Patterns of Corneal Topography after Penetrating Keratoplasty

Background

The topography of corneas after penetrating keratoplasty is highly variable. We classify the topography into five groups.

Methods

We performed videokeratography on 45 clear compact penetrating keratoplasties, with all sutures removed. Three ophthalmologists classified the keratographs independently into five previously defined topographic groups, based on the pattern of the normalized color-coded videokeratograph.

Results

The five topographic patterns included: prolate bow tie, 14 (30%); oblate bow tie, 14 (30%); mixed prolate and oblate bow tie, 8 (17%); asymmetric, 3 (9%); and steep/flat, 6 (14%). The three ophthalmologists agreed in their initial classification in 87% of the cases and after discussion, in 96%.

Conclusion

The topography of the cornea after penetrating keratoplasty can be classified into five qualitative groups by trained observers, with good clinical reliability.

Risks associated with introduction of poeciliids for control of mosquito larvae: first record of the non-native Gambusia holbrooki in Argentina

This study confirms the presence of two species of the non-native mosquitofish Gambusia in Argentina. The risks that they represent to native biota, their potential dispersal in the region, and their effectiveness in mosquito larvae control are discussed.

Astigmatism associated with adnexal masses in infancy

High degrees of astigmatism are common in infants with hemangiomas but have not been well documented with other adnexal masses. We reviewed records of 65 patients (69 eyes) with chalazions, epibulbar or orbital dermoids, hemangiomas, and dacryoceles. Astigmatism greater than +1.25 diopters (as high as +5.50 diopters) was most commonly associated with dacryoceles (eight of 12 eyes) and with hemangiomas (14 of 17 eyes). Plus cylinder axes were consistently oriented toward the lesion, and astigmatism tended to resolve with resolution of the lesions. Only one of the 17 eyes with dermoids and two of the 23 eyes with chalazions had astigmatism. Anisometropic amblyopia has been a prominent concern in the treatment of infants with hemangiomas. Patients with dacryoceles may be at similar risk. Repeated cycloplegic refractions are important in determining appropriate treatment of adnexal masses.