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Highly reversible extrinsic electrocaloric effects over a wide temperature range in epitaxially strained SrTiO 3 films. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:639-647. [PMID: 38514844 PMCID: PMC11068575 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01831-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Electrocaloric effects have been experimentally studied in ferroelectrics and incipient ferroelectrics, but not incipient ferroelectrics driven ferroelectric using strain. Here we use optimally oriented interdigitated surface electrodes to investigate extrinsic electrocaloric effects in low-loss epitaxial SrTiO3 films near the broad second-order 243 K ferroelectric phase transition created by biaxial in-plane coherent tensile strain from DyScO3 substrates. Our extrinsic electrocaloric effects are an order of magnitude larger than the corresponding effects in bulk SrTiO3 over a wide range of temperatures including room temperature, and unlike electrocaloric effects associated with first-order transitions they are highly reversible in unipolar applied fields. Additionally, the canonical Landau description for strained SrTiO3 films works well if we set the low-temperature zero-field polarization along one of the in-plane pseudocubic <100> directions. In future, similar strain engineering could be exploited for other films, multilayers and bulk samples to increase the range of electrocaloric materials for energy efficient cooling.
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Improving image quality of triple-low-protocol renal artery CT angiography with deep-learning image reconstruction: a comparative study with standard-dose single-energy and dual-energy CT with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e651-e658. [PMID: 38433041 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the improvement in image quality of triple-low-protocol (low radiation, low contrast medium dose, low injection speed) renal artery computed tomography (CT) angiography (RACTA) using deep-learning image reconstruction (DLIR), in comparison with standard-dose single- and dual-energy CT (DECT) using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-Veo (ASIR-V) algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety patients for RACTA were divided into different groups: standard-dose single-energy CT (S group) using ASIR-V at 60% strength (60%ASIR-V), DECT (DE group) with 60%ASIR-V including virtual monochromatic images at 40 keV (DE40 group) and 70 keV (DE70 group), and the triple-low protocol single-energy CT (L group) with DLIR at high level (DLIR-H). The effective dose (ED), contrast medium dose, injection speed, standard deviation (SD), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of abdominal aorta (AA), and left/right renal artery (LRA, RRA), and subjective scores were compared among the different groups. RESULTS The L group significantly reduced ED by 37.6% and 31.2%, contrast medium dose by 33.9% and 30.5%, and injection speed by 30% and 30%, respectively, compared to the S and DE groups. The L group had the lowest SD values for all arteries compared to the other groups (p<0.001). The SNR of RRA and LRA in the L group, and the CNR of all arteries in the DE40 group had highest value compared to others (p<0.05). The L group had the best comprehensive score with good consistency (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The triple-low protocol RACTA with DLIR-H significantly reduces the ED, contrast medium doses, and injection speed, while providing good comprehensive image quality.
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Observation of Seven Astrophysical Tau Neutrino Candidates with IceCube. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:151001. [PMID: 38682982 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.151001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
We report on a measurement of astrophysical tau neutrinos with 9.7 yr of IceCube data. Using convolutional neural networks trained on images derived from simulated events, seven candidate ν_{τ} events were found with visible energies ranging from roughly 20 TeV to 1 PeV and a median expected parent ν_{τ} energy of about 200 TeV. Considering backgrounds from astrophysical and atmospheric neutrinos, and muons from π^{±}/K^{±} decays in atmospheric air showers, we obtain a total estimated background of about 0.5 events, dominated by non-ν_{τ} astrophysical neutrinos. Thus, we rule out the absence of astrophysical ν_{τ} at the 5σ level. The measured astrophysical ν_{τ} flux is consistent with expectations based on previously published IceCube astrophysical neutrino flux measurements and neutrino oscillations.
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High prevalence of ceftriaxone-resistant and XDR Neisseria gonorrhoeae in several cities of Cambodia, 2022-23: WHO Enhanced Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (EGASP). JAC Antimicrob Resist 2024; 6:dlae053. [PMID: 38577702 PMCID: PMC10993901 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a global public health concern. Ceftriaxone is the last effective and recommended option for empirical gonorrhoea therapy worldwide, but several ceftriaxone-resistant cases linked to Asia have been reported internationally. During January 2022-June 2023, the WHO Enhanced Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (EGASP) investigated N. gonorrhoeae AMR and epidemiological factors in patients from 10 clinical sentinel sites in Cambodia. Methods Urethral swabs from males with urethral discharge were cultured. ETEST determined the MIC of five antimicrobials, and EGASP MIC alert values and EUCAST breakpoints were used. EGASP demographic, behavioural and clinical variables were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Results From 437 male patients, 306 had positive N. gonorrhoeae cultures, AMR testing and complete epidemiological data. Resistance to ceftriaxone, cefixime, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin was 15.4%, 43.1%, 14.4% and 97.1%, respectively. Nineteen (6.2%) isolates were resistant to all four antimicrobials and, accordingly, categorized as XDR N. gonorrhoeae. These XDR isolates were collected from 7 of the 10 sentinel sites. No EGASP MIC alert values for gentamicin were reported. The nationally recommended cefixime 400 mg plus azithromycin 1 g (65.4%) or ceftriaxone 1 g plus azithromycin 1 g (34.6%) was used for treatment. Conclusions A high prevalence of ceftriaxone-resistant, MDR and XDR N. gonorrhoeae in several cities of Cambodia were found during 2022-23 in WHO EGASP. This necessitates expanded N. gonorrhoeae AMR surveillance, revision of the nationally recommended gonorrhoea treatment, mandatory test of cure, enhanced sexual contact notification, and ultimately novel antimicrobials for the treatment of gonorrhoea.
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Nitrogen-Rich Conjugated Microporous Polymers with Improved Cobalt(II) Density for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:8903-8912. [PMID: 38324390 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Developing efficient oxygen evolution catalysts (OECs) made from earth-abundant elements is extremely important since the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with sluggish kinetics hinders the development of many energy-related electrochemical devices. Herein, an efficient strategy is developed to prepare conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with abundant and uniform coordination sites by coupling the N-rich organic monomer 2,4,6-tris(5-bromopyrimidin-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (TBPT) with Co(II) porphyrin. The resulting CMP-Py(Co) is further metallized with Co2+ ions to obtain CMP-Py(Co)@Co. Structural characterization results reveal that CMP-Py(Co)@Co has higher Co2+ content (12.20 wt %) and affinity toward water compared with CMP-Py(Co). Moreover, CMP-Py(Co)@Co exhibits an excellent OER activity with a low overpotential of 285 mV vs RHE at 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 80.1 mV dec-1, which are significantly lower than those of CMP-Py(Co) (335 mV vs RHE and 96.8 mV dec-1). More interestingly, CMP-Py(Co)@Co outperforms most reported porous organic polymer-based OECs and the benchmark RuO2 catalyst (320 mV vs RHE and 87.6 mV dec-1). Additionally, Co2+-free CMP-Py(2H) has negligible OER activity. Thereby, the enhanced OER activity of CMP-Py(Co)@Co is attributed to the incorporation of Co2+ ions leading to rich active sites and enlarged electrochemical surface areas. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that Co2+-TBPT sites have higher activity than Co2+-porphyrin sites for the OER. These results indicate that the introduction of rich active metal sites in stable and conductive CMPs could provide novel guidance for designing efficient OECs.
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[Effect of information-knowledge-attitude-practice theory-based health education on clonorchiasis control among community residents and primary school students in Zhongshan City]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2023; 35:517-521. [PMID: 38148543 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2023023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of information-knowledge-attitude-practice (IKAP) theory-based health education interventions on clonorchiasis control among community residents and primary school students in Torch High-tech Development Zone of Zhongshan City, so as to provide insights into formulation of clonorchiasis control strategies among different types of populations. METHODS Residents were randomly sampled from two communities and students from two primary schools using a random cluster sampling method in Torch High-tech Development Zone, Zhongshan City from 2019 to 2021, and health education pertaining to clonorchiasis control was performed based on the IKAP theory. The changes in the awareness of basic clonorchiasis control knowledge and belief, self-reported risk of Clonorchis sinensis infections and dietary behaviors were compared among community residents and primary school students before and after health education interventions. RESULTS The participants included 146 male and 151 female community residents and 158 male and 153 female primary school students, with no significant difference detected in gender distribution (χ2 = 0.16, P > 0.05). The mean awareness of basic clonorchiasis control knowledge increased by 44.71% and 43.28% among primary school students and community residents 6 months following health education, and there were significant differences in the awareness of each item of basic clonorchiasis control knowledge before and after health education (χ2 = 41.53 to 284.44, all P values < 0.05). The proportions of primary school students and community residents thinking very high and high risks of C. sinensis infections increased from 9.35% and 6.71% before health education to 22.15% and 37.75% after health education, but only the difference of the attitudes in community residents achieve statistical significance (χ2 = 92.18, P < 0.05). The frequency of separation of raw and cooked foods with chopping board and knife significantly increased among community residents and primary school students following health education (χ2 = 16.04 to 62.65, all P values < 0.05). The frequency of eating raw freshwater fish (χ2 = 32.85, P < 0.05), fish congee (χ2 = 7.02, P < 0.05) and fish fillet hot pot (χ2 = 4.88, P < 0.05) significantly reduced among primary school students following health education, while only the frequency and proportions of eating raw freshwater fish have significantly reduced in community residents (χ2 = 11.77, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Health education interventions based on the IKAP theory are effective to increase the awareness of clonorchiasis control knowledge and improve dietary behaviors associated with C. sinensis infections among community residents and primary school students in Zhongshan City.
