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Hang R, Zhao Y, Chen H, Li X, Yao R, Sun Y, Yao X, Bai L, Wang H, Han Y, Hang R. Construction and high-throughput screening of gradient nanowire coatings on titanium surface towards ameliorated osseointegration. Mater Today Bio 2025; 30:101392. [PMID: 39759850 PMCID: PMC11697249 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Surface nano-modification has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants. Despite its promise, rational optimization of surface nanomorphology for ameliorated osseointegration remains a significant challenge. Our research pioneering developed a one-step alkali etching technique to produce a gradient nanowire coating with continuously varied dimensions on Ti surfaces, which was subsequently served as a versatile platform for high-throughput screening of optimal dimensions to enhance osseointegration. The results showed that macrophages (MФs) that mainly governed the initial inflammatory reaction exhibited a polarization tendency towards pro-healing M2 phenotype with decreased nanowire dimension due to nanomorphology-mediated focal adhesion formation and activation of its downstream signaling pathways (typically PI3K-Akt). Simultaneously, small-sized nanowires with diameter of 5.63-14.25 nm and inter-spacing of 29.42-57.97 nm were conductive to angiogenesis of endothelial cells (ECs) and osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which may share similar mechanisms of MФs. The in vivo results well corroborated these in vitro observations. The knowledge gained from the present work not only advance our understanding of the interaction between surface morphology and cells, but also potentially pave the way for efficient and cost-effective design of advanced biomaterial surfaces for better osseointegration.
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Zhang Y, Dai J, Hang R, Yao X, Bai L, Wang H, Huang D, Hang R. Tailoring surface stiffness to modulate senescent macrophage immunomodulation: Implications for osteo-/angio-genesis in aged bone regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 165:214010. [PMID: 39222592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.214010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The application of biomaterials in bone regeneration is a prevalent clinical practice. However, its efficacy in elderly patients remains suboptimal, necessitating further advancements. While biomaterial properties are known to orchestrate macrophage (MΦ) polarization and local immune responses, the role of biomaterial cues, specifically stiffness, in directing the senescent macrophage (S-MΦ) is still poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the role of substrate stiffness in modulating the immunomodulatory properties of S-MΦ and their role in osteo-immunomodulation. Our results demonstrated that employing collagen-coated polyacrylamide hydrogels with varying stiffness values (18, 76, and 295 kPa) as model materials, the high-stiffness hydrogel (295 kPa) steered S-MΦs towards a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, while hydrogels with lower stiffness (18 and 76 kPa) promoted an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. The immune microenvironment created by S-MΦs promoted the bioactivities of senescent endothelial cells (S-ECs) and senescent bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells BMSCs (S-BMSCs). Furthermore, the M2 S-MΦs, particularly incubated on the 76 kPa hydrogel matrices, significantly enhanced the ability of angiogenesis of S-ECs and osteogenic differentiation of S-BMSCs, which are crucial and interrelated processes in bone healing. This modulation aided in reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in S-ECs and S-BMSCs, thereby significantly contributing to the repair and regeneration of aged bone tissue.
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Zhang Y, Dai J, Hang R, Yao X, Bai L, Huang D, Hang R. Impact of surface biofunctionalization strategies on key effector cells response in polyacrylamide hydrogels for bone regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 158:213768. [PMID: 38237320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Despite the clinical prevalence of various bone defect repair materials, a full understanding of their influence on bone repair and regeneration remains elusive. This study focuses on poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) hydrogels, popular 2D model substrates, which have regulable mechanical properties within physiological. However, their bio-inert nature requires surface biofunctionalization to enhance cell-material interactions and facilitate the study of bone repair mechanisms. We utilized PAAm hydrogels of varying stiffness (18, 76 and 295 kPa), employed sulfosuccinimidyl-6-(4'-azido-2'-nitropheny-lamino) hexanoate (sulfo-SANPAH) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimidyl acrylate (EDC/NHS) as crosslinkers, and cultured macrophages, endothelial cells, and bone mesenchymal stem cells on these hydrogels. Our findings indicated that sulfo-SANPAH's crosslinking efficiency surpassed that of EDC/NHS, irrespective of pore size and stiffness. Importantly, we observed that the stiffness and surface biofunctionalization method of hydrogels significantly impacted cell adhesion and proliferation. The collagen-modified hydrogels by EDC/NHS strategy failed to support the normal biological behavior of bone mesenchymal stem cells and hindered endothelial cell spreading. In contrast, these modified hydrogels by the sulfo-SANPAH method showed good cytocompatibility with the three types of cells. This study underscores the critical role of appropriate conjugation strategies for PAAm hydrogels, providing valuable insights for hydrogel surface modification in bone repair and regeneration research.
