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Anti-factor B antibodies in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:1909-1916. [PMID: 38252289 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is unknown in 30-40% of patients. Anti-factor B (FB) antibodies are reported in C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and immune-complex membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (IC-MPGN), though not in aHUS. METHODS We screened patients < 18-year-old from cohorts of aHUS and C3G/idiopathic IC-MPGN. Anti-FB IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA and confirmed by Western blot. Normative levels were based on antibody levels in 103 healthy blood donors. RESULTS Prevalence of anti-FB antibodies was 9.7% (95% CI 6.1-14.5%; n = 21) in 216 patients with aHUS, including 11.5% (95% CI 6.4-18.5%; n = 14) in anti-FH associated aHUS and 11.8% (95% CI 4.4-23.9%; n = 6) in patients without a definitive genetic or autoimmune etiology. Patients with significant genetic variants did not show anti-FB antibodies. In patients with concomitant anti-FB and anti-FH antibodies, median anti-FH titers were higher (11,312 AU/mL vs. 4920 AU/mL; P = 0.04). Anti-FB antibody titer correlated with disease severity (hemoglobin and platelets; P < 0.05), declined following plasma exchange and increased during relapse. While 4/64 patients with C3G (6.3%) and 1/17 with IC-MPGN showed anti-FB antibodies, titers were higher in aHUS (544.8 AU/mL vs. 1028.8 AU/mL; P = 0.003). CONCLUSION Anti-FB antibodies are present in 6-10% of patients with aHUS and C3G/IC-MPGN, with higher titers in the former. The diagnostic and therapeutic implication of anti-FB antibodies in aHUS needs confirmation and further studies. The study shows propensity for autoantibody generation and co-existence of multiple risk factors for aHUS in Indian children.
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Incident Breakthrough Seizures, Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Parameters in a Cohort of Children and Adolescents With Neurocysticercosis: A Longitudinal Observational Study. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 151:45-52. [PMID: 38101307 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study estimated incident breakthrough seizures, serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in five- to 18-year-olds with neurocysticercosis (NCC) from colloidal or vesicular through calcified stages over at least 24 months' follow-up. METHODS Single, colloidal, or vesicular parenchymal NCC cases were treated with albendazole and steroids and followed at a tertiary care north Indian hospital. Serum MMP-9 was estimated in colloidal or vesicular treatment-naive state and in a subset of calcified cases at six-month follow-up. The same subset of calcified cases also underwent perfusion MRI of the brain at six-month follow-up. RESULTS Among 70 cases, 70% calcified at six-month follow-up. Over a median follow-up of 30 months, the incidence of breakthrough seizures was 48.6% (61.2% in calcified and 19.2% in resolved, P = 0.001; 32.9% early [within six months] and 15.7% late [beyond six months], P = 0.02). Serum MMP-9 levels were higher in colloidal and vesicular compared with calcified stage (242.5 vs 159.8 ng/mL, P = 0.007); however, there was no significant association with breakthrough seizures and/or calcification in follow-up. In a subgroup of calcified cases (n = 31), the median relative cerebral blood volume on perfusion MRI in and around the lesion was lower in those with seizures (n = 12) than in those without (n = 19) (10.7 vs 25.2 mL/100 g, P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In post-treatment colloidal or vesicular NCC, incident breakthrough seizures decrease beyond six months. In calcified NCC with remote breakthrough seizures, significant perilesional hypoperfusion is seen compared with those without seizures.
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Significant enhancement in the cold emission characteristics of chemically synthesized super-hydrophobic zinc oxide rods by nickel doping. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6944-6957. [PMID: 38059027 PMCID: PMC10696928 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00776f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The current article presents a huge enhancement in the field emission characteristics of zinc oxide (ZnO) micro/nanorods by nickel doping. The synthesis of pure and nickel-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) micro/nanorods was done by a simple low-temperature chemical method. Both the as-prepared pure and doped samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy to confirm the proper phase formation and the developed microstructure. UV-vis transmittance spectra helped in determining the band gap of the samples. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed the different bonds present in the sample, whereas X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of nickel in the doped sample. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra showed that after doping, the band-to-band transition was affected, whereas defect-induced transition had increased significantly. After the nickel doping, contact angle measurement revealed a significant decrease in the sample's surface energy, leading to a remarkably high water contact angle (within the superhydrophobic region). Simulation through ANSYS suggested that the doped sample has the potential to function as an efficient cold emitter, which was also verified experimentally. The cold emission characteristics of the doped sample showed a significant improvement, with the turn-on field (corresponding to J = 1 μA cm-2) reduced from 5.34 to 2.84 V μm-1. The enhancement factor for the doped sample reached 3426, approximately 1.5 times higher compared to pure ZnO. Efforts have been made to explain the results, given the favorable band bending as well as the increased number of effective emission sites.
