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The rice OsERF101 transcription factor regulates the NLR Xa1-mediated immunity induced by perception of TAL effectors. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1441-1454. [PMID: 36050871 PMCID: PMC9826229 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) initiate immune responses by recognizing pathogen effectors. The rice gene Xa1 encodes an NLR with an N-terminal BED domain, and recognizes transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors of Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo). Our goal here was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms controlling the induction of immunity by Xa1. We used yeast two-hybrid assays to screen for host factors that interact with Xa1 and identified the AP2/ERF-type transcription factor OsERF101/OsRAP2.6. Molecular complementation assays were used to confirm the interactions among Xa1, OsERF101 and two TAL effectors. We created OsERF101-overexpressing and knockout mutant lines in rice and identified genes differentially regulated in these lines, many of which are predicted to be involved in the regulation of response to stimulus. Xa1 interacts in the nucleus with the TAL effectors and OsERF101 via the BED domain. Unexpectedly, both the overexpression and the knockout lines of OsERF101 displayed Xa1-dependent, enhanced resistance to an incompatible Xoo strain. Different sets of genes were up- or downregulated in the overexpression and knockout lines. Our results indicate that OsERF101 regulates the recognition of TAL effectors by Xa1, and functions as a positive regulator of Xa1-mediated immunity. Furthermore, an additional Xa1-mediated immune pathway is negatively regulated by OsERF101.
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Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2022; 82:618. [PMID: 35859696 PMCID: PMC9288420 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 × 6 × 6 m 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties.
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3
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ItemSB: Itemsets with Statistically Distinctive Backgrounds Discovered by Evolutionary Method. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEMANTIC COMPUTING 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793351x22420028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment: DUNE Collaboration. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2021; 81:322. [PMID: 34720713 PMCID: PMC8550327 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09007-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of studies quantifying DUNE's sensitivities to sterile neutrino mixing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy colliders and significantly extend the present reach.
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Grants
- MR/T019530/1 Medical Research Council
- MR/T041323/1 Medical Research Council
- MSMT, Czech Republic
- NRF, South Korea
- Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- SERI, Switzerland
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- U.S. Department of Energy
- CERN
- Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu
- The Royal Society, United Kingdom
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- U.S. NSF
- FCT, Portugal
- CEA, France
- CNRS/IN2P3, France
- European Regional Development Fund
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- H2020-EU, European Union
- IPP, Canada
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- CAM, Spain
- MSCA, European Union
- Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
- Fundacção de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- Fundacion “La Caixa” Spain
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Unusual Near-Horizon Cosmic-Ray-like Events Observed by ANITA-IV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:071103. [PMID: 33666466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.071103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ANITA's fourth long-duration balloon flight in 2016 detected 29 cosmic-ray (CR)-like events on a background of 0.37_{-0.17}^{+0.27} anthropogenic events. CRs are mainly seen in reflection off the Antarctic ice sheets, creating a phase-inverted waveform polarity. However, four of the below-horizon CR-like events show anomalous noninverted polarity, a p=5.3×10^{-4} chance if due to background. All anomalous events are from locations near the horizon; ANITA-IV observed no steeply upcoming anomalous events similar to the two such events seen in prior flights.
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6
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Prediction of atrial fibrillation by 12-lead electrocardiogram parameters in patients without structural heart disease. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Recently, the analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform by artificial intelligence has been reported to pick out those who have atrial fibrillation (AF) or have a high potential of developing AF, which, however, cannot explain the mechanisms or algorisms for the prediction from its nature.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis to investigate the difference of weighting in predicting capability for AF among hundreds of automatically-measured ECG parameters using a single ECG at sinus rhythm.
