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Target fishing reveals PfPYK-1 and PfRab6 as potential targets of an antiplasmodial 4-anilino-2-trichloromethylquinazoline hit compound. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 102:117654. [PMID: 38452406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
We present investigations about the mechanism of action of a previously reported 4-anilino-2-trichloromethylquinazoline antiplasmodial hit-compound (Hit A), which did not share a common mechanism of action with established commercial antimalarials and presented a stage-specific effect on the erythrocytic cycle of P. falciparum at 8 < t < 16 h. The target of Hit A was searched by immobilising the molecule on a solid support via a linker and performing affinity chromatography on a plasmodial lysate. Several anchoring positions of the linker (6,7 and 3') and PEG-type linkers were assessed, to obtain a linked-hit molecule displaying in vitro antiplasmodial activity similar to that of unmodified Hit A. This allowed us to identify the PfPYK-1 kinase and the PfRab6 GTP-ase as potential targets of Hit A.
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Tail and ear necrosis in piglets of sows with increased weight loss over the suckling period. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2022; 164:871-876. [DOI: 10.17236/sat00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Geschlechtsspezifische epigenetische Aktivierung von Genen bei intrauteriner Wachstumsretardierung (IUGR). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Die Expression von Histone H3 Lysin 9 Acetylierungen ist in GDM Plazentas signifikant erniedrigt und kann nicht durch Calcitriol Gabe behoben werden. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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PS922 BENEFITS OF RNA SEQUENCING IN DETECTING RECURRENT AND NOVEL FUSION TRANSCRIPTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA. Hemasphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hs9.0000561964.61382.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Combining Extracellular miRNA Determination with Microfluidic 3D Cell Cultures for the Assessment of Nephrotoxicity: a Proof of Concept Study. AAPS JOURNAL 2018; 20:86. [PMID: 30039346 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced kidney injury is often observed in the clinics and can lead to long-term organ failure. In this work, we evaluated a novel in vitro system that aims at detecting whether compounds can cause renal proximal tubule damage in man. For this, we implemented organotypic cultures of human conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cells overexpressing the organic anion transporter 1 (ciPTEC-OAT1) in a three-channel OrganoPlate under microfluidic conditions. Cells were exposed to four known nephrotoxicants (cisplatin, tenofovir, cyclosporine A, and tobramycin). The effect on cell viability and NAG release into the medium was determined. A novel panel of four miRNAs (mir-21, mir-29a, mir-34a, and mir-192) was selected as potential biomarkers of proximal tubule damage. After nephrotoxicant treatment, miRNA levels in culture medium were earlier indicators than cell viability (WST-8 assay) and outperformed NAG for proximal tubule damage. In particular, mir-29a, mir-34a, and mir-192 were highly reproducible between experiments and across compounds, whereas mir-21 showed more variability. Moreover, similar data were obtained in two different laboratories, underlining the reproducibility and technical transferability of the results, a key requirement for the implementation of novel biomarkers. In conclusion, the selected miRNAs behaved like sensitive biomarkers of damage to tubular epithelial cells caused by several nephrotoxicity mechanisms. This biomarker panel, in combination with the 3D cultures of ciPTEC-OAT1 in the OrganoPlate, represents a novel tool for in vitro nephrotoxicity detection. These results pave the way for the application of miRNAs in longitudinal, time-course in vitro toxicity studies.
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Arboviral encephalitis in Costa Rican horses: 2009-2016. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Seroprevalence and risk factors for equine arboviral infections (Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis and West Nile Fever) in Costa Rica. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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RXRα is upregulated in first trimester endometrial glands of spontaneous abortions unlike LXR and PPARγ. Eur J Histochem 2016; 60:2665. [PMID: 28076928 PMCID: PMC5134682 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2016.2665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are necessary for uterine invasion of the trophoblast and therefore important for maintaining a viable pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern and frequency of LXR, PPARγ and RXRα under physiological circumstances and in spontaneous abortions in endometrial glands and decidual tissue cells. A total of 28 (14 physiologic pregnancies/14 spontaneous abortion) human pregnancies in first trimester were analyzed for expression of the nuclear receptors LXR, RXRα and PPARγ. Expression changes were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in decidual tissue and endometrial glands of the decidua. RXRα expression was up-regulated in the endometrial glands of spontaneous abortion (P<0.015). Similar up regulation of RXRα was found in decidual tissue (P<0.05). LXR and PPARγ expression was unchanged in spontaneous abortion. By Correlation analysis we found a trend to positive correlation of LXR and PPARγ (Spearman correlation coefficient r=0.56, P=0.07) in endometrial glands. In decidual tissue, we found significant negative correlation in the control group, for the combination of RXRα and PPARγ (Spearman correlation coefficient r=0.913, P=0.03). Our data show that RXRα expression is increased in miscarriage in endometrial glands and correlation analysis showed that negative correlation between RXRα and PPARγ disappears in miscarriage. This shift is supposable responsible for the loss of regular function in trophoblast and embryonic tissue.
