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Sioufi J, Hall B, Antel R, Moussa S, Subasri M, Fakih M, Islam N, Hamdy RC, Chopra S, Harley JM, Keuhl A, Bassilious E, Sherbino J, Bilgic E, Bondok MS, Bondok M, Martel L, Law C, Posel N, Fleiszer D, Daud A, Hauer T, Carr-Pries N, Hali K, Wolfstadt J, Ferguson P, Ghasroddashti A, Sorefan-Mangou F, Del Fernandes R, Williams E, Choi K, Zevin B, Patterson ED, Kirupaharan S, Mann S, Winthrop A, Zevin B, Bondok M, Ghanmi N, Etherington C, Saddiki Y, Lefebvre I, Berthelot P, Dion PM, Raymond B, Seguin J, Sekhavati P, Islam S, Boet S, Tee T, Pachchigar P, Tarabay B, Yilmaz R, Hamdan NA, Agu C, Almansouri A, Harley J, Del Maestro R, Bondok M, Bondok MS, Nguyen AXL, Law C, Nathoo N, Bakshi N, Ahuja N, Damji KF, Grewal K, Azher S, Moreno M, Pekrun R, Wiseman J, Fried GM, Lajoie S, Brydges R, Hadwin A, Sun NZ, Khalil E, Harley JM, Nguyen ELV, Patel P, Muaddi H, Rukavina N, Bucur R, Shwaartz C, Islam N, Moussa S, Subasri M, Fakih M, Hamdy RC, Wong E, Tewari A, Brydges R, Louridas M, Balaji S, Patel P, Muaddi H, Gaebe K, Luzzi C, Kay A, Rukavina N, Selzner M, Reichman T, Shwaartz C, Balaji S, Muaddi H, Shahabinezhad A, Patel P, Rukavina N, Reichman T, Jayaraman S, Shwaartz C, Nashed J, Ramelli L, Kolasky O, Dickenson T, Dullege M, Kang A, Winthrop A, Mann S, Lau D, Henkelman E, Jacob J, Watson I, Haji F, McEwen CC, Jaffer I, Sibbald M, Blouin V, Bénard F, Pelletier F, Abdo S, Meloche-Dumas L, Kapralos B, Dubrowski A, Patocskai E, Pachchigar P, Agu C, Yilmaz R, Tee T, Maestro RD, Adedipe I, Stephens C, Ghebretatios M, Laplante S, Patel P, Balaji S, Muaddi H, Rukavina N, Shwaartz C, Brodovsky M, Lai C, Behzadi A, Blair G, Almansouri A, Hamdan NA, Yilmaz R, Tee T, Pachchigar P, Eskandari M, Agu C, Giglio B, Balasubramaniam N, Bierbrier J, Collins DL, Gueziri HE, Del Maestro RF, Koonar E, Ramazani F, Hart R, Henley J, Roberts S, Chandarana S, Matthews W, Schrag C, Matthews J, Mackenzie D, Cutting C, Lui J, Delisle É, Cordoba T, Cordoba C, Giglio B, Lacroix A, Cairns J, Alsayegh A, Alhantoobi M, Balasubramaniam N, Safih W, Hamel M, Del Maestro R, Francis G, Moise A, Omar Y, Hathi K, Mavedatnia D, Grose E, Philips T, Schneider C, Corbin D, Lesage F, Pellerin M, Ben-Ali W, Tamani Z, Joly-Chevrier M, Bénard F, Meloche-Dumas L, Laflamme L, Boulva K, Younan R, Dubrowski A, Patocskai E, Sticca G, Petruccelli J, Dorion D, Osman Y, Bénard F, Habti M, Meloche-Dumas L, Duranleau X, Boulva K, Kaviani A, Younan R, Dubrowski A, Vessella K, Patocskai E, Valji R, Turner S, Lam T, Mobilio MH, Hirsh J, Lising D, Cil T, Marcon E, Moulton CA, D'Souza A, Milazzo T, Datta S, Valiquette C, Avery E, Voineskos S, Musgrave M, Wanzel K, Schneidman J, Armstrong N, Gerardis G, Silver J, Azzam MA, Fisher R, Banks I, Young M, Nguyen LH, Skakum M, Hancock BJ, Min SL, Youssef F, Keijzer R, Morris M, Shawyer A, Retrosi G. C-CASE 2023: Promoting Excellence in Surgical Education: Canadian Conference for the Advancement of Surgical Education, Oct. 12-13, 2023, Montréal, Quebec. Can J Surg 2023; 66:S137-S150. [PMID: 38065582 PMCID: PMC10718643 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.014523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Sioufi
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moussa, Subasri, Fakih, Islam); and the Shriners Hospital for Children and Division of Orthopaedics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Que. (Hamdy)
| | - Brandon Hall
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moussa, Subasri, Fakih, Islam); and the Shriners Hospital for Children and Division of Orthopaedics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Que. (Hamdy)
| | - Ryan Antel
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moussa, Subasri, Fakih, Islam); and the Shriners Hospital for Children and Division of Orthopaedics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Que. (Hamdy)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sonaina Chopra
- From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Chopra, Keuhl, Bassilious, Sherbino, Bilgic); and McGill University, Montreal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Jason M Harley
- From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Chopra, Keuhl, Bassilious, Sherbino, Bilgic); and McGill University, Montreal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Amy Keuhl
- From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Chopra, Keuhl, Bassilious, Sherbino, Bilgic); and McGill University, Montreal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Ereny Bassilious
- From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Chopra, Keuhl, Bassilious, Sherbino, Bilgic); and McGill University, Montreal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Jonathan Sherbino
- From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Chopra, Keuhl, Bassilious, Sherbino, Bilgic); and McGill University, Montreal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Elif Bilgic
- From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Chopra, Keuhl, Bassilious, Sherbino, Bilgic); and McGill University, Montreal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Mohamed S Bondok
- From the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the UBC Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Martel); and the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law)
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Mostafa Bondok
- From the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the UBC Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Martel); and the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law)
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Liana Martel
- From the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the UBC Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Martel); and the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law)
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Christine Law
- From the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the UBC Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Martel); and the Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law)
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | | | | | - Anser Daud
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Tyler Hauer
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | | | - Kalter Hali
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ken Choi
- From Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | | | - Ethan D Patterson
- From Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Ghanmi, Saddiki, Lefebvre, Berthelot, Dion, Raymond, Seguin, Sekhavati, Islam); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Etherington, Boet); the Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont (Boet); and the Department of Innovation in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Boet)
| | - Sawmmiya Kirupaharan
- From Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Ghanmi, Saddiki, Lefebvre, Berthelot, Dion, Raymond, Seguin, Sekhavati, Islam); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Etherington, Boet); the Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont (Boet); and the Department of Innovation in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Boet)
| | - Steve Mann
- From Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Ghanmi, Saddiki, Lefebvre, Berthelot, Dion, Raymond, Seguin, Sekhavati, Islam); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Etherington, Boet); the Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont (Boet); and the Department of Innovation in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Boet)