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Establishing proof of concept for utility of Trueprep ®-extracted DNA in line-probe assay testing. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:742-747. [PMID: 37749831 PMCID: PMC10519390 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: With an increased demand for rapid, diagnostic tools for TB and drug resistance detection, Truenat® MTB-RIF assay has proven to be a rapid point of care molecular test. The present study aimed to establish a proof of concept of using Trueprep-extracted DNA for line-probe assay (LPA) testing.METHODS: A total of 150 sputum samples (MTB-positive at Truenat sites) were divided into two aliquots. One aliquot was used for DNA extraction using the Trueprep device and MTB testing. The second aliquot of the sample was subjected to GenoLyse® DNA extraction. DNA from both the Trueprep and GenoLyse methods was subjected to first-line (FL) and second-line (SL) LPA testing.RESULTS: Of 139 Trueprep-extracted DNA, respectively 135 (97%) and 105 (75%) had interpretable results by FL and SL-LPA testing. Of 128 GenoLyse-extracted DNA, all 128 (100%) had interpretable FL-LPA results and 114 (89%) had interpretable SL-LPA results.CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study indicate that Trueprep-extracted DNA can be used in obtaining valid LPA results. However, the study needs to be conducted on a larger sample size before our recommendations can be used for policy-making decisions.
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PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, THE GREAT MASQUERADER, PRESENTING AS REVERSIBLE CARDIOMYOPATHY: PRIMUM NON NOCERE. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2023; 19:370-375. [PMID: 38356978 PMCID: PMC10863964 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2023.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Pheochromocytoma, the great masquerader, can have a varied spectrum of clinical manifestations. It can often cause a diagnostic challenge despite the availability of modern investigation modalities. Case We present the case of a 38-year-old male who presented with uncontrolled hypertension for the past 10 years and heart failure for one year. The diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was missed in the initial setting, leading to a biopsy of the retroperitoneal mass. Fortunately, the patient survived the procedure. Subsequently, with the involvement of a multi-disciplinary team, he was optimized for surgery under strict cardiac monitoring. After the complete excision of the tumour, he showed significant improvement not only in his clinical symptoms but also in his cardiac status. Conclusions This case emphasizes the age-old medical phrase of 'Primum non nocere or first, do no harm'. Any invasive procedure in a pheochromocytoma can lead to a massive release of catecholamines causing a hypertensive crisis, pulmonary oedema, and even cardiac arrest. Any young patient presenting with hypertension or heart failure should be investigated for secondary causes. Cardiomyopathy due to pheochromocytoma is because of catecholamine overload and usually reverses or improves after curative surgery.
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Procalcitonin for Detecting Culture-Positive Sepsis in Neonates: A Prospective, Multicenter Study. Neonatology 2023; 120:642-651. [PMID: 37336195 DOI: 10.1159/000529640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is unclear if serum procalcitonin (PCT) estimated at sepsis suspicion can help detect culture-positive sepsis in neonates. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of PCT in culture-positive sepsis in neonates. METHODS This was a prospective study (February 2016 to September 2020) conducted in four level-3 units in India. We enrolled neonates suspected of sepsis in the first 28 days of life. Neonates with birth weight <750 g, asphyxia, shock, and major malformations were excluded. Blood for PCT assay was drawn along with the blood culture at the time of suspicion of sepsis and before antibiotic initiation. The investigators labeled the neonates as having culture-positive sepsis or "no sepsis" based on the culture reports and clinical course. PCT assay was performed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, and the clinicians were masked to the PCT levels while assigning the label of sepsis. Primary outcomes were the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios to identify culture-positive sepsis. RESULTS The mean birth weight (SD) and median gestation (IQR) were 2,113 (727) g and 36 (32-38) weeks, respectively. Of the 1,204 neonates with eligible cultures, 155 (12.9%) had culture-positive sepsis. Most (79.4%) were culture-positive within 72 h of birth. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios at 2 ng/mL PCT threshold were 52.3% (95% confidence interval: 44.1-60.3), 64.5% (60.7-68.1), 1.47 (1.23-1.76), and 0.74 (0.62-0.88), respectively. Adding PCT to assessing neonates with 12.9% pretest probability of sepsis generated posttest probabilities of 18% and 10% for positive and negative test results, respectively. CONCLUSION Serum PCT did not reliably identify culture-positive sepsis in neonates.
