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Janssen R, Benito-Zarza L, Cleijpool P, Valverde MG, Mihăilă SM, Bastiaan-Net S, Garssen J, Willemsen LEM, Masereeuw R. Biofabrication Directions in Recapitulating the Immune System-on-a-Chip. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304569. [PMID: 38625078 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Ever since the implementation of microfluidics in the biomedical field, in vitro models have experienced unprecedented progress that has led to a new generation of highly complex miniaturized cell culture platforms, known as Organs-on-a-Chip (OoC). These devices aim to emulate biologically relevant environments, encompassing perfusion and other mechanical and/or biochemical stimuli, to recapitulate key physiological events. While OoCs excel in simulating diverse organ functions, the integration of the immune organs and immune cells, though recent and challenging, is pivotal for a more comprehensive representation of human physiology. This comprehensive review covers the state of the art in the intricate landscape of immune OoC models, shedding light on the pivotal role of biofabrication technologies in bridging the gap between conceptual design and physiological relevance. The multifaceted aspects of immune cell behavior, crosstalk, and immune responses that are aimed to be replicated within microfluidic environments, emphasizing the need for precise biomimicry are explored. Furthermore, the latest breakthroughs and challenges of biofabrication technologies in immune OoC platforms are described, guiding researchers toward a deeper understanding of immune physiology and the development of more accurate and human predictive models for a.o., immune-related disorders, immune development, immune programming, and immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robine Janssen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Benito-Zarza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Cleijpool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Marta G Valverde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia M Mihăilă
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Shanna Bastiaan-Net
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, 6708 WG, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
- Danone Global Research & Innovation Center, Danone Nutricia Research B.V., Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Linette E M Willemsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
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Faria J, Calcat-I-Cervera S, Skovronova R, Broeksma BC, Berends AJ, Zaal EA, Bussolati B, O'Brien T, Mihăilă SM, Masereeuw R. Mesenchymal stromal cells secretome restores bioenergetic and redox homeostasis in human proximal tubule cells after ischemic injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:353. [PMID: 38072933 PMCID: PMC10712181 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03563-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia/reperfusion injury is the leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). The current standard of care focuses on supporting kidney function, stating the need for more efficient and targeted therapies to enhance repair. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their secretome, either as conditioned medium (CM) or extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as promising options for regenerative therapy; however, their full potential in treating AKI remains unknown. METHODS In this study, we employed an in vitro model of chemically induced ischemia using antimycin A combined with 2-deoxy-D-glucose to induce ischemic injury in proximal tubule epithelial cells. Afterwards we evaluated the effects of MSC secretome, CM or EVs obtained from adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord, on ameliorating the detrimental effects of ischemia. To assess the damage and treatment outcomes, we analyzed cell morphology, mitochondrial health parameters (mitochondrial activity, ATP production, mass and membrane potential), and overall cell metabolism by metabolomics. RESULTS Our findings show that ischemic injury caused cytoskeletal changes confirmed by disruption of the F-actin network, energetic imbalance as revealed by a 50% decrease in the oxygen consumption rate, increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced cell metabolism. Upon treatment with MSC secretome, the morphological derangements were partly restored and ATP production increased by 40-50%, with umbilical cord-derived EVs being most effective. Furthermore, MSC treatment led to phenotype restoration as indicated by an increase in cell bioenergetics, including increased levels of glycolysis intermediates, as well as an accumulation of antioxidant metabolites. CONCLUSION Our in vitro model effectively replicated the in vivo-like morphological and molecular changes observed during ischemic injury. Additionally, treatment with MSC secretome ameliorated proximal tubule damage, highlighting its potential as a viable therapeutic option for targeting AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Faria
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Calcat-I-Cervera
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Renata Skovronova
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Alinda J Berends
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther A Zaal
- Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Silvia M Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Ahmed S, de Vries JC, Lu J, Stuart MHV, Mihăilă SM, Vernooij RWM, Masereeuw R, Gerritsen KGF. Animal Models for Studying Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Removal-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13197. [PMID: 37686004 PMCID: PMC10487432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its associated morbidity and mortality. The conventional dialysis techniques are unable to efficiently remove PBUTs due to their plasma protein binding. Therefore, novel approaches are being developed, but these require validation in animals before clinical trials can begin. We conducted a systematic review to document PBUT concentrations in various models and species. The search strategy returned 1163 results for which abstracts were screened, resulting in 65 full-text papers for data extraction (rats (n = 41), mice (n = 17), dogs (n = 3), cats (n = 4), goats (n = 1), and pigs (n = 1)). We performed descriptive and comparative analyses on indoxyl sulfate (IS) concentrations in rats and mice. The data on large animals and on other PBUTs were too heterogeneous for pooled analysis. Most rodent studies reported mean uremic concentrations of plasma IS close to or within the range of those during kidney failure in humans, with the highest in tubular injury models in rats. Compared to nephron loss models in rats, a greater rise in plasma IS compared to creatinine was found in tubular injury models, suggesting tubular secretion was more affected than glomerular filtration. In summary, tubular injury rat models may be most relevant for the in vivo validation of novel PBUT-lowering strategies for kidney failure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabbir Ahmed
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (J.L.); (S.M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Joost C. de Vries
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.C.d.V.); (M.H.V.S.); (R.W.M.V.)
