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Vivar R, Anfossi R, Humeres C, Catalán M, Reyes C, Cárdenas S, Contreras A, Aránguiz P, González F, Diaz-Araya G. FoxO1 is required for high glucose-dependent cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblast phenoconversion. Cell Signal 2021; 83:109978. [PMID: 33722671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the normal heart, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) maintain extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis, whereas in pathological conditions, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), CFs converse into cardiac myofibroblasts (CMFs) and this CFs phenoconversion increase the synthesis and secretion of ECM proteins, promoting cardiac fibrosis and heart dysfunction. High glucose (HG) conditions increase TGF-β1 expression and FoxO1 activity, whereas FoxO1 is crucial to CFs phenoconversion induced by TGF-β1. In addition, FoxO1 increases CTGF expression, whereas CTGF plays an active role in the fibrotic process induced by hyperglycemia. However, the role of FoxO1 and CTGF in CFs phenoconversion induced by HG is not clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of FoxO1 pharmacological inhibition on CFs phenoconversion in both in vitro and ex vivo models of DM. Our results demonstrate that HG induces CFs phenoconversion and FoxO1 activation. Moreover, AS1842856, a pharmacological inhibitor of FoxO1 activity, prevents CFs phenoconversion and CTGF expression increase induced by HG, whereas these results were corroborated by FoxO1 silencing. Additionally, K252a, a pharmacological blocker of CTGF receptor, prevents HG-induced CFs phenoconversion, which was corroborated with CTGF expression knockdown. Furthermore, through CFs isolation from heart of diabetic rats, we showed that hyperglycemia induces FoxO1 activation, the increase of CTGF expression and CFs phenoconversion, whereas the FoxO1 activity inhibition reverses the effects induced by hyperglycemia on CFs. Altogether, our results demonstrate that FoxO1 and CTGF are necessary for CFs phenoconversion induced by HG and suggest that both proteins are likely to become a potential targeted drug for fibrotic response induced by hyperglycemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Vivar
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Renatto Anfossi
- Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Humeres
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Mabel Catalán
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Christopher Reyes
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Simone Cárdenas
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alejandra Contreras
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Aránguiz
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, 2520000 Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Fabiola González
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Diaz-Araya
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.; Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Díaz-Liñán M, García-Valverde M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, López-Lorente A. Dual-template molecularly imprinted paper for the determination of drugs of abuse in saliva samples by direct infusion mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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García-Valverde M, Soriano M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S. Cotton fibers functionalized with β-cyclodextrins as selectivity enhancer for the direct infusion mass spectrometric determination of cocaine and methamphetamine in saliva samples. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1126:133-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Díaz-Liñán MC, García-Valverde MT, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, López-Lorente AI. Paper-based sorptive phases for microextraction and sensing. Anal Methods 2020; 12:3074-3091. [PMID: 32930167 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00702a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The simplification of the analytical procedures, including cost-effective materials and detectors, is a current research trend. In this context, paper has been identified as a useful material thanks to its low price and high availability in different compositions (office, filter, chromatographic). Its porosity, flexibility, and planar geometry permit the design of flow-through devices compatible with most instrumental techniques. This article provides a general overview of the potential of paper, as substrate, on the simplification of analytical chemistry methodologies. The design of paper-based sorptive phases is considered in-depth, and the different functionalization strategies are described. Considering our experience in sample preparation, special attention has been paid to the use of these phases under the classical microextraction-analysis workflow, which usually includes a chromatographic separation of the analytes before their determination. However, the interest of these materials extends beyond this field as they can be easily implemented into spectroscopic and electrochemical sensors. Finally, the direct analysis of paper substrates in mass spectrometry, in the so-called paper-spray technique is also discussed. This review is more focused on presenting ideas rather than the description of specific applications to draw a general picture of the potential of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Díaz-Liñán
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto, Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUNAN, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - M T García-Valverde
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto, Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUNAN, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - R Lucena
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto, Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUNAN, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - S Cárdenas
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto, Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUNAN, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - A I López-Lorente