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Recombinant inbred lines derived from wide crosses in Pisum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20408. [PMID: 37990072 PMCID: PMC10663473 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47329-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic resources are becoming available for Pisum but to link these to phenotypic diversity requires well marked populations segregating for relevant traits. Here we describe two such resources. Two recombinant inbred populations, derived from wide crosses in Pisum are described. One high resolution mapping population involves cv Caméor, for which the first pea whole genome assembly was obtained, crossed to JI0281, a basally divergent P. sativum sativum landrace from Ethiopia. The other is an inter sub-specific cross between P. s. sativum and the independently domesticated P. s. abyssinicum. The corresponding genetic maps provide information on chromosome level sequence assemblies and identify structural differences between the genomes of these two Pisum subspecies. In order to visualise chromosomal translocations that distinguish the mapping parents, we created a simplified version of Threadmapper to optimise it for interactive 3-dimensional display of multiple linkage groups. The genetic mapping of traits affecting seed coat roughness and colour, plant height, axil ring pigmentation, leaflet number and leaflet indentation enabled the definition of their corresponding genomic regions. The consequence of structural rearrangement for trait analysis is illustrated by leaf serration. These analyses pave the way for identification of the underlying genes and illustrate the utility of these publicly available resources. Segregating inbred populations derived from wide crosses in Pisum, together with the associated marker data, are made publicly available for trait dissection. Genetic analysis of these populations is informative about chromosome scale assemblies, structural diversity in the pea genome and has been useful for the fine mapping of several discrete and quantitative traits.
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Analysis of Institutional DIBH Coaching Program for Surface Guided-DIBH Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e173-e174. [PMID: 37784784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Our institute has implemented a surface guided-DIBH (SG-DIBH) coaching program which involves consultation, pre-treatment (CT-sim) and treatment. We would like to analyze the effectiveness of the program. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 72 left breast cancer patients between 1st Apr 2022 to 9th Dec 2022 were registered for radiation treatment. During consultation, oncologist selected suitable patients based on the following criteria: a) age of 18-70; b) left breast cancer, right breast cancer with internal mammary nodes irradiation or dextrocardia; c) no lung/cardiac disease history & d) volunteer for SG-DIBH technique. The eligible patients were then trained by the coaching therapist using a teaching video and practiced at home. During CT simulation, patients were assessed according to the DIBH evaluation form. The evaluation components included patient's compliancy and understanding, the differences of lateral skin marking (free breathing, FB vs DIBH), duration of breath hold and reproducibility. Patients who passed the evaluation were scanned under both FB and DIBH for SG-DIBH treatment. IMRT-FFF 6 to 7 fields were planned. During SG-DIBH treatment, first 3 fractions and weekly CBCT were taken. Patients were encouraged to continue DIBH practice at home throughout whole course of the treatment and they were given 3 identical survey forms (5 questions) at the beginning, middle and end of treatment. The measure for the success of this coaching program would be number of breath-holds, duration of treatment time, treatment accuracy (CBCT matching) and survey results. RESULTS There were 48 patients who were eligible for DIBH coaching program, however, only 24 patients had passed the coaching evaluation and 20 patients were treated with SG-DIBH technique successfully. The mean of number of breath-hold and treatment time was 7 times and 7.9 minutes. Total of 123 CBCT images were studied. The setup errors were (0.242±0.180) cm, (0.152±0.137) cm, (0.202±0.165) cm, (0.684±0.640) degrees, (0.816±0.767) degrees, (0.912±0.707) degrees in lateral, longitudinal, vertical, pitch, roll and yaw directions. According to the survey analysis, the number of times to practice at home decreased as the treatment went by. An improvement was seen in patients' self-evaluation in mastering DIBH technique with proper coaching program (from 60% to 90%). Patients' anxiety in performing DIBH were alleviated greatly towards the end of the treatment (from 47% to 15%). 100% of the patients were willing to go for DIBH treatment if given a second chance and additional suggestions claimed that professional clinical teams and coaching program were important for their DIBH treatment journey. CONCLUSION A comprehensive DIBH coaching program can effectively identify SG-DIBH patient's suitability. Patient compliancy, treatment accuracy and treatment experience can be enhanced with good coaching program. The involvement of clinical team from consultation to pre-treatment and treatment stage is essential for a successful SG-DIBH treatment.
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Avelumab or talazoparib in combination with binimetinib in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: dose-finding results from phase Ib of the JAVELIN PARP MEKi trial. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101584. [PMID: 37379764 PMCID: PMC10515283 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combinations of avelumab [anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1)] or talazoparib [poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor] with binimetinib (MEK inhibitor) were expected to result in additive or synergistic antitumor activity relative to each drug administered alone. Here, we report phase Ib results from JAVELIN PARP MEKi, which investigated avelumab or talazoparib combined with binimetinib in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with mPDAC that had progressed with prior treatment received avelumab 800 mg every 2 weeks plus binimetinib 45 mg or 30 mg two times daily (continuous), or talazoparib 0.75 mg daily plus binimetinib 45 mg or 30 mg two times daily (7 days on/7 days off). The primary endpoint was dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). RESULTS A total of 22 patients received avelumab plus binimetinib 45 mg (n = 12) or 30 mg (n = 10). Among DLT-evaluable patients, DLT occurred in five of 11 patients (45.5%) at the 45-mg dose, necessitating de-escalation to 30 mg; DLT occurred in three of 10 patients (30.0%) at the 30-mg dose. Among patients treated at the 45-mg dose, one (8.3%) had a best overall response of partial response. Thirteen patients received talazoparib plus binimetinib 45 mg (n = 6) or 30 mg (n = 7). Among DLT-evaluable patients, DLT occurred in two of five patients (40.0%) at the 45-mg dose, necessitating de-escalation to 30 mg; DLT occurred in two of six patients (33.3%) at the 30-mg dose. No objective responses were observed. CONCLUSIONS Combinations of avelumab or talazoparib plus binimetinib resulted in higher-than-expected DLT rates. However, most DLTs were single occurrences, and the overall safety profiles were generally consistent with those reported for the single agents. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.govNCT03637491; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03637491.
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Dopant Mapping of Partially Hydrogenated Vanadium Dioxide using the Energy Loss Near Edge Structure Technique. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:1667-1668. [PMID: 37613910 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
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Predicting band gaps of MOFs on small data by deep transfer learning with data augmentation strategies. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16952-16962. [PMID: 37288371 PMCID: PMC10243186 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02142d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyrin-based MOFs combine the unique photophysical and electrochemical properties of metalloporphyrins with the catalytic efficiency of MOF materials, making them an important candidate for light energy harvesting and conversion. However, accurate prediction of the band gap of porphyrin-based MOFs is hampered by their complex structure-function relationships. Although machine learning (ML) has performed well in predicting the properties of MOFs with large training datasets, such ML applications become challenging when the training data size of the materials is small. In this study, we first constructed a dataset of 202 porphyrin-based MOFs using DFT computations and increased the training data size using two data augmentation strategies. After that, four state-of-the-art neural network models were pre-trained with the recognized open-source database QMOF and fine-tuned with our augmented self-curated datasets. The GCN models predicted the band gaps of the porphyrin-based materials with the lowest RMSE of 0.2767 eV and MAE of 0.1463 eV. In addition, the data augmentation strategy rotation and mirroring effectively decreased the RMSE by 38.51% and MAE by 50.05%. This study demonstrates that, when proper transfer learning and data augmentation strategies are applied, machine learning models can predict the properties of MOFs using small training data.