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Dai J, Shao J, Zhang Y, Hang R, Yao X, Bai L, Hang R. Piezoelectric dressings for advanced wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1973-1990. [PMID: 38305583 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02492j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of chronic refractory wounds poses significant challenges and threats to both human society and the economy. Existing research studies demonstrate that electrical stimulation fosters cell proliferation and migration and promotes the production of cytokines that expedites the wound healing process. Presently, clinical settings utilize electrical stimulation devices for wound treatment, but these devices often present issues such as limited portability and the necessity for frequent recharging. A cutting-edge wound dressing employing the piezoelectric effect could transform mechanical energy into electrical energy, thereby providing continuous electrical stimulation and accelerating wound healing, effectively addressing these concerns. This review primarily reviews the selection of piezoelectric materials and their application in wound dressing design, offering a succinct overview of these materials and their underlying mechanisms. This study also provides a perspective on the current limitations of piezoelectric wound dressings and the future development of multifunctional dressings harnessing the piezoelectric effect.
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Zhuang J, Hang R, Sun R, Ding Y, Yao X, Hang R, Sun H, Bai L. Multifunctional exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cells for fulfilled osseointegration. Front Chem 2022; 10:984131. [PMID: 36072705 PMCID: PMC9441814 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.984131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have self-renewal, multi-directional differentiation potential, and immune regulation function and are widely used for de novo bone formation. However, the wide variation in individual amplification, the potential risk of cancer cell contamination, and the need for culture time significantly limit their widespread use clinically. Alternatively, numerous studies have shown that exosomes secreted by BMSCs in the nanoscale can also affect the functionality of endothelial cells (angiogenesis), macrophages (immunomodulation), and osteoblasts/osteoclasts (osteogenesis), which is a highly promising therapy for osseointegration with pronounced advantages (e.g., safety, high efficiency, and no ethical restrictions). The review aims to summarize the multifaceted effect of BMSCs-derived exosomes on osseointegration and provide reference and basis for rapid and qualified osseointegration.
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Zhao Y, Sun Y, Hang R, Yao R, Zhang Y, Huang D, Yao X, Bai L, Hang R. Biocompatible silane adhesion layer on titanium implants improves angiogenesis and osteogenesis. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:213033. [PMID: 35882124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silane adhesion layer strategy has been widely used to covalently graft biomolecules to the titanium implant surface, thereby conferring the implant bioactivity to ameliorate osseointegration. However, few researchers pay attention to the effects of silanization parameters on biocompatibility and biofunctionality of the silane adhesion layers. Accordingly, the present study successfully fabricated the silane adhesion layers with different thickness, intactness, and surface morphologies by introducing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane on the alkali-treated titanium surface in time-varied processing of silanization. The regulatory effects of the silane adhesion layers on angiogenesis and osteogenesis were assessed in vitro. Results showed that the prolonged silanization processing time increased the thickness and intactness of the silane adhesion layer and significantly improved its biocompatibility. Notably, the silane adhesion layer prepared after 12 h of silanization exhibited a brain-like surface morphology and benefited the adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells (ECs) and osteoblasts (OBs). Moreover, the layer promoted angiogenesis via stimulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and nitric oxide (NO) production of ECs. Simultaneously, it improved osteogenesis by enhancing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen secretion, and extracellular matrix mineralization of OBs. This work systematically investigated the biocompatibility and biofunctionality of the modified silane adhesion layers, thus providing valuable references for their application in covalently grafting biomolecules on the titanium implant surface.