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Retraction Note: Role of inhibitors of serine peptidases in protecting Leishmania donovani against the hydrolytic peptidases of sand fly midgut. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:113. [PMID: 36973726 PMCID: PMC10045868 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Abstract No. 259 Initial Experience with IR-PEER: A Novel Platform for Peer Learning and Complication Reporting in Interventional Radiology. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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DUPILUMAB EFFICACY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SPONTANEOUS URTICARIA BY IGE LEVEL: LIBERTY-CSU CUPID STUDY A. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Laparoscopic Pectopexy: A Safe and Effective New Approach for Repair of Pelvic Organ Prolapse. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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INCREASED EOSINOPHIL GRANULE PROTEIN PRODUCTION IN CHRONIC SPONTANEOUS URTICARIA. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Retraction Note to: Universal minicircle sequence binding protein of Leishmania donovani regulates pathogenicity by controlling expression of cytochrome-b. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:137. [PMID: 35996202 PMCID: PMC9396831 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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501 Meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies in multiethnic cohorts identify risk loci associated with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Does Preoperative Plasma Endothelin-1 Level Influences the Postoperative Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)? Revisiting Endothelin-1 Molecule in CABG Patients. JOURNAL OF CARDIAC CRITICAL CARE TSS 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractEndothelin-1 (ET-1) is a powerful physiological vasoconstrictor release in response to endothelial injury. Increased synthesis of endothelin is associated with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. The normal level varies between 0.2 and 18.5 pg/mL that maintains normal vascular homeostasis. We hypothesized that there exists a correlation between ET-1 and clinical outcome in patient undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass.Fifty-eight patients undergoing elective on-pump CABG were enrolled in the study. Blood sample for plasma ET-1 was taken before anesthesia induction. The median ET-1 level was 5 pg/mL (range: 0.6–30.33 pg/mL). The inotropic and intraaortic balloon pump requirement was significantly higher among patients having baseline ET-1 level more than 14.24pg/mL (p = 0.001in each case). A similar finding was observed in the duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit stay, and duration of hospital stay (r = 0.68, p = 0.000; r = 0.58, p = 0.000; and r = 0.61, p = 0.000 respectively). The occurrence of complications was also more in individuals with higher baseline ET-1 level. The p-value was significant for occurrence infection, arrhythmia, renal and respiratory problems as observed in postoperative period by using Mann–Whitney U test.This study concludes that higher level of preoperative ET-1 levels correlates well to adverse clinical outcome in patients undergoing on-pump CABG surgery, so herein it can be used as a single independent parameter to predict postoperative outcome.
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Mechanisms associated with the rapid decline in sea ice cover around a stranded ship in the Lazarev Sea, Antarctica. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153379. [PMID: 35085627 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the satellite data era starting from 1979, the extent of Antarctic sea ice increased moderately for the first 37 years. However, the extent decreased to record low levels from 2016 to 2020, with the drop being greatest in the Weddell and Lazarev Seas of the Southern Ocean. An important question for the scientific fraternity and policymakers is to understand what ocean-atmospheric processes triggered such a rapid decline in sea ice. We employ in-situ, satellite, and atmospheric reanalysis data to examine the causative mechanism of anomalous sea ice variability in the Lazarev Sea at a time of ice growth in the annual cycle (March-April 2019), when a cargo ship was stuck in extensive ice cover and freed following the unusual decline in sea ice. High-resolution Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar captured a distinct view of the ship location and track within extensive ice cover of fast sea ice, dense pack ice, and icebergs in the Lazarev Sea on 27 March 2019. Subsequently, the sea ice cover declined and reached the fourth lowest extent in the entire satellite record during April 2019 which was 25.6% lower than the long-term mean value of 2.65 × 106 km2. We show that the anomalous sea ice variability was due to the occurrence of eastward-moving polar cyclones, including a quasi-stationary explosive development that impacted sea ice through extreme changes in ocean-atmospheric conditions. The cyclone-induced dynamic (poleward propagation of ocean waves and ice motion) and thermodynamic (heat and moisture plumes from midlatitudes, ocean mixed layer warming) processes coupled with high tides provided a conducive environment for an exceptional decline in sea ice over the region of ship movement.
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PO-1561 Low Dose Radiation Therapy for COVID-19 Pneumonia: Risk of Cancer with AP-PA fields and IMRT. Radiother Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9153900 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03525-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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POS-120 ROLE OF STEROIDS IN IGA NEPHROPATHY AND ITS CORRELATION TO HISTOPATHOLOGY. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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158 Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSC) used for the prevention of metritis in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:317. [PMID: 35231366 DOI: 10.1071/rdv34n2ab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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157 Mesenchymal stem cells as a regenerative therapy for the prevention of subclinical mastitis in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:316-317. [PMID: 35231365 DOI: 10.1071/rdv34n2ab157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Evaluation of hemodynamic changes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy by transthoracic echocardiography. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2021; 37:436-442. [PMID: 34759558 PMCID: PMC8562441 DOI: 10.4103/joacp.joacp_173_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine the effects of pneumoperitoneum and the reverse Trendelenburg position on cardiac hemodynamics during laparoscopic cholecystectomy using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Material and Methods: In this prospective observational study, after institutional review board clearance, forty patients of either sex of ASA I-II status undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled in the study. Changes in cardiac output, stroke volume, and ejection fraction were recorded using TTE at different time intervals: Preoperatively, before creation of pneumoperitoneum, 5 min after creation of pneumoperitoneum, and 5 min after setting the operative reverse Trendelenburg position with legs at the level of the hips. All statistical analyses were performed using the statistical program SPSS version 16 and P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Data were examined using mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Bonferroni correction. Results: There was significant fall in cardiac output (CO) (45%, P < 0.001), stroke volume (SV) (42%, P < 0.001), and ejection fraction (EF) (31.8% change, P < 0.001) after creation of pneumoperitoneum with significant rise in MAP (11%, P < 0.001). But with reverse Trendelenburg position, there was a significant improvement of CO (30%), SV (28%), and EF (21% change) in comparison to values after pneumoperitoneum, but still remained below baseline. There was no change in heart rate at different time intervals. There was no significant difference in hemodynamics between ASA I and II patients. Conclusion: Patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy undergo significant hemodynamic changes after pneumoperitoneum and reverse Trendelenburg position.