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Analysis of SOD1 Variants in Chinese Patients with Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. QJM 2023; 116:365-374. [PMID: 36661322 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease, and genetic contributors exert a significant role in the complicated pathogenesis. Identification of the genetic causes in ALS families could be valuable for early diagnosis and management. The development of potential drugs for patients with genetic defects will shed new light on ALS therapy. AIM To identify causative variants in three Chinese families with familial ALS (FALS), reveal the pathogenic mechanism, and look for the targeted drug for ALS. DESIGN AND METHODS Whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatics were used to perform genetic analysis of the ALS families. Functional analysis was performed to study the variants' function and search for potential drug targets. RESULTS Three heterozygous missense variants of the SOD1 gene were identified in families with FALS. The clinical manifestations of these patients include spinal onset, predominant lower motor neurons presentation, and absence of cognitive involvement. Functional analysis showed that all three SOD1 variants led to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, reduced cell viability, and formation of cytoplasmic aggregates. Remarkably, the decreased cell viability induced by variants was rescued after treatment with the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine. CONCLUSIONS This study identified three SOD1 variants in three families with FALS. The variant SOD1 toxicity was associated with oxidative damage and aggregation, and N-acetylcysteine could rescue the decreased cell viability induced by these variants. Our findings support a pathogenic role for ROS in SOD1 deficiencies, and provide a potential drug N-acetylcysteine for ALS therapy, especially in SOD1-patients with limb onset.
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Association of Dental Caries with Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Sarcopenia: A Community-Based Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:10-20. [PMID: 36651482 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Changes in the oral cavity can reflect other changes throughout the body. This study aimed to investigate the association of dental caries with muscle mass, muscle strength, and sarcopenia, and also to describe the microbial diversity, composition, and community structure of severe dental caries and sarcopenia. DESIGN Cross-sectional study based on a Chinese population aged from 50 to 85 years. SETTING Communities from Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province, China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1,442 participants aged from 50 to 85 years from a general community (62.8% women; median age 61.0 [interquartile range: 55.0, 68.0]). MEASUREMENTS Dental caries was assessed by the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of both low muscle mass (assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning) and low muscle strength (assessed by handgrip strength). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of dental caries with muscle mass, muscle strength, and sarcopenia. Fecal samples underwent 16S rRNA profiling to evaluate the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in patients with severe dental caries and/or sarcopenia. RESULTS In the fully adjusted logistic models, dental caries was positively associated with low muscle strength (DMFT ≥ 7: OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.25-2.06), and sarcopenia (DMFT ≥ 7: OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.01-2.26), but not low muscle mass. Severe dental caries was positively associated with higher alpha-diversity indices (richness, chao1, and ACE, all p < 0.05) and associated with beta-diversity based on Bray-Curtis distance (p = 0.006). The severe dental caries group and the sarcopenia group overlapped with 11 depleted and 13 enriched genera. CONCLUSION Dental caries was positively associated with low muscle strength and sarcopenia but not muscle mass, and this association was more pronounced in male individuals. Significant differences were observed in gut microbiota composition both in severe dental caries and sarcopenia, and there was an overlap of the genera features. Future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causal relationships.
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Size-Dependent Interfacial Thermal Transport in Supported Platinum Nanocatalysts. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Microkinetic simulations of acetylene(acetylene-d2) hydrogenation(deuteration) on Ag nanoparticles. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Formation Mechanism of Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons during Pyrolysis of Styrene Butadiene Rubber in Waste Passenger Car Tires. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:42890-42900. [PMID: 36467943 PMCID: PMC9713895 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The production of aromatic hydrocarbons from the waste tire pyrolysis attracts more and more attention because of its tremendous potential. Based on styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), which is the main rubber in the waste passenger car tires, this work studies the temperature influence on primary pyrolysis product distribution by experimental techniques (Py-GC/MS, TG-MS), and then, the formation mechanism of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) observed in the experiment was analyzed by first-principles calculations. The experimental results show that the MAHs during the pyrolysis mainly include styrene, toluene, and xylene, and subsequent calculations showed that these compounds were formed through a series of primary and secondary reactions. The formation pathways of these typical MAHs were studied via the reaction energy barrier analysis, respectively. It shows that the MAHs were not only derived from the benzene ring in the SBR chain but also generated from short-chain alkenes through the Diels-Alder reaction. The obtained pyrolysis reaction mechanism provides theoretical guidance for the regulation of the pyrolysis product distribution of MAHs.
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Pyroptosis associated with immune reconstruction failure in HIV-1- infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:867. [PMID: 36411423 PMCID: PMC9677631 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07818-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) can successfully suppress human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral replication and reconstruct immune function reconstruction in HIV-1-infected patients. However, about 15-30% of HIV-1-infected patients still fail to recover their CD4+ T cell counts after HAART treatment, which means immune reconstruction failure. Pyroptosis plays an important role in the death of CD4+ T cells in HIV-1- infected patients. The study aims to explore the association between the expression of pyroptosis in peripheral blood and immune function reconstruction in HIV-1- infected patients. METHODS One hundred thirty-five HIV-1-infected patients including immunological non-responders (INR) group, immunological responders (IR) group and normal immune function control (NC) group were analyzed. The expression of GSDMD and Caspase-1 in peripheral blood of HIV-1-infected patients were measured by qPCR. The concentrations of GSDMD, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in the peripheral serum were quantified by ELISA. The associations between the expression of pyroptosis in peripheral blood and immune function reconstruction were analyzed using multivariate logistic models. RESULTS The relative expression of GSDMD mRNA and caspase-1 mRNA in peripheral blood, as well as the expression of IL-18 cytokine in the INR, were significantly higher than those in the IR and NC (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of IL-1β cytokine (P > 0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the patients with baseline CD4+ T cell counts less than 100 cells/μL (aOR 7.051, 95% CI 1.115-44.592, P = 0.038), high level of expression of Caspase-1mRNA (aOR 2.803, 95% CI 1.065-7.377, P = 0.037) and IL-18 cytokine (aOR 10.131, 95% CI 1.616-63.505, P = 0.013) had significant poor CD4+ T cell recovery. CONCLUSIONS The baseline CD4+ T cell counts less than 100 cells/μL, high relative expression of Caspase-1 mRNA, and high expression of IL-18 cytokine are associated factors that affect the reconstruction of immune function.
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[Fertility protection and preservation for patients with endometriosis: a Chinese consensus (2022)]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 2022; 57:733-739. [PMID: 36299175 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20220427-00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Tunable mechanical properties of vulcanised styrene-butadiene rubber by regulating cross-linked molecular network structures. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2133152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Potential Dependence of OER/EOP Performance on Heteroatom-doped Carbon Materials by Grand-Canonical Density Functional Theory. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:184105. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0117828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Revealing the effect of external applied potential on the reaction mechanism and product selectivity is of great significance in electrochemical studies. In this work, the grand-canonical density functional theory (GC-DFT) method was applied to simulate the explicit electrocatalytic process of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and electrochemical ozone production (EOP) due to the O3 product sensitivity toward the applied potential. Over the Pt/Pd single atom embedded on B/N co-doped graphene (Pt/Pd-BNC) surface, crossover points of O2/O3 selectivity inversion predicted to be 1.33 V and 0.89 V vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE), which was also consistent with the previous experimental results. In-depth analysis of the energetic terms in the reaction free energies also found the considerable impact of applied potential on the Helmholtz free energy term, with optimal potential was also predicted for the key elementary steps, and linear correlations between electrode potential (U) and reaction free energy were found for each elementary step. This work provides in-depth understandings into the potential effect on the O2/O3 selective formation on two-dimensional (2D) anode surfaces, and provides the new insights for investigating reactivity/selectivity on electrode surfaces in real reaction condition.
