1
|
Schroeder U, Himpe B, Pries R, Vonthein R, Nitsch S, Wollenberg B. Decline of lactate in tumor tissue after ketogenic diet: in vivo microdialysis study in patients with head and neck cancer. Nutr Cancer 2014; 65:843-9. [PMID: 23909728 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.804579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) aerobic glycolysis is the key feature for energy supply of the tumor. Quantitative microdialysis (μD) offers an online method to measure parameters of the carbohydrate metabolism in vivo. The aim was to standardize a quantitative μD-study in patients with HNSCC and to prove if a ketogenic diet would differently influence the carbohydrate metabolism of the tumor tissue. Commercially available 100 kDa-CMA71-μD- catheters were implanted in tumor-free and in tumor tissue in patients with HNSCC for simultaneous measurements up to 5 days. The metabolic pattern and circadian rhythm of urea, glucose, lactate, and pyruvate was monitored during 24 h of western diet and subsequent up to 4 days of ketogenic diet. After 3 days of ketogenic diet the mean lactate concentration declines to a greater extent in the tumor tissue than in the tumor-free mucosa, whereas the mean glucose and pyruvate concentrations rise. The in vivo glucose metabolism of the tumor tissue is clearly influenced by nutrition. The decline of mean lactate concentration in the tumor tissue after ketogenic diet supports the hypothesis that HNSCC tumor cells might use lactate as fuel for oxidative glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Schroeder
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schatzmayr G, Heidler D, Fuchs E, Nitsch S, Mohnl M, Täubel M, Loibner AP, Braun R, Binder EM. Investigation of different yeast strains for the detoxification of ochratoxin A. Mycotoxin Res 2013; 19:124-8. [PMID: 23604763 DOI: 10.1007/bf02942950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
High concentrations of ochratoxin A (OTA) in feed lead to growth depression in animals. It has been reported that binders can be used for deactivating aflatoxins but not for other mycotoxins without negatively influencing the animals health. In this study a strain from the genus ofTrichosporon with the ability to cleave ochratoxin A very selectively into phenylalanine and the non-toxic ochratoxin α (OTα) could be isolated. This strain was selected from a pool of OTA detoxifying microorganism by carrying out several investigations.Trichosporon sp. nov. can be fermented and stabilized. In a feeding trial with broilers lyophilizedTrichosporon-cells could compensate performance losses caused by OTA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Schatzmayr
- Biomin IAN GmbH, Industriestrasse 21, A-3130, Herzogenburg
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reisinger N, Steiner T, Nitsch S, Schatzmayr G, Applegate T. Effects of a blend of essential oils on broiler performance and intestinal morphology during coccidial vaccine exposure. J APPL POULTRY RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
4
|
Politis I, Fegeros K, Nitsch S, Schatzmayr G, Kantas D. Use ofTrichosporon mycotoxinivoransto suppress the effects of ochratoxicosis on the immune system of broiler chicks. Br Poult Sci 2010; 46:58-65. [PMID: 15835253 DOI: 10.1080/00071660400023904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
(1) The objective of this study was to determine whether the dietary inclusion of Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans (TRM) could suppress the detrimental effects of ochratoxin A (OTA) on the immune system of broiler chicks. (2) Six experimental treatments were tested in 300 1-d-old broiler chicks. Treatments included addition to a standard broiler ration of neither OTA nor TRM (Diet 1), OTA alone (500 microg/kg), OTA plus TRM at three inclusion rates (10(4) CFU/g of feed, 10(5) CFU/g, 10(6) CFU/g) and TRM alone at 10(5) CFU/g of feed. The ration was fed to chicks for 42 d. (3) Blood samples were collected at d 10, 20, 30 and 40 and macrophages and heterophils were isolated. The following variables were determined in macrophages and heterophils activated by phorbol myristate acetate (65 microM): cell viability, total cell-associated urokinase-plasminogen activator (u-PA), membrane-bound u-PA, free u-PA binding sites and superoxide production. (4) There was a decrease in the viability of macrophages and heterophils from chicks receiving OTA-contaminated feed compared to the viability of cells from control birds at d 40. Dietary TRM completely blocked the effect of OTA on cell viability; all three inclusion rates were equally effective. There was a decrease in total cell-associated and membrane-bound u-PA in macrophages and heterophils of chicks receiving OTA-contaminated feed compared to the corresponding values in control birds for heterophils at d 30 and 40 and for the macrophages at d 40. (5) Similarly, dietary TRM abolished the effect of OTA on total cell-associated and membrane-bound u-PA activity. All three inclusion rates of yeast were equally effective. Heterophils, but not macrophages, isolated from chicks receiving OTA-contaminated diet produced less superoxide anion compared to all other diet groups at d 30 and 40. (6) The immune system is a primary target of OTA toxicity in broilers: several functional properties of macrophages and heterophils were depressed in chicks fed OTA-contaminated feed. There was a delay of 30d before the immunosuppressive effect became apparent. The dietary inclusion of TRM completely blocked the detrimental effects of OTA on several immune properties in broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Politis
