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Lee PC, Truong B, Vega-Crespo A, Gilmore WB, Hermann K, Angarita SA, Tang JK, Chang KM, Wininger AE, Lam AK, Schoenberg BE, Cederbaum SD, Pyle AD, Byrne JA, Lipshutz GS. Restoring Ureagenesis in Hepatocytes by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Genomic Addition to Arginase-deficient Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2016; 5:e394. [PMID: 27898091 PMCID: PMC5155330 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Urea cycle disorders are incurable enzymopathies that affect nitrogen metabolism and typically lead to hyperammonemia. Arginase deficiency results from a mutation in Arg1, the enzyme regulating the final step of ureagenesis and typically results in developmental disabilities, seizures, spastic diplegia, and sometimes death. Current medical treatments for urea cycle disorders are only marginally effective, and for proximal disorders, liver transplantation is effective but limited by graft availability. Advances in human induced pluripotent stem cell research has allowed for the genetic modification of stem cells for potential cellular replacement therapies. In this study, we demonstrate a universally-applicable CRISPR/Cas9-based strategy utilizing exon 1 of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase locus to genetically modify and restore arginase activity, and thus ureagenesis, in genetically distinct patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells and hepatocyte-like derivatives. Successful strategies restoring gene function in patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells may advance applications of genetically modified cell therapy to treat urea cycle and other inborn errors of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Lee
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brian Truong
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Agustin Vega-Crespo
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - W Blake Gilmore
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kip Hermann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephanie Ak Angarita
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jonathan K Tang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Katherine M Chang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Austin E Wininger
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alex K Lam
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Benjamen E Schoenberg
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen D Cederbaum
- Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - April D Pyle
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - James A Byrne
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gerald S Lipshutz
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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