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P.33 Muscle ultrasound use in the initial diagnosis of childhood onset neuropathy and neuronopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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LBA74 Genomic biomarkers in peripheral blood (PB) from patients (pts) enrolled in the JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial of avelumab first-line (1L) maintenance in advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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786O Tumor biomarker analysis from COLUMBUS part 1: Encorafenib + binimetinib for BRAF V600E/K-mutant advanced or metastatic melanoma. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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[Clinical pathway for diagnosis and management of endometrial polyps]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 2022; 57:491-495. [PMID: 35902782 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20220422-00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Computational screening of O-functional MXenes for electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)64011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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POS1045 MASS SPECTROMETRY-BASED PROTEOMICS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF CANDIDATE SERUM PROTEIN BIOMARKERS THAT MAY PREDICT TREATMENT RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) has identified a need for biomarkers to predict which patients (pts) with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are most likely to respond to a specific therapy. Failure to identify effective treatments early on results in sub-optimal PsA disease management. Tofacitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor for the treatment of PsA. The efficacy and safety of tofacitinib 5 and 10 mg twice daily (BID) in pts with PsA have been demonstrated.1,2ObjectivesTo identify protein biomarker candidates, which may identify responders (R) vs non-responders (NR) to treatment of PsA, using mass spectrometry-based proteomics.MethodsBaseline (BL) serum samples from pts with PsA receiving tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg BID, adalimumab or placebo in OPAL Broaden (NCT01877668)1 were analysed. Pts were identified as R and NR based on the Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS) at Month 3; pts with lowest PASDAS ≤3.2 were defined as R, those with highest PASDAS >3.2 as NR. Two proteomic strategies were employed for analysis of BL serum samples: (1) targeted mass spectrometric multiple reaction monitoring analysis of an in-house panel (‘PAPRICA’) comprising of 206 proteins, originally developed to distinguish between different arthropathies, and (2) unbiased discovery liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). PAPRICA data were normalised using two methods: normalisation to stable isotopically labelled peptide spike-ins (SIL; corrects for fluctuations in sample injections/mass spectrometry loading amounts), and normalisation to an endogenous peptide panel representing total serum protein abundance (TSPA; corrects for different amounts of total serum protein across samples). Univariate analyses (Student’s t-test) and multivariate machine learning Random Forest (RF) modelling3 were performed. Univariate analysis of the PAPRICA panel of proteins was performed on R vs NR, and within each treatment arm, with no adjustment for multiplicity.Results96 pts were identified as 47 R and 49 NR based on PASDAS scores. Of pts receiving tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg BID (data pooled), adalimumab or placebo, there were 26 R vs 26 NR, 13 R vs 13 NR and 8 R vs 10 NR, respectively. Results from univariate analysis identified 110 differentially expressed PAPRICA peptides between R vs NR (p≤0.05). RF multivariate analysis of all data (n=96) revealed a set of PAPRICA peptide signatures with the ability to differentiate between R and NR. Two RF models generated from the PAPRICA peptide data had training area under curves (AUCs) 0.956 [95% CI 0.93, 0.99] (TSPA) and 0.959 [95% CI 0.94, 0.98] (SIL). In total, 115 PAPRICA peptides representing 87 proteins were identified as potential biomarkers for predicting treatment response. Using unbiased discovery LC-MS/MS, univariate analysis of all data revealed one candidate peptide biomarker (p≤0.05). RF modelling revealed peptides that contributed to two prediction models with training AUCs of 0.903 [95% CI 0.86, 0.96] and 0.928 [95% CI 0.89, 0.96]. In total, from unbiased discovery LC-MS/MS, 66 peptides representing 39 proteins that may act as potential peptide biomarkers were identified in univariate and multivariate analyses.ConclusionUsing two complementary proteomic approaches and a combination of univariate and machine learning models, a total of 181 candidate biomarker peptides corresponding to 106 proteins have been identified that may act as potential biomarkers for predicting response to treatment of PsA. Further study is required to verify and evaluate these candidate biomarkers, and we will report how these proteins map to biological processes, pathways and networks.References[1]Mease et al. N Engl J Med 2017; 377: 1537-1550.[2]Gladman et al. N Engl J Med 2017; 377: 1525-1536.[3]Breiman. Machine Learning 2001; 45: 5-32.AcknowledgementsStudy sponsored by Pfizer Inc. Medical writing support was provided by Lauren Hogarth, CMC Connect, and funded by Pfizer Inc.Disclosure of InterestsJames Waddington Employee of: Atturos, Ruoyi Zhou Employee of: Atturos, Orla Coleman Employee of: Atturos, Bruna Wundervald Employee of: Atturos, Andrew Parnell: None declared, Philip J Mease Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer Inc and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, CorEvitas, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Sun Pharma and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Sun Pharma and UCB, Vinod Chandran Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer Inc and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Lara Fallon Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc, Employee of: Pfizer Inc, Douglass Chapman Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc, Employee of: Pfizer Inc, Remy Pollock Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc, Employee of: Pfizer Inc, Shibing Deng Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc, Employee of: Pfizer Inc, Oliver FitzGerald Shareholder of: Atturos, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer Inc and UCB, Employee of: University College Dublin, Stephen Pennington Shareholder of: Atturos, Employee of: University College Dublin
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Examining differentiation of sympatric
Schizothorax
fishes reveals low differentiation in internal compared to external feeding traits. J Zool (1987) 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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POS-400 CD16+ MONOCYTES RECRUITED BY GLOMERULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS VIA THE CX3CL1-CX3CR1 AXIS CONTROBUTE TO RENAL DAMAGE IN MPO-AAV. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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2021 Canadian Surgery Forum01. Design and validation of a unique endoscopy simulator using a commercial video game03. Is ethnicity an appropriate measure of health care marginalization?: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcomes of diabetic foot ulceration in the Aboriginal population04. Racial disparities in surgery — a cross-specialty matched comparison between black and white patients05. Starting late does not increase the risk of postoperative complications in patients undergoing common general surgical procedures06. Ethical decision-making during a health care crisis: a resource allocation framework and tool07. Ensuring stability in surgical training program leadership: a survey of program directors08. Introducing oncoplastic breast surgery in a community hospital09. Leadership development programs for surgical residents: a review of the literature10. Superiority of non-opioid postoperative pain management after thyroid and parathyroid operations: a systematic review and meta-analysis11. Timing of ERCP relative to cholecystectomy in patients with ductal gallstone disease12. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing intraoperative red blood cell transfusion strategies13. Postoperative outcomes after frail elderly preoperative assessment clinic: a single-institution Canadian perspective14. Selective opioid antagonists following bowel resection for prevention of postoperative ileus: a systematic review and meta-analysis15. Peer-to-peer coaching after bile duct injury16. Laparoscopic median arcuate ligament release: a video abstract17. Retroperitoneoscopic approach to adrenalectomy19. Endoscopic Zenker diverticulotomy: a video abstract20. Variability in surgeons’ perioperative management of pheochromocytomas in Canada21. The contribution of surgeon and hospital variation in transfusion practice to outcomes for patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a population-based analysis22. Perioperative transfusions for gastroesophageal cancers: risk factors and short- and long-term outcomes23. The association between frailty and time alive and at home after cancer surgery among older adults: a population-based analysis24. Psychological and workplace-related effects of providing surgical care during the COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia, Canada25. Safety of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a systematic review26. Complications and reintervention following laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis27. Synchronization of pupil dilations correlates with team performance in a simulated laparoscopic team coordination task28. Receptivity to and desired design features of a surgical peer coaching program: an international survey9. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rates of emergency department utilization due to general surgery conditions30. The impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on the exposure of general surgery trainees to operative procedures31. Association between academic degrees and research productivity: an assessment of academic general surgeons in Canada32. Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for subepithelial gastric lesion: a video presentation33. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute care general surgery at an academic Canadian centre34. Opioid-free analgesia after outpatient general surgery: a pilot randomized controlled trial35. Impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy or targeted therapies on surgical resection in patients with solid tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis37. Surgical data recording in the operating room: a systematic review of modalities and metrics38. Association between nonaccidental trauma and neighbourhood socioeconomic status during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective analysis39. Laparoscopic repair of a transdiaphragmatic gastropleural fistula40. Video-based interviewing in medicine: a scoping review41. Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography for prevention of anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery: a cost analysis from the hospital payer’s perspective43. Perception or reality: surgical resident and faculty assessments of resident workload compared with objective data45. When illness and loss hit close to home: Do health care providers learn how to cope?46. Remote video-based suturing education with smartphones (REVISE): a randomized controlled trial47. The evolving use of robotic surgery: a population-based analysis48. Prophylactic retromuscular mesh placement for parastomal hernia prevention: a retrospective cohort study of permanent colostomies and ileostomies49. Intracorporeal versus extracorporeal anastomosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: a retrospective cohort study on anastomotic complications50. A lay of the land — a description of Canadian academic acute care surgery models51. Emergency general surgery in Ontario: interhospital variability in structures, processes and models of care52. Trauma 101: a virtual case-based trauma conference as an adjunct to medical education53. Assessment of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Surgical Risk Calculator for predicting patient-centred outcomes of emergency general surgery patients in a Canadian health care system54. Sustainability of a narcotic reduction initiative: 1 year following the Standardization of Outpatient Procedure (STOP) Narcotics Study55. Barriers to transanal endoscopic microsurgery referral56. Geospatial analysis of severely injured rural patients in a geographically complex landscape57. Implementation of an incentive spirometry protocol in a trauma ward: a single-centre pilot study58. Impostor phenomenon is a significant risk factor for burnout and anxiety in Canadian resident physicians: a cross-sectional survey59. Understanding the influence of perioperative education on performance among surgical trainees: a single-centre experience60. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on current and future endoscopic personal protective equipment practices: a national survey of 77 endoscopists61. Case report: delayed presentation of perforated sigmoid diverticulitis as necrotizing infection of the lower limb62. Investigating disparities in surgical outcomes in Canadian Indigenous populations63. Fundoplication is superior to medical therapy for Barrett esophagus disease regression and progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis64. Development of a novel online general surgery learning platform and a qualitative preimplementation analysis65. Hagfish slime exudate as a potential novel hemostatic agent: developing a standardized assessment protocol66. The effect of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical oncology case volumes and wait times67. Safety of same-day discharge in high-risk patients undergoing ambulatory general surgery68. External validation of the Codman score in colorectal surgery: a pragmatic tool to drive quality improvement69. Improved morbidity and gastrointestinal restoration rates without compromising survival rates for diverting loop ileostomy with colonic lavage versus total abdominal colectomy for fulminant Clostridioides difficile colitis: a multicentre retrospective cohort study70. Potential access to emergency general surgical care in Ontario71. Immersive virtual reality (iVR) improves procedural duration, task completion and accuracy in surgical trainees: a systematic review01. Clinical validation of the Canada Lymph Node Score for endobronchial ultrasound02. Venous thromboembolism in surgically treated esophageal cancer patients: a provincial population-based study03. Venous thromboembolism in surgically treated lung cancer patients: a population-based study04. Is frailty associated with failure to rescue after esophagectomy? A multi-institutional comparative analysis of outcomes05. Routine systematic sampling versus targeted sampling of lymph nodes during endobronchial ultrasound: a feasibility randomized controlled trial06. Gastric ischemic conditioning reduces anastomotic complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis07. Move For Surgery, a novel preconditioning program to optimize health before thoracic surgery: a randomized controlled trial08. In case of emergency, go to your nearest emergency department — Or maybe not?09. Does preoperative SABR increase the risk of complications from lung cancer resection? A secondary analysis of the MISSILE trial10. Segmental resection for lung cancer: the added value of near-infrared fluorescence mapping diminishes with surgeon experience11. Toward competency-based continuing professional development for practising surgeons12. Stereotactic body radiotherapy versus surgery in older adults with NSCLC — a population-based, matched analysis of long-term dependency outcomes13. Role of adjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy and curative esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis14. Evaluation of population characteristics on the incidence of thoracic empyema: an ecological study15. Determining the optimal stiffness colour threshold and stiffness area ratio cut-off for mediastinal lymph node staging using EBUS elastography and AI: a pilot study16. Quality assurance on the use of sequential compression stockings in thoracic surgery (QUESTs)17. The relationship between fissureless technique and prolonged air leak for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy18. CXCR2 inhibition as a candidate for immunomodulation in the treatment of K-RAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma19. Assessment tools for evaluating competency in video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy: a systematic review20. Understanding the current practice on chest tube management following lung resection among thoracic surgeons across Canada21. Effect of routine jejunostomy tube insertion in esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis22. Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax following bullectomy with pleurodesis or pleurectomy: a retrospective analysis23. Surgical outcomes following chest wall resection and reconstruction24. Outcomes following surgical management of primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumours25. Does robotic approach offer better nodal staging than thoracoscopic approach in anatomical resection for non–small cell lung cancer? A single-centre propensity matching analysis26. Competency assessment for mediastinal mass resection and thymectomy: design and Delphi process27. The contemporary significance of venous thromboembolism (deep venous thrombosis [DVT] and pulmonary embolus [PE]) in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a prospective, multicentre cohort study to evaluate the incidence and clinical outcomes of VTE after major esophageal resections28. Esophageal cancer: symptom severity at the end of life29. The impact of pulmonary artery reconstruction on postoperative and oncologic outcomes: a systematic review30. Association with surgical technique and recurrence after laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia: a single-centre experience31. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in esophagectomy32. Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer: trends in surgical approach and early mortality at a single institution over the past 18 years34. Adverse events and length of stay following minimally invasive surgery in paraesophageal hernia repair35. Long-term symptom control comparison of Dor and Nissen fundoplication following laparoscopic para-esophageal hernia repair: a retrospective analysis36. Willingness to pay: a survey of Canadian patients’ willingness to contribute to the cost of robotic thoracic surgery37. Radiomics in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma: a prediction tool for tumour immune microenvironments38. Effectiveness of intraoperative pyloric botox injection during esophagectomy: how often is endoscopic intervention required?39. An artificial intelligence algorithm for predicting lymph node malignancy during endobronchial ultrasound40. The effect of major and minor complications after lung surgery on length of stay and readmission41. Measuring cost of adverse events following thoracic surgery: a scoping review42. Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair: characterization by hospital and surgeon volume and impact on outcomes43. NSQIP 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index predicts morbidity but not mortality after esophagectomy44. Trajectory of perioperative HRQOL and association with postoperative complications in thoracic surgery patients45. Variation in treatment patterns and outcomes for resected esophageal cancer at designated thoracic surgery centres46. Patient-reported pretreatment health-related quality of life (HRQOL) predicts short-term survival in esophageal cancer patients47. Analgesic efficacy of surgeon-placed paravertebral catheters compared with thoracic epidural analgesia after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy: a retrospective noninferiority study48. Rapid return to normal oxygenation after lung surgery49. Examination of local and systemic inflammatory changes during lung surgery01. Implications of near-infrared imaging and indocyanine green on anastomotic leaks following colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis02. Repeat preoperative endoscopy after regional implementation of electronic synoptic endoscopy reporting: a retrospective comparative study03. Consensus-derived quality indicators for operative reporting in transanal endoscopic surgery (TES)04. Colorectal lesion localization practices at endoscopy to facilitate surgical and endoscopic planning: recommendations from a national consensus Delphi process05. Black race is associated with increased mortality in colon cancer — a population-based and propensity-score matched analysis06. Improved survival in a cohort of patients 75 years and over with FIT-detected colorectal neoplasms07. Laparoscopic versus open loop ileostomy reversal: a systematic review and meta-analysis08. Posterior mesorectal thickness as a predictor of increased operative time in rectal cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study09. Improvement of colonic anastomotic healing in mice with oral supplementation of oligosaccharides10. How can we better identify patients with rectal bleeding who are at high risk of colorectal cancer?11. Assessment of long-term bowel dysfunction in rectal cancer survivors: a population-based cohort study12. Observational versus antibiotic therapy for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis: a noninferiority meta-analysis based on a Delphi consensus13. Radiotherapy alone versus chemoradiotherapy for stage I anal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis14. Is the Hartmann procedure for diverticulitis obsolete? National trends in colectomy for diverticulitis in the emergency setting from 1993 to 201515. Sugammadex in colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis16. Sexuality and rectal cancer treatment: a qualitative study exploring patients’ information needs and expectations on sexual dysfunction after rectal cancer treatment17. Video-based interviews in selection process18. Impact of delaying colonoscopies during the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer detection and prevention19. Opioid use disorder associated with increased anastomotic leak and major complications after colorectal surgery20. Effectiveness of a rectal cancer education video on patient expectations21. Robotic-assisted rectosigmoid and rectal cancer resection: implementation and early experience at a Canadian tertiary centre22. An online educational app for rectal cancer survivors with low anterior resection syndrome: a pilot study23. The effects of surgeon specialization on the outcome of emergency colorectal surgery24. Outcomes after colorectal cancer resections in octogenarians and older in a regional New Zealand setting — What are the predictors of mortality?25. Long-term outcomes after seton placement for perianal fistulae with and without Crohn disease26. A survey of patient and surgeon preference for early ileostomy closure following restorative proctectomy for rectal cancer — Why aren’t we doing it?27. Crohn disease independently associated with longer hospital admission after surgery28. Short-stay (≤ 1 d) diverting loop ileostomy closure can be selectively implemented without an increase in readmission and complication rates: an ACS-NSQIP analysis29. A comparison of perineal stapled rectal prolapse resection and the Altemeier procedure at 2 Canadian academic hospitals30. Mental health and substance use disorders predict 90-day readmission and postoperative complications following rectal cancer surgery31. Early discharge after colorectal cancer resection: trends and impact on patient outcomes32. Oral antibiotics without mechanical bowel preparation prior to emergency colectomy reduces the risk of organ space surgical site infections: a NSQIP propensity score matched study33. The impact of robotic surgery on a tertiary care colorectal surgery program, an assessment of costs and short-term outcomes — a Canadian perspective34. Should we scope beyond the age limit of guidelines? Adenoma detection rates and outcomes of screening and surveillance colonoscopies in patients aged 75–79 years35. Emergency department admissions for uncomplicated diverticulitis: a nationwide study36. Obesity is associated with a complicated episode of acute diverticulitis: a nationwide study37. Green indocyanine angiography for low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer: a prospective before-and-after study38. The impact of age on surgical recurrence of fibrostenotic ileocolic Crohn disease39. A qualitative study to explore the optimal timing and approach for the LARS discussion01. Racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with breast cancer: a SEER-based population analysis02. First-line palliative chemotherapy for esophageal and gastric cancer: practice patterns and outcomes in the general population03. Frailty as a predictor for postoperative outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy04. Synoptic electronic operative reports identify practice variation in cancer surgery allowing for directed interventions to decrease variation05. The role of Hedgehog signalling in basal-like breast cancer07. