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Gamage CDB, Kim JH, Zhou R, Park SY, Pulat S, Varlı M, Nam SJ, Kim H. Plectalibertellenone A suppresses colorectal cancer cell motility and glucose metabolism by targeting TGF-β/Smad and Wnt pathways. Biofactors 2025; 51:e2120. [PMID: 39291722 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death and represents a serious worldwide health problem. CRC metastasis decreases the survival rate of cancer patients, underscoring the need to identify novel anticancer agents and therapeutic targets. Here, we introduce Plectalibertellenone A (B) as a promising agent for the inhibition of CRC cell motility and glucose metabolism and explore its mechanism of action in CRC cells. Plectalibertellenone A suppressed TGF-β gene expression and the activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, leading to reverse epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) by modulating the expressions of EMT markers and transcriptional factors such as E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, Slug, Snail, Twist, and ZEB1/2. Furthermore, disruption of Wnt signaling inhibited CRC motility and glucose metabolism including glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, primarily affecting glycolytic enzymes, GLUT1, HK2, PKM2, LDHA, and HIF-1α under hypoxic condition. Therefore, Plectalibertellenone A is a potential drug candidate that can be developed into a promising anticancer treatment to prevent CRC metastasis and inhibit glucose metabolism.
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Lee S, Choi JH, Park SY, Kim J. Gastric Organoid, a Promising Modeling for Gastric Stem Cell Homeostasis and Therapeutic Application. Int J Stem Cells 2024; 17:337-346. [PMID: 38698632 PMCID: PMC11612215 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc23075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The elucidation of the pathophysiology underlying various diseases necessitates the development of research platforms that faithfully mimic in vivo conditions. Traditional model systems such as two-dimensional cell cultures and animal models have proven inadequate in capturing the complexities of human disease modeling. However, recent strides in organoid culture systems have opened up new avenues for comprehending gastric stem cell homeostasis and associated diseases, notably gastric cancer. Given the significance of gastric cancer, a thorough understanding of its pathophysiology and molecular underpinnings is imperative. To this end, the utilization of patient-derived organoid libraries emerges as a remarkable platform, as it faithfully mirrors patient-specific characteristics, including mutation profiles and drug sensitivities. Furthermore, genetic manipulation of gastric organoids facilitates the exploration of molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer development. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in various adult stem cell-derived gastric organoid models and their diverse applications.
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Jin H, Park SY, Lee JE, Park H, Jeong M, Lee H, Cho J, Lee YS. GTSE1-driven ZEB1 stabilization promotes pulmonary fibrosis through the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mol Ther 2024; 32:4138-4157. [PMID: 39342428 PMCID: PMC11573610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
G2 and S phase-expressed protein 1 (GTSE1) has been implicated in the development of pulmonary fibrosis (PF); however, its biological function, molecular mechanism, and potential clinical implications remain unknown. Here, we explored the genomic data of patients with idiopathic PF (IPF) and found that GTSE1 expression is elevated in their lung tissues, but rarely expressed in normal lung tissues. Thus, we explored the biological role and downstream events of GTSE1 using IPF patient tissues and PF mouse models. The comprehensive bioinformatics analyses suggested that the increase of GTSE1 in IPF is linked to the enhanced gene signature for the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), leading us to investigate the potential interaction between GTSE1 and EMT transcription factors. GTSE1 preferentially binds to the less stable form of zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), the unphosphorylated form at Ser585, inhibiting ZEB1 degradation. Consistently, the ZEB1 protein level in IPF patient and PF mouse tissues correlates with the GTSE1 protein level and the amount of collagen accumulation, representing fibrosis severity. Collectively, our findings highlight the GTSE1-ZEB1 axis as a novel driver of the pathological EMT characteristic during PF development and progression, supporting further investigation into GTSE1-targeting approaches for PF treatment.