| | - Jingyi Lu
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (J.L.); (S.M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Milan H. Verrijn Stuart
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.C.d.V.); (M.H.V.S.); (R.W.M.V.)
| | - Silvia M. Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (J.L.); (S.M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Robin W. M. Vernooij
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.C.d.V.); (M.H.V.S.); (R.W.M.V.)
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (J.L.); (S.M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Karin G. F. Gerritsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.C.d.V.); (M.H.V.S.); (R.W.M.V.)
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Faria J, Ahmed S, Stamatialis D, Verhaar MC, Masereeuw R, Gerritsen KGF, Mihăilă SM. Bioengineered Kidney Tubules Efficiently Clear Uremic Toxins in Experimental Dialysis Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12435. [PMID: 37569805 PMCID: PMC10419568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) suffer from high levels of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) that contribute to various comorbidities. Conventional dialysis methods are ineffective in removing these PBUTs. A potential solution could be offered by a bioartificial kidney (BAK) composed of porous membranes covered by proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs) that actively secrete PBUTs. However, BAK development is currently being hampered by a lack of knowledge regarding the cytocompatibility of the dialysis fluid (DF) that comes in contact with the PTECs. Here, we conducted a comprehensive functional assessment of the DF on human conditionally immortalized PTECs (ciPTECs) cultured as monolayers in well plates, on Transwell® inserts, or on hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) that form functional units of a BAK. We evaluated cell viability markers, monolayer integrity, and PBUT clearance. Our results show that exposure to DF did not affect ciPTECs' viability, membrane integrity, or function. Seven anionic PBUTs were efficiently cleared from the perfusion fluid containing a PBUTs cocktail or uremic plasma, an effect which was enhanced in the presence of albumin. Overall, our findings support that the DF is cytocompatible and does not compromise ciPTECs function, paving the way for further advancements in BAK development and its potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Faria
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.F.); (S.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Sabbir Ahmed
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.F.); (S.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- Advanced Organ Bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands;
| | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.C.V.); (K.G.F.G.)
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.F.); (S.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Karin G. F. Gerritsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.C.V.); (K.G.F.G.)
| | - Silvia M. Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.F.); (S.A.); (R.M.)
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Ramada DL, de Vries J, Vollenbroek J, Noor N, Ter Beek O, Mihăilă SM, Wieringa F, Masereeuw R, Gerritsen K, Stamatialis D. Portable, wearable and implantable artificial kidney systems: needs, opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023:10.1038/s41581-023-00726-9. [PMID: 37277461 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Haemodialysis is life sustaining but expensive, provides limited removal of uraemic solutes, is associated with poor patient quality of life and has a large carbon footprint. Innovative dialysis technologies such as portable, wearable and implantable artificial kidney systems are being developed with the aim of addressing these issues and improving patient care. An important challenge for these technologies is the need for continuous regeneration of a small volume of dialysate. Dialysate recycling systems based on sorbents have great potential for such regeneration. Novel dialysis membranes composed of polymeric or inorganic materials are being developed to improve the removal of a broad range of uraemic toxins, with low levels of membrane fouling compared with currently available synthetic membranes. To achieve more complete therapy and provide important biological functions, these novel membranes could be combined with bioartificial kidneys, which consist of artificial membranes combined with kidney cells. Implementation of these systems will require robust cell sourcing; cell culture facilities annexed to dialysis centres; large-scale, low-cost production; and quality control measures. These challenges are not trivial, and global initiatives involving all relevant stakeholders, including academics, industrialists, medical professionals and patients with kidney disease, are required to achieve important technological breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Loureiro Ramada
- Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Joost de Vries
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Vollenbroek
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- BIOS Lab on a Chip Group, MESA + Institute, University of Twente, Hallenweg 15, 7522, NH Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nazia Noor
- Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Odyl Ter Beek
- Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia M Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fokko Wieringa
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Autonomous Therapeutics, IMEC, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- European Kidney Health Alliance (EKHA), WG3 "Breakthrough Innovation", Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Gerritsen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Stamatialis
- Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
- European Kidney Health Alliance (EKHA), WG3 "Breakthrough Innovation", Brussels, Belgium.