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes in oncoplastic breast conservation surgery from a single surgeon’s practice in a busy community hospital in Canada08. Upgrade rate of atypical ductal hyperplasia: 10 years of experience and predictive factors09. Time to first adjuvant treatment after oncoplastic breast reduction10. Preparing to survive: improving outcomes for young women with breast cancer11. Opioid prescription and consumption in patients undergoing outpatient breast surgery — baseline data for a quality improvement initiative12. Rectal anastomosis and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Should we avoid diverting loop ileostomy?13. Delays in operative management of early-stage, estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic — a multi-institutional matched historical cohort study14. Opioid prescribing practices in breast oncologic surgery15. Oncoplastic breast reduction (OBR) complications and patient-reported outcomes16. De-escalating breast cancer surgery: Should we apply quality indicators from other jurisdictions in Canada?17. The breast cancer patient experience of telemedicine during COVID-1918. A novel ex vivo human peritoneal model to investigate mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma (GCa)19. Preliminary uptake and outcomes utilizing the BREAST-Q patient-reported outcomes questionnaire in patients following breast cancer surgery20. Routine elastin staining improves detection of venous invasion and enhances prognostication in resected colorectal cancer21. Analysis of exhaled volatile organic compounds: a new frontier in colon cancer screening and surveillance22. A clinical pathway for radical cystectomy leads to a shorter hospital stay and decreases 30-day postoperative complications: a NSQIP analysis23. Fertility preservation in young breast cancer patients: a population-based study24. Investigating factors associated with postmastectomy unplanned emergency department visits: a population-based analysis25. Impact of patient, tumour and treatment factors on psychosocial outcomes after treatment in women with invasive breast cancer26. The relationship between breast and axillary pathologic complete response in women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer01. The association between bacterobilia and the risk of postoperative complications following pancreaticoduodenectomy02. Surgical outcome and quality of life following exercise-based prehabilitation for hepatobiliary surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis03. Does intraoperative frozen section and revision of margins lead to improved survival in patients undergoing resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis04. Prolonged kidney procurement time is associated with worse graft survival after transplantation05. Venous thromboembolism following hepatectomy for colorectal metastases: a population-based retrospective cohort study06. Association between resection approach and transfusion exposure in liver resection for gastrointestinal cancer07. The association between surgeon volume and use of laparoscopic liver resection for gastrointestinal cancer08. Immune suppression through TIGIT in colorectal cancer liver metastases09. “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts” — a combined strategy to reduce postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy10. Laparoscopic versus open synchronous colorectal and hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer11. Identifying prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with recurrent disease following liver resection for colorectal cancer metastasis12. Modified Blumgart pancreatojejunostomy with external stenting in laparoscopic Whipple reconstruction13. Laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: a single centre’s initial experience with introduction of a novel surgical approach14. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus upfront surgery for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: a single-centre cohort analysis15. Thermal ablation and telemedicine to reduce resource utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic16. Cost-utility analysis of normothermic machine perfusion compared with static cold storage in liver transplantation in the Canadian setting17. Impact of adjuvant therapy on overall survival in early-stage ampullary cancers: a single-centre retrospective review18. Presence of biliary anaerobes enhances response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma19. How does tumour viability influence the predictive capability of the Metroticket model? Comparing predicted-to-observed 5-year survival after liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma20. Does caudate resection improve outcomes in patients undergoing curative resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis21. Appraisal of multivariable prognostic models for postoperative liver decompensation following partial hepatectomy: a systematic review22. Predictors of postoperative liver decompensation events following resection in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a population-based study23. Characteristics of bacteriobilia and impact on outcomes after Whipple procedure01. Inverting the y-axis: the future of MIS abdominal wall reconstruction is upside down02. Progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum: a single-centre retrospective study03. The role of radiologic classification of parastomal hernia as a predictor of the need for surgical hernia repair: a retrospective cohort study04. Comparison of 2 fascial defect closure methods for laparoscopic incisional hernia repair01. Hypoalbuminemia predicts serious complications following elective bariatric surgery02. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band migration inducing jejunal obstruction associated with acute pancreatitis: aurgical approach of band removal03. Can visceral adipose tissue gene expression determine metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery?04. Improvement of kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease and severe obesity after bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis05. A prediction model for delayed discharge following gastric bypass surgery06. Experiences and outcomes of Indigenous patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a mixed-methods scoping review07. What is the optimal common channel length in revisional bariatric surgery?08. Laparoscopic management of internal hernia in a 34-week pregnant woman09. Characterizing timing of postoperative complications following elective Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy10. Canadian trends in bariatric surgery11. Common surgical stapler problems and how to correct them12. Management of choledocholithiasis following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Surg 2021; 64:S80-S159. [PMID: 35483046 PMCID: PMC8677574 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.021321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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[The effect of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels on the migration of pericytes in the mice of senile cochlear stria vascularis]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2021; 56:1319-1327. [PMID: 34963221 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201225-00951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BK(Ca)) was involved in the migration of pericytes (PC) in the mice of senile cochlear stria vascularis capillaries PC. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3-month (n=10) and 12-month groups (n=10). Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was used to test the hearing threshold of each group. The immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression changes of osteopontin (OPN) and β-BK(Ca) channels on cochlear stria vascularis PC. The morphological changes of perivascular cells in cochlea were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Cell experiment: The PC, which were in the stria vascularis of the cochlea were primary cultured and identified. A cell senile model was made with D-gal. The appropriate intervention concentration of low galactose (D-gal) was determined by CCK8. β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining was used to evaluate the cell decrept level. The change of BK(Ca) channels current on PC were recorded by whole cell patch clamp technique. The expression of BK(Ca) channels on PC was detected by immunofluorescence. The migration and invasion ability of two groups were detected by using Scratch test and Transwell. The levels of OPN and β-BK(Ca) channels were detected by Western blot. SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: The ABR threshold in the 12-month group was higher than 3-month group (t=12.66, P<0.01). In the 12-month group, the expression of β-BK(Ca) channel was lower and the expression of OPN was increased (t=14.64, P<0.01; t=20.73, P<0.01). In TEM, cochlear stria vascularis PC were tightly connected to endothelial cells in 3-month group, while PC were loosely connected to endothelial cells or PC soma were separated from the capillary in 12-month group. Cell experiment: The positive rate of PC in the primary cultured cochlear stria vascularis is above 95%. Compared with the SA-β-gal stained cells in the control group, the positive rate of 15 mg/ml D-gal intervention PC was 85% (t=36.90, P<0.01). Whole cell patch clamp BK(Ca) channels current decreased in the D-gal group compared with the young group PC (t=12.18, P<0.05). The OPN expression in the senile group was higher than control group (t=16.30, P<0.01), while the β-BK(Ca) channels expression was decreased (t=11.98, P<0.01; t=15.72, P<0.05), and migration ability raised (t=7.91, P<0.01;t=7.59, P<0.01). After intervened of BK(Ca) channels specific blocker IBTX in the D-gal group, the expression of OPN and migration were increased (t=4.26, P<0.05; t=5.88, P<0.01; t=21.97, P<0.01). Conclusion: PC migration capacity were increased during the senile period, and the expression of β-BK(Ca) channel was decreased. The administration of IBTX, a specific blocker of BK(Ca) channel, at the cell level could increase the migration capacity, suggesting that BK(Ca) might be involved in the migration of PC in the stria vascularis of the aging cochlea.