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto, Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUNAN, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Yousef MS, López-Lorente AI, Diaz-Jimenez M, Consuegra C, Dorado J, Pereira B, Ortiz I, Cárdenas S, Hidalgo M. Nano-depletion of acrosome-damaged donkey sperm by using lectin peanut agglutinin (PNA)-magnetic nanoparticles. Theriogenology 2020; 151:103-111. [PMID: 32325322 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Lectin is considered as a suitable biomarker for nano-depletion of acrosome-damaged sperm. The aim of this study was to synthetize magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated by peanut (Arachis hypogaea) agglutinin lectin (PNA) and investigate its beneficial effect in improving of sperm characteristics. MNPs were obtained by co-precipitation method, functionalized with chitosan and coated by PNA at a concentration of 0.04 mg/mL. Semen was frozen either with glycerol-based or sucrose-based extenders. Frozen-thawed straws from five donkeys (three ejaculates per donkey) were incubated with lectin-MNPs (2 mg/mL), and then exposed to an external magnet enabling the non-bound sperm to be collected as nanopurified sperm. Sperm were evaluated post-thawing (control) and after nanopurification for motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, morphology, DNA fragmentation and concentration. The statistical analyses were extended to investigate the correlation between the initial quality of the frozen-thawed semen samples and the effect of nanopurification after thawing. The obtained MNPs were biocompatible to the sperm and significantly improved the progressive motility (P < 0.05) for the glycerol nanopurified group (43.08 ± 3.52%) in comparison to control (33.70 ± 2.64%). Acrosome-damaged sperm were reduced (P < 0.05) in both nanopurified groups (19.92 ± 2.69 for G and 21.57 ± 2.77 for S) in comparison to control (36.07 ± 3.82 for G and 35.35 ± 3.88 for S). There were no significant changes in sperm morphology and membrane integrity after nanopurification. The average sperm recovery after nanopurification was 80.1%. Sperm quality index was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in nanopurified groups regardless of the initial quality of the frozen thawed semen samples. However, in the high sperm quality group, nanopurification significantly improved the progressive motility and membrane integrity besides the increasing of acrosome-intact sperm. Sperm nanopurification using lectin-magnetic nanoparticles can be considered as a suitable method to reduce the proportion of acrosome-damaged sperm and to increase the quality of frozen thawed donkey semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Yousef
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14071, Spain; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - A I López-Lorente
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUNAN, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Diaz-Jimenez
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14071, Spain
| | - C Consuegra
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14071, Spain
| | - J Dorado
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14071, Spain
| | - B Pereira
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14071, Spain
| | - I Ortiz
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, United States
| | - S Cárdenas
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica IUNAN, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Hidalgo
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14071, Spain.
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Díaz-Liñán MC, García-Valverde MT, López-Lorente AI, Cárdenas S, Lucena R. Silver nanoflower-coated paper as dual substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and ambient pressure mass spectrometry analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3547-3557. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
Silica nanoparticle–nylon 6 composites are successfully synthesized following a simple and rapid procedure. After their characterization, the composites were evaluated as sorbents under a dispersive solid phase microextraction format.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Reyes-Gallardo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry
- Marie Curie Building
- University of Córdoba
- 14071 Córdoba
| | - R. Lucena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry
- Marie Curie Building
- University of Córdoba
- 14071 Córdoba
| | - S. Cárdenas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry
- Marie Curie Building
- University of Córdoba
- 14071 Córdoba
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García-Valverde M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. In-syringe dispersive micro-solid phase extraction using carbon fibres for the determination of chlorophenols in human urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1464:42-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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10
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Reyes-Gallardo EM, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of bisphenol A from milk using magnetic nylon 6 composite and its final determination by HPLC-UV. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Qiao Z, Perestrelo R, Reyes-Gallardo EM, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Rodrigues J, Câmara JS. Octadecyl functionalized core-shell magnetic silica nanoparticle as a powerful nanocomposite sorbent to extract urinary volatile organic metabolites. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1393:18-25. [PMID: 25818559 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this present study, magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalized with octadecyl groups (Fe3O4@SiO2-C18 NPs) were synthesized, characterized and employed, for the first time, as powerful nanosorbent to extract endogenous volatile organic metabolites (EVOMs) namely, hexanal, heptanal, decanal, benzaldehyde, 4-heptanone, 5-methyl-2-furfural and phenol, described as potential biomarkers of cancer, from human urine. By using co-precipitation, surface modification methods, the carbon-ferromagnetic nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized by infrared spectrum (IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By coupling with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-qMS), a reliable, sensitive and cost-effective method was validated. To test the extraction efficiency of the carbon-ferromagnetic nanocomposite toward urinary EVOMs experimental variables affecting the extraction performance, including nanosorbent amount, adsorption time, elution time, and nature of elution solvent, were investigated in detail. The extraction process was performed by dispersing Fe3O4@SiO2-C18 NPs into working solution containing targeted VOMs, and into urine samples, and then eluted with an adequate organic solvent. The eluate was collected, concentrated and analyzed by GC-qMS. Under the optimized conditions, the LODs and LOQs achieved were in the range of 9.7-57.3 and 32.4-190.9ng/mL, respectively. Calibration curves were linear (r(2)≥0. 