Wenzel P, Müller J, Zurmeyer S, Schuhmacher S, Schulz E, Oelze M, Pautz A, Kawamoto T, Wojnowski L, Kleinert H, Münzel T, Daiber A. ALDH-2 deficiency increases cardiovascular oxidative stress--evidence for indirect antioxidative properties.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007;
367:137-43. [PMID:
18157936 DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.089]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Accepted: 12/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation related to toxic aldehydes; additionally, it provides a bioactivating pathway for nitroglycerin. Since acetaldehyde, nitroglycerin, and doxorubicin treatment provoke mitochondrial oxidative stress, we used ALDH-2(-/-) mice and purified recombinant human ALDH-2 to test the hypothesis that ALDH-2 has an indirect antioxidant function in mitochondria. Antioxidant capacity of purified ALDH-2 was comparable to equimolar doses of glutathione, cysteine, and dithiothreitol; mitochondrial oxidative stress was comparable in C57Bl6 and ALDH-2(-/-) mice after acute challenges with nitroglycerin or doxorubicin, whereas chronic acetaldehyde, nitroglycerin, and doxorubicin treatment dose-dependently increased mitochondrial ROS formation and impaired endothelial function to a greater extent in ALDH-2(-/-) mice. Maximal nitroglycerin dose applied in vivo lead to a "super-desensitized" nitroglycerin response in isolated ALDH-2(-/-) aortas, inaccessible in C57Bl6 mice. Our results suggest that ALDH-2 has an indirect antioxidative property independent of its thiol-moiety in disease states of cardiovascular oxidative stress.
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