| | - Andrea Winthrop
- From Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Ghanmi, Saddiki, Lefebvre, Berthelot, Dion, Raymond, Seguin, Sekhavati, Islam); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Etherington, Boet); the Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont (Boet); and the Department of Innovation in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Boet)
| | - Boris Zevin
- From Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Ghanmi, Saddiki, Lefebvre, Berthelot, Dion, Raymond, Seguin, Sekhavati, Islam); the Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont. (Etherington, Boet); the Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont (Boet); and the Department of Innovation in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. (Boet)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Trisha Tee
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Puja Pachchigar
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Bilal Tarabay
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Recai Yilmaz
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Nour Abou Hamdan
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Chinyelum Agu
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Abdulrahman Almansouri
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Jason Harley
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Rolando Del Maestro
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Tee, Pachchigar, Tarabay, Yilmaz, Abou Hamdan, Agu, Almansouri, Del Maestro); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Del Maestro); the University of Montreal Health Centre, Montréal, Que. (Tarabay); and the Simulation, Affect, Innovation, Learning, and Surgery Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Mostafa Bondok
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Nguyen); the Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law); the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Nathoo); the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Bakshi); the Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Ahuja); and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Damji)
| | - Mohamed S Bondok
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Nguyen); the Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law); the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Nathoo); the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Bakshi); the Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Ahuja); and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Damji)
| | - Anne Xuan-Lan Nguyen
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Nguyen); the Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law); the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Nathoo); the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Bakshi); the Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Ahuja); and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Damji)
| | - Christine Law
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Nguyen); the Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law); the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Nathoo); the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Bakshi); the Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Ahuja); and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Damji)
| | - Nawaaz Nathoo
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Nguyen); the Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law); the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Nathoo); the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Bakshi); the Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Ahuja); and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Damji)
| | - Nupura Bakshi
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Nguyen); the Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law); the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Nathoo); the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Bakshi); the Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Ahuja); and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Damji)
| | - Nina Ahuja
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Nguyen); the Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law); the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Nathoo); the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Bakshi); the Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Ahuja); and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Damji)
| | - Karim F Damji
- From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (M. Bondok); the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (M.S. Bondok); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Nguyen); the Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Law); the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Nathoo); the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Bakshi); the Division of Ophthalmology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Ahuja); and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Damji)
| | - Keerat Grewal
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Sayed Azher
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Matthew Moreno
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Reinhard Pekrun
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Jeffrey Wiseman
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Gerald M Fried
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Susanne Lajoie
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Ryan Brydges
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Allyson Hadwin
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Ning-Zi Sun
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Elene Khalil
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Jason M Harley
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Grewal, Azher, Moreno, Wiseman, Fried, Lajoie, Sun, Harley); the University of Essex, Colchester, UK (Pekrun); the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Pekrun); the Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia (Pekrun); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges); the University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C. (Hadwin); the McGill University Health Centre for Interprofessional Simulation, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Khalil); and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Harley)
| | - Emily Lan-Vy Nguyen
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Nguyen); Abdominal Transplant, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz); General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Muaddi); and HPB Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Bucur, Rukavina, Patel)
| | - Prachikumari Patel
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Nguyen); Abdominal Transplant, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz); General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Muaddi); and HPB Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Bucur, Rukavina, Patel)
| | - Hala Muaddi
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Nguyen); Abdominal Transplant, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz); General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Muaddi); and HPB Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Bucur, Rukavina, Patel)
| | - Nadia Rukavina
