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Abstract
We correlate an overlapping period of earthshine measurements of Earth's reflectance (from 1999 through mid-2001) with satellite observations of global cloud properties to construct from the latter a proxy measure of Earth's global shortwave reflectance. This proxy shows a steady decrease in Earth's reflectance from 1984 to 2000, with a strong climatologically significant drop after 1995. From 2001 to 2003, only earthshine data are available, and they indicate a complete reversal of the decline. Understanding how the causes of these decadal changes are apportioned between natural variability, direct forcing, and feedbacks is fundamental to confidently assessing and predicting climate change.
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Earthshine and the Earth's albedo: 2. Observations and simulations over 3 years. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Revisiting the problem of intron-exon identification, we use a principal component analysis (PCA) to classify DNA sequences and present first results that validate our approach. Sequences are translated into document vectors that represent their word content; a principal component analysis then defines Gaussian-distributed sequence classes. The classification uses word content and variation of word usage to distinguish sequences. We test our approach with several data sets of genomic DNA and are able to classify introns and exons with an accuracy of up to 96%. We compare the method with the best traditional coding measure, the non-overlapping hexamer frequency count, and find that the PCA method produces better results. We also investigate the degree of cross-validation between different data sets of introns and exons and find evidence that the quality of a data set can be detected.
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Shell Model Monte Carlo Studies of gamma -Soft Nuclei. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:1444-1447. [PMID: 10063080 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Shell model Monte Carlo method for two-neutrino double beta decay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 76:2642-2645. [PMID: 10060752 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.2642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Shell-model Monte Carlo studies of fp-shell nuclei. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1995; 52:718-725. [PMID: 9970562 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.52.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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7Be(p, gamma )8B cross section and the properties of 7Be. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1995; 52:1130-1133. [PMID: 9970605 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.52.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Demonstration of the auxiliary-field Monte Carlo approach for sd-shell nuclei. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1994; 49:1422-1427. [PMID: 9969365 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.49.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Practical solution to the Monte Carlo sign problem: Realistic calculations of 54Fe. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:613-616. [PMID: 10056479 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Monte Carlo evaluation of path integrals for the nuclear shell model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1993; 48:1518-1545. [PMID: 9968994 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.1518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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alpha spectrum from 16N beta decay and the 12C( alpha, gamma )16O reaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1993; 48:2114-2116. [PMID: 9969062 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.2114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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One- and two-electron atomic screening in fusion reactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1993; 48:837-840. [PMID: 9968894 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Comment on "Shadow model for sub-barrier fusion applied to light systems". PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1993; 48:479-480. [PMID: 9968853 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Optical model description of parity-nonconserving neutron resonances. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 69:1163-1166. [PMID: 10047143 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Determining the 12C( alpha, gamma ) 16O cross section from Coulomb dissociation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1992; 46:382-384. [PMID: 9968123 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.46.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Baryon-antibaryon annihilation in the Skyrme model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1992; 45:4303-4306. [PMID: 10014335 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.45.4303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Level matrix, 16N beta decay, and the 12C( alpha, gamma )16O reaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1991; 44:2530-2535. [PMID: 9967688 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.44.2530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Final-state effects on the deep-inelastic response of liquid 4He. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 65:2792-2795. [PMID: 10042696 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.65.2792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Branching ratios in low-energy deuteron-induced reactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1990; 42:1639-1645. [PMID: 9966898 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.42.1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Estimates of cluster-impact fusion yields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1990; 42:1379-1389. [PMID: 9904168 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.42.1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Constraints on the 12C( alpha, gamma )16O astrophysical S factor from the beta-delayed alpha emission of 16N. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1990; 41:1736-1741. [PMID: 9966521 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.41.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Quasielastic response with a real-time path-integral Monte Carlo method. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:6741-6750. [PMID: 9992927 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.6741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Molecular-dynamics simulations of atomic ionization by strong laser fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 39:5676-5685. [PMID: 9901150 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.39.5676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Simulation of vacancies in a two-dimensional Ising antiferromagnet. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:8958-8966. [PMID: 9945678 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.8958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Positron interactions with high-Z atoms at relativistic energies. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1988; 38:2274-2283. [PMID: 9900633 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.38.2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Quantum chaos in a schematic shell model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1988; 37:3499-3513. [PMID: 9900097 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.37.3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Atomic response to strong laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1988; 37:1541-1551. [PMID: 9899828 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.37.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Structure of matter in strong magnetic fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1987; 36:4163-4175. [PMID: 9899369 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.36.4163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Importance of the deuteron quadrupole moment in sup2H. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1987; 36:875-878. [PMID: 9954158 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.36.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Proposed experiment to produce and detect light pseudoscalars. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 59:759-762. [PMID: 10035864 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.59.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Subbarrier interactions of the oxygen isotopes. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1987; 36:633-639. [PMID: 9954120 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.36.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Heavy-Ion Collisions: Frontiers In Nuclear Dynamics. Science 1986; 232:409. [PMID: 17792155 DOI: 10.1126/science.232.4748.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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U(1) lattice gauge theory in the electric-field representation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1986; 33:1795-1805. [PMID: 9956830 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.33.1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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42
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Hartree-Fock calculations of atoms and molecular chains in strong magnetic fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1986; 33:2084-2086. [PMID: 9896855 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.33.2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Exact ground-state properties of the SU(2) Hamiltonian lattice gauge theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1985; 31:3201-3212. [PMID: 9955653 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.31.3201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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44
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Mean-field calculations of fluctuations in nuclear collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1985; 54:1139-1141. [PMID: 10030941 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.54.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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