Methods and results
Out of Shinken Database 2010–2017 (n=19170), 12825 patients were extracted, where those with ECG showing AF rhythm at the initial visit (including all persistent/permanent AF and a part of paroxysmal AF) and those with structural heart diseases were excluded. Out of 639 automatically-measured ECG parameters in MUSE data management system (GE Healthcare, USA), 438 were used. [Analysis 1] A predicting model for paroxysmal AF were determined by logistic regression analysis (Total, n=12825; paroxysmal AF, n=1138), showing a high predictive capability (AUC = 0.780, p<0.001). In this model, the relative contribution of ECG parameters (by coefficient of determination) according to the time phase were P:72.4%, QRS:32.7%, and ST-T:13.7%, respectively (Figure A). [Analysis 2] Excluding AF at baseline, a predicting model for new-developed AF were determined by Cox regression analysis (Total, n=11687; new-developed AF, n=87), showing a high predictive capability (AUC = 0.887, p<0.001). In this model, the relative contribution of parameters (by log likelihood) according to the time phase were P:40.8%, QRS:42.5%, and ST-T:24.9%, respectively (Figure B).
Conclusions
We determined ECG parameters that potentially contribute to picking up existing AF or predicting future development of AF, where the measurement of P wave strongly contributed in the former whereas all time phases were similarly important in the latter.
Weighting of parameters to predict AF
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Self funding of the institute
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Heart rate recovery after exercise as a prognostic predictor in patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A delayed heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise is related to mortality in sinus rhythm. This study aimed to investigate this concept can be applied to patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Methods
We analyzed 483 patients with AF (mean 65 years, male 74%). HRR integral was calculated by integrating the difference in HR in every 3 second between the end of exercise and the specified time after the exercise (30, 60, 120 and 180 seconds). After evaluating the prognostic power of each HRR integral, we selected HRR integral of 180 seconds (180HRR-integral).
Results
We divided the patients into two groups using median value of 180HRR-integral. All-cause mortality, the incidence of cardiovascular events and heart failure events were higher in the poor 180HRR-integral. After adjustment for covariates, the impact of the high 180HRR-integral for all-cause mortality was 3.15 (p=0.057), 1.77 for cardiovascular events (p=0.067) and 1.28 for heart failure events (p=0.519).
Conclusion
Poor HRR was associated with worse prognosis in patients with AF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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An analysis method for eye motion and eye blink detection from colour images around ocular region. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPACE-BASED AND SITUATED COMPUTING 2019. [DOI: 10.1504/ijssc.2019.100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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An analysis method for eye motion and eye blink detection from colour images around ocular region. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPACE-BASED AND SITUATED COMPUTING 2019. [DOI: 10.1504/ijssc.2019.10021591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Observation of an Unusual Upward-Going Cosmic-Ray-like Event in the Third Flight of ANITA. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:161102. [PMID: 30387639 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.161102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on an upward traveling, radio-detected cosmic-ray-like impulsive event with characteristics closely matching an extensive air shower. This event, observed in the third flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA), a NASA-sponsored long-duration balloon payload, is consistent with a similar event reported in a previous flight. These events could be produced by the atmospheric decay of an upward-propagating τ lepton produced by a ν_{τ} interaction, although their relatively steep arrival angles create tension with the standard model neutrino cross section. Each of the two events have a posteriori background estimates of ≲10^{-2} events. If these are generated by τ-lepton decay, then either the charged-current ν_{τ} cross section is suppressed at EeV energies, or the events arise at moments when the peak flux of a transient neutrino source was much larger than the typical expected cosmogenic background neutrinos.
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11
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Measurement of the tau neutrino cross section in atmospheric neutrino oscillations with Super-Kamiokande. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.052006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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13
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Search for Boosted Dark Matter Interacting with Electrons in Super-Kamiokande. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:221301. [PMID: 29906152 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.221301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A search for boosted dark matter using 161.9 kt yr of Super-Kamiokande IV data is presented. We search for an excess of elastically scattered electrons above the atmospheric neutrino background, with a visible energy between 100 MeV and 1 TeV, pointing back to the Galactic center or the Sun. No such excess is observed. Limits on boosted dark matter event rates in multiple angular cones around the Galactic center and Sun are calculated. Limits are also calculated for a baseline model of boosted dark matter produced from cold dark matter annihilation or decay. This is the first experimental search for boosted dark matter from the Galactic center or the Sun interacting in a terrestrial detector.
