needs to be made mandatory to preserve such drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Tayal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
| | - Narendra Pal Singh
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
| | - Sumit Rai
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
| | - Kavita Gupta
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
| | - Arun Gupta
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
| | - Aditya Nath Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
| | - Rituparna Saha
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
| | - Iqbal Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.
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Saha R, Ryan D, Hanrahan E, Dodd JD. Early detection of recurrent lung cancer: Enhancing-nodule in post-radiation fibrosis. Acta Radiol Open 2022; 11:20584601211072280. [PMID: 35083064 PMCID: PMC8785316 DOI: 10.1177/20584601211072280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of lung cancer recurrence on imaging is critical for better clinical prognosis. The ‘enhancing nodule in post-radiation fibrosis sign’ is an important sign which helps detect recurrent lung cancer early on CT chest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Saha
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Ryan
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer Hanrahan
- Department of Oncology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonathan D Dodd
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Saha R, Ryan DT, McVeigh N, Garvey JF, Ryan S, Murphy DJ, Fabre A, McCarthy C, Keane MP, Dodd JD. Unclassifiable interstitial lung disease on HRCT: aggressive progressive disease with macrocystic lung destruction. QJM 2022; 114:812-814. [PMID: 34002222 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Saha
- From the Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D T Ryan
- From the Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - N McVeigh
- From the Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J F Garvey
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - S Ryan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Irelandand
| | - D J Murphy
- From the Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Irelandand
| | - A Fabre
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Irelandand
- Department of Histopathology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - C McCarthy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Irelandand
| | - M P Keane
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Irelandand
| | - J D Dodd
- From the Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Irelandand
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16
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Ghosh T, Saha R, Roy A, Misra S, Raghuwanshi NS. AI-Based Communication-as-a-Service for Network Management in Society 5.0. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsm.2021.3119531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Saha R, Patkar S, Maniar D, Pillai MM, Tayalia P. A bilayered skin substitute developed using an eggshell membrane crosslinked gelatin-chitosan cryogel. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:7921-7933. [PMID: 34698739 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01194d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Commercially available allografts and xenografts pose problems such as high cost, risk of infection transmission and immune rejection of grafts. Thus, bioengineered skin substitutes fabricated from natural biomaterials or synthetic polymers are currently the focus of skin tissue engineering. In this study, eggshell membrane (ESM) powder was used to crosslink a gelatin-chitosan cryogel thereby replacing glutaraldehyde, a known cytotoxic chemical crosslinker. The resultant ESM-crosslinked macroporous cryogel with a pore size ranging between 10 and 350 μm has improved flexibility, biodegradability and biocompatibility compared to a glutaraldehyde-crosslinked cryogel. For healing of large and deep wounds, bilayered scaffolds which exhibit key aspects of skin physiology are being explored. Hence, we fabricated a bilayered substitute by coupling the ESM-crosslinked cryogel (dermal equivalent) to a non-porous, physically-crosslinked gelatin-chitosan film (epidermal equivalent). The epidermal layer provides the requisite barrier properties while the dermal layer facilitates cell attachment and migration for optimal wound healing. Further, chitosan confers antibacterial properties to the cryogel with almost 50% reduction in bacterial viability. Animal studies confirm that the developed bilayered skin substitute is non-allergic, aids wound healing by improving re-epithelialization within 14 days and supports the formation of skin appendages. This system presents a new and alternative treatment option for burn and chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Saha
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Shivali Patkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Drishti Maniar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Mamatha M Pillai
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Prakriti Tayalia
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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18
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Kashyap B, Saha R, Saini V, Grover C, Singh NP. Utility of a rapid point of care test for screening of syphilis among high-risk and low-risk population at a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2021; 42:83-85. [PMID: 34765947 PMCID: PMC8579593 DOI: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bineeta Kashyap
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Rituparna Saha