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7 Golden Steps of Surgery for Endometriosis – a Simplified Approach to Difficult Cases of Endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2021.09.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Molecular epidemiology of Burkholderia mallei isolates from India (2015-2016): New SNP markers for strain tracing. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 95:105059. [PMID: 34478841 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glanders, caused by a bacterium called B. mallei, is primarily an infectious horse and human disease. Although its incidence is rare in developed countries, it is nonetheless prevalent in several geographical areas of the world. There is a lack of cost-effective, rapid and specific molecular typing tools for epidemiological tracing of glanders cases. We previously reported an SNP-based typing method that categorizes global B. mallei strains into three lineages (L1 to L3), as well as additional branches, sub-branches and groups. However, further discrimination of the Indian and Pakistani isolates within the L2B2sB2 sub-branch was not possible due to the lack of sufficient epidemiological markers. In this study, 10 B. mallei strains isolated from four states in India during 2015-2016 were whole genome sequenced; SNP analysis further confirmed their position in the L2B2sB2 branch. To better track the strains, four new markers targeting Indian or Pakistani strains, and specifically targeting sub-groups within the Indian strains, were identified. The new SNP markers were tested and validated on the 10 Indian isolates included in this study as well as on 6 contemporary B. mallei Pakistani strains. These rapid and discriminating typing tools will contribute to the epidemiological monitoring of B. mallei infections, particularly in South Asia and the Middle East, endemic regions of the disease.
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1607P Trends in cancer imaging by indication, care setting, and hospital type during the COVID-19 pandemic and recovery. Ann Oncol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8454321 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Immunohistological localisation of growth factors in stroma and interstitial gland tissue of goat (Capra hircus) ovary. BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.15547/bjvm.2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth factors platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) have been demonstrated to stimulate the in vitro proliferation of theca and granulosa cells in different animals. The present study was conducted to localise the growth factors PDGF, TGF-α and TGF-β in different types of interstitial cells and stromal cells of normal cycling goat ovaries. Tissue fixed in formalin was processed through a graded series of alcohols and embedded in paraffin wax. The sections were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies against PDGF, TGF-α and TGF-β. The binding affinity of interstitial cells and stromal cells were observed and photographed. The staining pattern of PDGF, TGF-α and TGF-β was mild to strong in stromal cells. The primary and secondary interstitial cells exhibited varied staining patterns for all studied growth factors. These findings in goat suggests that PDGF, TGF-α, TGF-β were potentially an important autocrine regulator of different cell functions and possibly a paracrine regulator of ovarian cell function at various development stages.
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143 Therapeutic efficacy and safety of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in treating mastitis and metritis in dairy cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv33n2ab143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis and metritis are two inflammatory diseases with high economic impact on dairy industry and farmers are losing revenues. Antibiotic treatment for these disease conditions typically achieve suboptimal outcomes. Moreover, emerging antibiotic resistance in mastitis and metritis worldwide has a severe effect on productivity, fertility, and lifespan of animals. A paradigm shift in treatment strategies is much needed for these animals. Attracting properties of mesenchymal stem cells may act as an alternative strategy for treating these diseases. In addition to their ability to differentiate into multiple types of cells, mesenchymal stem cells can orchestrate immune responses and modulate tissue microenvironments. In the present study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSC) for mastitis and metritis. A well-characterised adipose-derived stem cell line with 3–5 passages cells were used for treatment for these diseases. In a safety trial, mastitis- and metritis-infected cattle were administered with 1×106 cells of AT-MSC through different routes (local, IV, IV+local). Animals were clinically evaluated during 15 days of the experimental period and blood samples were collected for hemogram determination. The efficacy was checked under both invivo and invitro conditions. Invitro efficiency of AT-MSC was determined using a transwell plate experiment, in which AT-MSC were co-cultured with bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus). Invivo efficiency was evaluated by administration of in 2mL (1×106 cells) of AT-MSC dose; then, somatic cell count (SCC) in milk of mastitic cattle and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell count in cervical vaginal fluid (CVF) of metritic cattle were determined. Gene expression profiling of antimicrobial (cathelicidin, lipocalin, cystatin) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10) peptides were quantified in all groups: IV, local, IV+local, and control ATB (antibiotic). Allogenic AT-MSC did not induce any immunological rejection response in treated animals. A significant reduction of bacteria in CVF invitro when co-cultured with AT-MSC was observed. The PMN count was significantly reduced in CVF of the IV+local group. The SCC in milk of mastitic animals was decreased in the local (intramammary) group. Maximum expression of IL-6, IL-10, cathelicidin, lipocalin, and cystatin and angiopoietin genes were observed on Day 3 followed by Day 7 in the local group in case of mastitis. In metritis, expression of IL-6, IL-10, cathelicidin, lipocalin, cystatin, and angiopoietin were observed at Day 3 in the IV+local group. All mastitic and metritic cattle were completely and permanently cured within 30 days after treatment with mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, we provide initial evidence for the use of allogenic AT-MSC and their safety and efficacy to treat mastitis and metritis in dairy cattle.
