Validation of assays for measurement of oxidant compounds in saliva of pigs: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), carbonyl, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), carbonyls and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxidant compounds that can provide useful information on the oxidative status. Pigs can be affected by oxidative stress in different situations including physiological conditions such as lactation and also in different diseases, and the measurement of these three analytes in saliva could be potentially useful as biomarkers of the redox status in this species. Assays for the measurement of TBARS and carbonyls by spectrophotometry and ROS by luminol-based chemiluminescence in pigs' saliva were analytically validated and were applied in saliva of pigs after an in vitro incubation with different doses of ascorbic acid (AA). All the assays showed a satisfactory analytical precision and accuracy. The 240 h-incubation of saliva samples with 60 mM of AA induced to an increased TBARS and carbonyls production. TBARS, carbonyls and ROS can be estimated in saliva of pigs by the assays validated in this report. In addition, these assays can detect changes in the concentration of these analytes associated to incubation of saliva samples with AA.

Diagnostic value of oxidative stress markers in patients presenting with primary dysmenorrhea to the emergency department

Background and Aim

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common presentation for emergency departments. This study investigates the diagnostic value of oxidative stress and ischemia markers in patients with PD.

Materials and Methods

The participants were classified into the PD group (patients with PD) and the control group (healthy volunteers). Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis (TDH) parameters (Ds, Disulfide; NT, Native Thiol; TT, Total Thiol) and serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels of the groups were measured. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) was used for pain assessment. Bivariate correlation analysis was performed to test the relationship between NRS and oxidative stress parameters. A P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

A total of 135 patients (PD group, n = 83; Control group, n = 52) were included in the study. PD group had statistically higher oxidant biomarkers (Ds level, Ds/NT ratio and Ds/TT ratio) and lower antioxidant biomarkers (NT/TT ratio) compared to the control group (p = 0.001; 0.003; 0.002, and 0.002, respectively). Serum IMA level in the PD group was higher than in the control group (P = 0.000). There was a positive correlation between IMA and NRS score (r = 0.342, P < 0.01), but no correlation was found between the other oxidative stress parameters and NRS.

Conclusions

PD is characterized by increased oxidative stress and ischemia in the endometrium, which can be detected by TDH parameters and serum IMA. NRS score in PD patients is positively correlated with serum IMA level, which suggests IMA level can be valuable to determine the severity of endometrial ischemia and pain in patients with PD.

The relationship between severity of ulcerative colitis and thiol-disulphide homeostasis

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the study was to determine dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis in patients with ulcerative colitis, compare it with those of healthy control and to investigate the relationship between the severity of the disease and homeostasisMETHODS: A total of 78 patients and 58 healthy subjects were included in the study. Serum native thiol, total thiol and disulphide amounts were measured by using a novel automated method. Obtained results were compared and relationships were determined by correlation analysis.

RESULTS

Serum native thiol, total thiol, disulphide amounts and disulphide/native thiol percent ratio (index) were significantly lower (p = 0.003 for index ratio and p < 0.001 for other parameters) in patients with ulcerative colitis than in healthy controls. Native thiol, total thiol and disulphide amounts were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in patients with ulcerative colitis in remission than in patients with active ulcerative colitis and near to those of healthy control. There were significant negative correlations between the severity of the disease and thiol-disulphide homeostasis parameters (r = -0.55, p < 0.001 for native thiol; r = -0.64, p < 0.0001 for total thiol; r = -0.65, p < 0.001 for disulphide and r = -0.33, p = 0.011 for index).

CONCLUSION

The thiol-disulphide homeostasis was weakened in ulcerative colitis. Strong correlations between the activity of the disease and thiol-disulfide homeostasis indicate that homeostasis may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease (Tab. 3, Fig. 3, Ref. 30).

Dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis in hyperemesis gravidarum

OBJECTIVE

To determine serum thiol-disulfide homeostasis in hyperemesis gravidarum.

STUDY DESIGN

Twenty-six pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum and 37 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Native thiol, disulfide and total thiol concentrations were measured with a novel automated method.

RESULTS

Serum disulfide levels were 15.68±4.41 μmol l(-1) in the hyperemesis gravidarum group and 13.49±2.81 μmol l(-1) in the healthy group (P=0.031). Native thiol levels were 213.86±26.29 μmol l(-1) in the hyperemesis gravidarum group and 232.18±19.21 μmol l(-1) in healthy group (P=0.004), and total thiol levels were 245.23±28.58 μmol l(-1) in the hyperemesis gravidarum group and 259.17±19.94 μmol l(-1) in the healthy group (P=0.038).

CONCLUSION

Native and total thiol were deficient in the hyperemesis gravidarum group and this deficiency was correlated with the severity of the disease. The thiol-disulfide balance has shifted to the oxidative side. This metabolic disturbance may have a role in the pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum.

Evaluation of systemic oxidant/antioxidant status and paraoxonase 1 enzyme activities in psoriatic patients treated by narrow band ultraviolet B phototherapy

OBJECTIVES

Ultraviolet B is a potent oxidative stress (OS) inducer in the skin; however, there are no data about the systemic oxidative effect of narrow band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the change in the OS status of psoriatic patients who were treated by NB-UVB phototherapy and to determine the relationships between OS, psoriasis severity, and systemic inflammatory condition.

METHODS

Twenty-four psoriatic patients were treated with a total of 30 sessions of NB-UVB irradiation. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), the oxidative stress index (OSI), serum paraoxonase (PON), and arylesterase (ARE) activities before and after NB-UVB therapy were determined.

RESULTS

PASI scores significantly decreased after NB-UVB therapy (P = 0.001). The pre- and post-treatment hsCRP and TAS levels were similar (P = 0.253 and 0.301, respectively). TOS and OSI values significantly increased after phototherapy (both P < 0.001). PON and ARE activities did not change after treatment (both P > 0.05). There was no correlation between PASI and hsCRP, TAS, TOS, OSI, PON, and ARE values (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

A systemic OS may emerge in psoriatic patients treated by NB-UVB phototherapy.