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Saini
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Chander Grover
- Department of Dermatology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Narendra Pal Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
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19
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Kashyap B, Jhamb R, Saha R, Prasad P. The Trend of Device-Associated Hospital Acquired Infections in an Adult Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Need to Revamp Preventive Strategies. Hosp Pract Res 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/hpr.2021.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Device-associated infections (DAIs) like ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), central-line-associated blood stream infections (CLABSI), and catheter-related urinary tract Infection (CAUTI) constitute predominant healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in intensive care units (ICUs). Objectives: The study aims to elucidate their trends in an adult ICU. Methods: Over 21 months, monthly VAP, CLABSI, and CAUTI rate, and device utilization ratios were calculated in an adult ICU of a tertiary care hospital as part of routine surveillance activity. All cases of VAP, CLABSI, and CAUTI during these 21 months were included. In addition, monthly hand hygiene compliance rates were assessed during the latter period of the study by direct observation method. Results: Nosocomial DAI rate was 49.38 DAI/1000 ICU days. CAUTI, CLABSI, and VAP rates were 17.38, 26.85, 21.08 per 1000 device days, and device utilization ratios were 0.99, 0.61, and 0.02, respectively. Conclusion: The institute had high DAI rates in comparison to other studies from the same city. The declining trend of CAUTI rates roughly coincided with surveillance for hand hygiene compliance in ICU. Thus, it establishes baseline data and underscores the need for focused HIC to maximize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineeta Kashyap
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Rajat Jhamb
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Rituparna Saha
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Pratima Prasad
- Hospital Infection Control Committee, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
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20
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Muduli PR, Kumar A, Kanuri VV, Mishra DR, Acharya P, Saha R, Biswas MK, Vidyarthi AK, Sudhakar A. Water quality assessment of the Ganges River during COVID-19 lockdown. Int J Environ Sci Technol (Tehran) 2021; 18:1645-1652. [PMID: 33758592 PMCID: PMC7970803 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-021-03245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ganges River water quality was assessed to record the changes due to the nation-wide pandemic lockdown. Satellite-based (Sentinel-2) water quality analysis before and during lockdown was performed for seven selected locations spread across the entire stretch of the Ganges (Rishikesh-Dimond Harbour). Results revealed that due to the lockdown, the water quality of the Ganges improved with reference to specific water quality parameters, but the improvements were region specific. Along the entire stretch of Ganges, only the Haridwar site showed improvement to an extent of being potable as per the threshold set by the Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi, India. A 55% decline in turbidity at that site during the lockdown was attributed to the abrupt halt in pilgrimage activities. Absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter which is an indicator of organic pollution declined all along the Ganges stretch with a maximum decline at the downstream location of Diamond Harbour. Restricted discharge of industrial effluent, urban pollution, sewage from hotels, lodges, and spiritual dwellings along the Ganges are some of the reasons behind such declines. No significant change in the geographic trend of chlorophyll-a was observed. The findings of this study highlight the importance of regular monitoring of the changes in the Ganges water quality using Sentinel-2 data to further isolate the anthropogenic impact, as India continues the phase-wise opening amidst the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. R. Muduli
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, 752030 India
| | - A. Kumar
- Department of Geography, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA
| | - V. V. Kanuri
- Eastern Regional Directorate (ERD), Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, National Ganga River Basin Authority, Central Pollution Control Board, 5th and 6th floor, Southend conclave, Rajdanga Main Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700107 India
| | - D. R. Mishra
- Department of Geography, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA
| | - P. Acharya
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, 752030 India
| | - R. Saha
- Eastern Regional Directorate (ERD), Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, National Ganga River Basin Authority, Central Pollution Control Board, 5th and 6th floor, Southend conclave, Rajdanga Main Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700107 India
| | - M. K. Biswas
- Eastern Regional Directorate (ERD), Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, National Ganga River Basin Authority, Central Pollution Control Board, 5th and 6th floor, Southend conclave, Rajdanga Main Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700107 India
| | - A. K. Vidyarthi
- Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, New Delhi, India
| | - A. Sudhakar
- Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, New Delhi, India