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14
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Recognition of a variety of activities considering smartphone positions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPACE-BASED AND SITUATED COMPUTING 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijssc.2018.10015578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Recognition of a variety of activities considering smartphone positions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPACE-BASED AND SITUATED COMPUTING 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijssc.2018.094468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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P4220Feasibility of contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion in chronic kidney disease patients: sub-analysis of Japanese multicenter registry. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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P4222Examination of chronic total occlusion cases who were switched to antegrade approach after failure of retrograde procedure from the Japanese Retrograde Summit Registry. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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P642Variable prognostic value of blood pressure response to exercise. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Measurements of the atmospheric neutrino flux by Super-Kamiokande: Energy spectra, geomagnetic effects, and solar modulation. Int J Clin Exp Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.94.052001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Characteristics of Four Upward-Pointing Cosmic-Ray-like Events Observed with ANITA. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:071101. [PMID: 27563945 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.071101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on four radio-detected cosmic-ray (CR) or CR-like events observed with the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA), a NASA-sponsored long-duration balloon payload. Two of the four were previously identified as stratospheric CR air showers during the ANITA-I flight. A third stratospheric CR was detected during the ANITA-II flight. Here, we report on characteristics of these three unusual CR events, which develop nearly horizontally, 20-30 km above the surface of Earth. In addition, we report on a fourth steeply upward-pointing ANITA-I CR-like radio event which has characteristics consistent with a primary that emerged from the surface of the ice. This suggests a possible τ-lepton decay as the origin of this event, but such an interpretation would require significant suppression of the standard model τ-neutrino cross section.
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21
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Invited Article: miniTimeCube. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:021301. [PMID: 26931826 DOI: 10.1063/1.4942243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the development of the miniTimeCube (mTC), a novel compact neutrino detector. The mTC is a multipurpose detector, aiming to detect not only neutrinos but also fast/thermal neutrons. Potential applications include the counterproliferation of nuclear materials and the investigation of antineutrino short-baseline effects. The mTC is a plastic 0.2% (10)B-doped scintillator (13 cm)(3) cube surrounded by 24 Micro-Channel Plate (MCP) photon detectors, each with an 8 × 8 anode totaling 1536 individual channels/pixels viewing the scintillator. It uses custom-made electronics modules which mount on top of the MCPs, making our detector compact and able to both distinguish different types of events and reject noise in real time. The detector is currently deployed and being tested at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research nuclear reactor (20 MWth) in Gaithersburg MD. A shield for further tests is being constructed, and calibration and upgrades are ongoing. The mTC's improved spatiotemporal resolution will allow for determination of incident particle directions beyond previous capabilities.
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22
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Search for Nucleon and Dinucleon Decays with an Invisible Particle and a Charged Lepton in the Final State at the Super-Kamiokande Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:121803. [PMID: 26430987 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.121803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Search results for nucleon decays p→e^{+}X, p→μ^{+}X, n→νγ (where X is an invisible, massless particle) as well as dinucleon decays np→e^{+}ν, np→μ^{+}ν, and np→τ^{+}ν in the Super-Kamiokande experiment are presented. Using single-ring data from an exposure of 273.4 kton·yr, a search for these decays yields a result consistent with no signal. Accordingly, lower limits on the partial lifetimes of τ_{p→e^{+}X}>7.9×10^{32} yr, τ_{p→μ^{+}X}>4.1×10^{32} yr, τ_{n→νγ}>5.5×10^{32} yr, τ_{np→e^{+}ν}>2.6×10^{32} yr, τ_{np→μ^{+}ν}>2.2×10^{32} yr, and τ_{np→τ^{+}ν}>2.9×10^{31} yr at a 90% confidence level are obtained. Some of these searches are novel.