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[Effect of microvascular pericytes of cochlear stria vascularis on endothelial cell permeability in C57BL/6J mice]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2021; 56:1185-1193. [PMID: 34749458 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201202-00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the changes in the permeability of the blood labyrinth barrier of the aging cochlea in mice, and to establish a non-contact co-culture model of endothelial cells (EC) and pericytes (PC) to furtherly investigate the cochlear stria vascularis microvascular pericytes impact on the permeability of endothelial cells. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were divided into two groups, three months old as young group, 12 months old as senile group. Cell experiment was divided into four groups, EC group, EC+PC co-culture group, D-gal+EC group and D-gal+EC+PC co-culture group. Auditory brainstem response (auditory brain response, ABR) was used to detect the auditory function of the two groups of mice. Evans blue staining was applied to detect the permeability of the cochlear blood labyrinth barrier of the two groups of mice. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of blood labyrinth barrier endothelial cells, pericytes and tight junctions in the two groups of mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of tight junction proteins in the stria vascularis of the cochlea of the two groups of mice. Transwell chamber was used to detect the permeability of endothelial cells. Western blot and immunofluorescence technology were used to detect the expression level of tight junction protein on endothelial cells. SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: Compared with the young group, the ABR threshold of the aging group was significantly increased, the latency of wave I was prolonged (t=10.25, P<0.01;t=5.61, P<0.05), the permeability of the cochlear blood labyrinth barrier was increased and the expression of tight junction protein on the vascular stria was decreased (P<0.05). The cochlear ultrastructure showed that the cochlear vascular stria microvascular lumen was deformed, the basement membrane thickened and the tight junction gap between endothelium enlarged. The positive rate of ECs and PCs in primary culture was more than 95%. The cells induced by 15 g/L D-gal were determined to be senescent cells. Compared with EC group, the expression of tight junction protein in endothelial cells of D-gal+EC group decreased(t=7.42,P<0.01;t=13.19,P<0.05)and the permeability increased (t=11.17, P<0.01). In the co-culture group, the expression of tight junction protein between endothelial cells in EC+PC co-culture group and D-gal+EC+PC co-culture group increased and the permeability decreased. Conclusions: In aging mice, the permeability of cochlear blood labyrinth barrier will increase and the level of tight junction protein will decrease; in aging state, cochlear vascular stria microvascular pericytes may affect endothelial cell permeability by regulating the expression of tight junction protein.
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Symbolic Transformer Accelerating Machine Learning Screening of Hydrogen and Deuterium Evolution Reaction Catalysts in MA 2Z 4 Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:50878-50891. [PMID: 34672634 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been developed into various catalysts with high performance, but employing them for developing highly stable and active nonprecious hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts still encounters many challenges. To this end, the machine learning (ML) screening of HER catalysts is accelerated by using genetic programming (GP) of symbolic transformers for various typical 2D MA2Z4 materials. The values of the Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption (ΔGH*) are accurately and rapidly predicted via extreme gradient boosting regression by using only simple GP-processed elemental features, with a low predictive root-mean-square error of 0.14 eV. With the analysis of ML and density functional theory (DFT) methods, it is found that various electronic structural properties of metal atoms and the p-band center of surface atoms play a crucial role in regulating the HER performance. Based on these findings, NbSi2N4 and VSi2N4 are discovered to be active catalysts with thermodynamical and dynamical stability as ΔGH* approaches to zero (-0.041 and 0.024 eV). In addition, DFT calculations reveal that these catalysts also exhibit good deuterium evolution reaction (DER) performance. Overall, a multistep workflow is developed through ML models combined with DFT calculations for efficiently screening the potential HER and DER catalysts from 2D materials with the same crystal prototype, which is believed to have significant contribution to catalyst design and fabrication.
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Sintering Rate and Mechanism of Supported Pt Nanoparticles by Multiscale Simulation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12529-12538. [PMID: 34689549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stability is the key issue in the industrial application of supported metal nanocatalysts. A combination method of density functional theory calculations, machine learning, and molecular dynamics simulation is adopted to study the sintering behavior of supported platinum (Pt) nanoparticles on graphene or TiO2 nanosheet, and analyze sintering mechanisms under different temperatures, particle sizes, and metal support interactions (MSIs). The results show that the agglomeration of supported nanoparticles is mainly based on the mechanism of small particle migration and growth. Small-sized particles with high surface energy determine the sintering rate. In addition, the increase of temperature is conducive to the agglomeration of particles, especially for systems with strong MSI. Based on the analysis of the sintering process, a sintering kinetic model of supported Pt nanoparticles related to particle size, temperature, and MSI is established, which provides theoretical guidance for the design of supported metal catalysts with high thermal stability.
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Effect of Cross‐Linked Structures on Mechanical Properties of Styrene‐Butadiene Rubber via Molecular Dynamics Simulation. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.202100054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Potential Pitfalls in the Analysis and Structural Interpretation of Seismic Data from the Mars InSight Mission. THE BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA : BSSA 2021; 111:2982-3002. [PMID: 35001979 PMCID: PMC8739436 DOI: 10.1785/0120210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) of the InSight mission to Mars, has been providing direct information on Martian interior structure and dynamics of that planet since it landed. Compared to seismic recordings on Earth, ground motion measurements acquired by SEIS on Mars are made under dramatically different ambient noise conditions, but include idiosyncratic signals that arise from coupling between different InSight sensors and spacecraft components. This work is to synthesize what is known about these signal types, illustrate how they can manifest in waveforms and noise correlations, and present pitfalls in structural interpretations based on standard seismic analysis methods. We show that glitches, a type of prominent transient signal, can produce artifacts in ambient noise correlations. Sustained signals that vary in frequency, such as lander modes which are affected by variations in temperature and wind conditions over the course of the Martian Sol, can also contaminate ambient noise results. Therefore, both types of signals have the potential to bias interpretation in terms of subsurface layering. We illustrate that signal processing in the presence of identified nonseismic signals must be informed by an understanding of the underlying physical processes in order for high fidelity waveforms of ground motion to be extracted. While the origins of most idiosyncratic signals are well understood, the 2.4 Hz resonance remains debated and the literature does not contain an explanation of its fine spectral structure. Even though the selection of idiosyncratic signal types discussed in this paper may not be exhaustive, we provide guidance on best practices for enhancing the robustness of structural interpretations.
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Sulfur doped FeO x nanosheet arrays supported on nickel foam for efficient alkaline seawater splitting. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13312-13319. [PMID: 34608917 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02506f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Developing economical, efficient and stable bifunctional catalysts for hydrogen production from seawater is of great significance for hydrogen utilization. Herein, sulfur doped iron oxide nanosheet arrays supported on nickel foam (FeOx-Ni3S2@NF) are prepared by a one-pot solvothermal reaction. Owing to the high intrinsic activity of FeOx-Ni3S2, the large catalytic specific surface area of nanosheet arrays and the fast charge transportation capability achieved by the self-supporting configuration, the FeOx-Ni3S2@NF electrode delivers excellent catalytic performance in alkaline simulated seawater (1 M KOH + 0.5 M NaCl). Impressively, a low overpotential of 120 mV at 50 mA cm-2 with a Tafel slope of 57 mV dec-1 for the hydrogen evolution reaction and an overpotential of 470 mV at 200 mA cm-2 with a Tafel slope of 62 mV dec-1 for the oxygen evolution reaction are achieved. More importantly, the voltage is only 1.5 V at 50 mA cm-2 for continuous overall water splitting for 100 h at 200 mA cm-2 with negligible decay in alkaline simulated seawater with almost 100% Faraday efficiency. This work provides a simple and universal strategy to prepare highly efficient bifunctional catalytic materials, promoting the development of Earth-abundant materials to catalyse seawater splitting to produce high-purity hydrogen.
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Meso-scale simulation on mechanism of Na+-gated water-conducting nanochannels in zeolite NaA. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Atypical spindle cell lipomatous tumour – A case report. Pathology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pineal region germinoma – A Case report. Pathology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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A strategy for preparing high-efficiency and economical catalytic electrodes toward overall water splitting. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:10624-10648. [PMID: 34132310 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02307a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyzing water technology to prepare high-purity hydrogen is currently an important field in energy development. However, the preparation of efficient, stable, and inexpensive hydrogen production technology from electrolyzed water is a major problem in hydrogen energy production. The key technology for hydrogen production from water electrolysis is to prepare highly efficient catalytic, stable and durable electrodes, which are used to reduce the overpotential of the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction of electrolyzed water. The main strategies for preparing catalytic electrodes include: (i) choosing cheap, large specific surface area and stable base materials, (ii) modulating the intrinsic activity of the catalytic material through elemental doping and lattice changes, and (iii) adjusting the morphology and structure to increase the catalytic activity. Based on these findings, herein, we review the recent work in the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, introduce the preparation of catalytic electrodes based on nickel foam, carbon cloth and new flexible materials, and summarize the catalytic performance of metal oxides, phosphides, sulfides and nitrides in the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions. Secondly, parameters such as the overpotential, Tafel slope, active site, turnover frequency, and stability are used as indicators to measure the performance of catalytic electrode materials. Finally, taking the material cost of the catalytic electrode as a reference, the successful preparations are comprehensively compared. The overall aim is to shed some light on the exploration of high-efficiency and economical electrodes in energy chemistry and also demonstrate that there is still room for discovering new combinations of electrodes including base materials, composition lattice changes and morphologies.