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21
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Saha R, Feng C, Welch C, Mehl GH, Feng J, Zhu C, Gleeson J, Sprunt S, Jákli A. The interplay between spatial and heliconical orientational order in twist-bend nematic materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4055-4063. [PMID: 33587066 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06633h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The helical pitch formed by organic molecules, such as the α-helix of proteins, usually requires hydrogen bonding between chiral units and long-range positional order. It was recently found that certain liquid crystal oligomers can have a twist-bend nematic (NTB) phase with nanoscale heliconical structure without hydrogen bonding, molecular chirality or positional order. To understand the nature of this unique structure, here we present hard and resonant tender X-ray scattering studies of two novel sulfur containing dimer materials. We simultaneously measure the temperature dependences of the helical pitch and the correlation length of both the helical and positional order. In addition to an unexpected strong variation of the pitch with the length of the spacer connecting the monomer units, we find that at the transition to the NTB phase the positional correlation length drops. The helical structure was found not only in the NTB phase but observed even in the upper range of a smectic phase that forms just below the NTB state. The coexistence of smectic layering and the heliconical order indicates a layered (SmATB) phase wherein the rigid units of the dimers are tilted with respect to the smectic layer normal in order to accommodate the bent conformation of the dimers and the tilt direction rotates along the heliconical axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saha
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
| | - C Feng
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C Welch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - G H Mehl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - J Feng
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - J Gleeson
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
| | - S Sprunt
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA. and Materials Science Graduate Program, Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - A Jákli
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA. and Materials Science Graduate Program, Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
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22
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Kashyap B, Jhamb R, Saha R, Prasad P, Singh NP. Feasibility of direct observation and consumption method for hand hygiene compliance in an intensive care unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital. Indian J Med Spec 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_165_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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23
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Kashyap B, Saha R, Singh N, Singha K. Protective antibody levels against hepatitis B among serodiagnosed syphilis cases: Need to integrate national control programs with immunization guidelines? Indian J Med Spec 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_103_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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24
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Mondal E, Khan MM, Hossain MI, Moshwan MM, Saha R, Das SN, Moniruzzaman M. The Pattern of Lipid Profile in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:48-55. [PMID: 33397850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a common problem in chronic kidney disease patients. Dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease patients has been known to be a major risk factor of their cardiovascular disease and may contribute to progressive renal dysfunction. The result of the study might be of interest in improving preventive strategies and in management of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease patients. This cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate changes in lipid profile in patients with chronic kidney disease stage-3 to stage-5 patients and to correlate the biochemical abnormalities with progression of the disease in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh from October, 2016 to April, 2017. In this study 200 patients were including and subjected to do complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, random blood sugar, routine examination of urine, serum creatinine and fasting lipid profile. Two hundred (200) patients (134 males, 66 females) with the mean age were 50.5±12.43 years. 44.5% patients were in CKD stage-5, 37.5% patients were in CKD stage-4, 18% patients were in CKD stage-3. Mean value of Triglyceride (TG) was 194±47.20. Eighty nine percent (89%) patient had hyper-triglyceridemia and 11% had normal triglyceride level. It was statistically significant increased in triglyceride level (p<0.05). Mean value of High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was 34±6.10. Low HDL-C had in 87.5% patients, normal in 12.5% patients and was statistically significant reduction in HDL-C level (p<0.05). Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) mean was 113±35.6. High level of LDL-C had optimal/or near optimal in 47% patients, 39% patients had borderline high and 14% patients had that was not statistically significant (p>0.10). Total cholesterol (TC) mean was 212±45.3. In 38% patients had within desirable level, 62% patients had high level of Total cholesterol (TC). It was not statistically significant change (p>0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mondal