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Practical consensus recommendations regarding the management of sentinel lymph node issues in early breast cancer. South Asian J Cancer 2020; 7:132-136. [PMID: 29721480 PMCID: PMC5909291 DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_120_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Axillary lymph node involvement is a very important poor prognostic factor in the clinical staging and management of breast cancer patients. Traditionally, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has been used for determining the status of the axillary lymph nodes. More recently the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) procedure has gained wider acceptance as the standard of care, having the advantage of being less invasivewhile providing good accuracy. This expert group used data from published literature, practical experience and opinion of a large group of academic oncologists to arrive at these practical consensus recommendations in regards with the use of the two different procedures and other issues in patients with early breast cancer for the benefit of community oncologists.
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P406 SURVEY EXPLORING BARRIERS TO ALLERGY CLINIC VISITS IN AN URBAN PEDIATRIC SUBSPECIALTY CENTER. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cutaneous ureterostomy or ileal conduit urinary diversion: Can we spare the bowel following radical cystectomy in patients with solitary functioning kidney? EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)36252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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A randomised controlled trial to study Bispectral guided induction of general anaesthesia using propofol and etomidate infusion. Indian J Anaesth 2020; 64:S180-S185. [PMID: 33162599 PMCID: PMC7641050 DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_221_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The present prospective, randomised study was done to evaluate induction characteristics with bispectral (BIS) index guided infusion of propofol and etomidate. MATERIALS AND METHODS After institutional ethical committee approval, 70 patients, aged 18-60 years, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I and II scheduled for elective surgery were included. Patients were randomly allocated into one of the two groups. In Group E, patients received etomidate infusion at a rate of 0.07 mg kg-1 min-1 and in Group P, received propofol infusion of 0.7 mg kg-1 min-1. Time from start of infusion to loss of palpebral reflex (TP), loss of verbal command (TV), BIS to reach 50 (TBIS50), mean induction dose and incremental dose of each drug required to keep BIS50., haemodynamic parameters and adverse effects like pain, myoclonus, apnoea and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were also noted. RESULTS TP,TV, and TBIS 50 was faster in E as compared to P group and was statistically significant for all parameters. Mean induction dose of drug required till BIS 50 was 2.68 ± 0.56 mg kg-1 and 0.242 ± 0.11 mg kg-1 in group P and E, respectively. There was a significant difference between the groups with group E requiring incremental dose in a significant proportion of patients (P = 0.004). There was a significant decrease in MAP in P group as compared to E. In group P, more number of patients experienced pain and had apnoea episode as compared to group E. (P < 0.001). Myoclonus was observed in group E only (P = 0.016). CONCLUSION BIS-guided titration of propofol and etomidate infusion for induction did not result in reduction of the dose, haemodynamic variations and other effects.
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DAVI: Deep learning-based tool for alignment and single nucleotide variant identification. MACHINE LEARNING: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-2153/ab7e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have provided affordable but errorful ways to generate raw genetic data. To extract variant information from billions of NGS reads is still a daunting task which involves various hand-crafted and parameterized statistical tools. Here we propose a deep neural networks (DNN) based alignment and single nucleotide variant (SNV) identifier tool known as DAVI: deep alignment and variant identification. DAVI consists of models for both global and local alignment and for variant calling. We have evaluated the performance of DAVI against existing state-of-the-art tool sets and found that its accuracy and performance is comparable to existing tools used for bench-marking. We further demonstrate that while existing tools are based on data generated from a specific sequencing technology, the models proposed in DAVI are generic and can be used across different NGS technologies as well as across different species. The use of DAVI will therefore help non-human sequencing projects to benefit from the wealth of human ground truth data. Moreover, this approach is a migration from expert-driven statistical models to generic, automated, self-learning models.