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Lee R, Park SY, Park JY, Kim B, Kim YC, Ga H, Lee MJ, Park HW, Yun IJ, Heo SJ, Moon SM, Kim HB. Evaluating antimicrobial utilization in 20 Korean long-term care hospitals: a call to action for antimicrobial stewardship. J Hosp Infect 2024; 153:65-72. [PMID: 39181451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of hospital-specific antimicrobial use is necessary for successful national antimicrobial stewardship. This study aimed to identify antimicrobial use in long-term care hospitals (LCHs) in Korea. METHODS A multi-centre retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the prescription patterns and appropriateness of antimicrobials in 20 LCHs in Korea. The medical record data of hospitalized patients who were newly prescribed antimicrobials at each hospital were collected manually between 10th July and 31st October 2023 to evaluate the appropriateness of antimicrobial use. RESULTS The prevalence of antimicrobial prescriptions was 8.9% (365/4086) and 10.3% (402/3892) on 12th July 2023 and 18th October 2023, respectively. In total, 885 antimicrobials were prescribed to 740 patients. Among the antimicrobials, third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins (31.9%) represented the most prescribed antimicrobial class. A large majority of antimicrobials (96.6%, 855/885) were prescribed for the treatment of infectious diseases; however, only 37.7% (322/855) of antimicrobials were prescribed appropriately for infections. The route of administration, dosage and prescribed antimicrobial were appropriate in 99.6% (852/855), 56.1% (480/855) and 62.0% (530/855) of cases, respectively. In total, 35.2% (252/715) of patients were prescribed antimicrobials appropriately. The diagnosis of infectious disease was appropriate for 52.9% (472/892) of cases. Of the five, 15 and 10 antimicrobials used for surgical site infection prophylaxis, medical prophylaxis and other purposes, respectively, none were used appropriately. CONCLUSION The proportion of antimicrobials used appropriately is low in Korean LCHs. These data highlight the importance of establishing antimicrobial stewardship in LCHs.
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Park SY, Lee JK, Lee SH, Kim DS, Jung JW, Kim JH, Baek SW, You S, Hwang DY, Han DK. Multifunctional vitamin D-incorporated PLGA scaffold with BMP/VEGF-overexpressed tonsil-derived MSC via CRISPR/Cas9 for bone tissue regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2024; 28:101254. [PMID: 39328787 PMCID: PMC11426062 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Guiding endogenous regeneration of bone defects using biomaterials and regenerative medicine is considered an optimal strategy. One of the effective therapeutic approaches involves using transgene-expressed stem cells to treat tissue destruction and replace damaged parts. Among the various gene editing techniques for cells, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) is considered as a promising method owing to the increasing therapeutic potential of cells by targeting specific sites. Herein, a vitamin D-incorporated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-overexpressed tonsil-derived MSCs (ToMSCs) via CRISPR/Cas9 was introduced for bone tissue regeneration. The optimized seeding ratio of engineered ToMSCs on the scaffold demonstrated favorable immunomodulatory function, angiogenesis, and osteogenic activity in vitro. The multifunctional scaffold could potentially support stem cell in vivo and induce the transition from M1 to M2 macrophage with magnesium hydroxide and vitamin D. This study highlights the improved synergistic effect of a vitamin D-incorporated PLGA scaffold and a gene-edited ToMSCs for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Kang KY, Park SY, Chung TH. Long-term association between physical activity and global functioning in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: results of a two-year prospective study. Scand J Rheumatol 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39045679 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2024.2376810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the longitudinal association between physical activity and global functioning in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), and to identify the subtype of physical activity that is longitudinally related to global functioning. METHOD Physical activity was measured using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Global functioning was assessed using the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society Health Index (ASAS HI). The amount and subtype (work, transport, and recreation) of physical activity, disease activity, and ASAS HI were assessed at baseline, and at 1 and 2 year follow-up. Physical activity levels were categorized as low, moderate, or high. The longitudinal association between physical activity and ASAS HI scores was analysed using a generalized estimating equation. RESULTS The study evaluated 160 patients. Univariate analysis identified physical activity at moderate level and higher, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), and syndesmophyte number as being longitudinally associated with ASAS HI over 2 years. Multivariate analysis identified physical activity at moderate level and higher as being longitudinally associated with ASAS HI. Physical activity above moderate levels was associated independently with good global functioning. In the analysis stratified by radiographic axSpA and non-radiographic axSpA, a positive association between physical activity and global functioning was observed in both groups. Only recreational activity, but not work- and transport-related activity, showed an independent longitudinal relationship with the ASAS HI score. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity at moderate level and higher was associated independently with global functioning in axSpA. Therefore, patients should maintain physical activity above moderate levels to preserve global function.