- Dr Ershad Mondal, Indoor Medical Officer, Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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25
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Gupta S, Singh M, Vora A, Babu G, Walia M, Nautial V, Saha R, Smruti BK, Sharma JB, Koul R, Parikh PM, Aggarwal S. Practical consensus recommendations on duration of adjuvant hormonal therapy in breast cancer. South Asian J Cancer 2020; 7:142-145. [PMID: 29721482 PMCID: PMC5909293 DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_122_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimization of adjuvant systemic therapy in women with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer includes the consideration of chemotherapy and duration of hormone therapy. Adjuvant hormonal therapy significantly improves long-term survival of breast cancer patients with hormone receptor-positive disease. Despite the proven clinical efficacy of tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors, many breast cancer survivors either fail to take the correct dosage at the prescribed frequency (adherence) or discontinue therapy (persistence). Expert oncologist discussed on the duration of adjuvant hormonal therapy for improvement of OS and quality of life of breast cancer patients by providing reduction in recurrence and mortality. This expert group used data from published literature, practical experience and opinion of a large group of academic oncologists to arrive at this practical consensus recommendations for the benefit of community oncologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mahaveer Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Amish Vora
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hope Clinic, New Delhi, India
| | - G Babu
- Department of Medical Oncology, KMIO, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - M Walia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Max Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - V Nautial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jolly Grant Himalayan Institute, Dehradoon, Uttarakhand, India
| | - R Saha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Max Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - B K Smruti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bombay Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - J B Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Action Balajee Cancer Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - R Koul
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Purvish M Parikh
- Department of Oncology, Shalby Cancer and Research Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Aggarwal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
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26
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Lamarre Y, Aich A, Islam M, Scianni J, Pinto A, Tavassi A, Elion J, Nemer W, Saha R, Kashima S, Covas D. LEVERAGING PLASMA-DERIVED EXOSOMES FOR BIOMARKER DISCOVERY IN SICKLE CELL DISEASE: PREPARATION FOR A LARGE PROSPECTIVE STUDY. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2020.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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27
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Saha R, Ray D, Roy A, Acharya K. Contribution to the macromycetes of West Bengal, India: 63–68. J Threat Taxa 2020. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.4964.12.14.17014-17023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
West Bengal, a significant landmass of eastern India with its varied topography, edaphic, and climatic conditions facilitates diversified forest types and conducive microhabitats for a wide array of macro-fungal wealth and the members of Aphyllophorales in particular. Detailed macro-microscopic characterizations and chemical reactions were performed to systematically identify the specimens using standard key and literatures. Six members of Aphyllophorales collected from different parts of West Bengal, India and four species belonging to the family Polyporaceae [Hexagonia tenuis (Fr.) Fr., Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fr., P. tricholoma Mont. and Lenzites elegans (Spreng.) Pat.] were identified, and a single species was identified under Meripiliaceae [Physisporinus lineatus (Pers.) F. Wu, Jia J. Chen & Y.C. Dai] and Meruliaceae [Bjerkandera fumosa (Pers.) P. Karst.]. The detailed description along with field and herbarium photographs, macro-morphology, and microscopic features of six species are provided in this article.
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28
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Datta D, Saha R, Ghorai AK. Conservation Agriculture and Resource Management Under Jute (<i>Corchorus spp.</i>) based Cropping Systems in Eastern India. CURR SCI INDIA 2020. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v119/i6/926-933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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29
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Williamson A, Roberts MT, Phillips J, Saha R. Early percutaneous tracheostomy for patients with COVID-19. Anaesthesia 2020; 76:138-139. [PMID: 32652565 PMCID: PMC7405139 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - R Saha
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow, UK
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30