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Hang R, Wang J, Tian X, Wu R, Hang R, Zhao Y, Sun Y, Wang H. Resveratrol promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis through mediating immunology of senescent macrophages. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35830846 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac80e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Orthopedic implants have been used clinically to restore the functions of the compromised bone tissues, but there is still a relatively high risk of failure for elderly people. A critical reason is pro-inflammatory immune microenvironment created by senescent macrophages with homeostasis imbalance impairs osteogenesis and angiogenesis, two major processes involved in implant osseointegration. The present work proposes to use resveratrol as an autophagy inducing agent to upregulate the autophagy level of senescent macrophages to restore homeostasis, consequently generating a favorable immune microenvironment. The results show 0.1-1 µM of resveratrol can induce autophagy of senescent macrophages, promote cell viability and proliferation, reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and polarize the cells to pro-healing M2 phenotype. The immune microenvironment created by senescent macrophages upon resveratrol stimulation can promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis, as manifested by upregulated proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, type I collagen secretion, and extracellular matrix mineralization of senescent osteoblasts as well as nitric oxide production, migration, and in vitro angiogenesis of senescent endothelial cells. In addition, resveratrol-loaded silk fibroin coatings can be fabricated on titanium surface through electrophoretic co-deposition and the coatings show beneficial effects on the functions of senescent macrophages. Our results suggest resveratrol can be used as surface additive of titanium implants to promote osseointegration of elderly people though regulating immunology of senescent macrophages.
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Zhao Y, Bai L, Zhang Y, Yao R, Sun Y, Hang R, Chen X, Wang H, Yao X, Xiao Y, Hang R. Type I collagen decorated nanoporous network on titanium implant surface promotes osseointegration through mediating immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hang R, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Yao R, Yao X, Sun Y, Huang D, Hang R. The role of nanopores constructed on micropitted titanium surface on immune responses of macrophages and the potential mechanisms. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7732-7743. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01263d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Delayed transition of pro-inflammatory M1 to pro-healing M2 of macrophages (MΦs) on implant surface is one of the most important reasons accounting for poor osseointegration. The present work proposes to...
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Bai L, Chen P, Zhao Y, Hang R, Yao X, Tang B, Liu C, Xiao Y, Hang R. A micro/nano-biomimetic coating on titanium orchestrates osteo/angio-genesis and osteoimmunomodulation for advanced osseointegration. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121162. [PMID: 34628191 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Osseointegration is a sophisticated bone and implant healing process comprising of initial hematoma formation, immediate osteoimmunomodulation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. To fulfill rapid and satisfying osseointegration, this study developed a biomimetic implant coating that could confer the intraosseous implants a systematical regulation of the participatory processes. Herein, we shaped dissimilar nano-scale (NS) to form highly biomimetic structures of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) of the host bone and bone healing hematoma with micro/nano-scale (MNS) titania fiber-like network on the surface of titanium (Ti) implants. In vitro experiments revealed that the MNS not only facilitated osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and endothelial cells, respectively, but also suppressed M1 macrophages (MΦs), whereas, stimulated pro-healing M2 phenotype. Notably, BMSCs on MNS surfaces enabled a significant immunomodulatory effect on MΦs resulting in the downregulation of inflammation-related cell signaling pathways. The favorable osteoimmune microenvironment manipulated by MNS further facilitated osteo-/angio-genesis via the crosstalk of multi-signaling pathways. In vivo evaluation mirrored the aforementioned results, and depicted that MNS induced ameliorative osseointegration when compared with the NS as well as the pristine Ti implant. The study demonstrated the modulatory effect of the multifaceted biomimetic structure on spatiotemporal regulation of the participatory processes during osseointegration.
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Kotthaus S, Gunther B, Hang R, Schafer H. Study of isotropically conductive bondings filled with aggregates of nano-sited Ag-particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1109/95.558539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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