Design and synthesis of spirooxindole–pyrrolidines embedded with indole and pyridine heterocycles by multicomponent reaction: anticancer and in silico studies

We report the synthesis of spirooxindole–pyrrolidines tethered with indole and pyridine heterocycles using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, and their anticancer activities and molecular docking studies.

Rh(iii)-Catalysed synthesis of cinnolinium and fluoranthenium salts using C-H activation/annulation reactions: organelle specific mitochondrial staining applications

The construction of a novel class of indazolo[2,1-a]cinnolin-7-ium and diazabenzofluoranthenium salts was developed by using Rh(iii)-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation reactions with 2-phenyl-2H-indazole, and internal alkynes, which resulted in structurally important polycyclic heteroaromatic compounds (PHAs). This reaction uses mild reaction conditions and has a high efficiency, low catalyst loading, and wide substrate scope. The overall catalytic process involves C-H activation followed by C-C/C-N bond formation. Furthermore, the synthesised cinnolinium/fluoranthenium salts exhibit potential fluorescence properties and 5i was targeted in particular for specific mitochondrial staining in order to investigate cancer cell lines.

Harnessing hypervalent iodonium ylides as carbene precursors: C–H activation of N-methoxybenzamides with a Rh(iii)-catalyst

The first ever attempt at reacting hypervalent iodonium ylides with readily available N-methoxybenzamides by using a Rh(iii)-catalyst has been well explored.

A simple D–π–A system of phenanthroimidazole-π-fluorenone for highly efficient non-doped bipolar AIE luminogens: synthesis, and molecular optical, thermal and electrochemical properties

We report the synthesis of phenanthroimidazole based dyes incorporating fluorenone using Suzuki coupling and their aggregation induced emission characterisation.

Crystal structures of two new isocoumarin derivatives: 8-amino-6-methyl-3,4-diphenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one and 8-amino-3,4-diethyl-6-methyl-1H-isochromen-1-one

The crystal structures of two new isocoumarin derivatives, 8-amino-6-methyl-3,4-diphenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one and 8-amino-3,4-diethyl-6-methyl-1H-isochromen-1-one, are described. The inter­molecular contacts in the crystals were analysed using Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots.

The title compounds, 8-amino-6-methyl-3,4-diphenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one, C₂₂H₁₇NO₂, (I), and 8-amino-3,4-diethyl-6-methyl-1H-isochromen-1-one, C₁₄H₁₇NO₂, (II), are new isocoumarin derivatives in which the isochromene ring systems are planar. Compound II crystallizes with two independent mol­ecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. In I, the two phenyl rings are inclined to each other by 56.41 (7)° and to the mean plane of the 1H-isochromene ring system by 67.64 (6) and 44.92 (6)°. In both compounds, there is an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond present forming an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal of I, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯π inter­actions, forming chains along the b-axis direction. A C—H⋯π inter­action links the chains to form layers parallel to (100). The layers are then linked by a second C—H⋯π inter­action, forming a three-dimensional structure. In the crystal of II, the two independent mol­ecules (A and B) are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming –A–B–A–B– chains along the [101] direction. The chains are linked into ribbons by C—H⋯π inter­actions involving inversion-related A mol­ecules. The latter are linked by offset π–π inter­actions [inter­centroid distances vary from 3.506 (1) to 3.870 (2) Å], forming a three-dimensional structure.

Rhodium(iii)-catalysed decarbonylative annulation through C–H activation: expedient access to aminoisocoumarins by weak coordination

Rh-Catalysed decarbonylative annulation of isatoic anhydrides with alkynes through C–H activation for the direct synthesis of 8-aminoisocoumarins has been developed.

Ru(II)-Catalyzed Regiospecific C-H/O-H Oxidative Annulation to Access Isochromeno[8,1-ab]phenazines: Far-Red Fluorescence and Live Cancer Cell Imaging

A facile ruthenium(II)-catalyzed regiospecific C-H/O-H oxidative annulation methodology was developed to construct isochromeno[8,1-ab]phenazines. This methodology delivers various advantages, such as scope for diverse substrates, tolerance to a range of functional groups, stability under air, and yields regioselective products. This methodology was successfully applied to synthesize far red (FR) fluorescent probes for live cancer cell imaging. The synthesized compounds displayed notable fluorescence properties in solution and thin-film. Their application in live cancer cell imaging was investigated using various cancer cell lines. The synthesized compound showed prominent FR fluorescence, with high quantum yield, and exhibited better cell-imaging properties, with excellent biocompatibility.

3-Methyl-5,6-diphenyl-1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]cinnolin-1-one

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C24H18N2O, comprises two crystallographically independent molecules (AandB), with slightly different conformations. In each molecule, there is an intramolecular C—H...O hydrogen bond forming anS(6) ring motif. The pyridazine rings of the pyrazolo[1,2-a]cinnoline units have screw-boat conformations. Their mean planes are inclined to the phenyl rings by 83.81 (8) and 74.19 (8)° in moleculeA, and 89.72 (8) and 71.07 (8)° in moleculeB. In the crystal, theAandBmolecules are linked by a pair of C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming an A–B dimer with anR22(14) ring motif. These dimers are linked by further C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming ribbons propagating along theb-axis direction. The ribbons are linked by a number of C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional structure.

8-Hydroxy-3,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-isochromen-1-one

In the title compound, C23H18O5, the two methoxy-substituted benzene rings are inclined to one another by 67.0 (2)° and to the mean plane of the 1H-isochromene ring system by 67.21 (16) and 27.61 (17)°. There is an intramolecular C—H...π interaction present involving the two 4-methoxyphenyl rings. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating along the [301] direction. The chains are linked by a number of C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional structure.

2-(5-Bromothiophen-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole

In the title molecule, C25H15BrN2S, the phenanthrene system is slightly skewed, with a dihedral angle of 8.94 (16)° between the outer benzene rings. The imidazole ring makes dihedral angles of 15.18 (16), 2.94 (15) and 88.46 (16)°, respectively, with the thiophene ring, the central benzene ring of the phenanthrene unit and the phenyl ring attached to the latter unit. In the molecule, there are two C—H...π interactions present involving the phenyl ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H...N and C—H...Br hydrogen bonds, forming zigzag chains along theaaxis. The chains are linked by C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional supramolecular structure.

Synthesis of cinnolines via Rh(iii)-catalysed dehydrogenative C–H/N–H functionalization: aggregation induced emission and cell imaging

Rh(iii) catalysed C–H/N–H functionalization was developed to construct cinnolines. These compounds exhibit prominent fluorescence properties and successfully applied in the cancer cell imaging.