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Awad W, Ghareeb K, Nitsch S, Pasteiner S, Abdel-Rahe S, Böhm J. Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Prebiotic, Probiotic and Synbiotic on the Intestinal Glucose Absorption of Broiler Chickens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2008.686.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
6
|
Ghareeb K, Awad W, Nitsch S, Abdel-Rahe S, Bohm J. Effects of Transportation on Stress and Fear Responses of Growing Broilers Supplemented with Prebiotic or Probiotic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2008.678.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auricular trauma is rare but can seriously reduce self-acceptance and function. Epidemiologic data on the causes of trauma causes and patient characteristics are limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS The case notes of 141 from 197 patients with ear injuries have been reviewed retrospectively according to trauma cause and to the distribution of age and gender. RESULTS Two thirds of the documented cases occurred between the age of 11 and 40 years. Men outnumbered women at a ratio of 2 to 1. The most frequent causes for ear trauma were traffic accidents (43 %), accidents at home (33 %), and fights (14 %). CONCLUSIONS Mainly younger and active groups of the population are affected by ear trauma. Therefore, it is of particular concern in the acute setting to select those therapeutic options that have turned out good aesthetic and functional results in the long-term perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Steffen
- Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohren-Heilkunde und Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wollenberg B, Beltrame M, Schönweiler R, Gehrking E, Nitsch S, Steffen A, Frenzel H. Integration des aktiven Mittelohrimplantates in die plastische Ohrmuschelrekonstruktion. HNO 2007; 55:349-56. [PMID: 17356875 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-007-1540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with high-grade microtia and atresia require a sophisticated and specific treatment. Apart from the plastic reconstruction of the auricle, in some cases hearing rehabilitation is medically indicated or is desired by the patients. The long-term results of simultaneous middle ear reconstruction with tympanoplasty are often inadequate owing to a persisting air-bone gap, and new techniques in hearing rehabilitation are needed for these patients. METHODS We present three cases of unilateral atresia to illustrate a combined approach integrating hearing rehabilitation using the active middle ear implant Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) into plastic auricular reconstruction. The VSB was attached to the stapes suprastructure via the titanium clip in two of these cases and in the third case a subfacial approach was used to attach it directly to the membrane of the round window. RESULTS The air-bone gap was reduced to 17 dB, 14 dB and 0.25 dB HL. In free-field speech recognition tests at 65 dB SPL the patients achieved 100%, 90% and 100% recognition with the activated implant. No postoperative complications such as facial nerve paresis, vertigo or inner ear damage were found. CONCLUSIONS The integration of active middle ear implants in auricular reconstruction opens up a new approach in complete hearing rehabilitation. The additional implantation of the VSB does not have any negative effect on the healing process or the cosmetic outcome of the auricular reconstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Wollenberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde & Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck,.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mountzouris KC, Tsirtsikos P, Kalamara E, Nitsch S, Schatzmayr G, Fegeros K. Evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus strains in promoting broiler performance and modulating cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities. Poult Sci 2007; 86:309-17. [PMID: 17234844 DOI: 10.1093/ps/86.2.