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Wu SHS, Kim S, Lee H, Lee JH, Park SY, Bakonyi R, Teriyapirom I, Hallay N, Pilat-Carotta S, Theussl HC, Kim J, Lee JH, Simons BD, Kim JK, Colozza G, Koo BK. Red2Flpe-SCON: a versatile, multicolor strategy for generating mosaic conditional knockout mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4963. [PMID: 38862535 PMCID: PMC11166929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Image-based lineage tracing enables tissue turnover kinetics and lineage potentials of different adult cell populations to be investigated. Previously, we reported a genetic mouse model system, Red2Onco, which ectopically expressed mutated oncogenes together with red fluorescent proteins (RFP). This system enabled the expansion kinetics and neighboring effects of oncogenic clones to be dissected. We now report Red2Flpe-SCON: a mosaic knockout system that uses multicolor reporters to label both mutant and wild-type cells. We develop the Red2Flpe mouse line for red clone-specific Flpe expression, as well as the FRT-based SCON (Short Conditional IntrON) method to facilitate tunable conditional mosaic knockouts in mice. We use the Red2Flpe-SCON method to study Sox2 mutant clonal analysis in the esophageal epithelium of adult mice which reveal that the stem cell gene, Sox2, is less essential for adult stem cell maintenance itself, but rather for stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Lee JK, Kim DS, Park SY, Jung JW, Baek SW, Lee S, Kim JH, Ahn TK, Han DK. Osteoporotic Bone Regeneration via Plenished Biomimetic PLGA Scaffold with Sequential Release System. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310734. [PMID: 38143290 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Achieving satisfactory bone tissue regeneration in osteoporotic patients with ordinary biomaterials is challenging because of the decreased bone mineral density and aberrant bone microenvironment. In addressing this issue, a biomimetic scaffold (PMEH/SP), incorporating 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR), and substance P (SP) into the poly(lactic-go-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold with magnesium hydroxide (M) and extracellular matrix (E) is introduced, enabling the consecutive release of bioactive agents. 4HR and SP induced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and ERK in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), thereby upregulating VEGF expression level. The migration and tube-forming ability of endothelial cells can be promoted by the scaffold, which accelerates the formation and maturation of the bone. Moreover, 4HR played a crucial role in the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by interrupting the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway and exhibiting SP, thereby enhancing the migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs. Based on such a synergistic effect, osteoporosis can be suppressed, and bone regeneration can be achieved by inhibiting the RANKL pathway in vitro and in vivo, which is a commonly known mechanism of bone physiology. Therefore, the study presents a promising approach for developing a multifunctional regenerative material for sophisticated osteoporotic bone regeneration.
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Varlı M, Bhosle SR, Kim E, Yang Y, Taş İ, Zhou R, Pulat S, Gamage CDB, Park SY, Ha HH, Kim H. Usnic Acid Targets 14-3-3 Proteins and Suppresses Cancer Progression by Blocking Substrate Interaction. JACS AU 2024; 4:1521-1537. [PMID: 38665668 PMCID: PMC11040559 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The anticancer therapeutic effects of usnic acid (UA), a lichen secondary metabolite, have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. However, the mechanism underlying the anticancer effect of UA remains to be clarified. In this study, the target protein of UA was identified using a UA-linker-Affi-Gel molecule, which showed that UA binds to the 14-3-3 protein. UA binds to 14-3-3, causing the degradation of proteasomal and autophagosomal proteins. The interaction of UA with 14-3-3 isoforms modulated cell invasion, cell cycle progression, aerobic glycolysis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and the Akt/mTOR, JNK, STAT3, NF-κB, and AP-1 signaling pathways in colorectal cancer. A peptide inhibitor of 14-3-3 blocked or regressed the activity of UA and inhibited its effects. The results suggest that UA binds to 14-3-3 isoforms and suppresses cancer progression by affecting 14-3-3 targets and phosphorylated proteins.
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Hernández Millares R, Bae C, Kim SJ, Kim T, Park SY, Lee K, Ye SJ. Clonogenic assay and computational modeling using real cell images to study physical enhancement and cellular sensitization induced by metal nanoparticles under MV and kV X-ray irradiation. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7110-7122. [PMID: 38501279 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06257k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This study was initiated due to the physically unexplainable tumor controls resulting from metal nanoparticle (MNP) experiments even under MV X-ray irradiation. A more accurate explanation of the mechanism of radiosensitization induced by MNP is warranted, considering both its physical dose enhancement and biological sensitization, as related research is lacking. Thus, we aimed to examine the intricate dynamics involved in MNP-induced radiosensitization. We conducted specifically designed clonogenic assays for the A549 lung cancer cell line with MNP irradiated by 6 MV and 300 kVp X-rays. Two types of MNP were employed: one based on iron oxide, promoting ferroptosis, and the other on gold nanoparticles known for inducing a significant dose enhancement, particularly at low-energy X-rays. We introduced the lethality enhancement factor (LEF) as the fraction in the cell killing attributed to biological sensitization. Subsequently, Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate the radial dose profiles for each MNP, corresponding to the physical enhancement. Finally, the local effect model was applied to the clonogenic assay results on real cell images. The LEF and the dose enhancement in the cytoplasm were incorporated to increase the accuracy in the average lethal events and, consequently, in the survival fraction. The results reveal an increased cell killing for both of the MNP under MV and kV X-ray irradiation. In both types of MNP, the LEF reveals a biological sensitization evident. The sensitizer enhancement ratio, derived from the calculations, exhibited only 3% and 1% relative differences compared to the conventional linear-quadratic model for gold and ferroptosis inducer nanoparticles, respectively. These findings indicate that MNPs sensitize cells via radiation through mechanisms akin to ferroptosis inducers, not exclusively relying on a physical dose enhancement. Their own contributions to survival fractions were successfully integrated into computational modeling.