988) over the concentration ranges from 0.25 to 250ng/mL. In addition, a satisfying reproducibility was achieved by evaluating the intra- and inter-day precisions with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 3 and 11%, respectively. The method also afforded satisfactory results in terms of the matrix effect (72.8-96.1%) and recoveries (accuracy) higher than 75.1% for most of the studied EVOMs. The Fe3O4@SiO2-C18 NPs-based sorbent extraction combined with GC-qMS revealed that the new nanosorbent had a strong ability to retain the target metabolites providing a new, reliable and high throughput strategy for isolation of targeted EVOMs in human urine, suggesting their potential to be applied in other EVOMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Qiao
- CQM, Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Rosa Perestrelo
- CQM, Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Emilia M Reyes-Gallardo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - R Lucena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - S Cárdenas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM, Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; Centro de Ciências Exatas e de Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - José S Câmara
- CQM, Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; Centro de Ciências Exatas e de Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
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Reyes-Gallardo EM, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Magnetic nanoparticles-nylon 6 composite for the dispersive micro solid phase extraction of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water samples. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1345:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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García-Valverde M, Lucena R, Galán-Cano F, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Carbon coated titanium dioxide nanotubes: Synthesis, characterization and potential application as sorbents in dispersive micro solid phase extraction. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1343:26-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Suárez MD, García Mesa S, Rincón Cervera MA, Guil Guerrero JL, González G, Cárdenas S, García Gallego M. Time course of muscle fatty acid composition of cultured meagre ( Argyrosomus regius) during the first sixteen months of a cage culture. Grasas y Aceites 2014. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.049813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Roldán-Pijuán M, Lucena R, Alcudia-León M, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Stir octadecyl-modified borosilicate disk for the liquid phase microextraction of triazine herbicides from environmental waters. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1307:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Alcudia-León M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Determination of parabens in waters by magnetically confined hydrophobic nanoparticle microextraction coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Alcudia-León MC, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Magnetically confined hydrophobic nanoparticles for the microextraction of endocrine-disrupting phenols from environmental waters. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:2729-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6683-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Roldán-Pijuán M, Alcudia-León M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Stir frit microextraction: An approach for the determination of volatile compounds in water by headspace-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1251:10-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Riaño S, Alcudia-León MC, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urine by the combination of stir membrane liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction and liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:2583-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Alcudia-León M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Stir membrane liquid–liquid microextraction. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:869-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Lucena R, Simonet B, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Potential of nanoparticles in sample preparation. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:620-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Cruz-Vera M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Sorptive microextraction for liquid-chromatographic determination of drugs in urine. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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López-Feria S, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. One step carbon nanotubes-based solid-phase extraction for the gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric multiclass pesticide control in virgin olive oils. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:7346-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Revised: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Alcudia-León MC, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Stir Membrane Extraction: A Useful Approach for Liquid Sample Pretreatment. Anal Chem 2009; 81:8957-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9016192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Alcudia-León
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - R. Lucena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - S. Cárdenas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M. Valcárcel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Alcudia-León MC, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction for In-Sorbent Surface Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Detection. Anal Chem 2008; 81:1184-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ac801507n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Alcudia-León