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Effects of surface functionalization of mxene-based nanocatalysts on hydrogen evolution reaction performance. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pyrolysis of vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber via ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A first-principles study of reaction mechanism over carbon decorated oxygen-deficient TiO2 supported Pd catalyst in direct synthesis of H2O2. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Immersive visualisation of intracardiac blood flow in virtual reality on a patient with HLHS. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): NIHR i4i funded 3D Heart project Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Medical Engineering [WT 203148/Z/16/Z]
onbehalf
3D Heart Project
Background/Introduction: Virtual Reality (VR) for surgical and interventional planning in the treatment of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is an emerging field that has the potential to improve planning. Particularly in very complex cases, VR permits enhanced visualisation and more intuitive interaction of volumetric images, compared to traditional flat-screen visualisation tools. Blood flow is severely affected by CHD and, thus, visualisation of blood flow allows direct observation of the cardiac maladaptions for surgical planning. However, blood flow is fundamentally 3D information, and viewing and interacting with it using conventional 2D displays is suboptimal.
Purpose
To demonstrate feasibility of blood flow visualisation in VR using pressure and velocity obtained from a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of the right ventricle in a patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) as a proof of concept.
Methods
We extend an existing VR volume rendering application to include CFD rendering functionality using the Visualization Toolkit (VTK), an established visualisation library widely used in clinical software for visualising medical imaging data. Our prototype displays the mesh outline of the segmented heart, a slicing plane showing blood pressure on the plane within the heart, and streamlines of blood flow from a spherical source region. Existing user tools were extended to enable interactive positioning, rotation and scaling of the pressure plane and streamline origin, ensuring continuity between volume rendering and CFD interaction and, thus, ease of use. We evaluated if rendering and interaction times were low enough to ensure a comfortable, interactive VR experience. Our performance benchmark is a previous study showing VR is acceptable to clinical users when rendering speed is at least 90 fps.
Results
CFD simulations were successfully rendered, viewed and manipulated in VR, as shown in the Figure. Evaluating performance, we found that visualisation of the mesh and streamlines was at an acceptably high and stable frame rate, over 150fps. User interactions of moving, rotating or scaling the mesh or streamlines origin did not significantly reduce this frame rate. However, rendering the pressure slicing plane reduced frame rate by an unacceptable degree, to less than 10fps.
Conclusion
Visualisation of and interaction with CFD simulation data was successfully integrated into an existing VR application. This aids in surgery and intervention planning for defects heavily relying on blood flow simulation, and lays a foundation for a platform for clinicians to test interventions in VR. Pressure plane rendering performance will require significant optimisation, potentially addressed by updating the pressure plane data separately from the main, VR rendering.
Abstract Figure. An example render of CFD simulation
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Automatic orientation cues for intuitive immersive interrogation of 3D echocardiographic images in virtual reality using deep learning. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): NIHR i4i funded 3D Heart Project Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Medical Engineering (WT 203148/Z/16/Z)
onbehalf
3D Heart Project
Background/Introduction:
In echocardiography (echo), image orientation is determined by the position and direction of the transducer during examination, unlike cardiovascular imaging modalities such as CT or MRI. As a result, when echo images are first shown their display orientation has no external anatomical landmarks, thus the user has to identify anatomical landmarks in the regions of interest to understand the orientation.
Purpose
To display an anatomical model of a standard heart, automatically aligned to an acquired patient’s 3D echo image - assisting image interpretation by quickly orienting the viewer.
Methods
47 echo datasets from 13 pediatric patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) were annotated by manually indicating the cardiac axes in both ES and ED volumes. We chose a view akin to the standard four chamber view in healthy hearts as the reference view, showing the AV valves, the right atrium, the left atrium and the hypoplastic ventricle. We then trained a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the rotation required for re-orientation to the reference view. Three data strategies were explored: 1) using 3D images to estimate orientation, 2) using three orthogonal slices only (2.5D approach) and 3) using the central slice only (2D approach). Three different algorithms were investigated: 1) an orientation classifier, 2) an orientation regressor with mean absolute angle error, and 3) an orientation regressor with geodesic loss. The data was split into training, validation and test sets with a 8:1:1 ratio. The training data was augmented by applying random rotations in the range [−10◦, +10◦] and updating labels accordingly. The model with smallest validation error was applied in tandem with the VR visualisation of the echo volumes.
Results
Experimental results suggest that a 2.5D CNN classifying discrete integer angles performs best in re-orienting volumetric images to the reference view, with a mean absolute angle error on the test set of 9.0 deg (test set error ranges from 10.8 to 25.9 deg. for other algorithms). An HLHS volumetric data (left) is automatically aligned with the cardiac model (right) using our trained network when loaded in VR as shown in Figure 1. The volume and the model are both cropped at the referencing plane.
Conclusion
A deep learning network to align 3D echo images to a reference view was successfully trained and then integrated into VR to reorient echo volumes to match a standard anatomical view. This work demonstrates the potential of combining artificial intelligence and VR in medical imaging, although further user study is expected to evaluate its clinical impact.
Caption for Abstract Picture
The VR user interface informs the user of the 3D echo image orientation, automatically aligning it with an anatomical model, here showing the four chamber apical view.
Abstract Figure. Deep learning model integrated into VR
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Remote Tracking Gas Molecular via the Standalone-Like Nanosensor-Based Tele-Monitoring System. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:32. [PMID: 34138230 PMCID: PMC8187508 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00551-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTS A standalone-like smart device that can remotely track the variation of air pollutants in a power-saving way is created; Metal–organic framework-derived hollow polyhedral ZnO was successfully synthesized, allowing the created smart device to be highly selective and to sensitively track the variation of NO2 concentration; A novel photoluminescence-enhanced Li-Fi telecommunication technique is proposed, offering the created smart device with the capability of long distance wireless communication. ABSTRACT Remote tracking the variation of air quality in an effective way will be highly helpful to decrease the health risk of human short- and long-term exposures to air pollution. However, high power consumption and poor sensing performance remain the concerned issues, thereby limiting the scale-up in deploying air quality tracking networks. Herein, we report a standalone-like smart device that can remotely track the variation of air pollutants in a power-saving way. Brevity, the created smart device demonstrated satisfactory selectivity (against six kinds of representative exhaust gases or air pollutants), desirable response magnitude (164–100 ppm), and acceptable response/recovery rate (52.0/50.5 s), as well as linear response relationship to NO2. After aging for 2 weeks, the created device exhibited relatively stable sensing performance more than 3 months. Moreover, a photoluminescence-enhanced light fidelity (Li-Fi) telecommunication technique is proposed and the Li-Fi communication distance is significantly extended. Conclusively, our reported standalone-like smart device would sever as a powerful sensing platform to construct high-performance and low-power consumption air quality wireless sensor networks and to prevent air pollutant-induced diseases via a more effective and low-cost approach. [Image: see text] ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL The online version of this article (10.1007/s40820-020-00551-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Multiscale in-vitro analysis of photo-activated riboflavin incorporated in an experimental universal adhesive. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 112:104082. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nanosensor-Based Flexible Electronic Assisted with Light Fidelity Communicating Technology for Volatolomics-Based Telemedicine. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15517-15532. [PMID: 33141556 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Telemedicine provides an attractive vision for tele-monitoring human health conditions and, thus, offers the opportunity for timely preventing chronic disease. A key limitation of promoting telemedicine in clinic application is the lack of a noninvasive med-tech and effective monitoring platform, which should be wearable and capable of high-performance tele-monitoring of health risk. Here we proposed a volatolomics-based telemedicine for continuously and noninvasively assessing human health status through continuously tracking the variation of volatile markers derived from human breath or skin. Particularly, a nanosensor-based flexible electronic was specifically designed to serve as a powerful platform for implementing the proposed cost-effective healthcare. An all-flexible and highly packed makeup (all functional units were integrated in a 2*2*0.19 cm3 plate) enables an electronic, compact configuration and the capability of resisting negative impact derived from customers' daily movement. Notably, the nanosensor-based electronic demonstrates high specificity, quick response rate (t90% = 4.5 s), and desirable low detection limit (down to 0.117 ppm) in continuous tele-monitoring chronic-disease-related volatile marker (e.g., acetone). Assisted by the power saved light fidelity (Li-Fi) communicating technology, a clinic proof on the specifically designed electronic for noninvasively and uninterrupted assessing potential health risk (e.g., diabetics) is successfully implemented, with the accuracy of around 81%. A further increase in the accuracy of prewarning is predicted by excluding the impact of individual differences such as the gender, age, and smoking status of the customer. These promising pilot results indicate a bright future for the tailor-made nanosensing-device-supported volatolomics-based telemedicine in preventing chronic diseases and increasing patients' survival rate.
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Long-Term Results of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Combined With Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Prior to Surgery in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Single Institute Prospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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