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Nguyen); Abdominal Transplant, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz); General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Muaddi); and HPB Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Bucur, Rukavina, Patel)
| | - Roxana Bucur
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Nguyen); Abdominal Transplant, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz); General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Muaddi); and HPB Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Bucur, Rukavina, Patel)
| | - Chaya Shwaartz
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Nguyen); Abdominal Transplant, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz); General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Muaddi); and HPB Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shwaartz, Bucur, Rukavina, Patel)
| | - Nehal Islam
- From McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Sarah Moussa
- From McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Mathushan Subasri
- From McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Moustafa Fakih
- From McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | | | - Evan Wong
- From McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Aradhana Tewari
- From St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Tewari, Brydges, Louridas); and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges, Louridas)
| | - Ryan Brydges
- From St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Tewari, Brydges, Louridas); and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges, Louridas)
| | - Marisa Louridas
- From St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Tewari, Brydges, Louridas); and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brydges, Louridas)
| | - Shilpa Balaji
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Prachi Patel
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Hala Muaddi
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Karolina Gaebe
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Carla Luzzi
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Aileigh Kay
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Nadia Rukavina
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Markus Selzner
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Trevor Reichman
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Chaya Shwaartz
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Gaebe, Selzner, Reichman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Luzzi, Kay, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Shilpa Balaji
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Reichman, Jayaraman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shahabinezhad, Patel, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Jayaraman); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Hala Muaddi
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Reichman, Jayaraman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shahabinezhad, Patel, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Jayaraman); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Ali Shahabinezhad
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Reichman, Jayaraman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shahabinezhad, Patel, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Jayaraman); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Prachi Patel
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Reichman, Jayaraman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shahabinezhad, Patel, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Jayaraman); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Nadia Rukavina
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Reichman, Jayaraman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shahabinezhad, Patel, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Jayaraman); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Trevor Reichman
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Reichman, Jayaraman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shahabinezhad, Patel, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Jayaraman); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Shiva Jayaraman
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Reichman, Jayaraman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shahabinezhad, Patel, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Jayaraman); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Chaya Shwaartz
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji, Reichman, Jayaraman, Shwaartz); the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Shahabinezhad, Patel, Rukavina, Reichman, Shwaartz); Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Jayaraman); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Davy Lau
- From the University of British Columbia and the B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, B.C. (Lau, Henkelman, Watson, Haji); and the B.C. Children's Hospital Digital Laboratory, Vancouver, B.C., (Jacob)
| | - Erika Henkelman
- From the University of British Columbia and the B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, B.C. (Lau, Henkelman, Watson, Haji); and the B.C. Children's Hospital Digital Laboratory, Vancouver, B.C., (Jacob)
| | - John Jacob
- From the University of British Columbia and the B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, B.C. (Lau, Henkelman, Watson, Haji); and the B.C. Children's Hospital Digital Laboratory, Vancouver, B.C., (Jacob)
| | - Isabella Watson
- From the University of British Columbia and the B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, B.C. (Lau, Henkelman, Watson, Haji); and the B.C. Children's Hospital Digital Laboratory, Vancouver, B.C., (Jacob)
| | - Faizal Haji
- From the University of British Columbia and the B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, B.C. (Lau, Henkelman, Watson, Haji); and the B.C. Children's Hospital Digital Laboratory, Vancouver, B.C., (Jacob)
| | - Charlotte C McEwen
- From the Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (McEwen, Jaffer, Sibbald); Division of Cardiac Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (McEwen, Jaffer); Division of Cardiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Sibbald); and the McMaster Education Research, Innovation and Theory Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Sibbald)
| | - Iqbal Jaffer
- From the Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (McEwen, Jaffer, Sibbald); Division of Cardiac Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (McEwen, Jaffer); Division of Cardiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Sibbald); and the McMaster Education Research, Innovation and Theory Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Sibbald)
| | - Matthew Sibbald
- From the Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (McEwen, Jaffer, Sibbald); Division of Cardiac Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (McEwen, Jaffer); Division of Cardiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Sibbald); and the McMaster Education Research, Innovation and Theory Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. (Sibbald)
| | - Victoria Blouin
- From l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Blouin, Bénard, Pelletier, Meloche-Dumas, Patocskai); and Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Abdo, Kapralos, Dubrowski)
| | - Florence Bénard
- From l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Blouin, Bénard, Pelletier, Meloche-Dumas, Patocskai); and Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Abdo, Kapralos, Dubrowski)
| | - Florence Pelletier
