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Brancaccio R, Albertin F, Seracini M, Bettuzzi M, Morigi MP. A Geometric Feature-Based Algorithm for the Virtual Reading of Closed Historical Manuscripts. J Imaging 2023; 9:230. [PMID: 37888337 PMCID: PMC10607176 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), a commonly used technique in a wide variety of research fields, nowadays represents a unique and powerful procedure to discover, reveal and preserve a fundamental part of our patrimony: ancient handwritten documents. For modern and well-preserved ones, traditional document scanning systems are suitable for their correct digitization, and, consequently, for their preservation; however, the digitization of ancient, fragile and damaged manuscripts is still a formidable challenge for conservators. The X-ray tomographic approach has already proven its effectiveness in data acquisition, but the algorithmic steps from tomographic images to real page-by-page extraction and reading are still a difficult undertaking. In this work, we propose a new procedure for the segmentation of single pages from the 3D tomographic data of closed historical manuscripts, based on geometric features and flood fill methods. The achieved results prove the capability of the methodology in segmenting the different pages recorded starting from the whole CT acquired volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Brancaccio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Augusto Righi”, University of Bologna, 6/2, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (R.B.); (M.B.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Fauzia Albertin
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics & Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, CHNet, Division of Bologna, Via Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Seracini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Augusto Righi”, University of Bologna, 6/2, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (R.B.); (M.B.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Matteo Bettuzzi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Augusto Righi”, University of Bologna, 6/2, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (R.B.); (M.B.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Maria Pia Morigi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy “Augusto Righi”, University of Bologna, 6/2, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (R.B.); (M.B.); (M.P.M.)
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Albertin F, Ruberto C, Cucci C, Callieri M, Potenziani M, Siotto E, Pingi P, Scopigno R, Bettuzzi M, Brancaccio R, Morigi MP, Castelli L, Taccetti F, Picollo M, Stefani L, de Vita F. "Ecce Homo" by Antonello da Messina, from non-invasive investigations to data fusion and dissemination. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15868. [PMID: 34354126 PMCID: PMC8342594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific investigations of artworks are crucial in terms of preservation since they provide a measurable evaluation of the materials and the state of conservation. This is the case of Antonello da Messina's painting "Ecce Homo": its delicate state of conservation, with the need for constant monitoring, required a broad and in-depth diagnostic campaign to support the restorers. The project was carried out entirely in situ using non-invasive cutting-edge techniques and proposes a multimodal and data-centric approach, integrating 3D and 2D methodologies. The surface irregularities and the support were analysed with a structured-light 3D scanner and X-ray tomography. The painting materials were investigated with X-ray fluorescence scanning (MA-XRF) and reflectance hyperspectral imaging (HSI). Primarily, the data were jointly used for a scientific scope and provided new knowledge of the painting in terms of materials and painting techniques. In addition, two web-based interactive platforms were developed: one to provide restorers and experts with a new perspective of the hidden geometries of the painting, and the other targeted at the general public for dissemination purposes. The results of the Ecce Homo scientific analysis were exhibited, using a touch-screen interface, and developed for different user levels, from adults to kids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzia Albertin
- Enrico Fermi Historical Museum of Physics and Study and Research Center, 00184, Rome, Italy.,INFN - National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Physics and Astronomy "Augusto Righi", University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Ruberto
- INFN - National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. .,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Costanza Cucci
- CNR - IFAC - National Research Council, Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara", 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Marco Callieri
- CNR - ISTI - National Research Council, Institute of Information Science and Technologies "Alessandro Faedo", 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Potenziani
- CNR - ISTI - National Research Council, Institute of Information Science and Technologies "Alessandro Faedo", 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Eliana Siotto
- CNR - ISTI - National Research Council, Institute of Information Science and Technologies "Alessandro Faedo", 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Pingi
- CNR - ISTI - National Research Council, Institute of Information Science and Technologies "Alessandro Faedo", 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Scopigno
- CNR - ISTI - National Research Council, Institute of Information Science and Technologies "Alessandro Faedo", 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Bettuzzi
- INFN - National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Physics and Astronomy "Augusto Righi", University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosa Brancaccio
- INFN - National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Physics and Astronomy "Augusto Righi", University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Morigi
- INFN - National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Physics and Astronomy "Augusto Righi", University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lisa Castelli
- INFN - National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Taccetti
- INFN - National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Marcello Picollo
- CNR - IFAC - National Research Council, Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara", 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stefani
- CNR - IFAC - National Research Council, Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara", 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Mariotti V, Zuppello M, Pedrosi ME, Bettuzzi M, Brancaccio R, Peccenini E, Morigi MP, Belcastro MG. Skeletal evidence of tuberculosis in a modern identified human skeletal collection (Certosa cemetery, Bologna, Italy). Am J Phys Anthropol 2015; 157:389-401. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mariotti