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Zweizeitige Entbindung nach selektivem Fetozid einer Di-Di-Gemini Gravidität bei gesichertem Morbus Niemann-Pick-Typ C. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Fruchtwasserembolie – eine seltene aber lebensgefährliche Komplikation. Fallbericht aus der Universitätsfrauenklinik der LMU München. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Altersentwicklung und Kaiserschnittraten von Erstgebärenden im Zeitraum von 2001 bis 2013 – Eine kombinierte Datenanalyse der UFK Ulm und der Frauenklinik Maistraße der LMU München. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Zelltypspezifische Veränderungen der Expression der Thyroid Hormon Rezeptoren in der Plazenta durch Gestationsdiabetes. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1592943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Die Expression von Il-1beta ist vermindert in extravillösen Trophoblastzellen von makrosomen Feten. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Die Rolle des Kernrezeptor LXR im Spontanabort und im rezidivierenden Abort. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Arboviral Infections (Eastern Equine Encephalitis, Western Equine Encephalitis, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis and West Nile Encephalitis) in horses of Costa Rica. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lues connata: ein seltener Fall einer infektiösen fetalen Anämie und Thrombozytopenie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gal-1 silenced trophoblast tumour cells (BeWo) show decreased syncytium formation and different miRNA production compared to non-target silenced BeWo cells. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Von der Hilflosigkeit zur Sicherheit – Training von geburtshilflichen Notfällen in der Rettungsdienstausbildung. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Osteogenesis imperfecta: ein Fallbericht. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Diabetes und geschlechtsspezifische Expressionsveränderungen der plazentaren Thyroid Hormon Rezeptoren. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1555051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Prolongationsindex zur Tragzeitverlängerung bei drohender Frühgeburt. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1555045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Galectin 2 expression in placentas of pre-eclamptic patients. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1548713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Galectin-13/PP-13 expression in term placentas of gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancies. Placenta 2014; 36:191-8. [PMID: 25499680 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasing harm in pregnancy. Inflammatory processes in the placenta seem to have an influence on pathogenesis besides known factors like maternal BMI. Galectin-13 (gal-13) is an immunoregulatory protein, which is suspected to play a role in development of GDM in the placenta. METHODS A total of 40 placentas were obtained from women treated for gestational diabetes mellitus. Placental tissue for control group was obtained from 40 women with normal pregnancy. We investigated the protein expression of gal-13 in term placentas with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemical staining was analyzed with the semi-quantified IRS score. Gal-13 serum levels were performed with ELISA on a total of 20 probes from women with GDM and healthy control pregnancies in the third trimester. RESULTS Gal-13 was found in syncytiotrophoblast, in nuclei of syncytiotrophoblast and trophoblast cells as well in extravillous trophoblast cells of normal placentas. In GDM placentas, gal-13 expression was significantly decreased in all of these examined cell types (syncytiotrophoblast p = 0.003, nuclei of syncytiotrophoblast p = 0.007; extravillous trophoblast cells p = 0.001). The ELISA showed a significant lower gal-13 serum level in blood from pregnant women with GDM in comparison to healthy controls. DISCUSSION As gal-13 with its anti-inflammatory functions plays a role in regulation of maternal immune system, a lack of gal-13 may contribute to an imbalance in inflammation processes in the placenta during pregnancy and therefore influences development of GDM.
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Chromolaparoscopy, hysteroscopy, myomectomy and hysterotomy during the early implantation phase of an undetected pregnancy: Delivery of a child with a complex brain malformation. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1388024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Expression von Galectin-13/PP-13 in der Plazenta bei Gestationsdiabetes. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1388542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Ist die Hochregulation der placentaren Estrogenrezeptoren α im Gestationsdiabetes Folge einer epigenetischen Regulation? Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1388060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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MEDULLOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Role of the LIM domain binding protein LDB1 and the LIM only factor LMO4 in SHH subgroup medulloblastoma. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Detection and characterisation of disseminated tumour cells in bone marrow of breast cancer patients by immunostaining of Her-2 and MUC-1 in combination with Thomsen-Friedenreich (CD176). Histol Histopathol 2014; 29:913-23. [PMID: 24399516 DOI: 10.14670/hh-29.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow derive from many primary tumours, such as breast cancer. Their mere existence hints to present or future metastasis and implicates a worse prognosis for the patient. DTCs may possess different characteristics in comparison to the primary tumour due to events like Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition. Therefore, these cells might be able to survive chemotherapy and cause relapses of the disease at a later point. We aimed to detect and further characterise DTCs by an immunostaining approach with three different antigen markers (Her-2, MUC-1 and TF, also known as CD 176). For that reason, bone marrow of 41 breast cancer patients was obtained during surgery; DTCs were enriched by density gradient centrifugation and cytospins were prepared. After fixation, immunofluorescent double-stainings were carried out with antibodies against CD176 in combination with HER-2 or MUC-1. Cells co-expressing two antigens were found in all staining combinations (Her-2 and CD176: 46.14%; MUC-1 and CD176: 18.15% of all cases). Cells that stained for a single antigen only were also found (Her-2: 36.86%; MUC-1: 34.45%; CD176: 29.65% of all cases). Significant correlations between the stainings of all markers could be shown (p<0,001). In conclusion, Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen (TF, CD176) is a promising marker in combination with the established marker Her-2 and other markers like MUC-1. These results may serve as a basis for future DTC detection routines and help to individualize medical treatment, reducing side effects and increasing the efficiency of the therapy.