- From l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Blouin, Bénard, Pelletier, Meloche-Dumas, Patocskai); and Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Abdo, Kapralos, Dubrowski)
| | - Sandy Abdo
- From l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Blouin, Bénard, Pelletier, Meloche-Dumas, Patocskai); and Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Abdo, Kapralos, Dubrowski)
| | - Léamarie Meloche-Dumas
- From l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Blouin, Bénard, Pelletier, Meloche-Dumas, Patocskai); and Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Abdo, Kapralos, Dubrowski)
| | - Bill Kapralos
- From l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Blouin, Bénard, Pelletier, Meloche-Dumas, Patocskai); and Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Abdo, Kapralos, Dubrowski)
| | - Adam Dubrowski
- From l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Blouin, Bénard, Pelletier, Meloche-Dumas, Patocskai); and Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Abdo, Kapralos, Dubrowski)
| | - Erica Patocskai
- From l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Blouin, Bénard, Pelletier, Meloche-Dumas, Patocskai); and Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Abdo, Kapralos, Dubrowski)
| | - Puja Pachchigar
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Pachchigar, Agu, Yilmaz, Tee Del Maestro); and l'École polytechnique universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France (Agu)
| | - Chinyelum Agu
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Pachchigar, Agu, Yilmaz, Tee Del Maestro); and l'École polytechnique universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France (Agu)
| | - Recai Yilmaz
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Pachchigar, Agu, Yilmaz, Tee Del Maestro); and l'École polytechnique universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France (Agu)
| | - Trisha Tee
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Pachchigar, Agu, Yilmaz, Tee Del Maestro); and l'École polytechnique universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France (Agu)
| | - Rolando Del Maestro
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Pachchigar, Agu, Yilmaz, Tee Del Maestro); and l'École polytechnique universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France (Agu)
| | - Ifeoluwa Adedipe
- From the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb
| | - Carolyn Stephens
- From the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb
| | - Merry Ghebretatios
- From the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb
| | - Simon Laplante
- From the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Laplante, Rukavina, Shwaartz); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Prachi Patel
- From the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Laplante, Rukavina, Shwaartz); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Shilpa Balaji
- From the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Laplante, Rukavina, Shwaartz); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Hala Muaddi
- From the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Laplante, Rukavina, Shwaartz); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Nadia Rukavina
- From the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Laplante, Rukavina, Shwaartz); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Chaya Shwaartz
- From the University Health Network, Toronto, Ont. (Patel, Laplante, Rukavina, Shwaartz); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Balaji); and the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (Muaddi)
| | - Maren Brodovsky
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brodovsky, Behzadi); the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont. (Lai); and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Blair)
| | - Carolyn Lai
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brodovsky, Behzadi); the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont. (Lai); and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Blair)
| | - Abdollah Behzadi
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brodovsky, Behzadi); the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont. (Lai); and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Blair)
| | - Geoffrey Blair
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Brodovsky, Behzadi); the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont. (Lai); and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Blair)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ella Koonar
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Fatemeh Ramazani
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Robert Hart
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Jessica Henley
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Sam Roberts
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Shamir Chandarana
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Wayne Matthews
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Christiaan Schrag
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Jennifer Matthews
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - David Mackenzie
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Court Cutting
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Justin Lui
- From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alb. (Koonar, Ramazani, Hart, Henley, Roberts, Chandarana, W. Matthews, Schrag, J. Matthews, Mackenzie, Lui); and New York University, New York, NY (Cutting)
| | - Éolie Delisle
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Delisle, T. Cordoba); and the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (C. Cordoba)
| | - Tomas Cordoba
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Delisle, T. Cordoba); and the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (C. Cordoba)
| | - Carlos Cordoba
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Delisle, T. Cordoba); and the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (C. Cordoba)
| | - Bianca Giglio
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Adrien Lacroix
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Julianne Cairns
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Ahmad Alsayegh
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Mohamed Alhantoobi
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Neevya Balasubramaniam
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Widad Safih
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Meriem Hamel
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Rolando Del Maestro
- From the Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - Gizelle Francis
- From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Francis, Hathi); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moise); the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. (Omar); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Mavedatnia, Grose); and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Philips)
| | - Alexander Moise
- From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Francis, Hathi); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moise); the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. (Omar); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Mavedatnia, Grose); and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Philips)
| | - Youssef Omar
- From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Francis, Hathi); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moise); the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. (Omar); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Mavedatnia, Grose); and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Philips)