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24
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25
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Search for neutrinos from annihilation of captured low-mass dark matter particles in the sun by super-kamiokande. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:141301. [PMID: 25910107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.141301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Super-Kamiokande (SK) can search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) by detecting neutrinos produced from WIMP annihilations occurring inside the Sun. In this analysis, we include neutrino events with interaction vertices in the detector in addition to upward-going muons produced in the surrounding rock. Compared to the previous result, which used the upward-going muons only, the signal acceptances for light (few-GeV/c^{2}-200-GeV/c^{2}) WIMPs are significantly increased. We fit 3903 days of SK data to search for the contribution of neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the Sun. We found no significant excess over expected atmospheric-neutrino background and the result is interpreted in terms of upper limits on WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering cross sections under different assumptions about the annihilation channel. We set the current best limits on the spin-dependent WIMP-proton cross section for WIMP masses below 200 GeV/c^{2} (at 10 GeV/c^{2}, 1.49×10^{-39} cm^{2} for χχ→bb[over ¯] and 1.31×10^{-40} cm^{2} for χχ→τ^{+}τ^{-} annihilation channels), also ruling out some fraction of WIMP candidates with spin-independent coupling in the few-GeV/c^{2} mass range.
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26
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Search for nucleon decay via n→ν[over ¯]π0 and p→ν[over ¯]π+ in Super-Kamiokande. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:121802. [PMID: 25279622 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of searches for nucleon decay via n→ν[over ¯]π0 and p→ν[over ¯]π+ using data from a combined 172.8 kt·yr exposure of Super-Kamiokande-I,-II, and-III. We set lower limits on the partial lifetime for each of these modes: τn→ν[over ¯]π0>1.1×10(33) years and τp→ν[over ¯]π+>3.9×10(32) years at a 90% confidence level.
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27
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Search for trilepton nucleon decay via p→e+νν and p→μ+νν in the Super-Kamiokande experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:101801. [PMID: 25238348 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The trilepton nucleon decay modes p→e+νν and p→μ+νν violate |Δ(B-L)| by two units. Using data from a 273.4 kt yr exposure of Super-Kamiokande a search for these decays yields a fit consistent with no signal. Accordingly, lower limits on the partial lifetimes of τp→e+νν>1.7×10(32) years and τp→μ+νν>2.2×10(32) years at a 90% confidence level are obtained. These limits can constrain Grand Unified Theories which allow for such processes.
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28
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Search for dinucleon decay into kaons in Super-Kamiokande. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:131803. [PMID: 24745406 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.131803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A search for the dinucleon decay pp → K+ K+ has been performed using 91.6 kton·yr data from Super-Kamiokande-I. This decay provides a sensitive probe of the R-parity-violating parameter λ112''. A boosted decision tree analysis found no signal candidates in the data. The expected background was 0.28±0.19 atmospheric neutrino induced events and the estimated signal detection efficiency was 12.6%±3.2%. A lower limit of 1.7×10(32) years has been placed on the partial lifetime of the decay O16 → C14K+ K+ at 90% C.L. A corresponding upper limit of 7.8×10(-9) has been placed on the parameter λ112''.
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29
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First indication of terrestrial matter effects on solar neutrino oscillation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:091805. [PMID: 24655245 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.091805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report an indication that the elastic scattering rate of solar B8 neutrinos with electrons in the Super-Kamiokande detector is larger when the neutrinos pass through Earth during nighttime. We determine the day-night asymmetry, defined as the difference of the average day rate and average night rate divided by the average of those two rates, to be [-3.2 ± 1.1(stat) ± 0.5(syst)]%, which deviates from zero by 2.7 σ. Since the elastic scattering process is mostly sensitive to electron-flavored solar neutrinos, a nonzero day-night asymmetry implies that the flavor oscillations of solar neutrinos are affected by the presence of matter within the neutrinos' flight path. Super-Kamiokande's day-night asymmetry is consistent with neutrino oscillations for 4 × 10(-5) eV(2) ≤ Δm 2(21) ≤ 7 × 10(-5) eV(2) and large mixing values of θ12, at the 68% C.L.
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30
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Obesity paradox in asian patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.4359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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31
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Impact of atrial fibrillation on long-term clinical outcomes in heart failure outpatients. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Evidence for the appearance of atmospheric tau neutrinos in super-Kamiokande. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:181802. [PMID: 23683190 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.181802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino data were fit with an unbinned maximum likelihood method to search for the appearance of tau leptons resulting from the interactions of oscillation-generated tau neutrinos in the detector. Relative to the expectation of unity, the tau normalization is found to be 1.42 ± 0.35(stat)(-0.12)(+0.14)(syst) excluding the no-tau-appearance hypothesis, for which the normalization would be zero, at the 3.8σ level. We estimate that 180.1 ± 44.3(stat)(-15.2)(+17.8) (syst) tau leptons were produced in the 22.5 kton fiducial volume of the detector by tau neutrinos during the 2806 day running period. In future analyses, this large sample of selected tau events will allow the study of charged current tau neutrino interaction physics with oscillation produced tau neutrinos.