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Corrigendum: l-Arginine Uptake by Cationic Amino Acid Transporter Promotes Intra-Macrophage Survival of Leishmania donovani by Enhancing Arginase-Mediated Polyamine Synthesis. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3101. [PMID: 32082300 PMCID: PMC7005219 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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84 Folate-methionine cycle and folate transport in developing buffalo embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Periconceptional folic acid is known to have a major role in the prevention of neural tube defects, leading to global recommendations for folic acid supplementation before and in early pregnancy. Maternal folate throughout pregnancy may have other roles in offspring health, including neurodevelopment and cognitive performance in childhood. Folate and folic acid (vitamin B9) act as a co-enzyme essential for single carbon metabolism, a network of pathways involved in several biological processes including nucleotide synthesis, DNA repair, and methylation reactions. In general, rapidly growing and multiplying cells require an adequate supply of folate. A primary deficiency of natural folate resulting in an increase of the total homocysteine concentration may be detrimental to the quality of the oocyte, subsequent fertilisation, embryogenesis, implantation, and fetal development. However, to date, folate-methionine metabolism and folate transport have not been studied in developing buffalo embryos. The present study details transcript expression for genes encoding key enzymes in the linked folate-methionine cycles in the ovary tissue, cumulus cells, immature oocytes, IVM oocytes, and pre-implantation embryos and also estimates the folate concentration in follicular fluid (FF) of buffalo. The FF was pooled and collected by aspiration of different sizes of surface follicles (2-8mm diameter). The total number of analysed samples was three, with different dilutions and estimation of folate in FF of buffalo done by chemiluminescence assay. Total RNA was extracted from oocytes, cumulus cells, ovarian tissue, and embryos produced from IVF. RT-PCR was performed to analyse the expression of folate-methionine cycle enzymes and folate transporters. Transcripts for all the enzymes of the folate-methionine cycle (i.e. SHMT, MTR, MTRR, MAT1A, MAT2B, GNMT, AHCY, CBS, and DHFR) and folate transporters (FOLR1, FOLR2) and reduced folate carrier (SLC19A1) were expressed in ovarian tissue, cumulus cells, oocytes, and pre-implantation embryos. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed FOLR2 and SLC19A1 protein expression on the plasma membrane and/or cytoplasm of the oocytes and embryos, and FOLR1 in the nucleus of pre-implantation embryos. The folate concentration in FF was 24ngmL−1. This is the first report to examine the concentration of folate in FF and revealed the identification of transcripts in different samples of buffalo species. The presence of these enzymes could have a profound effect on single-carbon metabolism within the ovary and pre-implantation embryo, therefore indicating that folate from FF is being disseminated through folate receptors within oocytes and embryos to participate in the folate pathway. This study advocates the necessity for examination of the result of folate supplementation throughout invitro embryo production for improving the quality and quantity of transferable blastocysts and subsequently live calf births in buffalo.
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220 Exploring the use of mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of mastitis and metritis in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to isolate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from adipose tissue of cattle (Bos indicus), characterise them, and apply them for the treatment of mastitis and metritis in the cow. Cattle MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue near the loin region of cow. Isolated adipose tissue was subjected to enzymatic digestion using 2% collagenase with agitation at regular intervals. The cells obtained after digestion were resuspended in cell culture flasks containing growth enriched medium and cultured under standard culture conditions. Alkaline phosphatase staining was used as one of the parameters to confirm cultured putative MSCs. Bovine Ad-MSCs were further characterised using real time-PCR by amplification of MSC-specific markers: CD73, CD90, and CD105 as positive markers and CD34, CD45, and CD79a as negative markers. Immunocytochemistry showed the presence of CD73, CD90, and CD105 on the cell surface. Three groups-control (C), local (L), and intravenous (IV)-with 6 cows suffering from mastitis were taken in each group and subjected to MSC transplantation through local and intravenous routes. Control group animals were subjected to antibiotic treatment only. Similarly, another three groups were taken with 6 cows in each group suffering from metritis. Post-transplantation wound healing, tissue repair, and reduction in inflammation were monitored for 26 days, at different time intervals; that is, after Days 1, 3, 7, and 15. Blood samples were also collected from animals at the same time intervals for real time-PCR. A similar examination was also done in metritis groups along with the analysis of the reduction in turbidity of cervical fluid at the abovementioned time intervals. Real time-PCR was performed to determine relative expression of genes for proliferative factors, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and antimicrobial peptides on cells isolated from blood collected at different time intervals. Gene expression in the local group of mastitis subjected to MSC injection was significantly higher than that of the IV and control group. The somatic cell count declined in both local and IV groups compared with the control group. Whereas the expression of the same genes in the IV group of metritis was significantly higher than that of the local and control groups of cows. The turbidity of cervical fluid and mucus was reduced in the IV group compared with the local group. In conclusion, we demonstrated the healing potential of MSCs in a cow model via MSC injection. Promising results were obtained in curing mastitis in both local and IV groups, whereas healing in the case of metritis was significantly higher in the IV group compared with both the control and local groups of cows. The study indicates the potential use of MSc for treatment of mastitis and metritis in cattle through wound healing and decreasing microbial infection.