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - R. Lucena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - S. Cárdenas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M. Valcárcel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Aguilera-Herrador E, Cárdenas S, Ruzsanyi V, Sielemann S, Valcárcel M. Evaluation of a new miniaturized ion mobility spectrometer and its coupling to fast gas chromatography multicapillary columns. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1214:143-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2008] [Revised: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Moliner-Martínez Y, Barrios M, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Comparative study of carbon nanotubes and C60 fullerenes as pseudostationary phases in electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1194:128-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Valcárcel M, Simonet BM, Cárdenas S. Analytical nanoscience and nanotechnology today and tomorrow. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:1881-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Revised: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Suárez B, Santos B, Simonet B, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Solid-phase extraction-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry for the determination of tetracyclines residues in surface water by using carbon nanotubes as sorbent material. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1175:127-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 10/07/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Moliner-Martínez Y, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Surfactant coated fullerenes C60 as pseudostationary phase in electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1167:210-6. [PMID: 17850802 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2007] [Revised: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, surfactant coated fullerenes C(60) (SC-C(60)) have been proposed as a novedous pseudostationary phase to improve separation of different aromatic compounds. The target analytes were beta-lactams antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and amphenicols. In all cases, the analytes interacted with the pseudostationary phase producing an important enhancement on resolution. The results were compared with those obtained with surfactant coated carbon nanotubes (single-walled and multi-walled nanotubes), showing that in the proposed conditions, fullerenes C(60) were advantageous as interactions between the analytes and the pseudostationary phase were more effective. Finally, the procedure was applied to pharmaceuticals and urine samples, with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Moliner-Martínez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
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33
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Suárez B, Simonet BM, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urine by combining an immobilized carboxylated carbon nanotubes minicolumn for solid-phase extraction with capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1159:203-7. [PMID: 17300791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2006] [Revised: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Last years, the usefulness of the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as sorbent material have been demonstrated for a wide variety of compounds. In this work, it has been demonstrated for first time that immobilized carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (c-SWNTs) offer clear advantages over the use of CNTs. The higher adsorption capacity has been attributed to the special orientation of c-SWNTs molecules on the glass surface. The potential of this new sorbent was evaluated for the preconcentration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from urine samples. Purified samples were analysed by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry detection allowing the determination of 1.6 to 2.6 microg/L of NSAIDs with only 5 mL of sample. The precision of the method for the determination of real spiked urine samples ranged from 5.4 to 7.4% and the recoveries from 98.6 to 102.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Suárez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain
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34
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Valcárcel M, Cárdenas S, Simonet BM, Carrillo-Carrión C. Principles of qualitative analysis in the chromatographic context. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1158:234-40. [PMID: 17395192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Revised: 03/07/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This article presents the state of the art of qualitative analysis in the framework of the chromatographic analysis. After establishing the differences between two main classes of qualitative analysis (analyte identification and sample classification/qualification) the particularities of instrumental qualitative analysis are commented on. Qualitative chromatographic analysis for sample classification/qualification through the so-called chromatographic fingerprint (for complex samples) or the volatiles profile (through the direct coupling headspace-mass spectrometry using the chromatograph as interface) is discussed. Next, more technical exposition of the qualitative chromatographic information is presented supported by a variety of representative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valcárcel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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35