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Lee JY, Park SY, Sohn SY. Increased risk of incident gout in patients with hyperthyroidism: a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:451-458. [PMID: 37594494 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that thyroid dysfunction is associated with increased serum uric acid levels; however, the relationship between hyperthyroidism and incidence of clinical manifestations of gout has not been fully investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to longitudinally investigate the risk of gout in patients with hyperthyroidism. This nationwide retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Claims Database. We included 76,494 patients with hyperthyroidism and 76,542 age- and sex-matched controls. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to adjust for potential confounders and estimate the risk of incident gout in patients with hyperthyroidism. During a mean follow-up of 9 years, incident gout developed in 3,655 (4.8%) patients with hyperthyroidism and 3251 (4.2%) controls. Hyperthyroidism was significantly associated with increased risk of incident gout [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.18], independent of baseline metabolic profiles. The median time from the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism to the development of gout was 6 years. When stratified by age and sex, the risk of gout was still significant in the < 50-year age group (HR: 1.2, 95% CI 1.12-1.29) and males (HR: 1.21, 95% CI 1.12-1.30), but not in the older age group (> 50 years) and females. Hyperthyroidism is an important risk factor for incident gout, particularly in younger age groups (< 50 years) and males. Our results highlight the importance of continuous screening for gout in patients with hyperthyroidism.
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Pulat S, Yang I, Lee J, Hwang S, Zhou R, Gamage CDB, Varlı M, Taş İ, Yang Y, Park SY, Hong A, Kim JH, Oh DC, Kim H, Nam SJ, Kang H. Anithiactin D, a Phenylthiazole Natural Product from Mudflat-Derived Streptomyces sp., Suppresses Motility of Cancer Cells. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:88. [PMID: 38393059 PMCID: PMC10889970 DOI: 10.3390/md22020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Anithiactin D (1), a 2-phenylthiazole class of natural products, was isolated from marine mudflat-derived actinomycetes Streptomyces sp. 10A085. The chemical structure of 1 was elucidated based on the interpretation of NMR and MS data. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by comparing the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectral data. Anithiactin D (1) significantly decreased cancer cell migration and invasion activities at a concentration of 5 μM via downregulation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in A549, AGS, and Caco-2 cell lines. Moreover, 1 inhibited the activity of Rho GTPases, including Rac1 and RhoA in the A549 cell line, suppressed RhoA in AGS and Caco-2 cell lines, and decreased the mRNA expression levels of some matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in AGS and Caco-2 cell lines. Thus 1, which is a new entity of the 2-phenylthiazole class of natural products with a unique aniline-indole fused moiety, is a potent inhibitor of the motility of cancer cells.
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Lee S, Baek SW, Kim DS, Park SY, Kim JH, Jung JW, Lee JK, Park GM, Park CG, Han DK. Injectable Microparticle-containing hydrogel with controlled release of bioactive molecules for facial rejuvenation. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100890. [PMID: 38162281 PMCID: PMC10755792 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ and a crucial barrier for protection against various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. As we age, the skin's components become more vulnerable to damage, forming wrinkles. Among different procedures, hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel has been extensively utilized for skin regeneration and reducing wrinkles. However, it has limitations like low retention and weak mechanical properties. In this study, we suggested the poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) microparticles containing alkaline magnesium hydroxide and nitric oxide-generating zinc oxide and rejuvenative hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels including these functional microparticles and asiaticoside, creating a novel delivery system for skin rejuvenation and regeneration. The fabricated rejuvenative hydrogels have exhibited enhanced biocompatibility, pH neutralization, reactive oxygen species scavenging, collagen biosynthesis, and angiogenesis capabilities in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, an excellent volume retention ability was demonstrated due to the numerous hydrogen bonds that formed between hyaluronic acid and asiaticoside. Overall, our advanced injectable hydrogel containing functional microparticles, with controlled release of bioactive molecules, has a significant potential for enhancing the regeneration and rejuvenation of the skin.