- Laboratorio Di Bioarcheologia E Osteologia Forense; Dipartimento Di Scienze Biologiche; Geologiche E Ambientali; Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna; via Selmi 3 Bologna 40126 Italy
- UMR 7268 ADÉS-Anthropologie Bioculturelle; Droit; Ethique Et Santé CNRS/Université d'Aix-Marseille/EFS Faculté De Médecine-Secteur Nord, CS80011; Marseille Cedex 15 Boulevard Pierre Dramard 13344 France
| | - Micol Zuppello
- Laboratorio Di Bioarcheologia E Osteologia Forense; Dipartimento Di Scienze Biologiche; Geologiche E Ambientali; Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna; via Selmi 3 Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Maria Elena Pedrosi
- Laboratorio Di Bioarcheologia E Osteologia Forense; Dipartimento Di Scienze Biologiche; Geologiche E Ambientali; Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna; via Selmi 3 Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Matteo Bettuzzi
- X-Ray Imaging Group; Dipartimento Di Fisica E Astronomia; Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna; Viale B. Pichat 6/2 Bologna 40127 Italy
- Centro Fermi, Piazza Del Viminale 1; Roma 00184 Italy
| | - Rosa Brancaccio
- X-Ray Imaging Group; Dipartimento Di Fisica E Astronomia; Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna; Viale B. Pichat 6/2 Bologna 40127 Italy
- Centro Fermi, Piazza Del Viminale 1; Roma 00184 Italy
| | - Eva Peccenini
- X-Ray Imaging Group; Dipartimento Di Fisica E Astronomia; Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna; Viale B. Pichat 6/2 Bologna 40127 Italy
- Centro Fermi, Piazza Del Viminale 1; Roma 00184 Italy
| | - Maria Pia Morigi
- X-Ray Imaging Group; Dipartimento Di Fisica E Astronomia; Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna; Viale B. Pichat 6/2 Bologna 40127 Italy
- Centro Fermi, Piazza Del Viminale 1; Roma 00184 Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Belcastro
- Laboratorio Di Bioarcheologia E Osteologia Forense; Dipartimento Di Scienze Biologiche; Geologiche E Ambientali; Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna; via Selmi 3 Bologna 40126 Italy
- Centro Fermi, Piazza Del Viminale 1; Roma 00184 Italy
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Re A, Albertin F, Bortolin C, Brancaccio R, Buscaglia P, Corsi J, Cotto G, Dughera G, Durisi E, Ferrarese W, Gambaccini M, Giovagnoli A, Grassi N, Lo Giudice A, Mereu P, Mila G, Nervo M, Pastrone N, Petrucci F, Prino F, Ramello L, Ravera M, Ricci C, Romero A, Sacchi R, Staiano A, Visca L, Zamprotta L. Results of the Italian neu_ART project. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/37/1/012007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Berdondini A, Bettuzzi M, Brancaccio R, Casali F, Lanconelli N, Morigi MP. High-Energy Computer Tomography Measurements in a Museum and Analysis of the Radioprotection Problem. NUCL TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.13182/nt09-a9131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Berdondini
- University of Bologna and INFN Department of Physics, C. Berty Pichat 6-2, Bologna 40100, Italy
| | - M. Bettuzzi
- University of Bologna and INFN Department of Physics, C. Berty Pichat 6-2, Bologna 40100, Italy
| | - R. Brancaccio
- University of Bologna and INFN Department of Physics, C. Berty Pichat 6-2, Bologna 40100, Italy
| | - F. Casali
- University of Bologna and INFN Department of Physics, C. Berty Pichat 6-2, Bologna 40100, Italy
| | - N. Lanconelli
- University of Bologna and INFN Department of Physics, C. Berty Pichat 6-2, Bologna 40100, Italy
| | - M. P. Morigi
- University of Bologna and INFN Department of Physics, C. Berty Pichat 6-2, Bologna 40100, Italy
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Bazzani A, Bevilacqua A, Bollini D, Brancaccio R, Campanini R, Lanconelli N, Riccardi A, Romani D. An SVM classifier to separate false signals from microcalcifications in digital mammograms. Phys Med Biol 2001; 46:1651-63. [PMID: 11419625 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/46/6/305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the feasibility of using an SVM (support vector machine) classifier in our automatic system for the detection of clustered microcalcifications in digital mammograms. SVM is a technique for pattern recognition which relies on the statistical learning theory. It minimizes a function of two terms: the number of misclassified vectors of the training set and a term regarding the generalization classifier capability. We compare the SVM classifier with an MLP (multi-layer perceptron) in the false-positive reduction phase of our detection scheme: a detected signal is considered either microcalcification or false signal, according to the value of a set of its features. The SVM classifier gets slightly better results than the MLP one (Az value of 0.963 against 0.958) in the presence of a high number of training data; the improvement becomes much more evident (Az value of 0.952 against 0.918) in training sets of reduced size. Finally, the setting of the SVM classifier is much easier than the MLP one.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bazzani
- Department of Physics, University of Bologna, and INFN, Italy
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Cohen DE, Brancaccio R, Andersen D, Belsito DV. Utility of a standard allergen series alone in the evaluation of allergic contact dermatitis: a retrospective study of 732 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997; 36:914-8. [PMID: 9204054 DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(97)80272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patch testing remains the standard for the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. The validity and usefulness of a standard patch test allergen series has not been addressed adequately by previous studies. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine the utility of the standard allergen series as a sole screening tool in the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. METHODS The charts of 732 patients referred for patch testing were reviewed for positive patch test results. The group of patients with positive reactions was stratified into two groups based on the clinical relevance of their reactions. These groups were subsequently analyzed to determine whether the reactions were to part of the standard series of allergens or to part of a supplementary group. RESULTS Of patients tested, 50% had a positive patch test. Of those, 221 (30%) had reactions deemed clinically relevant. Only 23% of patients with positive patch tests reacted to an allergen(s) in the standard series exclusively. When adjusted for clinical relevance, only 15.7% of patients were completely evaluated with the standard series of 20 allergens. CONCLUSION The standard allergen series of 20 allergens available in the United States is limited as a screening tool when used alone in the evaluation of patients with allergic contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Cohen
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA
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