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the efficacy of a new multibacterial species probiotic in broiler nutrition. The probiotic contained 2 Lactobacillus strains, 1 Bifidobacterium strain, 1 Enterococcus strain, and 1 Pediococcus strain. Four hundred 1-d-old male Cobb broilers were allocated in 4 experimental treatments for 6 wk. The experimental treatments received a corn-soybean basal diet and were as follows: "control," with no other additions; "probiotic in feed and water," (PFW) with probiotic administered at 1 g/kg of feed for the whole period and in water on scheduled intervals during the first 4 wk; "probiotic in feed," (PF) with probiotic in feed as in PFW; and "antibiotic," (AB) with addition of avilamycin at 2.5 mg/kg of feed. Salinomycin Na was used as a coccidiostat. Each treatment had 5 replicates of 20 broilers. Treatment effects on parameters of broiler performance and cecal microbial ecology were determined. Broiler BW, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were determined on a weekly and overall basis. Cecal microflora composition, concentration of volatile fatty acids, and activities of 5 bacterial glycolytic enzymes (alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase, and beta-glucuronidase) were determined at the end of the experiment. Overall, treatment PFW displayed a growth-promoting effect that did not differ from AB. Overall, feed conversion ratio in treatment AB was significantly better (P < or = 0.01) than the control treatment, whereas treatments PFW and PF were intermediate and not different from AB. Concentrations of bacteria belonging to Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., and gram-positive cocci were significantly (P < or = 0.05) higher in treatments PFW and PF compared with the control and AB treatments. Treatments PFW and PF had significantly higher specific activities of alpha-galactosidase and beta-galactosidase compared with the control and AB treatments. In conclusion, probiotic treatment PFW displayed a growth-promoting effect that was comparable to avilamycin treatment. In addition, treatments PFW and PF modulated the composition and, to an extent, the activities of the cecal microflora, resulting in a significant probiotic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Mountzouris
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
The incidence of microtia in Germany is 100-150 per year. These cases require a specific and challenging therapy. All patients need audiologic consultation. If desired plastic reconstruction is performed, which is aiming at achieving a lifelike as possible appearance corresponding to the shape of the opposite ear including an excellent skin color. The present paper describes background information, the interdisciplinary schedule of treatment, and the results of our operative strategy in two to three steps using autologous rib cartilage. Furthermore we expand on anomalous cases of microtia which require a modified procedure. In dystopic microtia, repositioning of the rudiment is necessary before reconstruction. In cases of excessive scar tissue due to injuries or previous operations, a one-step reconstruction using an axial fascia flap can be useful.
Collapse
|
11
|
van Rijn LJ, Wilhelm H, Emesz M, Kaper R, Heine S, Nitsch S, Grabner G, Völker-Dieben HJ. Relation between perceived driving disability and scores of vision screening tests. Br J Ophthalmol 2002; 86:1262-4. [PMID: 12386085 PMCID: PMC1771355 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.86.11.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the relation between perceived driving disability and vision screening tests. METHODS 93 subjects, aged 50 years and over, with binocular visual acuity of at least 20/80. Perceived driving disability (PDD) was assessed by a questionnaire. Subtracting daytime from night-time driving question scores revealed PDD at night (PDDN), subtracting scores of questions for driving in familiar places from those in unfamiliar places revealed PDD at unfamiliar places (PDDU). RESULTS PDD was strongly related to visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and useful field of view (UFOV). Specific relations existed between PDDN and Nyktotests and Mesotests and between PDDU and UFOV. These associations were enhanced in a subset of subjects with better visual acuities. CONCLUSIONS Vision screening tests correlate well with perceived driving disabilities, especially when a subtraction method is used in the questionnaire to reveal condition dependent disabilities. Additional tests for visual acuity are useful, especially in subjects with better visual acuity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L J van Rijn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Radbruch A, Nitsch S, Holzknecht B, Gromnica-Ihle E, Schneider S, Hiepe F, Thiel A. In vivo preactivated autoreactive Th cells in healthy individuals. Arthritis Res Ther 2001. [PMCID: PMC3273273 DOI: 10.1186/ar227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
13
