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Riaz S, Nasreen S, Burhan Z, Shafique S, Alvi SA, Khan MA. Microplastics assessment in Arabian Sea fishes: accumulation, characterization, and method development. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e270694. [PMID: 36790302 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.270694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Around the globe, plastic has been entering the aquatic system and is ingested by organisms. Identification, optimal digestion method, and characterization of the polymers to trace sources are of growing importance. Hence, the present work investigated microplastics accumulation, digestion protocol efficiency, and characterization of polymers with FTIR analysis in the guts of five fishes (Lethrinus nebulosus, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Acanthopagrus arabicus, Otolithes ruber, and Euryglossa orientalis) from the Karachi coastal area, Arabian Sea. A total of 1154 microplastics (MPs) were ingested by 29 out of 33 fish species (87%). The highest average MP/fish was recorded in Otolithes ruber (54) and the lowest in Rastrelliger kanagurta (19.42). Microfibers were the most abundant shape with the highest numbers (35.52%) as compared to the rest of the MPs identified. Transparent microfibers were recorded as the highest in numbers followed by red, black, blue, and green. In this study, KOH with different concentrations and exposure times along with oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide was tested (Protocols 3 and 4). Results showed these bases were highly efficient in obtaining optimal digestion of the samples. FTIR analysis confirmed that the majority of the polymers found in the fish guts were polyethylene and polypropylene. This study validated for the first time the presence of these polymers of plastic in marine fish from Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Riaz
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Nasreen
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Z Burhan
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Shafique
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S A Alvi
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Applied Chemistry Research Centre, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
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Shafique S, Khan A, Ahmad S. T298 Serum myeloperoxidase as predictive marker in different stages of chronic kidney disease leading to end stage renal disease. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abbas SR, Khan RT, Shafique S, Mumtaz S, Khan AA, Khan AM, Hassan Z, Hussain SA, Abbas S, Abbas MR, Batool A, Safder MA. Study of resveratrol against bone loss by using in-silico and in-vitro methods. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e248024. [PMID: 34932613 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.248024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
By applying the in-silico method, resveratrol was docked on those proteins which are responsible for bone loss. The Molecular docking data between the resveratrol and Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa-Β ligand [RANKL] receptors proved that resveratrol binds tightly to the receptors, showed the highest binding affinities of -6.9, -7.6, -7.1, -6.9, -6.7, and -7.1 kcal/mol. According to in-vitro data, Resveratrol reduced the osteoclasts after treating Marrow-Derived Macrophages [BMM] with Macrophage colony-stimulating factor [MCSF] 20ng / ml and RANKL 50ng / ml, with different concentrations of resveratrol (2.5, 10 μg / ml) For 7 days, the cells were treated with MCSF (20 ng / ml) and RANKL (40 ng / ml) together with concentrated trimethyl ether and resveratrol (2.5, 10 μg / ml) within 12 hours. Which, not affect cell survival. After fixing osteoclast cells with formaldehyde fixative on glass coverslip followed by incubation with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 min and after that stain with rhodamine phalloidin staining for actin and Hoechst for nuclei. Fluorescence microscopy was performed to see the distribution of filaments actin [F.actin]. Finally, resveratrol reduced the actin ring formation. Resveratrol is the best bioactive compound for drug preparation against bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Abbas
- Karakoram International University, Department of Biological Sciences, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - R T Khan
- University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Department of Botany, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - S Shafique
- University of Poonch, Department of Plant Breeding and Molecular Genetics, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - S Mumtaz
- Karakoram International University, Department of Biological Sciences, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - A A Khan
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, College of Agriculture Bahadur Campus, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - A M Khan
- University of Sargodha, Department of Biotechnology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Z Hassan
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, College of Agriculture Bahadur Campus, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - S A Hussain
- Karakoram International University, Department of Biological Sciences, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - S Abbas
- Karakoram International University, Department of Biological Sciences, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - M R Abbas
- University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Department of Computer Sciences and IT, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - A Batool