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Saha R, Mukhopadhyay M. Elucidation of the decolorization of Congo Red by Trametes versicolor laccase in presence of ABTS through cyclic voltammetry. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 135:109507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Kashyap B, Saha R, Sarkar K, Singh N. Comparative analysis of rheumatoid factor levels by immune turbidimetry and latex agglutination assays among anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide-positive rheumatoid arthritis patients. Indian J Med Spec 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_104_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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32
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Garg D, Das S, Radhika AG, Raizada A, Gaurav V, Saha R, Sonthalia S, Tigga RA. Aetiological Pattern of Vulvovaginal Infections in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic HIV Seropositive Women on Antiretroviral Therapy. J Clin Diagn Res 2020. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2020/44998.14084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes severe public health problems. Despite the use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), opportunistic infections remain a serious problem in HIV infection. HIV seropositive women are at a higher risk of acquiring Vulvovaginal Infections (VVI), compared to their HIV seronegative counterparts. Also, the large untreated asymptomatic populations remain a source for transmitting agent. Aim: To identify the occurrence of vaginitis in symptomatic and asymptomatic HIV seropositive women. Materials and Methods: HIV seropositive female patients (60 symptomatic and 60 asymptomatic for vulvovaginitis) in the reproductive age group of 18-60 years were screened for their vaginal flora in a tertiary care hospital in East Delhi, India. Wet mount, Gram stain, and culture were performed to screen the samples for vaginitis. Asymptomatic samples were processed to check for asymptomatic VVI. Nugent and Amsel’s score were calculated for Bacterial Vaginitis (BV), and Donders classification was used for Aerobic Vaginitis (AV). Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) was used for fungal cultures, and Fluconazole and Voriconazole sensitivity was tested. The descriptive analysis of compiled data with Chi-square tests where applicable to compare differences between proportions was done. Results: As per the Nugent's score, 90% of symptomatic and 86.66% asymptomatic HIV reactive females had BV. Nugent scoring was found to be a better diagnostic criterion for BV. AV was observed in 33.33% asymptomatic patients. Candida albicans (C.albicans)was the most common agent isolated from 68.75% of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) cases. Dual infection of BV and Candidiasis was reported to be 18.33% in symptomatic and 15% in asymptomatic HIV seropositive females. Conclusion: In the present study, despite Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), attendees manifested significantly with BV infection in both groups. VVC due to C. albicans was also predominant in both groups. Co-infection with BV and VVC was the highlight of this study as dual infections of BV and AV remain under-diagnosed as per Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) syndromic management protocols. The clinicians need to identify AV as a separate entity as treatment modalities are essentially different.
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Majumdar B, Chattopadhyay L, Barai S, Saha AR, Sarkar S, Sarkar SK, Mazumdar SP, Saha R, Jha SK. Impact of conventional retting of jute (Corchorus spp.) on the environmental quality of water: a case study. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:440. [PMID: 31203473 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Production of quality jute fibre primarily depends on the retting process of jute. However, the quality of retting water is of great concern because of the scarcity of available water bodies for retting. A study conducted on physico-chemical and microbiological changes in retting water (pre- and post-retting) from four intensively jute-growing districts namely Nadia, North 24 Parganas, Hooghly and South Dinajpur of West Bengal, India, during jute retting. The post-retting water samples recorded lower pH (6.22 to 7.08) and higher EC (electrical conductivity) (0.509 to 0.850 ds/m) compared with pre-retting water samples (pH 6.63 to 7.44; EC 0.197 to 0.330 ds/m) collected from all the four districts under study. The biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased several folds in the post-retting water samples indicating very high microbial growth and activities and depleted oxygen level compared with pre-retting water. The Ca + Mg (calcium + magnesium) content in pre-retting water was high (24.15 to 36.60 ppm) which raised further (61.30 to 103.67 ppm) in post-retting water, while the bicarbonate content also increased and ranged between 2.72 and 6.81 me/l in post-retting water compared with its status in pre-retting water (1.30 to 3.15 me/l). The post-retting water was found to be a rich source of nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) which increased substantially because of jute retting as compared with their status in pre-retting water. The population of pectinolytic, xylanolytic, cellulolytic and ligninolytic bacterial cfu (colony forming unit) increased by 1.5 times in post-retting water as compared with pre-retting water, because these specific bacterial population were involved in the degradation of pectin, xylan, cellulose and lignin during retting of jute. Thus, post-retting water can be judiciously used as a potent source of primary, secondary and micronutrients for succeeding crops besides having higher BOD and COD as a result of higher microbial growth related to jute retting.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Majumdar
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India.