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1655 Laparoscopic Unification of Non Communicating Horn with Hemi-Uterus. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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M290 ABNORMAL T-CELL EXCISION CIRCLES NEWBORN SCREENING TEST IN AN INFANT FOLLOWING EXCHANGE TRANSFUSIONS. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.08.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Quality evaluation of near isogenic lines of the wheat variety carrying Sr26, Lr19 and Yr10 genes. J Cereal Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Clinical and Immunological Profile of Anti-factor H Antibody Associated Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Nationwide Database. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1282. [PMID: 31231391 PMCID: PMC6567923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), an important cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), is characterized by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. Autoantibodies to factor H (FH), a chief regulator of this pathway, account for a distinct subgroup. While high anti-FH titers predict relapse, they do not correlate well with disease activity and their functional characterization is required. Methods: Of 781 patients <18-year-old of aHUS in the nationwide database from 2007 to 2018, 436 (55.8%) had anti-FH antibodies. Clinical features and outcome of patients managed in the last 6-year (n = 317) were compared to before (n = 119). In plasma samples of 44 patients, levels of serial circulating FH immune complexes (CIC), free FH, soluble terminal complement complex (sC5b-9), sheep red blood cell (SRBC) lysis and epitope specificity (n = 8) were examined. Functional renal reserve, ambulatory hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and proteinuria were evaluated in a subset. Results: Patients presented with markedly elevated anti-FH titers (10,633.2 ± 998.5 AU/ml). Management varied by center, comprising plasma exchange (PEX; 77.5%) and immunosuppression (73.9%). Patients managed in the last 6-year showed better renal survival at mean 28.5 ± 27.3 months (log rank P = 0.022). Mean anti-FH titers stayed 700–1,164 AU/ml during prolonged follow-up, correlating with CIC. Patients with relapse had lower free-FH during remission [Generalized estimating equations (GEE), P = 0.001]; anti-FH levels ≥1,330 AU/ml and free FH ≤440 mg/l predicted relapse (hazards ratio, HR 6.3; P = 0.018). Epitope specificity was similar during onset, remission and relapse. Antibody titer ≥8,000 AU/ml (HR 2.23; P = 0.024), time to PEX ≥14 days (HR 2.09; P = 0.071) and PEX for <14 days (HR 2.60; P = 0.017) predicted adverse renal outcomes. Combined PEX and immunosuppression improved long-term outcomes (HR 0.37; P = 0.026); maintenance therapy reduced risk of relapses (HR 0.11; P < 0.001). At 4.4±2.5 year, median renal reserve was 15.9%; severe ambulatory, masked and pre-hypertension were found in 38, 30, and 18%, respectively. Proteinuria and LVH occurred in 58 and 28% patients, respectively. Conclusion: Prompt recognition and therapy with PEX and immunosuppression, is associated with satisfactory outcomes. Free-FH predicts early relapses in patients with high anti-FH titers. A significant proportion of impaired functional reserve, ambulatory hypertension, proteinuria and LVH highlight the need for vigilant long-term follow-up.
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Anaesthetic management of a case of schwannoma with intraoral extension. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egja.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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A unique method of intubating an unusual neck injury with knife-in-situ. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egja.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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608 A clinical study to test the efficacy of VB1953 in clindamycin non-responder acne patients with antibiotic-resistant P. acnes. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Long-term outcome of trans-sphenoidal surgery for Cushing's disease in Indian patients. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2019; 161:119-127. [PMID: 30465277 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-018-3736-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results of trans-sphenoidal surgery (TSS) in Cushing's disease (CD) vary widely depending upon patient characteristics as well as surgical experience. Patients in India are often referred late to referral centers. We studied the rates of remission and endocrine deficiencies after TSS in patients with CD presenting to a referral hospital in India. METHODS Sixty consecutive patients (45 females, median age 24.5 years) who underwent TSS between 2000 and 2015 were studied. The median (range) duration of follow-up was 40 (3-138) months. Initial and long-term remission and relapse rates and pituitary hypofunction post-TSS were evaluated. RESULTS Eighteen (30%) patients harbored macroadenomas. Twenty-eight (47%) patients achieved remission in the immediate post-operative period (8 AM serum cortisol < 140 nmol/l), while a higher remission rate was noted at 6 months (39/54 patients, 72%). At 1 year 70% patients and at final follow-up [median duration 40 (range 3-138) months], 58% of patients were in remission. No pre- or post-surgical variables were consistently associated with remission, except for the 8-AM serum cortisol level on the fifth day after surgery. Seven (18%) patients relapsed on follow-up, including five patients who had fifth post-operative day 8 AM serum cortisol < 140 nmol/l. Twelve (25%) patients newly developed hypothyroidism and one (1.6%) patient developed amenorrhoea after TSS. CONCLUSION Remission rate at 6 months was higher than immediately after TSS. A significant proportion of patients relapsed, thus necessitating life-long follow-up. New-onset hypothyroidism was frequent after TSS.
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Novel technique of using laryngoscope in HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C infected patients. Saudi J Anaesth 2019; 13:260-261. [PMID: 31333380 PMCID: PMC6625297 DOI: 10.4103/sja.sja_782_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Comparison of unbiased stereological estimation of total number of cresyl violet stained neurons and parvalbumin positive neurons in the adult human spiral ganglion. J Chem Neuroanat 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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To Demonstrate Method of Laparoscopic Creation of Neo Vagina by Peritoneal Pull Through Technique in Case of MRKH. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rituximab modulates T- and B-lymphocyte subsets and urinary CD80 excretion in patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Res 2018; 84:520-526. [PMID: 29983411 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting B lymphocytes, effectively sustains remission in steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS). We studied its effects on lymphocyte subsets and urinary CD80 excretion (uCD80) in patients with SDNS. METHODS Blood and urine samples were collected from 18 SDNS patients before rituximab, and after 1 month and 1 year or at first relapse. T and B lymphocytes and uCD80 were determined by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS Treatment was associated with reduction in counts of Th17, Th2, and memory T cells, and increased T-regulatory (Treg) cells. The Th17/Treg ratio declined from baseline (median 0.6) to 1 month (0.2, P = 0.006) and increased during relapse (0.3, P = 0.016). Ratios of Th1/Th2 cells at baseline, 1 month after rituximab, and during relapse were 7.7, 14.0 (P = 0.0102), and 8.7, respectively. uCD80 decreased 1 month following rituximab (45.5 vs. 23.0 ng/g creatinine; P = 0.0039). B lymphocytes recovered earlier in relapsers (60.0 vs.183.0 days; P < 0.001). Memory B cells were higher during relapse than remission (29.7 vs.18.0 cells/µL; P = 0.029). CONCLUSION Rituximab-induced sustained remission and B-cell depletion was associated with reduced numbers of Th17 and Th2 lymphocytes, and increased Treg cells; these changes reversed during relapses. Recovery of B cells and memory B cells predicted the occurrence of a relapse.