| | - Kalpesh Hathi
- From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Francis, Hathi); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moise); the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. (Omar); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Mavedatnia, Grose); and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Philips)
| | - Dorsa Mavedatnia
- From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Francis, Hathi); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moise); the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. (Omar); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Mavedatnia, Grose); and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Philips)
| | - Elysia Grose
- From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Francis, Hathi); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moise); the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. (Omar); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Mavedatnia, Grose); and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Philips)
| | - Timothy Philips
- From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Francis, Hathi); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Moise); the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. (Omar); the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Mavedatnia, Grose); and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. (Philips)
| | - Clément Schneider
- From the Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; and the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Denis Corbin
- From the Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; and the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - François Lesage
- From the Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; and the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Michel Pellerin
- From the Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; and the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Walid Ben-Ali
- From the Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; and the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Zakaria Tamani
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Maxine Joly-Chevrier
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Florence Bénard
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Léamarie Meloche-Dumas
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Laurence Laflamme
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Kerianne Boulva
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Rami Younan
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Adam Dubrowski
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Erica Patocskai
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Tamani, Joly-Chevrier, Laflamme); General Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Bénard, Meloche-Dumas); Surgical Oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Younan); and Health Sciences, maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski, Patocskai)
| | - Giancarlo Sticca
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Sticca); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Petruccelli); and the University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que. (Dorion)
| | - Joseph Petruccelli
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Sticca); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Petruccelli); and the University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que. (Dorion)
| | - Dominique Dorion
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Sticca); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Petruccelli); and the University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que. (Dorion)
| | - Yasmin Osman
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Florence Bénard
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Merieme Habti
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Léamarie Meloche-Dumas
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Xaviery Duranleau
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Kerianne Boulva
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Ahmad Kaviani
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Rami Younan
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Adam Dubrowski
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Kiara Vessella
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Erica Patocskai
- From the Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Osman, Bénard, Habti, Meloche-Dumas); McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Duranleau); the Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montréal, Que. (Boulva, Kaviani, Younan, Patocskai); the maxSIMhealth Laboratory, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ont. (Dubrowski); and Dawson College, Montréal, Que. (Vessella)
| | - Rahim Valji
- From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alb
| | | | - Tobi Lam
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | | | - Jacob Hirsh
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Dean Lising
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Tulin Cil
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | | | | | - Alexandra D'Souza
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (D'Souza, Milazzo, Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel); and the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel)
| | - Thomas Milazzo
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (D'Souza, Milazzo, Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel); and the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel)
| | - Shaishav Datta
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (D'Souza, Milazzo, Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel); and the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel)
| | - Chantal Valiquette
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (D'Souza, Milazzo, Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel); and the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel)
| | - Emma Avery
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (D'Souza, Milazzo, Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel); and the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel)
| | - Sophocles Voineskos
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (D'Souza, Milazzo, Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel); and the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel)
| | - Melinda Musgrave
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (D'Souza, Milazzo, Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel); and the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel)
| | - Kyle Wanzel
- From the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (D'Souza, Milazzo, Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel); and the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Datta, Valiquette, Avery, Voineskos, Musgrave, Wanzel)
| | - Jillian Schneidman
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Schneidman); and the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Schneidman, Armstrong)
| | - Neil Armstrong
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Schneidman); and the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Schneidman, Armstrong)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - B J Hancock
- From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
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