- Virtual University Lahore, Department of Biotechnology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M A Safder
- Karakoram International University, Department of Biological Sciences, Gilgit, Pakistan
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Xing R, Mustapha O, Ali T, Rehman M, Zaidi SS, Baseer A, Batool S, Mukhtiar M, Shafique S, Malik M, Sohail S, Ali Z, Zahid F, Zeb A, Shah F, Yousaf A, Din F. Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of SLN-Loaded Thermoresponsive Hydrogel System of Topotecan as Biological Macromolecule for Colorectal Delivery. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:9968602. [PMID: 34285920 PMCID: PMC8275402 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9968602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapeutic drugs cause severe toxicities if administered unprotected, without proper targeting, and controlled release. In this study, we developed topotecan- (TPT-) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for their chemotherapeutic effect against colorectal cancer. The TPT-SLNs were further incorporated into a thermoresponsive hydrogel system (TRHS) (TPT-SLNs-TRHS) to ensure control release and reduce toxicity of the drug. Microemulsion technique and cold method were, respectively, used to develop TPT-SLNs and TPT-SLNs-TRHS. Particle size, polydispersive index (PDI), and incorporation efficiency (IE) of the TPT-SLNs were determined. Similarly, gelation time, gel strength, and bioadhesive force studies of the TPT-SLNs-TRHS were performed. Additionally, in vitro release and pharmacokinetic and antitumour evaluations of the formulation were done. RESULTS TPT-SLNs have uniformly distributed particles with mean size in nanorange (174 nm) and IE of ~90%. TPT-SLNs-TRHS demonstrated suitable gelation properties upon administration into the rat's rectum. Moreover, drug release was exhibited in a control manner over an extended period of time for the incorporated TPT. Pharmacokinetic studies showed enhanced bioavailability of the TPT with improved plasma concentration and AUC. Further, it showed significantly enhanced antitumour effect in tumour-bearing mice as compared to the test formulations. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that SLNs incorporated in TRHS could be a potential source of the antitumour drug delivery with better control of the drug release and no toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing 100038, China
| | - O. Mustapha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, DOW University of Health Sciences, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - T. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, DOW University of Health Sciences, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M. Rehman
- HE.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - S. S. Zaidi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, DOW University of Health Sciences, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A. Baseer
- Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - S. Batool
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M. Mukhtiar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, AJK, Pakistan
| | - S. Shafique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, DOW University of Health Sciences, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M. Malik
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S. Sohail
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Z. Ali
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F. Zahid
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A. Zeb
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Sector G-7/4, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - F. Shah
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Sector G-7/4, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - A. Yousaf
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - F. Din
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Tuly I, Bhattacharyya D, Shafique S, Hossain SH, Anwar I. Gender disparity in the physicians in public sector in Bangladesh: a mixed-method exploratory study. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Gender equality is needed in health service delivery systems to support universal health coverage (UHC). Women are reluctant to visit male doctors for medical problems. However, number of female doctors is inadequate in many low and middle income countries (LMICs) which is a challenge for establishing gender-sensitive health system. We explored the production and distribution of female physicians in the public sector in Bangladesh to support policy for actions.
Methodology
This is a mixed-method exploratory study using documentary review; Key Informant Interviews and secondary data analysis. Multiple stakeholder consultations and a policy dialogue were organized to validate the study findings.
Results
An increasing trend of female medical students was observed since 2011 in admission. In 2018, out of total 5528 students enrolled, 54% were female whereas 46% were male. However, fewer female doctors were enrolled in the public service compared to their male peers. The male-female ratio was almost 2:1 in the public sector. Out of 471 sub-district health managers, 52 were female; out of 64 district health mangers only one was female; and out of 8 Division Directors only one was female. Female doctors reported to face practical problems in rural settings with regard to housing, safety and security. There is no provision of deploying married couples at the same or nearby health facilities. All these compelled female doctors to quit rural posting or even the government service. Moreover, female physicians prefer certain specialties such as obstetrics and gynaecology, medicine and certain basic subjects which may create more gender imbalance in service delivery system.