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33
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Search for differences in oscillation parameters for atmospheric neutrinos and antineutrinos at Super-Kamiokande. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:241801. [PMID: 22242990 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.241801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present a search for differences in the oscillations of antineutrinos and neutrinos in the Super-Kamiokande-I, -II, and -III atmospheric neutrino sample. Under a two-flavor disappearance model with separate mixing parameters between neutrinos and antineutrinos, we find no evidence for a difference in oscillation parameters. Best-fit antineutrino mixing is found to be at (Δm2,sin2 2θ)=(2.0×10(-3) eV2, 1.0) and is consistent with the overall Super-K measurement.
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34
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Ultrarelativistic magnetic monopole search with the ANITA-II balloon-borne radio interferometer. Int J Clin Exp Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.83.023513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Observation of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with the ANITA balloon-borne radio interferometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:151101. [PMID: 21230887 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.151101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of 16 cosmic ray events with a mean energy of 1.5 × 10¹⁹ eV via radio pulses originating from the interaction of the cosmic ray air shower with the Antarctic geomagnetic field, a process known as geosynchrotron emission. We present measurements in the 300-900 MHz range, which are the first self-triggered, first ultrawide band, first far-field, and the highest energy sample of cosmic ray events collected with the radio technique. Their properties are inconsistent with current ground-based geosynchrotron models. The emission is 100% polarized in the plane perpendicular to the projected geomagnetic field. Fourteen events are seen to have a phase inversion due to reflection of the radio beam off the ice surface, and two additional events are seen directly from above the horizon. Based on a likelihood analysis, we estimate angular pointing precision of order 2° for the event arrival directions.
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36
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New limits on the ultrahigh energy cosmic neutrino flux from the ANITA experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:051103. [PMID: 19792479 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.051103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report initial results of the first flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA-1) 2006-2007 Long Duration Balloon flight, which searched for evidence of a diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos above energies of E(nu) approximately 3 x 10(18) eV. ANITA-1 flew for 35 days looking for radio impulses due to the Askaryan effect in neutrino-induced electromagnetic showers within the Antarctic ice sheets. We report here on our initial analysis, which was performed as a blind search of the data. No neutrino candidates are seen, with no detected physics background. We set model-independent limits based on this result. Upper limits derived from our analysis rule out the highest cosmogenic neutrino models. In a background horizontal-polarization channel, we also detect six events consistent with radio impulses from ultrahigh energy extensive air showers.
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37
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Search for proton decay via p-->e+pi0 and p-->micro+pi0 in a large water Cherenkov detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:141801. [PMID: 19392425 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.141801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have searched for proton decays via p-->e;{+}pi;{0} and p-->micro;{+}pi;{0} using data from a 91.7 kt.yr exposure of Super-Kamiokande-I and a 49.2 kt.yr exposure of Super-Kamiokande-II. No candidate events were observed with expected backgrounds induced by atmospheric neutrinos of 0.3 events for each decay mode. From these results, we set lower limits on the partial lifetime of 8.2 x 10;{33} and 6.6 x 10;{33} years at 90% confidence level for p-->e;{+}pi;{0} and p-->micro;{+}pi;{0} modes, respectively.
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38
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Precision measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters with KamLAND. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:221803. [PMID: 18643415 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.221803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The KamLAND experiment has determined a precise value for the neutrino oscillation parameter Deltam21(2) and stringent constraints on theta12. The exposure to nuclear reactor antineutrinos is increased almost fourfold over previous results to 2.44 x 10(32) proton yr due to longer livetime and an enlarged fiducial volume. An undistorted reactor nu[over]e energy spectrum is now rejected at >5sigma. Analysis of the reactor spectrum above the inverse beta decay energy threshold, and including geoneutrinos, gives a best fit at Deltam21(2)=7.58(-0.13)(+0.14)(stat) -0.15+0.15(syst) x 10(-5) eV2 and tan2theta12=0.56(-0.07)+0.10(stat) -0.06+0.10(syst). Local Deltachi2 minima at higher and lower Deltam21(2) are disfavored at >4sigma. Combining with solar neutrino data, we obtain Deltam21(2)=7.59(-0.21)+0.21 x 10(-5) eV2 and tan2theta12=0.47(-0.05)+0.06.