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Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Evaporative light scattering detection: trends in its analytical uses. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:1663-72. [PMID: 17572888 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2007] [Revised: 04/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) is widely recognized as a universal tool for liquid and supercritical chromatographies. In addition, this detection technique is fully compatible with continuous-flow systems. In fact, the combination of continuous non-chromatographic techniques and ELSD affords the design of simple, reliable systems for extracting qualitative information. This paper reviews instrumental innovations regarding the miniaturization of evaporative light scattering detectors and their uses in micro and capillary liquid chromatography; also, it discusses their increasingly important role in the development of vanguard configurations for sample screening and the determination of total indices without the need for chromatographic separation. Moreover, it compares them with other types of chromatographic detectors in terms of performance. Finally, the potential of ELSD for solving real-life analytical problems arising from the need to meet (bio)chemical information needs is illustrated with various selected applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lucena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain
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36
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Abstract
Analytical science has gone through several turning points, one of the most decisive of which was signaled by the development and massive use of instruments for analytical purposes. One other pivotal turning point was the inception of computer science, which not only enabled the automatic control of analytical systems but also facilitated the acquisition of vast amounts of data and their processing with the aid of chemometrics. Following the growing significance of automation and miniaturization in recent times, the early 21st century is witnessing the rise of nanotechnology as a new, increasingly important, revolutionary trend in science in general and analytical science in particular. The ability to exploit molecular interactions between analytes and nanoparticles has opened up new, challenging prospects in this area. Good proof of the interest aroused by nanoparticles is the large number of papers on their use in quantum dots, fullerene, aurum nanoparticles, or carbon nanotubes published in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valcárcel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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37
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López-Feria S, Cárdenas S, García-Mesa JA, Fernández-Hernández A, Valcárcel M. Quantification of the intensity of virgin olive oil sensory attributes by direct coupling headspace-mass spectrometry and multivariate calibration techniques. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1147:144-52. [PMID: 17376461 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2006] [Revised: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main sensory defects of virgin olive oils (rancid, vinegary, winey, muddy sediment, musty and vegetable water) and one positive attribute (fruity) characteristic of three monovarietal extra virgin olive oils (Arbequina, Picual and Frantoio) have been quantified using the direct coupling headspace-mass spectrometry. The results obtained were compared with those provided by the panel test for the same samples. Taking into account that no chromatographic separation exists, multivariate calibration techniques (partial least squares, PLS, and principal components regression, PCR) were used to create the appropriate models. The best results, in terms of standard error of prediction and prediction residual error sum of squares were obtained by PLS and therefore it was used for the prediction of a new set of samples with the above-mentioned positive and negative attributes at different concentration levels. The samples were also assessed by the panel test and good correlations were obtained in all cases. In order to extend the applicability of the model with the time, a multiplicative calibration transfer was used. The benefit of this approach was found to be more marked for the negative than the positive attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S López-Feria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building (Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071, Spain
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Carrillo-Carrión C, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Vanguard/rearguard strategy for the evaluation of the degradation of yoghurt samples based on the direct analysis of the volatiles profile through headspace-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1141:98-105. [PMID: 17188700 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Revised: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 11/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A vanguard/rearguard analytical strategy for the monitoring of the degradation of yoghurt samples is proposed. The method is based on the headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS) instrumental coupling. In this combination, the chromatographic column is firstly used as an interface between the HS and the MS (vanguard mode) avoiding separation of the volatile components by maintaining the chromatographic oven at high, constant temperature. By changing the thermal conditions of the oven, the aldehydes can be properly separated for individual identification/quantification (rearguard mode). In the vanguard method, the quantification of the volatile aldehydes was calculated through partial least square and given as a total index. The rearguard method permits the detection of the aldehydes at concentrations between 12 and 35 ng/g. Both methods were applied to the study of the environmental factors favouring the presence of the volatile aldehydes (C(5)-C(9)) in the yoghurt samples. Principal component analysis of the total concentration of aldehydes with the time (from 0 to 30 days) demonstrates the capability of the HS-MS coupling for the estimation of the quality losses of the samples. The results were corroborated by the HS-GC-MS which also indicates that pentanal was present in the yoghurt from the beginning of the study and the combination of light/oxygen was the most negative influence for sample conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Carrillo-Carrión
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Abstract
