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Coelho CH, Nadakal ST, Gonzales Hurtado P, Morrison R, Galson JD, Neal J, Wu Y, King CR, Price V, Miura K, Wong-Madden S, Alamou Doritchamou JY, Narum DL, MacDonald NJ, Snow-Smith M, Vignali M, Taylor JJ, Lefranc MP, Trück J, Long CA, Sagara I, Fried M, Duffy PE. Antimalarial antibody repertoire defined by plasma IG proteomics and single B cell IG sequencing. JCI Insight 2020; 5:143471. [PMID: 33048842 PMCID: PMC7710313 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma antimalarial Ab can mediate antiparasite immunity but has not previously been characterized at the molecular level. Here, we develop an innovative strategy to characterize humoral responses by integrating profiles of plasma immunoglobulins (IGs) or Abs with those expressed on B cells as part of the B cell receptor. We applied this strategy to define plasma IG and to determine variable (V) gene usage after vaccination with the Plasmodium falciparum zygote antigen Pfs25. Using proteomic tools coupled with bulk immunosequencing data, we determined human antigen-binding fragment [F(ab')2] peptide sequences from plasma IG of adults who received 4 doses of Pfs25-EPA/Alhydrogel. Specifically, Pfs25 antigen-specific F(ab')2 peptides (Pfs25-IG) were aligned to cDNA sequences of IG heavy (IGH) chain complementarity determining region 3 from a data set generated by total peripheral B cell immunosequencing of the entire vaccinated population. IGHV4 was the most commonly identified IGHV subgroup of Pfs25-IG, a pattern that was corroborated by V heavy/V light chain sequencing of Pfs25-specific single B cells from 5 vaccinees and by matching plasma Pfs25-IG peptides and V-(D)-J sequences of Pfs25-specific single B cells from the same donor. Among 13 recombinant human mAbs generated from IG sequences of Pfs25-specific single B cells, a single IGHV4 mAb displayed strong neutralizing activity, reducing the number of P. falciparum oocysts in infected mosquitoes by more than 80% at 100 μg/mL. Our approach characterizes the human plasma Ab repertoire in response to the Pfs25-EPA/Alhydrogel vaccine and will be useful for studying circulating Abs in response to other vaccines as well as those induced during infections or autoimmune disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/blood
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Protozoan/blood
- Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology
- Antigens, Protozoan/immunology
- Antimalarials/administration & dosage
- Antimalarials/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Female
- Humans
- Immunoglobulins/blood
- Immunoglobulins/immunology
- Malaria Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Malaria Vaccines/immunology
- Malaria, Falciparum/blood
- Malaria, Falciparum/immunology
- Malaria, Falciparum/parasitology
- Malaria, Falciparum/prevention & control
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Plasmodium falciparum/immunology
- Protozoan Proteins/immunology
- Vaccination
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila H. Coelho
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven T. Nadakal
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia Gonzales Hurtado
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert Morrison
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacob D. Galson
- University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Alchemab Therapeutics Ltd, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jillian Neal
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yimin Wu
- PATH’s Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector and Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Sharon Wong-Madden
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Justin Yai Alamou Doritchamou
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David L. Narum
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas J. MacDonald
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maryonne Snow-Smith
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marissa Vignali
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector and Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Justin J. Taylor
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marie-Paule Lefranc
- IMGT, the International ImMunoGeneTics Information System, Laboratoire d’ImmunoGénétique Moléculaire, Institut de Génétique Humaine, UMR9002 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Johannes Trück
- University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carole A. Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector and Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Issaka Sagara
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques, and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Michal Fried
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick E. Duffy
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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2
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Seilie AM, Chang M, Hanron AE, Billman ZP, Stone BC, Zhou K, Olsen TM, Daza G, Ortega J, Cruz KR, Smith N, Healy SA, Neal J, Wallis CK, Shelton L, Mankowski TV, Wong-Madden S, Mikolajczak SA, Vaughan AM, Kappe SHI, Fishbaugher M, Betz W, Kennedy M, Hume JCC, Talley AK, Hoffman SL, Chakravarty S, Sim BKL, Richie TL, Wald A, Plowe CV, Lyke KE, Adams M, Fahle GA, Cowan EP, Duffy PE, Kublin JG, Murphy SC. Beyond Blood Smears: Qualification of Plasmodium 18S rRNA as a Biomarker for Controlled Human Malaria Infections. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 100:1466-1476. [PMID: 31017084 PMCID: PMC6553913 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
18S rRNA is a biomarker that provides an alternative to thick blood smears in controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) trials. We reviewed data from CHMI trials at non-endemic sites that used blood smears and Plasmodium 18S rRNA/rDNA biomarker nucleic acid tests (NATs) for time to positivity. We validated a multiplex quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for Plasmodium 18S rRNA, prospectively compared blood smears and qRT-PCR for three trials, and modeled treatment effects at different biomarker-defined parasite densities to assess the impact on infection detection, symptom reduction, and measured intervention efficacy. Literature review demonstrated accelerated NAT-based infection detection compared with blood smears (mean acceleration: 3.2–3.6 days). For prospectively tested trials, the validated Plasmodium 18S rRNA qRT-PCR positivity was earlier (7.6 days; 95% CI: 7.1–8.1 days) than blood smears (11.0 days; 95% CI: 10.3–11.8 days) and significantly preceded the onset of grade 2 malaria-related symptoms (12.2 days; 95% CI: 10.6–13.3 days). Discrepant analysis showed that the risk of a blood smear–positive, biomarker-negative result was negligible. Data modeling predicted that treatment triggered by specific biomarker-defined thresholds can differentiate complete, partial, and non-protective outcomes and eliminate many grade 2 and most grade 3 malaria-related symptoms post-CHMI. Plasmodium 18S rRNA is a sensitive and specific biomarker that can justifiably replace blood smears for infection detection in CHMI trials in non-endemic settings. This study led to biomarker qualification through the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in CHMI studies at non-endemic sites, which will facilitate biomarker use for the qualified context of use in drug and vaccine trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette M Seilie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ming Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Amelia E Hanron