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39
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40
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Observations of the Askaryan effect in ice. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:171101. [PMID: 17995315 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.171101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Revised: 06/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report on observations of coherent, impulsive radio Cherenkov radiation from electromagnetic showers in solid ice. This is the first observation of the Askaryan effect in ice. As part of the complete validation process for the ANITA experiment, we performed an experiment at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in June 2006 using a 7.5 metric ton ice target. We measure for the first time the large-scale angular dependence of the radiation pattern, a major factor in determining the solid-angle acceptance of ultrahigh-energy neutrino detectors.
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41
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Measurement of atmospheric neutrino flux consistent with tau neutrino appearance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:171801. [PMID: 17155460 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.171801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A search for the appearance of tau neutrinos from nu(mu) <--> nu(tau) oscillations in the atmospheric neutrinos has been performed using 1489.2 days of atmospheric neutrino data from the Super-Kamiokande-I experiment. A best fit tau neutrino appearance signal of 138+/-48(stat)-32(+15)(syst) events is obtained with an expectation of 78+/-26(syst). The hypothesis of no tau neutrino appearance is disfavored by 2.4 sigma.
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42
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Improved search for nu(mu) --> nu(e) oscillation in a long-baseline accelerator experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:181801. [PMID: 16712358 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.181801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We performed an improved search for nu(mu) --> nu(e) oscillation with the KEK to Kamioka (K2K) long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment, using the full data sample of 9.2 x 10(19) protons on target. No evidence for a nu(e) appearance signal was found, and we set bounds on the nu(mu) --> nu(e) oscillation parameters. At Deltam(2)=2.8 x 10(-3) eV(2), the best-fit value of the K2Knu(mu) disappearance analysis, we set an upper limit of sin(2)2theta(mue) < 0.13 at a 90% confidence level.
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43
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Oncolytic replication-competent adenovirus suppresses tumor angiogenesis through preserved E1A region. Cancer Gene Ther 2006; 13:242-52. [PMID: 16179928 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An adenovirus (Adv) retaining normal E1A but lacking the 55 kDa E1B protein replicates preferentially in TP53-deficient cancer cells including pancreatic cancer cell lines, resulting in the oncolysis of the tumor. When tumor cells are exposed to hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) is stabilized and activated to promote the transcription of several genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but in the presence of E1A hypoxia-induced VEGF m-RNA synthesis is inhibited by E1A binding to p300. In this study, we demonstrated that the cancer cells infected with a mutant Adv in which the p300 binding site in E1A was partially deleted induced a higher expression level of VEGF as compared to those of Adv with normal E1A. An immunoprecipitation study for E1A confirmed that mutant E1A had a reduced binding capacity for p300. Although the expressions of HIF-1alpha m-RNA were almost the same in both cancer cells infected with the mutant Adv and those with the wild Adv, the amount of HIF-1alpha protein in cancer cells infected with the wild E1A Adv was lower than in those infected with the mutant E1A type Adv. In vivo, in contrast to the angiogenesis treated with mutant E1A, wild-E1A inhibited tumor angiogenesis significantly. These results suggested that E1A suppressed the production of VEGF and inhibited tumor angiogenesis by binding with p300, resulting in the inhibition of the HIF-1alpha-mediated transcription of genes through binding to HRE. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the effect of an oncolytic replication-competent Adv in inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.
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44
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Constraints on cosmic neutrino fluxes from the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:171101. [PMID: 16712284 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.171101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We report new limits on cosmic neutrino fluxes from the test flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) experiment, which completed an 18.4 day flight of a prototype long-duration balloon payload, called ANITA-lite, in early 2004. We search for impulsive events that could be associated with ultrahigh energy neutrino interactions in the ice and derive limits that constrain several models for ultrahigh energy neutrino fluxes and rule out the long-standing -burst model.
