YAP/TAZ-Dependent Reprogramming of Colonic Epithelium Links ECM Remodeling to Tissue Regeneration.
Cell Stem Cell 2017;
22:35-49.e7. [PMID:
29249464 PMCID:
PMC5766831 DOI:
10.1016/j.stem.2017.11.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration requires dynamic cellular adaptation to the wound environment. It is currently unclear how this is orchestrated at the cellular level and how cell fate is affected by severe tissue damage. Here we dissect cell fate transitions during colonic regeneration in a mouse dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model, and we demonstrate that the epithelium is transiently reprogrammed into a primitive state. This is characterized by de novo expression of fetal markers as well as suppression of markers for adult stem and differentiated cells. The fate change is orchestrated by remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM), increased FAK/Src signaling, and ultimately YAP/TAZ activation. In a defined cell culture system recapitulating the extracellular matrix remodeling observed in vivo, we show that a collagen 3D matrix supplemented with Wnt ligands is sufficient to sustain endogenous YAP/TAZ and induce conversion of cell fate. This provides a simple model for tissue regeneration, implicating cellular reprogramming as an essential element.
The repairing epithelium can be isolated based on Sca1 expression
Markers upregulated during tissue repair are expressed in the fetal intestine
Mechano-transduction via FAK, Src, and YAP/TAZ facilitate efficient tissue repair
YAP/TAZ activation is required and sufficient to induce cellular reprogramming
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