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Zachary P Billman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brad C Stone
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kevin Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tayla M Olsen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Glenda Daza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jose Ortega
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kurtis R Cruz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nahum Smith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sara A Healy
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Jillian Neal
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carolyn K Wallis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lisa Shelton
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Tracie VonGoedert Mankowski
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Sharon Wong-Madden
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sebastian A Mikolajczak
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Ashley M Vaughan
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Stefan H I Kappe
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Matt Fishbaugher
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Will Betz
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Mark Kennedy
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | - Jen C C Hume
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Angela K Talley
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Wald
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Kirsten E Lyke
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthew Adams
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gary A Fahle
- Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Patrick E Duffy
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James G Kublin
- Seattle Malaria Clinical Trials Center, Fred Hutch Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sean C Murphy
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Seattle Malaria Clinical Trials Center, Fred Hutch Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute (formerly the Center for Infectious Disease Research), Seattle, Washington.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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3
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Healy SA, Murphy SC, Hume JCC, Shelton L, Kuntz S, Van Voorhis WC, Moodie Z, Metch B, Wang R, Silver-Brace T, Fishbaugher M, Kennedy M, Finney OC, Chaturvedi R, Marcsisin SR, Hobbs CV, Warner-Lubin M, Talley AK, Wong-Madden S, Stuart K, Wald A, Kappe SH, Kublin JG, Duffy PE. Chemoprophylaxis Vaccination: Phase I Study to Explore Stage-specific Immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in US Adults. Clin Infect Dis 2019; 71:1481-1490. [PMID: 31621832 PMCID: PMC7486848 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoprophylaxis vaccination with sporozoites (CVac) with chloroquine induces protection against a homologous Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite (PfSPZ) challenge, but whether blood-stage parasite exposure is required for protection remains unclear. Chloroquine suppresses and clears blood-stage parasitemia, while other antimalarial drugs, such as primaquine, act against liver-stage parasites. Here, we evaluated CVac regimens using primaquine and/or chloroquine as the partner drug to discern whether blood-stage parasite exposure impacts protection against homologous controlled human malaria infection. METHODS In a Phase I, randomized, partial double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 36 malaria-naive adults, all CVac subjects received chloroquine prophylaxis and bites from 12-15 P. falciparum-infected mosquitoes (CVac-chloroquine arm) at 3 monthly iterations, and some received postexposure primaquine (CVac-primaquine/chloroquine arm). Drug control subjects received primaquine, chloroquine, and uninfected mosquito bites. After a chloroquine washout, subjects, including treatment-naive infectivity controls, underwent homologous, PfSPZ controlled human malaria infection and were monitored for parasitemia for 21 days. RESULTS No serious adverse events occurred. During CVac, all but 1 subject in the study remained blood-smear negative, while only 1 subject (primaquine/chloroquine arm) remained polymerase chain reaction-negative. Upon challenge, compared to infectivity controls, 3/3 chloroquine arm subjects displayed delayed patent parasitemia (P = .01) but not sterile protection, while 3/11 primaquine/chloroquine subjects remained blood-smear negative. CONCLUSIONS CVac-primaquine/chloroquine is safe and induces sterile immunity to P. falciparum in some recipients, but a single 45 mg dose of primaquine postexposure does not completely prevent blood-stage parasitemia. Unlike previous studies, CVac-chloroquine did not produce sterile immunity. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT01500980.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Healy
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sean C Murphy
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jen C C Hume
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA,Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lisa Shelton
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Steve Kuntz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Wesley C Van Voorhis
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zoe Moodie
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Barbara Metch
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ruobing Wang
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Mark Kennedy
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Olivia C Finney
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Richa Chaturvedi
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sean R Marcsisin
- Military Malaria Research Program, Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Charlotte V Hobbs
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Margaret Warner-Lubin
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA,C3 Research Associates, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Angela K Talley
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sharon Wong-Madden
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA,Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ken Stuart
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anna Wald
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA,Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stefan H Kappe
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James G Kublin
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA,Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Patrick E Duffy
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, Washington, USA,Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA,Correspondence: P. E. Duffy, 29 Lincoln Drive, Building 29B, Bethesda, MD, 20892 ()
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4
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Speake C, Pichugin A, Sahu T, Malkov V, Morrison R, Pei Y, Juompan L, Milman N, Zarling S, Anderson C, MacDonald NJ, Wong-Madden S, Wendler J, Ishizuka A, MacMillen ZW, Garcia V, Kappe SH, Krzych U, Duffy PE. Correction: Identification of Novel Pre-Erythrocytic Malaria Antigen Candidates for Combination Vaccines with Circumsporozoite Protein. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165489. [PMID: 27764243 PMCID: PMC5072645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159449.].