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Park SY, Jung JH, Kim DS, Lee JK, Song BG, Shin HE, Jung JW, Baek SW, You S, Han I, Han DK. Therapeutic potential of luteolin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/modified magnesium hydroxide microsphere in functional thermosensitive hydrogel for treating neuropathic pain. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314231226105. [PMID: 38333057 PMCID: PMC10851718 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231226105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a debilitating condition stemming from damage to the somatosensory system frequently caused by nerve injuries or lesions. While existing treatments are widely employed, they often lead to side effects and lack specificity. This study aimed to alleviate NP by developing an innovative sustained-release thermosensitive hydrogel system. The system incorporates hyaluronic acid (HA)/Pluronic F127 injectable hydrogel and bupivacaine (Bup, B) in combination with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid; PLGA)/modified magnesium hydroxide (MH)/luteolin (Lut; PML) microspheres (PML@B/Gel). The PML@B/Gel was designed for localized and prolonged co-delivery of Bup and Lut as an anesthetic and anti-inflammatory agent, respectively. Our studies demonstrated that PML@B/Gel had exceptional biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. In addition, it exhibited efficient pain relief in in vitro cellular assays. Moreover, this functional hydrogel showed substantial sustained drug release while diminishing microglial activation. Consequently, it effectively mitigated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in in vivo rat models of chronic constriction injury (CCI). Based on our research findings, PML@B/Gel emerges as a promising therapeutic approach for the protracted treatment of NP.
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Lee JY, Park SY, Kim WH, Cho HR. Nationwide-incidence and trends of fibromyalgia in South Korea: a population-based study. Rheumatol Int 2023; 43:2049-2056. [PMID: 37624398 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Reports of the incidence of fibromyalgia (FM) in Asia are uncommon. Therefore, this study used nationwide representative data to investigate the age- and sex-specific incidence and annual trends of FM in South Korea. This nationwide population-based study used data from the Korean National Health Claims Database. From 2012 to 2021, patients with FM diagnosed according to the ACR 2010 criteria from the entire Korean population aged 20-70 years were included in the enrolment database. Age- and sex-specific cumulative and annual incidences were analyzed and incident cases from 2014 to 2021 were included, considering the 2-year washout period. Among the total cohort of 42 million in the entire Korean population, 270,160 had FM during the study period. The incidence in the general population aged 20-70 years was 751.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] 751.10-751.40) per 100,000 persons (men: 95% CI 608.45-608.98; women: 95% CI 898.02-898.69). The incidence of FM increased with advancing age, peaking at 50-54 years both in men and women. The annual incidence was 88.07 (95% CI 88.02-88.13) in 2014; it increased from 2014 to 2019 and peaked in 2019 (109.20; 95% CI 101.65-101.76). The incidence of FM in South Korea was about twice the global average, with a gradual increase over the study period. These detailed estimates can help with proper planning within the healthcare system.
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Park SY, Park JM, Kim JI, Choi CH, Chun M, Chang JH, Kim JH. Quantitative radiomics approach to assess acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293071. [PMID: 37883380 PMCID: PMC10602246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We applied a radiomics approach to skin surface images to objectively assess acute radiation dermatitis in patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 20 patients was conducted. Skin surface images in normal, polarized, and ultraviolet (UV) modes were acquired using a skin analysis device before starting radiotherapy ('Before RT'), approximately 7 days after the first treatment ('RT D7'), on 'RT D14', and approximately 10 days after the radiotherapy ended ('After RT D10'). Eighteen types of radiomic feature ratios were calculated based on the values acquired 'Before RT'. We measured skin doses in ipsilateral breasts using optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters on the first day of radiotherapy. Clinical evaluation of acute radiation dermatitis was performed using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scoring criteria on 'RT D14' and 'After RT D10'. Several statistical analysis methods were used in this study to test the performance of radiomic features as indicators of radiodermatitis evaluation. RESULTS As the skin was damaged by radiation, the energy for normal mode and sum variance for polarized and UV modes decreased significantly for ipsilateral breasts, whereas contralateral breasts exhibited a smaller decrease with statistical significance. The radiomic feature ratios at 'RT D7' had strong correlations to skin doses and those at 'RT D14' and 'after RT D10' with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The energy for normal mode and sum variance for polarized and UV modes demonstrated the potential to evaluate and predict acute radiation, which assists in its appropriate management.