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Expression von Galectinen in Spontan- und rezidivierenden Abort-Plazenten. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1347832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Expressionsveränderungen des Vitamin D Rezeptors bei Gestationsdiabetes - Folge eines Vitamin D Mangels? Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1347776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Abstracts. Neuro Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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LAB-PEDIATRICS LABORATORY RESEARCH. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:vi116-vi119. [PMCID: PMC3488789 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
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Expression und Regulation des Kernrezeptors PPAR γ bei Gestationsdiabetes. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1318569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Experiences from nutritional rehabilitation among under 5 children from a remote mountain area of Nepal. Rural Remote Health 2012; 12:1-3. [PMID: 22624570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
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278 Two Methods for the Detection of Breast Cancer Cells in Blood Samples. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)70345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Die Pathologie-Entbindungszeit (P-E-Zeit) vs. Entscheidung-Entbindungszeit (E-E-Zeit) als Qualitätsmerkmal in der geburtshilflichen Notfallsituation. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1293462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Die erhöhte Anfälligkeit des weiblichen Geschlechts für diabetische Programmierung – Auswirkungen eines gestörten Vitamin D Systems? Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1293255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Expression des Vitamin D Rezeptors bei Gestationsdiabetes – Gibt es geschlechtsspezifische Veränderungen? Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1278555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Antiplasmodial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Semi Purified Fractions from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes Lam. Bark of Trunk. INT J PHARMACOL 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2010.921.925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Based on nearly complete genome sequences from a variety of organisms data on naturally occurring genetic variation on the scale of hundreds of loci to entire genomes have been collected in recent years. In parallel, new statistical tests have been developed to infer evidence of recent positive selection from these data and to localize the target regions of selection in the genome. These methods have now been successfully applied to Drosophila melanogaster, humans, mice and a few plant species. In genomic regions of normal recombination rates, the targets of positive selection have been mapped down to the level of individual genes.
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["As if the feet were thinking"]. Soins Psychiatr 2000:13-6. [PMID: 11288452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Abstract
Waterbirths are increasingly being offered as an option, although concerns about associated infection risks have been expressed. We undertook an audit of current practice in our region to help formulate an infection control policy. Questionnaires were sent to the Infection Control Nurses at 16 centres, with a request for completion in conjunction with the Infection Control Doctor. Fourteen (88%) centres responded, 11 of which carried out waterbirthing. Eight had permanent on-site pools, of which five were permanently plumbed in and provided with separate water inlets and outlets. All eight centres had infection control policies for waterbirthing. Six policies included care of the pool using detergent and disinfectant (chlorine-releasing compounds) and two using detergent alone. In none of the centres were the mothers tested for blood-borne viruses. Six centres collected data on infection in mother or child, and two carried out regular microbiological testing of pools. Infection control policies for waterbirths should include instructions for pool maintenance and decontamination, for prevention of legionella, for universal precautions and for use of personal protective equipment. Post-natal surveillance of mothers and babies is required in order to ascertain infection rates.
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[Effects of different methods of tooth resection in suckling piglets]. TIERARZTLICHE PRAXIS 1993; 21:417-28. [PMID: 8248902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epizootic examinations were made on 796 newborn piglets to test the consequences of the resection of a piglet's canine and lateral incisor teeth on its first day of life. As a comparative examination the resection was carried out with side-cutter pliers or with the teeth grinder PIGMATIC 110. A third group of piglets was not treated. Histological, radiographic and bacteriological examinations were made of 10 piglets--in each case with piglets with the resection with side-cutter pliers or with the teeth grinder. 48% of ground teeth reacted with an inflammation of the pulp. The clipping of the crown of teeth with side-cutter pliers caused pulpitis in 92% of the teeth. Inflammation of the gingiva could almost only be seen around clipped teeth. Splinters only occurred with teeth which had been clipped with side-cutter pliers. Gingivitis and pulpitis extended along the splinters to the bottom of the root. Bites among the litter mates were more frequent in the group of piglets whose teeth had not been treated than in the group of piglets with resected teeth. Compared to the grinding or the clipping of needle teeth, bites to the sow's udder were much more frequent if the resection had been omitted. During the whole period of examination the mortality of piglets was at its lowest in the group of piglets with clipped teeth. The development of grinding instruments for the resection of needle teeth presents a method which reduces the negative consequences of the conventional resection with side-cutter pliers and shows clearly the advantages of resection. In terms of animal welfare, teeth resection is an amputation and therefore every case requires veterinary justification.
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