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5
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Speake C, Pichugin A, Sahu T, Malkov V, Morrison R, Pei Y, Juompan L, Milman N, Zarling S, Anderson C, Wong-Madden S, Wendler J, Ishizuka A, MacMillen ZW, Garcia V, Kappe SHI, Krzych U, Duffy PE. Identification of Novel Pre-Erythrocytic Malaria Antigen Candidates for Combination Vaccines with Circumsporozoite Protein. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159449. [PMID: 27434123 PMCID: PMC4951032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria vaccine development has been hampered by the limited availability of antigens identified through conventional discovery approaches, and improvements are needed to enhance the efficacy of the leading vaccine candidate RTS,S that targets the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of the infective sporozoite. Here we report a transcriptome-based approach to identify novel pre-erythrocytic vaccine antigens that could potentially be used in combination with CSP. We hypothesized that stage-specific upregulated genes would enrich for protective vaccine targets, and used tiling microarray to identify P. falciparum genes transcribed at higher levels during liver stage versus sporozoite or blood stages of development. We prepared DNA vaccines for 21 genes using the predicted orthologues in P. yoelii and P. berghei and tested their efficacy using different delivery methods against pre-erythrocytic malaria in rodent models. In our primary screen using P. yoelii in BALB/c mice, we found that 16 antigens significantly reduced liver stage parasite burden. In our confirmatory screen using P. berghei in C57Bl/6 mice, we confirmed 6 antigens that were protective in both models. Two antigens, when combined with CSP, provided significantly greater protection than CSP alone in both models. Based on the observations reported here, transcriptional patterns of Plasmodium genes can be useful in identifying novel pre-erythrocytic antigens that induce protective immunity alone or in combination with CSP.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology
- Antibodies, Protozoan/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Protozoan/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Malaria Vaccines/genetics
- Malaria Vaccines/immunology
- Malaria Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy
- Malaria, Falciparum/immunology
- Malaria, Falciparum/parasitology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Plasmodium falciparum/immunology
- Plasmodium falciparum/pathogenicity
- Plasmodium yoelii/immunology
- Protozoan Proteins/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Cate Speake
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alexander Pichugin
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Malaria Vaccine Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tejram Sahu
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vlad Malkov
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Robert Morrison
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ying Pei
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Laure Juompan
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Malaria Vaccine Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Neta Milman
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Stasya Zarling
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Malaria Vaccine Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charles Anderson
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sharon Wong-Madden
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jason Wendler
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Andrew Ishizuka
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Zachary W. MacMillen
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Valentino Garcia
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Stefan H. I. Kappe
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Urszula Krzych
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Malaria Vaccine Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Patrick E. Duffy
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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6
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Ettehadieh E, Wong-Madden S, Aldrich T, Lane K, Morris AE. Over-expression of protein kinase Balpha enhances recombinant protein expression in transient systems. Cytotechnology 2011; 38:11-4. [PMID: 19003081 DOI: 10.1023/a:1021121107801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As more genes are being identified through genomic techniques,the need to rapidly express recombinant proteins for functionalstudies has become increasingly acute. Transient expression ofrecombinant protein using COS-1, CV-1 and 293 cells is widelyused to address this need. To improve the robustness of hostcells for transient expression, the effect of over-expression ofProtein Kinase Balpha has been explored. In this report wedemonstrate that over-expression of Protein Kinase Balpha canimprove transient recombinant protein expression 40% to >200%depending on the protein being expressed and the cell line used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ettehadieh
- Department of Cell Sciences, Immunex Corporation, 51 University St, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
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7
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Conway G, Margoliath A, Wong-Madden S, Roberts RJ, Gilbert W. Jak1 kinase is required for cell migrations and anterior specification in zebrafish embryos. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:3082-7. [PMID: 9096349 PMCID: PMC20325 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.7.3082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishment of the vertebrate body plan requires a variety of signaling molecules. In a search for tyrosine kinases expressed in early zebrafish embryos, a model system for the study of vertebrate development, we discovered Jak1 kinase to be maternally encoded and the mRNA evenly distributed among the cells of blastula-stage embryos. Injection of RNA-encoding dominant-negative Jak1 kinases reduces a specific cell migration, epiboly, and results in the reduction of goosecoid expression and of anterior structures. This work establishes that, in addition to its role in signal transduction of cytokines in adult tissues, Jak1 kinase has a role in early vertebrate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Conway
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02114, USA.
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