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Jung J, Moon SM, Kim DY, Kim SH, Lee WJ, Heo ST, Park JY, Bae S, Lee MJ, Kim B, Park SY, Jeong HW, Kim Y, Kwak YG, Song KH, Park KH, Park SH, Kim YK, Kim ES, Kim HB. Appropriateness of antibiotic use for patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria or urinary tract infection with positive urine culture: a retrospective observational multi-centre study in Korea. J Hosp Infect 2023; 140:79-86. [PMID: 37562596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance threatens public health worldwide, and inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the main causes. AIM To evaluate qualitative use of antibiotics in asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) and urinary tract infection (UTI). METHODS Cases of positive urine culture (≥105 colony-forning units/mL) performed in inpatient, outpatient and emergency departments in April 2021 were screened in 26 hospitals in the Republic of Korea. The cases were classified as ABU, lower UTI and upper UTI. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was evaluated retrospectively by infectious disease specialists using quality indicators based on clinical guidelines for ABU and UTI. RESULTS This study included a total of 2697 patients with ABU or UTI. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was assessed in 1157 patients with ABU, and in 677 and 863 patients with lower and upper UTI, respectively. Among the 1157 patients with ABU, 251 (22%) were prescribed antibiotics without appropriate indications. In 66 patients with ABU in which antibiotics were prescribed with appropriate indications, the duration was adequate in only 23 (34.8%) patients. The appropriateness of empirical and definite antibiotics was noted in 527 (77.8%) and 353 (68.0%) patients with lower UTI, and 745 (86.3%) and 583 (78.2%) patients with upper UTI, respectively. The duration of antibiotics was adequate in 321 (61.8%) patients with lower UTI and 576 (78.7%) patients with upper UTI. CONCLUSIONS This nationwide qualitative assessment of antibiotic use in ABU and UTI revealed that antibiotics were often prescribed inappropriately, and the duration of antibiotics was unnecessarily prolonged.
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Park SY, Moon SM, Kim B, Lee MJ, Song KH, Kim ES, Kim TH, Kim HB. Applicability and limitations of quality indicator-based assessment of appropriateness in antimicrobial use: a comparison with expert opinion. J Hosp Infect 2023; 139:93-98. [PMID: 37419187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effective implementation of antimicrobial stewardship requires an a-priori assessment of the appropriateness of antimicrobial prescriptions. AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of quality indicators (QIs) in determining the appropriateness of antimicrobial prescriptions compared to that of expert opinions. METHODS The study assessed antimicrobial use in 20 hospitals in Korea, with infectious disease specialists rating the appropriateness based on QIs and expert opinions. The selected QIs were (1) taking two blood cultures, (2) taking cultures from suspected sites of infection, (3) prescribing empirical antimicrobials according to guidelines, and (4) changing from empirical to pathogen-directed therapy for hospitalized patients and (2, 3, and 4) for ambulatory patients. Applicability, compliance with QIs, and agreement between QIs and expert opinions were investigated. FINDINGS Overall, 7999 therapeutic uses of antimicrobials were investigated at the study hospitals. The experts rated 20.5% (1636/7999) as inappropriate use. For hospitalized patients, antimicrobial use was assessed based on all four QIs in 28.8% (1798/6234) of the cases. For ambulatory care patients, only 7.5% (102/1351) of the antimicrobial use cases were assessed using all three QIs. The agreement between expert opinions and all four QIs for hospitalized patients was minimal (κ = 0.332), whereas that between expert opinions and all three QIs for ambulatory patients was weak (κ = 0.598). CONCLUSION QIs have limitations in determining the appropriateness of antimicrobial use, and the degree of agreement with expert opinions was low. Therefore, these QI limitations should be considered when determining the appropriateness of antimicrobial use.
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Varlı M, Ngo MT, Kim SM, Taş İ, Zhou R, Gamage CD, Pulat S, Park SY, Sesal NC, Hur JS, Kang KB, Kim H. A fatty acid-rich fraction of an endolichenic fungus Phoma sp. suppresses immune checkpoint markers via AhR/ARNT and ESR1. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19185. [PMID: 37662726 PMCID: PMC10474435 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has the highest mortality rates worldwide. The disease is caused by environmental pollutants, smoking, and many other factors. Recent treatments include immunotherapeutics, which have shown some success; however, the search for new therapeutics is ongoing. Endolichenic fungi produce a whale of a lot of secondary metabolites, the therapeutic effects of which are being evaluated. Here, we used a crude extract and subfractions of the endolichenic fungus, Phoma sp. (EL006848), isolated from the Pseudevernia furfuracea. It was identified the fatty acid components, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid, exist in subfractions E1 and E2. In addition, EL006848 and its fatty acids fractions suppressed benzo[a]pyrene (an AhR ligand)- induced expression of PD-L1 to inhibit the activity of multiple immune checkpoints. E2 subfraction, which had a higher fatty acid content than E1, downregulated expression of AhR/ARNT and several human transcription factors related to ESR1. Moreover, E2 showed a strong inhibitory effect on STAT3 expression and mild effect on NF-kB activity. These results suggest that fatty acids extracted from an endolichenic fungus can exert strong immunotherapeutic effects.