| | - Lipi Chattopadhyay
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India
| | - Shrestha Barai
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India
| | - A R Saha
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India
| | - S Sarkar
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India
| | - S K Sarkar
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India
| | - S P Mazumdar
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India
| | - R Saha
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India
| | - S K Jha
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 120, India
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Saha R, Roychoudhury S, Kar K, Varghese A, Nandi P, Sharma G, Formicki G, Slama P, Kolesarova A. Coenzyme Q10 ameliorates cadmium induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Physiol Res 2019; 68:141-145. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the protective role of CoQ10 against cadmium (Cd)-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to an acute dose of Cd (25 mg/kg bwt; Cd group), Cd+CoQ10 (25 mg/kg bwt Cd+10 mg CoQ10; Cd-Q10 group) and distilled water (control) in vivo for 15 consecutive days and semen quality was assessed. A significant reduction was noted in sperm concentration, progressive motility, morphology and DNA integrity in both Cd- and Cd-Q10 groups in comparison to control indicating Cd-induced testicular lipid per oxidation (LPO) and decline in indigenous antioxidant defense system as measured by total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (p<0.05). However, simultaneous co-administration of CoQ10 along with Cd (Cd-Q10 group) was able to improve sperm concentration, motility, progressive motility, morphology, DNA integrity, and testicular TAC as well as lower LPO compared to Cd group (p<0.05). Results indicate that used dose of CoQ10 is capable of moderately ameliorating reproductive toxicity of Cd by improving semen quality and reducing testicular oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Saha
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - S. Roychoudhury
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - K. Kar
- Mediland Hospital and Research Centre, Itkhola, Silchar, India
| | | | - P. Nandi
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, India
| | - G.D. Sharma
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee University, Bilaspur, India
| | - G. Formicki
- Department of Zoology of Vertebrates, Institution of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland
| | - P. Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A. Kolesarova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Abstract
The present paper deals with the report of six poroid woody macro fungi belonging to the family Ganodermataceae from West Bengal in India. The taxonomic account of these collected fungi is represented herein with detailed macro- and micro-morphological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Bhatia
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - R Saha
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Singh NP, Choudhury DD, Gupta K, Rai S, Batra P, Manchanda V, Saha R, Kaur I. Predictors for gut colonization of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit. Am J Infect Control 2018; 46:e31-e35. [PMID: 29803234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the emergence of carbapenem-resistant isolates, the therapeutic alternatives have become limited. Various factors are responsible for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) gut colonization. This study was conducted to determine predictors for CRE gut colonization in neonates who were hospital delivered and admitted in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS Three rectal swabs were collected from 300 hospital-delivered and NICU-admitted neonates (likely to stay for >3 days). The data collected for the possible risk factors for CRE gut colonization were namely mode of delivery, prolonged rupture of membrane >18 hours, period of gestation, birth weight, meconium-stained liquor, ventilation, intravenous catheter, nasogastric (NG) tube, NG feeding, breastfeeding, katori spoon feeding, top feeding, expressed breastmilk, antibiotics administration, and duration of hospitalization. P < .05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 26 cases of CRE were isolated from 300 neonates. Statistically significant risk factors were found to be NG tube, breastfeeding, NG feeding, top feeding, expressed breastmilk, ventilation, antibiotic administration, and duration of hospitalization. Top feeding and antibiotics administration were identified as 2 independent risk factors by multiple logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS Active surveillance of cultures from hospitalized patients and implementation of preventive efforts can reduce the risk of CRE.