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Leishmania donovani induced Unfolded Protein Response delays host cell apoptosis in PERK dependent manner. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006646. [PMID: 30036391 PMCID: PMC6081962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress generated unfolded stress response (UPR) is a basic survival mechanism which protects cell under unfavourable conditions. Leishmania parasite modulates host macrophages in various ways to ensure its survival. Modulation of PI3K-Akt pathway in delayed apoptotic induction of host; enables parasite to stabilize the infection for further propagation. Methodology Infected RAW macrophages were exposed to campothecin or thagsigargin and phosphorylation status of PERK, Akt, BAD and Cyt-C was determined through western blotting using phospho specific antibody. Expression at transcriptional level for cIAP1 &2, ATF4, CHOP, ATF3, HO-1 and sXBP1 was determined using real time PCR. For inhibition studies, RAW macrophages were pre-treated with PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 before infection. Findings Our studies in RAW macrophages showed that induction of host UPR against L.donovani infection activates Akt mediated pathway which delays apoptotic induction of the host. Moreover, Leishmania infection results in phosphorylation and activation of host PERK enzyme and increased transcription of genes of inhibitor of apoptosis gene family (cIAP) mRNA. In our inhibition studies, we found that inhibition of infection induced PERK phosphorylation under apoptotic inducers reduces the Akt phosphorylation and fails to activate further downstream molecules involved in protection against apoptosis. Also, inhibition of PERK phosphorylation under oxidative exposure leads to increased Nitric Oxide production. Simultaneously, decreased transcription of cIAP mRNA upon PERK phosphorylation fates the host cell towards apoptosis hence decreased infection rate. Conclusion Overall the findings from the study suggests that Leishmania modulated host UPR and PERK phosphorylation delays apoptotic induction in host macrophage, hence supports parasite invasion at early stages of infection. Visceral Leishmaniasis or Kala-azar is one of the severe tropical neglected parasitic diseases caused by Leishmania donovani in Indian subcontinent. Modulation of host in terms of delayed apoptotic induction is one of the aspects which favours disease establishment; however the mechanism is not clearly understood yet. In the present study, we tried to explore the connection between L.donovani infection induced UPR in host with delayed onset of apoptosis. We found that L.donovani infection phosphorylates the PERK and Akt molecule in host along with delayed apoptosis. Simultaneously, the levels of cellular IAP (cIAP1 & 2) genes were also up-regulated in infected macrophages. To assess the involvement of PERK in delayed apoptosis of host, we inhibited the phosphorylation of PERK under the exposure to apoptotic inducers. We found that PERK inhibition decreased the Akt phosphorylation and fails to activate other associated downstream molecules involved in delayed apoptosis of host. Also, a significant reduction in cIAP levels was observed. Under oxidative exposure, inhibition of PERK phosphorylation debilitates infected RAW cell’s ability to maintain redox homeostasis leading to higher nitric oxide production. Altogether, L.donovani infection modulates host apoptosis in a PERK dependent manner and favours infection.
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Emotional Intelligence at Workplace – A Conceptual Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 2018. [DOI: 10.18843/ijms/v5i3(5)/08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1108 Preclinical evaluation of a novel fluoroquinolone for its multi-dimensional therapeutic effects against drug-resistant Propionibacterium acnes induced acne. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Digital HRM and its Effective Implementation: An Empirical Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 2018. [DOI: 10.18843/ijms/v5i2(7)/08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Efficacy of Oral Zinc Supplementation in Radiologically Confirmed Pneumonia: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Trop Pediatr 2018; 64:110-117. [PMID: 28575379 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmx036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of zinc as an adjuvant therapy in radiologically confirmed pneumonia in children 2-24 months of age. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed data of 212 children with pneumonia for whom chest X-ray films were available at enrollment and at least two radiologists agreed on the diagnosis of pneumonia. We compared the time to recovery in the two groups (n = 121, zinc group and n = 91, placebo group) using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS Time to recovery was similar in both groups [median interquartile range: zinc, 84 h (64, 140 h); placebo, 85 h (65, 140 h)]. The absolute risk reduction for treatment failure was 5.2% (95% confidence interval: -4.8, 15.1) with zinc supplementation. CONCLUSION There was no significant beneficial effect of zinc on the duration of recovery or risk of treatment failure in children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia.
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