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Pham HT, Doan TP, Kim HW, Kim TW, Park SY, Kim H, Lee M, Kim KH, Oh WK, Lim YW, Kang KB. Correction to "Cyclohumulanoid Sesquiterpenes Induced by the Noncompetitive Coculture of Phellinus orientoasiaticus and Xylodon flaviporus". JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2079. [PMID: 37582070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
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Roh EJ, Kim DS, Kim JH, Lim CS, Choi H, Kwon SY, Park SY, Kim JY, Kim HM, Hwang DY, Han DK, Han I. Multimodal therapy strategy based on a bioactive hydrogel for repair of spinal cord injury. Biomaterials 2023; 299:122160. [PMID: 37209541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury results in permanent and serious neurological impairment, but there is no effective treatment yet. Tissue engineering approaches offer great potential for the treatment of SCI, but spinal cord complexity poses great challenges. In this study, the composite scaffold consists of a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel, decellularized brain matrix (DBM), and bioactive compounds such as polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), tumor necrosis factor-α/interferon-γ primed mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (TI-EVs), and human embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells (NPC). The composite scaffold showed significant effects on regenerative prosses including angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and neural differentiation. In addition, the composite scaffold (DBM/PDRN/TI-EV/NPC@Gel) induced an effective spinal cord regeneration in a rat spinal cord transection model. Therefore, this multimodal approach using an integrated bioactive scaffold coupled with biochemical cues from PDRN and TI-EVs could be used as an advanced tissue engineering platform for spinal cord regeneration.
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Son S, Park SY. Progressive resolution optimizer (PRO) predominates over photon optimizer (PO) in sparing of spinal cord for spine SABR VMAT plans. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:445. [PMID: 37194056 PMCID: PMC10186649 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND we assessed the performance of the optimization algorithms by comparing volumetric modulated arc therapy generated by a progressive resolution optimized (VMATPRO) and photon optimizer (VMATPO) in terms of plan quality, MU reduction, sparing of the spinal cord (or cauda equina), and plan complexity. METHODS Fifty-seven patients who received spine stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) with tumors located in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine were retrospectively selected. For each patient, VMATPRO and VMATPO with two full arcs were generated with using the PRO and PO algorithms. For dosimetric evaluation, the dose-volumetric (DV) parameters of the planning target volume (PTV), organs at risk (OARs), the corresponding planning organs at risk (PRV), and 1.5-cm ring structure surrounding the PTV (Ring1.5 cm) were calculated for all VMAT plans. The total number of monitor units (MUs) and the modulation complexity score for the VMAT (MCSv) were compared. To investigate the correlations of OAR sparing to plan complexity, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation tests were conducted between the two algorithms (PO - PRO, denoted as Δ) in the DV parameters for normal tissues, total MUs, and MCSv. RESULTS For the PTVs, Target conformity and dose homogeneity in the PTVs of VMATPRO were better than those of VMATPO with statistical significance. For the spinal cords (or cauda equine) and the corresponding PRVs, all of the DV parameters for VMATPRO were markedly lower than those for VMATPO, with statistical significance (all p < 0.0001). Among them, the difference in the maximum dose to the spinal cord between VMATPRO and VMATPO was remarkable (9.04 Gy vs. 11.08 Gy with p < 0.0001). For Ring1.5 cm, no significant difference in V115% for VMATPRO and VMATPO was observed. CONCLUSIONS The use of VMATPRO resulted in improved coverage and uniformity of dose to the PTV, as well as OARs sparing, compared with that of VMATPO for cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine SABR. Better dosimetric plan quality generated by the PRO algorithm was observed to result in higher total MUs and plan complexity. Therefore, careful evaluation of its deliverability should be performed with caution during the routine use of the PRO algorithm.