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Lacueva-Aparicio A, Lindoso RS, Mihăilă SM, Giménez I. Role of extracellular matrix components and structure in new renal models in vitro. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1048738. [PMID: 36569770 PMCID: PMC9767975 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1048738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM), a complex set of fibrillar proteins and proteoglycans, supports the renal parenchyma and provides biomechanical and biochemical cues critical for spatial-temporal patterning of cell development and acquisition of specialized functions. As in vitro models progress towards biomimicry, more attention is paid to reproducing ECM-mediated stimuli. ECM's role in in vitro models of renal function and disease used to investigate kidney injury and regeneration is discussed. Availability, affordability, and lot-to-lot consistency are the main factors determining the selection of materials to recreate ECM in vitro. While simpler components can be synthesized in vitro, others must be isolated from animal or human tissues, either as single isolated components or as complex mixtures, such as Matrigel or decellularized formulations. Synthetic polymeric materials with dynamic and instructive capacities are also being explored for cell mechanical support to overcome the issues with natural products. ECM components can be used as simple 2D coatings or complex 3D scaffolds combining natural and synthetic materials. The goal is to recreate the biochemical signals provided by glycosaminoglycans and other signaling molecules, together with the stiffness, elasticity, segmentation, and dimensionality of the original kidney tissue, to support the specialized functions of glomerular, tubular, and vascular compartments. ECM mimicking also plays a central role in recent developments aiming to reproduce renal tissue in vitro or even in therapeutical strategies to regenerate renal function. Bioprinting of renal tubules, recellularization of kidney ECM scaffolds, and development of kidney organoids are examples. Future solutions will probably combine these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alodia Lacueva-Aparicio
- Renal and Cardiovascular Physiopathology (FISIOPREN), Aragon’s Health Sciences Institute, Zaragoza, Spain,Tissue Microenvironment Lab (TME Lab), I3A, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rafael Soares Lindoso
- Carlos Chagas Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvia M. Mihăilă
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Giménez
- Renal and Cardiovascular Physiopathology (FISIOPREN), Aragon’s Health Sciences Institute, Zaragoza, Spain,Institute for Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain,School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain,*Correspondence: Ignacio Giménez,
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7
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Genderen AMV, G Valverde M, Capendale PE, Kersten V, Sendino Garví E, Schuurmans CCL, Ruelas M, Soeiro JT, Tang G, Janssen MJ, Jansen J, Mihăilă SM, Vermonden T, Zhang YS, Masereeuw R. Co-axial Printing of Convoluted Proximal Tubule for Kidney Disease Modeling. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35700695 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac7895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increasing incidence of kidney-related diseases, we are still far from understanding the underlying mechanisms of these diseases and their progression. This lack of understanding is partly because of a poor replication of the diseases in vitro, limited to planar culture. Advancing towards three-dimensional models, hereby we propose coaxial printing to obtain microfibers containing a helical hollow microchannel. These recapitulate the architecture of the proximal tubule (PT), an important nephron segment often affected in kidney disorders. A stable gelatin/alginate-based ink was formulated to allow printability while maintaining structural properties. Fine tuning of the composition, printing temperature and extrusion rate allowed for optimal ink viscosity that led to coiling of the microfiber's inner channel. The printed microfibers exhibited prolonged structural stability (42 days) and cytocompatibility in culture. Healthy conditionally immortalized PT epithelial cells and a knockout cell model for cystinosis (CTNS-/-) were seeded to mimic two genotypes of PT. Upon culturing for 14 days, engineered PT showed homogenous cytoskeleton organization as indicated by staining for filamentous actin, barrier-formation and polarization with apical marker α-tubulin and basolateral marker Na+/K+-ATPase. Cell viability was slightly decreased upon prolonged culturing for 14 days, which was more pronounced inCTNS-/-microfibers. Finally, cystinosis cells showed reduced apical transport activity in the microfibers compared to healthy PT epithelial cells when looking at breast cancer resistance protein and multidrug resistance-associated protein 4. Engineered PT incorporated in a custom-designed microfluidic chip allowed to assess leak-tightness of the epithelium, which appeared less tight in cystinosis PT compared to healthy PT, in agreement with its in vivo phenotype. While we are still on the verge of patient-oriented medicine, this system holds great promise for further research in establishing advanced in vitro disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Metje van Genderen