Conclusions
In adequate number of female physicians in public sector and their retention in rural areas is a major concern for the health systems in Bangladesh. Policy attention is needed to take necessary steps to make gender-responsive health systems to improve health service to achieve UHC.
Key messages
Poor presence of female physicians in deployed doctors in public sector in Bangladesh creates problems in health service delivery and is becoming a major concern for the health systems in Bangladesh. Policy needs to take remedial measures to make women-friendly working environment in the public sector hospitals in Bangladesh to provide health service delivery for all leaving no one behind.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tuly
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - D Bhattacharyya
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S Shafique
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S h Hossain
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - I Anwar
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Saif-Ur-Rahman KM, Hasan M, Shafique S, Hossain S, Rahman A, Haseen F, Khalequzzaman M, Sharif I, Anwar I. Indices used to measure inequalities in health related studies among South Asian urban population. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx189.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ikeda N, Araki T, Dey N, Bose S, Shafique S, El-Baz A, Cuadrado Godia E, Anzidei M, Saba L, Suri JS. Automated and accurate carotid bulb detection, its verification and validation in low quality frozen frames and motion video. INT ANGIOL 2014; 33:573-589. [PMID: 24658129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) measurements during clinical trials need to have a fixed reference point (also called as bulb edge points) in the anatomy from which the cIMT can be measured. Identification of the bulb edge points in carotid ultrasound images faces the challenge to be detected automatically due to low image quality and variations in ultrasound images, motion artefacts, image acquisition protocols, position of the patient, and orientation of the linear probe with respect to bulb and ultrasound gain controls during acquisition. METHODS This paper presents a patented comprehensive methodology for carotid bulb localization and bulb edge detection as a reference point. The method consists of estimating the lumen-intima borders accurately using classification paradigm. Transition points are located automatically based on curvature characteristics. Further we verify and validate the locations of bulb edge points using combination of several local image processing methods such as (i) lumen-intima shapes, (ii) bulb slopes, (iii) bulb curvature, (iv) mean lumen thickness and its variations, and (v) geometric shape fitting. RESULTS Our database consists of 155 ultrasound bulb images taken from various ultrasound machines with varying resolutions and imaging conditions. Further we run our automated system blindly to spot out the bulbs in a mixture database of 336 images consisting of bulbs and no-bulbs. We are able to detect the bulbs in the bulb database with 100% accuracy having 92% as close as to a neurologists's bulb location. Our mean lumen-intima error is 0.0133 mm with precision against the manual tracings to be 98.92%. Our bulb detection system is fast and takes on an average 9 seconds per image for detection for the bulb edge points and 4 seconds for verification/validation of the bulb edge points.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ikeda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan -
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Rashid SA, Rehmani FS, Arman M, Ibrahim M, Shafique S. Estimation of Moisture Content & Metal Ions in White Flowers of Bougainvillea spectabilis and Purple Flowers of Bougainvillea glabra in Pakistan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.15228/2011.v01.i04.p08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khan S, Habib R, Mir H, Umm-e-Kalsoom, Naz G, Ayub M, Shafique S, Yamin T, Ali N, Basit S, Wasif N, Kamran-ul-Hassan Naqvi S, Ali G, Wali A, Ansar M, Ahmad W. Mutations in the LPAR6 and LIPH genes underlie autosomal recessive hypotrichosis/woolly hair in 17 consanguineous families from Pakistan. Clin Exp Dermatol 2011; 36:652-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2011.04014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Shafique S, Imran R, Rana A, Shabbir M. Gender stereotyping issues and health. Journal of Men's Health 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jomh.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Shafique S, Murphy MP, Sawchuk AP, Cikrit D, Dalsing MC. Femoral Arterial Access Management for Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Evolution and Outcome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 21:29-33. [DOI: 10.1177/1531003509333580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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