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45
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Search for the invisible decay of neutrons with KamLAND. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:101802. [PMID: 16605724 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.101802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector is used in a search for single neutron or two-neutron intranuclear disappearance that would produce holes in the -shell energy level of (12)C nuclei. Such holes could be created as a result of nucleon decay into invisible modes (inv), e.g., n--> 3v or nn--> 2v. The deexcitation of the corresponding daughter nucleus results in a sequence of space and time-correlated events observable in the liquid scintillator detector. We report on new limits for one- and two-neutron disappearance: tau(n--> inv) > 5.8 x 10(29) years and tau (nn--> inv) > 1.4 x 10(30) years at 90% C.L. These results represent an improvement of factors of approximately 3 and >10(4) and over previous experiments.
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46
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47
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Irradiated pancreatic cancer cells undergo both apoptosis and necrosis, and could be phagocytized by dendritic cells. Eur Surg Res 2006; 37:228-34. [PMID: 16260873 DOI: 10.1159/000087868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2004] [Accepted: 05/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of immature dendritic cells (DC) with irradiated pancreatic cancer cells was examined. Flow cytometric analysis using annexin V and propidium iodide revealed that ionizing radiation (25-35 Gy X-ray) induced both apoptosis and necrosis in pancreatic cancer cell lines. After irradiation, PK-1 and Panc-1 cells were likely to undergo necrosis, whereas MIAPaCa-2 cells underwent apoptosis. When DiO-stained immature DCs were co-incubated with DiI-stained irradiated MIAPaCa-2, it was observed under fluorescent microscopy that DCs phagocytized dead tumor cells as early as 4 h after co-incubation. The DCs' phagocytosis of irradiated tumor cells was also confirmed by flow cytometry. These results suggest that irradiated pancreatic cancer cells, which undergo both apoptosis and necrosis, could be a good source of tumor-associated antigens for cross-presentation by DCs.
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48
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Search for coherent charged pion production in neutrino-carbon interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:252301. [PMID: 16384451 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.252301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the result from a search for charged-current coherent pion production induced by muon neutrinos with a mean energy of 1.3 GeV. The data are collected with a fully active scintillator detector in the K2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. No evidence for coherent pion production is observed, and an upper limit of is set on the cross section ratio of coherent pion production to the total charged-current interaction at 90% confidence level. This is the first experimental limit for coherent charged pion production in the energy region of a few GeV.
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49
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Experimental investigation of geologically produced antineutrinos with KamLAND. Nature 2005; 436:499-503. [PMID: 16049478 DOI: 10.1038/nature03980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2005] [Accepted: 07/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The detection of electron antineutrinos produced by natural radioactivity in the Earth could yield important geophysical information. The Kamioka liquid scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) has the sensitivity to detect electron antineutrinos produced by the decay of 238U and 232Th within the Earth. Earth composition models suggest that the radiogenic power from these isotope decays is 16 TW, approximately half of the total measured heat dissipation rate from the Earth. Here we present results from a search for geoneutrinos with KamLAND. Assuming a Th/U mass concentration ratio of 3.9, the 90 per cent confidence interval for the total number of geoneutrinos detected is 4.5 to 54.2. This result is consistent with the central value of 19 predicted by geophysical models. Although our present data have limited statistical power, they nevertheless provide by direct means an upper limit (60 TW) for the radiogenic power of U and Th in the Earth, a quantity that is currently poorly constrained.
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50
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Evidence for muon neutrino oscillation in an accelerator-based experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:081802. [PMID: 15783876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.081802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present results for nu(mu) oscillation in the KEK to Kamioka (K2K) long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. K2K uses an accelerator-produced nu(mu) beam with a mean energy of 1.3 GeV directed at the Super-Kamiokande detector. We observed the energy-dependent disappearance of nu(mu), which we presume have oscillated to nu(tau). The probability that we would observe these results if there is no neutrino oscillation is 0.0050% (4.0 sigma).
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