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Marta G Valverde
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Pamela E Capendale
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Valerie Kersten
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Elena Sendino Garví
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Carl C L Schuurmans
- Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Marina Ruelas
- Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, UNITED STATES
| | - Joana T Soeiro
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Guosheng Tang
- Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, UNITED STATES
| | - Manoe J Janssen
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Pathology and Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, -, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, NETHERLANDS
| | - Silvia M Mihăilă
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiteit Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
| | - Y Shrike Zhang
- Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, UNITED STATES
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, NETHERLANDS
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Koch SE, Verhaegh FLP, Smink S, Mihăilă SM, Bouten C, Smits A. Donor Heterogeneity in the Human Macrophage Response to a Biomaterial under Hyperglycemia in vitro. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:440-456. [PMID: 35658619 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have a commanding role in scaffold-driven in situ tissue regeneration. Depending on their polarization state, macrophages mediate the formation and remodeling of new tissue by secreting growth factors and cytokines. Therefore, successful outcomes of material-driven in situ tissue vascular tissue engineering depends largely on the immuno-regenerative potential of the recipient. A large cohort of patients requiring vascular replacements suffers from systemic multifactorial diseases, like diabetes, which gives rise to a hyperglycemic and aggressive oxidative inflammatory environment that is hypothesized to hamper a well-balanced regenerative process. Here, we aimed to fundamentally explore the effects of hyperglycemia, as one of the hallmarks of diabetes, on the macrophage response to 3D electrospun synthetic biomaterials for in situ tissue engineering, in terms of inflammatory profile and tissue regenerative capacity. To simulate the early phases of the in situ regenerative cascade, we used a bottom-up in vitro approach. Primary human macrophages (n=8 donors) and (myo)fibroblasts in mono- or co-culture were seeded in 2D, as well as in a 3D electrospun resorbable polycaprolactone bisurea (PCL-BU) scaffold and exposed to normoglycemic (5.5 mM glucose), hyperglycemic (25 mM glucose) and osmotic control conditions (5.5 mM glucose, 19.5 mM mannitol). The results showed that macrophage polarization by biochemical stimuli was effective under all glycemic conditions and that the polarization states dictated expression of the receptors SCL2A1 (glucose transporter 1) and CD36 (fatty acid transporter). In 3D, the macrophage response to hyperglycemic conditions was strongly donor-dependent in terms of phenotype, cytokine secretion profile, and metabolic receptor expression. When co-cultured with (myo)fibroblasts, hyperglycemic conditions led to an increased expression of fibrogenic markers (ACTA2, COL1, COL3, IL-1β). Together, these findings show that the hyperglycemic and hyperosmotic conditions may indeed influence the process of macrophage-driven in situ tissue engineering, and that the extent of this is likely to be patient-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E Koch
- Eindhoven Univeristy of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, Netherlands;
| | - Franka L P Verhaegh
- Eindhoven Univeristy of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, Netherlands;
| | - Simone Smink
- Eindhoven Univeristy of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, Netherlands;
| | - Silvia M Mihăilă
- Utrecht University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 84898, Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands;
| | - Carlijn Bouten
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, P.O.Box 513, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 5600MB.,Netherlands;
| | - Anthal Smits
- Eindhoven Univeristy of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Den Dolech 2, Gemini-Zuid 3.116, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 5612AZ;
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