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was designed to prospectively evaluate the driving habits of patients with retinal diseases, who were referred to the specialised retinal ambulatory care center of the Landesaugenklinik Salzburg. The main purpose of this study was to compare the legal requirements for visual acuity, as currently valid in Austria and Germany for driving motor vehicles, with the results found in this patients cohort and to analyse driving patterns of the patients with valid licenses. With these data, it seems possible to suggest a suitable time for a legally mandatory eye examination as to identify subjects with a potentially rising higher accident risk when driving. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 100 patients - all holders of a valid driving licence - with diabetic retinopathy or age related macular degeneration were enrolled. From each patient, the visual acuity (corrected or uncorrected depending on the driving habit) was recorded and a detailed questionnaire regarding the actual driving habits was requested. The resulting data were analysed in view of the legal requirements of both countries, Austria and Germany. RESULTS Of 100 patients holding a valid driving licence a total of 31 were driving their motor vehicles with a legally insufficient visual acuity, 26 of 50 still driving. Of 50 patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy, 26 drove their cars illegally. Only 4 out of the above mentioned 31 patients had received sufficient information from their referring ophthalmologists. The average age of "illegal" drivers was 66.2 years. CONCLUSIONS Within the European Community common legal requirements for driving a motor vehicle (regarding mainly the visual acuity) be clearly defined and a mandatory eye exam performed by qualified ophthalmologists for older subjects should be postulated. An individual and age related time limit to be placed on the driving licences of persons suffering from systemic diseases associated with relevant visual loss should to be discussed. Furthermore, ophthalmologists should be obliged to give detailed information to the patient with adequate documentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Emesz
- Landesklinik für Augenheilkunde und Optometrie, St. Johanns-Spital, Landeskliniken Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, A-5020 Salzburg.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Irsch J, Nitsch S, Hansmann ML, Rajewsky K, Tesch H, Diehl V, Jox A, Küppers R, Radbruch A. Isolation of viable Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells from Hodgkin disease tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:10117-22. [PMID: 9707610 PMCID: PMC21471 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.17.10117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin disease (HD) is characterized by a small number of malignant Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H/RS) cells among a major population of nonmalignant cells. The analysis of H/RS cells has been hampered by their low frequency and fragility. Here, we describe the isolation of viable H/RS cells from HD affected tissues by high gradient magnetic cell sorting (MACS) according to expression of CD30. The cells were enriched to a purity of up to 50%. H/RS cells were distinguished from other CD30(+) cells by the expression of CD15, their size and granularity. No CD30/CD15 double-positive cells could be enriched from a lymph node affected by the lymphocyte predominant subtype of HD, activated lymph nodes or peripheral blood of healthy donors. For two cases of HD individual MACS-purified H/RS cells and H/RS cells micromanipulated from tissue sections of the same lymphoma specimens were analyzed for Ig gene rearrangements. In both cases, identical V gene rearrangements were amplified from both sources of H/RS cells, showing that H/RS cells were successfully enriched. Moreover, the finding that in both cases no additional Ig gene rearrangements other than the ones identified in the H/RS cells micromanipulated from tissue sections were amplified from the MACS-purified H/RS cells further supports the monoclonality of these cells throughout the affected lymph nodes. The isolation of viable H/RS cells ex vivo is prerequisite for a direct study of gene expression by those cells and of their interaction with cells in their vicinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Irsch
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nitsch S. [Psychological rehabilitation as social learning process--on the application of the communication therapy in rehabilitation (author's transl)]. Rehabilitation (Stuttg) 1976; 15:39-46. [PMID: 135320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As, from the socio-psychological point of view, disability constitutes a communication problem, it was studied in how far the principles of communication therapy - originally developed for the treatment of marriage and family problems - can be applied to the psychological rehabilitation of the disabled. The author and her colleagues are of the opinion that the communication therapeutic approach can essentially improve the rehabilitation process, especially through the direct involvement of everyday social partners.
Collapse
|