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Verma P, Saha R, Chaira D. Waste steel scrap to nanostructured powder and superior compact through powder metallurgy: Powder generation, processing and characterization. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Saha R, Majumdar B, Mazumdar S, Barman D, Bhattacharyya P. Soil quality assessment using soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and microbial properties in hilly agro-ecosystem. Appl Biol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-4517.2018.00001.0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Das S, Majumdar B, Saha AR, Sarkar S, Jha SK, Sarkar SK, Saha R. Comparative Study of Conventional and Improved Retting of Jute with Microbial Formulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-017-0872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kumar A, Somasundaram J, Biswas A, Sinha NK, Mishra V, Chaudhary R, Mohanty M, Hati K, Saha R, Patra A. Short-term effect of conservation agriculture practices on soil quality of a vertisol in central India. Appl Biol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-4517.2017.00004.0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Saha R, Chowdhury AR, Banerjee S. Diabetic Retinopathy Related Lesions Detection and Classification Using Machine Learning Technology. Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39384-1_65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Mondal RK, Dhibar S, Mukherjee P, Chattopadhyay AP, Saha R, Dey B. Selective picomolar level fluorometric sensing of the Cr(vi)-oxoanion in a water medium by a novel metal–organic complex. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12819j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective picomolar level fluorometric sensing of the Cr(vi)-oxoanion in a water medium has been achieved by a novel metal–organic complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. K. Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati University
- Santiniketan-731235
- India
| | - S. Dhibar
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati University
- Santiniketan-731235
- India
| | - P. Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati University
- Santiniketan-731235
- India
| | | | - R. Saha
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700032
- India
| | - B. Dey
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati University
- Santiniketan-731235
- India
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Thomas R, Jebin N, Saha R, Sarma D. Antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of kordoi ( Averrhoa carambola ) fruit juice and bamboo ( Bambusa polymorpha ) shoot extract in pork nuggets. Food Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Barua M, Das S, Gupta C, Saha R, Kaur IR. Plasmid profile and antibiogram of Enterococcal faecalis isolated from tertiary care hospital in Delhi. Indian J Med Microbiol 2016; 34:109-10. [PMID: 26776133 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.174105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S Das
- Department of Microbiology, UCMS and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Bhatia MS, Srivastava S, Gautam P, Saha R, Kaur J. Burden Assessment, Psychiatric Morbidity, and Their Correlates in Caregivers of Patients with Intellectual Disability. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2015; 25:159-163. [PMID: 26764290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intellectual disability in a child places great stress on a family and caregiver and this leads to significant socio-occupational dysfunction and impaired quality of life for caregivers. This study aimed to assess socio-demographic characteristics, burden, and psychiatric morbidity of the caregivers of persons with intellectual disability, as well as to determine the variables that correlated with burden and psychiatric morbidity. METHODS An observational study was carried out in an outpatient psychiatric unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital in India from October 2014 to April 2015. A total of 100 caregivers of intellectually impaired individuals were assessed for burden and psychiatric morbidity. RESULTS In all, 39% of the caregivers had a high burden score, 46% perceived mild-to-moderate burden severity, and 15% perceived no to mild burden. Mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms were present in 23% and 16% had severe-to-extremely severe depressive symptoms. Mild-to-moderate anxiety symptoms were evident in 19% of caregivers and a further 19% had severe-to-extremely severe anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION Routine assessment of burden and psychiatric morbidity in the caregiver will help to reduce their burden and thus help them care for their children more appropriately and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Bhatia
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - S Srivastava
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - P Gautam
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - R Saha
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - J Kaur
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
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Abstract
Background: An outfall of urbanization in developing countries has been the mushrooming of slums where dwellers live in pitiable environmental conditions representing the lowest rung of social strata. This group is more vulnerable to practicing deleterious social habits, including tobacco and alcohol abuse. Aim: The present study was undertaken to understand the strength of association between risk factors suspected of causing oral precancer among slum dwellers in Delhi. Subjects and Methods: A house-to-house survey was conducted in an urban slum cluster situated in the heart of Delhi city by a single trained investigator who recorded oral mucosal lesions according to WHO criteria. Demographic details and history of suspected risk factors was recorded by personal interview of each subject. The obtained data was coded, cleaned, and analyzed manually. Chi-square test was applied and Odds’ ratios were calculated to analyze the association of risk factors with oral precancer. A statistically significant difference was set at 95% confidence interval. Results: A total of 479 subjects of both sexes were examined and 31 cases clinically diagnosed as having oral precancer, of which majority were leukoplakia. All cases except one reported practicing habits that are known risk factors for oral precancer, i.e., smoking/smokeless tobacco, chewing betel leaf/nut, and combination of these habits with alcohol. Association of oral precancer with smokeless tobacco was higher than that with smoking or chewing betel leaf/nut alone. Conclusion: Practicing combination of habits with alcohol was found to be the most strongly associated risk factor for oral precancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goel
- Rajasthan Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - P Goel
- Dental Wing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - S Mishra
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - R Saha
- Department of Statistics, Ma ulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Na Torwane
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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