Identifying the key stakeholders (viz. R&D centers, routine laboratories, clients and producers of analytical tools) and their mutual relationships in Analytical Science, and pinpointing the objects through which knowledge and technology can be transferred among them, can help one recognize the weaknesses in the links connecting 'ivory towers' and industry with a view to developing ways to bridge the existing gap between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valcárcel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Aguilera E, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M, Trullols E, Ruisánchez I. Robustness in qualitative analysis: a practical approach. Trends Analyt Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2006.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valcárcel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
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42
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Otero R, Navío E, Céspedes FA, Núñez MJ, Lozano L, Moscoso ER, Matallana C, Arsuza NB, García J, Fernández D, Rodas JH, Rodríguez OJ, Zuleta JE, Gómez JP, Saldarriaga M, Quintana JC, Núñez V, Cárdenas S, Barona J, Valderrama R, Paz N, Díaz A, Rodríguez OL, Martínez MD, Maturana R, Beltrán LE, Mesa MB, Paniagua J, Flórez E, Lourenço WR. Scorpion envenoming in two regions of Colombia: clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic aspects. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2004; 98:742-50. [PMID: 15485705 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2003] [Revised: 12/22/2003] [Accepted: 12/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine clinical and epidemiological features of scorpion stings in two departments of Colombia, a descriptive study was performed in the hospitals of 10 towns from Antioquia (2 256 071 inhabitants) and five from Tolima (630 424 inhabitants). One hundred and twenty-nine cases were admitted during one year, 51 in Antioquia, 78 in Tolima and 41 were children less than 15 years old. Most stings (70.5%) occurred inside the house; 27.9% were on the hands and 26.4% on the feet. The scorpion species involved were Tityus pachyurus (51), Centruroides gracilis (31), T. fuehrmanni (29), T. asthenes (7) and Chactas spp. (1). In 10 cases the scorpion involved was not identified. Systemic envenoming signs (e.g. vomiting, tachypnea) were significantly more frequent in children than in adults (P < 0.05). Four children had hypertension, but none developed pulmonary oedema. One 3-year-old girl, stung by T. asthenes, had acute oedematous pancreatitis. Ninety-eight patients had mild envenoming. Moderate (27 patients) and severe (four patients) envenoming was significantly more frequent in children than in adults (P = 0.003; relative risk = 2.97). A pepsin-digested anti-Centruroides spp. antivenom was administered to 19 of 31 patients presenting systemic envenoming signs. No adverse reactions to antivenom were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Otero
- Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, A. A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
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Peña F, Cárdenas S, Gallego M, Valcárcel M. Combining headspace gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection for confirmation of hydrocarbon residues in virgin olive oil following automatic screening. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1052:137-43. [PMID: 15527130 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydrocarbon residues can be present in virgin olive oils either naturally or as contaminants. Presence of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene isomers and styrene (BTEXS) in virgin olive oil, demanded the establishment of a cut-off level to discriminate oil samples containing these residues at normal levels from those at high levels caused by contamination. By introducing volatile components present in the headspace (HS) of the oil samples (without prior chromatographic separation) into the ionization source of a mass spectrometer, samples were classified as containing normal or high levels of BTEXS (recommendable or non-recommendable forhuman consumption). Confirmation and quantification of contaminated virgin olive oils were achieved by combining HS sampling with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). No sample pretreatment was necessary for the chromatographic method, but the addition of 600 microl of ethyl acetate as chemical modifier for 10 ml of virgin olive oil. Detection limits ranged between 3 and 9 ng/ml. Oil analysis showed the presence of toluene in all samples, as well as the absence of benzene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Peña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Spain
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Criado A, Cárdenas S, Gallego M, Valcárcel M. Direct automatic screening of soils for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons based on microwave-assisted extraction/fluorescence detection and on-line liquid chromatographic confirmation. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1050:111-8. [PMID: 15508303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
An integrated screening-confirmation system for PAHs in soils is presented. The sample screening configuration comprises on-line microwave-assisted extraction of the selected pollutants, followed by continuous preconcentration and sample clean-up on RP-C18. Those samples for which the total concentration is close to or above the threshold limit established (10 microg/g) are subjected to liquid chromatographic separation for confirmation. An evaluation of the qualitative data obtained was also carried out, by calculating the unreliability zone as well as the false positive and false negative rates. The whole method (extraction/determination/confirmation) was validated using industrial soil and harbour sediment certified reference materials (IRMM, European Commission CRM 524 and CRM 535). Application to the screening of solid environmental samples with subsequent confirmation of the results is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Criado
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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45
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Garrido-Ramos MA, Jamilena M, Lozano R, Cárdenas S, Rejón CR, Rejón MR. Phylogenetic Relationships of the Sparidae Family (Pisces, Perciformes) Inferred from Satellite-DNA. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1995.00001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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46