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Yun J, Yun S, Park JE, Cheong EN, Park SY, Kim N, Kim HS. Deep Learning of Time-Signal Intensity Curves from Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Imaging Enables Tissue Labeling and Prediction of Survival in Glioblastoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:543-552. [PMID: 37105676 PMCID: PMC10171378 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE An autoencoder can learn representative time-signal intensity patterns to provide tissue heterogeneity measures using dynamic susceptibility contrast MR imaging. The aim of this study was to investigate whether such an autoencoder-based pattern analysis could provide interpretable tissue labeling and prognostic value in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preoperative dynamic susceptibility contrast MR images were obtained from 272 patients with IDH wild-type glioblastoma (training and validation, 183 and 89 patients, respectively). The autoencoder was applied to the dynamic susceptibility contrast MR imaging time-signal intensity curves of tumor and peritumoral areas. Representative perfusion patterns were defined by voxelwise K-means clustering using autoencoder latent features. Perfusion patterns were labeled by comparing parameters with anatomic reference tissues for baseline, signal drop, and percentage recovery. In the validation set (n = 89), a survival model was created from representative patterns and clinical predictors using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, and its performance was calculated using the Harrell C-index. RESULTS Eighty-nine patients were enrolled. Five representative perfusion patterns were used to characterize tissues as high angiogenic tumor, low angiogenic/cellular tumor, perinecrotic lesion, infiltrated edema, and vasogenic edema. Of these, the low angiogenic/cellular tumor (hazard ratio, 2.18; P = .047) and infiltrated edema patterns (hazard ratio, 1.88; P = .009) in peritumoral areas showed significant prognostic value. The combined perfusion patterns and clinical predictors (C-index, 0.72) improved prognostication when added to clinical predictors (C-index, 0.55). CONCLUSIONS The autoencoder perfusion pattern analysis enabled tissue characterization of peritumoral areas, providing heterogeneity and dynamic information that may provide useful prognostic information in IDH wild-type glioblastoma.
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Pohl T, Sun YL, Obertelli A, Lee J, Gómez-Ramos M, Ogata K, Yoshida K, Cai BS, Yuan CX, Brown BA, Baba H, Beaumel D, Corsi A, Gao J, Gibelin J, Gillibert A, Hahn KI, Isobe T, Kim D, Kondo Y, Kobayashi T, Kubota Y, Li P, Liang P, Liu HN, Liu J, Lokotko T, Marqués FM, Matsuda Y, Motobayashi T, Nakamura T, Orr NA, Otsu H, Panin V, Park SY, Sakaguchi S, Sasano M, Sato H, Sakurai H, Shimizu Y, Stefanescu AI, Stuhl L, Suzuki D, Togano Y, Tudor D, Uesaka T, Wang H, Xu X, Yang ZH, Yoneda K, Zenihiro J. Multiple Mechanisms in Proton-Induced Nucleon Removal at ∼100 MeV/Nucleon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:172501. [PMID: 37172241 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.172501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first proton-induced single proton- and neutron-removal reactions from the neutron-deficient ^{14}O nucleus with large Fermi-surface asymmetry S_{n}-S_{p}=18.6 MeV at ∼100 MeV/nucleon, a widely used energy regime for rare-isotope studies. The measured inclusive cross sections and parallel momentum distributions of the ^{13}N and ^{13}O residues are compared to the state-of-the-art reaction models, with nuclear structure inputs from many-body shell-model calculations. Our results provide the first quantitative contributions of multiple reaction mechanisms including the quasifree knockout, inelastic scattering, and nucleon transfer processes. It is shown that the inelastic scattering and nucleon transfer, usually neglected at such energy regime, contribute about 50% and 30% to the loosely bound proton and deeply bound neutron removal, respectively. These multiple reaction mechanisms should be considered in analyses of inclusive one-nucleon removal cross sections measured at intermediate energies for quantitative investigation of single-particle strengths and correlations in atomic nuclei.
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Park SY, Zhou R, Gamage CDB, Pulat S, Varlı M, Kim H. Abstract 3793: Regulation of miR-124 expression by promoter methylation in CRC and its relationship with KITENIN expression. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate microRNA expression in cancer are not fully understood. However, recently reported data show that the epigenetic mechanism plays an important role in the regulation of microRNA expression. In in this study, we investigated the relationship between miR-124 promoter methylation and target genes in CRC. The expression of miR-124 was increased by Aza treatment and the expression of KITENIN was decreased in CRC cells. First, we examined the methylation status of miR-124 promoter in two normal cell lines and seven CRC cell lines using pyrosequencing assay. As a result, miR-124 promoter was hypermethylated in CRC cells and low in normal cells. Next, we evaluated the DNA methylation status for a miR-124 promoter in paired colorectal normal tissues and colorectal cancer tissues specimens from 10 patients. Overall, methylation of the miR-124 promoter was high in cancer among clinical tissues, and the expression of miR-124 was low in cancer tissues. The expression of the KITENIN was also higher in cancer tissues than in normal tissues. These results prove that DNA hypermethylation contributes to the transcriptional down-regulation of miR-124 in colon cancer, and that the epigenetic silencing of miR-124 in cancer cells modulate the activity of KITENIN. Our findings provide basic data that can be useful for clinical treatment of CRC patients through the mechanism of miR-124 regulation identified as a regulator of KITENIN.
Citation Format: So-Yeon Park, Rui Zhou, Chathurika D. B. Gamage, Sultan Pulat, Mücahit Varlı, Hangun Kim. Regulation of miR-124 expression by promoter methylation in CRC and its relationship with KITENIN expression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3793.
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