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Sarasquete C, Cárdenas S, de González CML, Pascual E. Oogenesis in the bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus L.: a histological and histochemical study. Histol Histopathol 2003; 17:775-88. [PMID: 12168787 DOI: 10.14670/hh-17.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Histology and histochemistry are useful tools to study reproductive mechanisms in fish and they have been applied in this study. In the bluefin tuna, Thunnus thymus L., oocyte development can be divided into 4 principal phases based on the morphological features of developing oocytes and follicles. The primary growth phase includes oogonia and basophilic or previtellogenic oocytes classified as chromatin-nucleolus and perinucleolus stages. The secondary growth phase is represented by vitellogenic oocytes at early (lipid globule and yolk granule 1), mid (yolk granule 2) and late (yolk granule 3) vitellogenesis stages. The maturation phase involves postvitellogenic oocytes undergoing maturation process. During the spawning period, both postovulatory follicles, which indicate spawning, and atretic follicles can be distinguished in the ovary. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and specially those rich in tyrosine, tryptophan, cystine, arginine, lysine and cysteine, as well phospholipids and/or glycolipids and neutral glycoproteins were detected in yolk granules. Moreover, affinity for different lectins (ConA, WGA, DBA and UEA) was detected in vitellogenic oocytes (yolk granules, cortical alveoli, follicular layer and zona radiata), indicating the presence of glycoconjugates with different sugar residues (Mannose- Man- and/or Glucose -Glc-; N-acetyl-D-glucosamine- GlcNAc- and/or sialic acid- NANA-; N-acetyl-D-galactosamine- GalNAc-; L-Fucose -Fuc-). Histochemical techniques also demonstrated the presence of neutral lipids in globules (vacuoles in paraffin sections) and neutral and carboxylated mucosubstances in cortical alveoli. By using anti-vitellogenin (VTG) serum, immunohistochemical positive results were demonstrated in yolk granules, granular cytoplasm and follicular cells of vitellogenic oocytes. Calcium was also detected in yolk granules and weakly in follicular envelope. In females, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) increased progressively from May, during early vitellogenesis, until June during mid and late vitellogenesis, where the highest values were reached. Subsequently, throughout the maturation-spawning phases (July), GSI decreased progressively reaching the minimal values during recovering-resting period (October).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sarasquete
- Institute of Marine Science of Andalucía, CSIC, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Peña
- ; Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Córdoba; Campus de Rabanales E-14071 Córdoba Spain
| | - S. Cárdenas
- ; Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Córdoba; Campus de Rabanales E-14071 Córdoba Spain
| | - M. Gallego
- ; Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Córdoba; Campus de Rabanales E-14071 Córdoba Spain
| | - M. Valcárcel
- ; Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Córdoba; Campus de Rabanales E-14071 Córdoba Spain
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Abstract
Morphological studies of granular neurons of the hippocampus have shown that adrenalectomy (ADX) induces the cell death of granular neurons, an effect prevented by corticosterone replacement. We addressed the hypothesis that corticosterone regulates the expression of the apoptotic bcl-2 gene family. Five days after adrenalectomy, we observed morphological changes related to hippocampal granule cell apoptosis that was accompanied by terminal dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL) labeling in nuclei located in the hilus region. Corticosterone replacement prevented the cell death induced by ADX. Using RT-PCR we found a reduction in mRNA levels of the antiapoptotic gene bcl-2 in whole hippocampus, an effect which was prevented by corticosterone administration to ADX rats. However, Bcl-2 protein levels were not altered by this treatment. We did not observe modifications in the level of bcl-X(L) mRNA however, we did find a 40% reduction in Bcl-X(L) protein levels, an effect not reversed by corticosterone. In contrast, we found a reduction in the mRNA of the antiapoptotic gene bax and Bax levels after ADX; both effects were prevented by corticosterone. The reduction in proapoptotic bax and in antiapoptotic bcl-2 mRNA levels in the whole hippocampus, suggests that local variations in these molecules could account for both neuronal viability of the CA1-CA3 and granular cell death detected by morphological means and observed after ADX.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Greiner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago
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Columé A, Cárdenas S, Gallego M, Valcárcel M. Semiautomatic multiresidue gas chromatographic method for the screening of vegetables for 25 organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)00901-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
The screening of agricultural samples to determine 17 synthetic pyrethroids was investigated. Samples were lyophilised without losses of the insecticides, and then extracted with n-hexane. A simple, continuous preconcentration-elution system was developed, which included a silica sorbent column (packed with 50 mg) and used an air stream to carry the eluent (ethyl acetate) which minimised the eluate volume thus increasing the preconcentration factor; so no evaporation step was required. Pyrethroids were determined by gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) by using a 5% phenylmethylpolysiloxane-coated fused-silica capillary column; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the pyrethroids detected by GC-ECD monitoring. Limits of detection varied between 0.1 and 0.8 ng/ml (except for piperonyl butoxide, 25 ng/ml) with linear ranges from 1 to 200 ng/ml; the precision of the method was high (3-6%). Recoveries of 17 insecticides from 14 different agricultural samples fortified at levels of 20-100 ng/g ranged from 66 to 102% (bifenthrin and deltamethrin were those providing the lowest values, 66-87%). Pyrethroids were detected in eight samples (from the 100 unfortified agricultural samples tested) at concentrations lower than the established maximum residue limits (MRLs).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Columé
- Analytical Chemistry Division, University of Córdoba, Spain
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